Scientific Journal of KubSAU

Polythematic online scientific journal
of Kuban State Agrarian University
ISSN 1990-4665
AGRIS logo UlrichsWeb logo DOAJ logo
Search by author's name Search by title
220 kb

EFFECT OF FATTY-ACID CONCENTRATE (FAC) AND CARNITINE ON PERFORMANCE, PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITION AND MEAT QUALITY OF BROILER CHICKENS

abstract 1211607089 issue 121 pp. 1453 – 1472 30.09.2016 ru 490
An experiment was conducted to examine the effect of fatty acid concentrate (FAC), as a new source of energy and carnitine on performance, physiological condition and meat quality of broiler chickens. In experiment there were four groups of 80 chickens of cross Hubbard each (males: females=40:40) in age period 0-41 days. 1 group (control) received in during the periods 0-14, 15-28 and 29-41days, sunflower oil (SO) respectively 5.34%, 5.50%, and 6.10%, group 2 received the same amounts of FAC instead SO, 3 group - mixture SO:FAC (50:50), 4 group -FAC + 0,25% carnitine. Final body weight: 1 group = 2574±29 g, 2 group FAC= 2553±27 g 3 group SO + FAC = 2531±34 g., 4 group FAC+0,25 carnitine = 2520±34 g. Feed conversion, digestibility of nutrients, blood hematology and biochemistry, the condition of organs, meat quality and cutting of carcass of chickens on FAC had no any differences from the same signs in chicks on SO. Carnitine had a positive effect on chicken growth only in the period 0-14 and less 15-28 days; in the period 29-41 days daily gain was below, than that in 1-3 groups. Canitine reduced the content of liver fat. Outcome: FAC is a satisfactory source of energy, comparable with vegetable oils. The price of FAC is 30% lower in comparison with sunflower oil and soybean oils, therefore its use in broiler poultry farming instead of vegetable oils will be of great economic importance
190 kb

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF SYMBIOTIC FEED SUPPLEMENT IN RATION OF LOHMANN BROWN EGG CROSS CHICKENS

abstract 1211607090 issue 121 pp. 1473 – 1486 30.09.2016 ru 473
The purpose of the research is to compare the effect of a new symbiotic feed supplement created based on propionic and lactic acid bacteria with a widely used domestic and foreign enzyme-probiotic preparations in chickens 0-28 days of age of the Lohmann Brown egg cross. In the experiment, there were six groups of chickens: group 1 received basal diet (BD); group 2 – BD + symbiotic preparation; group 3 – BD + Bacell; group 4 – BD + Agrocell; group 5 – BD + Agroksil; group 6 – BD + Ollzaym Vegpro. Average daily gain, food conversion rate per 1g of weight gain, digestibility of organic matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, made up respectively: group 1 – 8.17, 1.91, 71.4, 58.3, 68.0, 81.1; group 2 ˗ 8.36, 1.90, 72.4, 60.2, 69.7, 88.1; group 3 – 8.13, 1.91, 73.1, 60.2, 69.7, 88.1; group 4 – 8.33, 1.86, 74.2, 62.5, 72.2, 87.6; group 5 – 8.50, 1.83, 77.3, 64.1, 73.4, 95.4; group 6 – 7.91, 1.92, 73.2, 67.5, 70.7, 94.3. The growth rate of chickens fed with symbiotic feed supplement was 2.3% higher than in the control and they showed the highest fiber digestibility. The chickens on diet with Agroksil enzyme efficiently raised growth rate (+4%) and reduced feed costs (-4.2%). Agrocell increased weight gain by 2% and reduce feed costs by 2.6%. The growth rate of chickens fed Ollazaym Vegpro was the lowest (96.8% of control), despite the fact that it increased significantly the digestibility of crude protein, but slightly improved the digestibility of other nutrients. Outcome: symbiotic feed supplement may be of interest as a means of increasing the productivity of chickens
869 kb

YIELD PREDICTION OF TECHNICAL GRADES OF GRAPES WITH THE WHITE COLOR OF BERRIES ON THE BASIS OF A STUDY OF THE EMBRYONIC FRUITFULNESS OF BUD IN THE CONDITIONS OF ANAPA - TAMAN AREA OF THE KRASNODAR REGION

abstract 1211607094 issue 121 pp. 1545 – 1582 30.09.2016 ru 459
The article presents the data on the formation of the embryonic fruitfulness of central ovaries of wintering buds of the group of technical grape varieties with white berries - White Muscat; Pinot White, Chardonnay, Citron Magaracha, Pervenets Magaracha; Riesling, Viorica, Riton, Crystal in the conditions of Anapa-Taman zone. There were revealed the rates of embryonic fruitfulness of central ovaries of buds of studied cultivars and fruiting indices of vegetative shoots developed from them. In all studied grape varieties there was revealed a high percentage of fruitful buds from 84,1 in the variety of Riton at 97.2 at Viorica; and the percentage of fertile vegetative shoots from 81,8 at the variety Citron Magaracha to 97.2 in the variety White Muscat. At the leveled load of bushes, vegetative shoots and the same scheme of planting of bushes (3 x 2 m), the highest yield in terms per hectare showed the varieties Pervenets Magaracha, Viorica, Riton, Crystal, Riesling and Citron Magarach. When assessing the economic efficiency the highest net income and level of profitability were identified in the varieties of Citron Magaracha, Pervenets Magaracha, Viorica and Riton. In order to determine which buds will give us shoots with large, well-developed (well-differentiated) buds, and which will not give (weakly differentiated), it is necessary "to look inside a bud". But even already formed germs of inflorescences in the bud are able in a few days in spring or dedifferentiate or degrade depending on the influence of external conditions. Scientists have learned to use this ability to increase the maximum possible yield in years of severe damage of grape by frosts. Firstly, in frosty winters the central buds wither out. The replacing buds usually have poor fruiting and bad productivity during years. In such cases, it is more profitable to conduct a small cutting of angle buds arranged in a circle at the base of a shoot. At the beginning of the second vegetation phase, these buds will obtain the great bulk plastic substances, which will cause the dedifferentiation of rudiments of inflorescences in them. Thus, it is possible not only to restore rapidly the normal shape of a bush, but to obtain a good harvest this year
163 kb

THE RESULTS OF IMPROVEMENT OF RED STEPPE AND HOLSTEIN CATTLE IN BREEDING FARMS OF THE KRASNODAR REGION

abstract 1211607095 issue 121 pp. 1583 – 1594 30.09.2016 ru 412
The modern cattle breeding in Russia is characterized by dynamic development, development of intensive technologies, increase in production, but at the same time, there are problems of increase in production of milk due to increase of dairy efficiency of cows at the most effective manifestation of the available level of their genetic potential. For the solution of this problem, i.e. for genetic improvement of dairy cattle, creation of new breeds, intra pedigree or zone types, more than 100 thousand of bulls with high genetics, and also 430 thousand heifers were delivered to Russia for the last 10 years. In this regard, the purpose of our researches was to study the level of genetic potential of dairy cows in breeding farms of "Nasha Rodina" of Gulkevichsky region, Vasyurinsky milk farm of Dinsky region, the Firm «Agrocomplex» of Vyselkovskiy region (Gazyrskoye enterprise), "Urozhay" of Kanevskoy region from 2000 to 2014, by using bulls of Golshtinsky breed. Researches have shown that in farms of the Krasnodar region producers with the high level of potential from 10791,0 kg to 12045 kg on milk were yield used on a breeding uterine livestock; from 4,22 to 4,40% of fat; from 3,32 to 3,49% of protein in milk. As a result the level of potential of daughters of bulls and cows in herds of farms was from 7774 to 9144 kg of milk; from 3,89 to 4,05% of fat; from 3,26 to 3,67% of protein in milk. However, genetic potential of new generation of animals is shown not completely. It is influenced by partial compliance of the created technological conditions of biology of animals, and indicators of breeding value of producers, with their prepatent indicators. Calculations of breeding value indexes of bulls – fathers of cows in the herd of "Urozhay" have shown that each bull has its breeding value, an ability to transfer the qualities to posterity. Bulls of Golshtinsky breed of red – motley color ( Pan 2037 and Tulup 78160689), by results of comparison of milk yields of daughters, mothers and contemporaries, had negative prepatent indexes of milk yield and milk protein content (according to F.F. Eysper and V. Sidorova). The data confirm the need of carrying out an obligatory index assessment of bulls before their use on the farm in order to avoid receiving descendants with low dairy efficiency
180 kb

ASSESSMENT OF CARBON-DEPOSIT AND OXYGEN-PRODUCING PART OF ARTIFICIAL FOREST PLANTATIONS OF THE KUBAN FORESTRY IN THE KARACHAYCHERKESSIA REPUBLIC

abstract 1211607103 issue 121 pp. 1677 – 1691 30.09.2016 ru 315
Currently, due to the risk of global warming because of increased concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, carbon-deposit function of forest ecosystems, thanks to which stabilization of gas composition of the atmosphere takes place, has great importance [1]. Forest is one of the main components of the biosphere. Forests protect soil from erosion, provide stability hydrological regime of rivers, supply atmosphere with oxygen, biologically active substances, purify of harmful impurities, create optimal environmental conditions and play an important environmental role. However, because of intensive anthropogenic influence (unregulated logging, technogenic environmental pollution recreation) forest ecosystems are experiencing stresses at which irreversible processes of degradation of communities of economically valuable main forestforming species of both natural and artificial origin take place [6]. Evaluating carbon-deposit function of forest plantations, CO2 emissions to the atmosphere through the soil respiration must be taken into account, which can vary within wide limits. Productivity of forests is largely driven by carbon dioxide, released from the soil. Soil carbon dioxide provides demand of forest plants for photosynthesis. With increasing intensity of soil respiration, positive balance is maintained [2]. Based on the method of V.I. Tarankov for evaluation of carbon-deposit and oxygen-producing functions of wood cenoses [2], similar research is carried out in RSI "Kuban forestry", the KarachayCherkessia Republic
152 kb

APPLICATION OF BIOFUNGICIDES CALLED GUAPSIN AND TRIHODERMIN DURING THE PERIOD OF PRODUCTION OF GRAFTED PLANTING MATERIAL AT THE STAGE OF STRATIFICATION OF GRAFTED GRAPES CUTTINGS

abstract 1211607104 issue 121 pp. 1692 – 1702 30.09.2016 ru 376
The article gives the results of the three years of research to identify the main species composition of fungal pathogens when stratified open and closed methods. Biological efficiency of Guapsin, 0,2%, and Trichodermin, 0,5% is shown. During the period of stratification, using an open method "on the water", the following pathogens have evolved: Cladosporium herbarum (18,6%), Trichotecium roseum (16,3%), Phomopsis viticola (13,9%), Alternaria spp. (13,4%), Penicillium sp. ( 9,1%), Aspergillus sp. (5,6%), Pythium sp. (4,3%), Gonatobotrys flava (4,3%), Mycelia sterilia (2,8%), Botrytis cinerea (2,2%). The studies found that the close method of stratification in the peat developed the following specific composition of pathogens: Penicillium spp. (21,1%), Phomopsis viticola (16,4%), Botrytis cinerea (15,3%), Trichotecium roseum (11,1%), Alternaria spp. (8,2%), Mycelia sterilia (1,0%). During the period of stratification, biological efficiency Guapsin, 0.2%, and Trichodermin, 0,5%, was 31,9-88,0% and 28,2-86,3%, respectively
277 kb

INFLUENCE OF RATES AND COMBINATIONS OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON YIELD OF CORN AND AGROCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FERTILITY OF THE LEACHED CHERNOZEM OF WESTERN FORECAUCASUS

abstract 1211607107 issue 121 pp. 1732 – 1748 30.09.2016 ru 459
For the purpose of preservation of soil fertility at relatively low economic expenses, we have conducted researches on optimization of doses and combinations of mineral fertilizers by cultivation of field corn hybrid called "Krasnodar 382" in a stationary field experiment of the Department of agrochemistry in the training farm "Kuban", in the conditions of the leached chernozem of Central zone of the Krasnodar region. The main impact on receiving high-quality corn gives the content of plant nutrients in soil. Our researches showed that the application of the complete fertilizer in various doses has had influence on the content of essential plant nutrients in the soil. The maximal values of the content of mineral nitrogen, available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium during all phases of vegetation have been got in options with double N60P60K40 and triple N90P90K60 dose of the complete fertilizer. Sufficient supplying the soil with plant nutrients by fertilizing has entailed the enhance of corn yield. Great crop of corn has been reaped during the experiment. After three years of researches, the productivity has reached averaged 58,7 cwt/hectare. The greatest productivity has been received in the option with application of triple and double dose of the complete fertilizer and amounted 68,5 and 68,0 cwt/hectare, what is 47% and 45,9% more, compared to the option without any application of fertilizers. The main substance, which defines nutritional value of corn, is proteins. Application of fertilizers under the conditions of our experiment has promoted enhancing the protein content in corn. The application of mineral fertilizers has promoted increase of the content of crude protein in corn. Maximal it was in option with application of the complete mineral fertilizer in the double dose of N60P60K40 – 9.6%, when reaped protein has amounted 6,5 cwt/hectare. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that it is most expedient to fertilize field corn with the dose of N60P60K40 and N90P90K60
126 kb

PROBABILITY OF ESTIMATION OF AMELIORATIVE CONDITION OF IRRIGATED FIELD WHEN USING BIOTECHNOLOGY

abstract 1211607110 issue 121 pp. 1778 – 1786 30.09.2016 ru 405
The biotechnology (year - round utilization of livestock and spirit wastages) was developed for the protection of farmlands and water objects. Technology of processing of organic wastages by means of earthworms (vermicomposting) gives the chance to use wastages of livestock complexes, to make a sewage disposal at minimum energy consumption. In the field experiment which was made in the training farm called "Kuban" for the detailed studying of influence of the held events there were put the platforms. The technique of probability of estimation of ameliorative condition of an irrigated field is given in the article. The nonparametric statistical assessment of degree of soil compliance to the normative conditions is defined
135 kb

METHOD OF INCREASING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF BROILER CHICKENS THROUGH THE USE OF FUNCTIONAL ADDITIVE

abstract 1211607120 issue 121 pp. 1897 – 1906 30.09.2016 ru 458
In the experimental work, we studied the effect of the inulin prebiotic on the growth, development and efficiency of growing broiler chickens of the Isa cross. In accordance with the scheme of the experiment, the first control group was fed a complete feed (CF) by periods of growth. In the second group, inulin was added to the CF for the first 21 days of growth. In the third group prebiotic was added to the CF at the same rate throughout the whole period of rearing the chicks (42 days). In the second and third groups, we found the tendency to increase the intensity of growth rate in poultry by 1.6 and 3.0%, respectively, compared with the control. Feed costs for weight gain were decreased by 2.1-2.7%. In the chime of the blind processes of the intestine of the chickens of 2-3 experimental groups it was found the reduction of staphylococci and enterococci CFU, while similar to the control group lactobacilli CFU. The muscle tissue in the chickens of experimental groups had greater protein content. The optimal range of indicators is the use of inulin for the first 21 days of rearing poultry. Because of the production audit, an increase in live weight of chickens was found, in the experimental group by 2.7% (p ≤ 0.05), a decrease of feed costs by 7.5%, increase of the survival rate of poultry by 2.0% and profitability by 3.1%
336 kb

INFLUENCE OF COMPLEX COMPOSTS ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ORDINARY CHERNOZEM

abstract 1211607136 issue 121 pp. 2136 – 2164 30.09.2016 ru 551
During the last century, in the biosphere occur expressed processes of soil degradation due to anthropogenic influence, which seriously change of top layer of soil. The agricultural landscape is allocated of noticeable accumulation of various wastes at expense of growing of food crops and grazing of farm animals, as well as due to mineral wastes generated in process production of building materials and fertilizers from natural raw. According to physical and chemical characteristics of wastes of plant origin and natural-raw wastes constitute a non-toxic highly dispersed connection with an admixture of different undecomposed organic and mineral substances. Specificity of physical state is determined there of high dispersion, which is represented by system particles of colloidal substances distributed in various environments. Colloids of natural-raw wastes are characterized by a low rate of diffusion; do not penetrate finely porous membrane of cell structures, different very nonequilibrium insolubility and specific chemical composition. For example, phosphogypsum is characterized by high concentration of sulfur and calcium, and trace amounts of entire table of D.I. Mendeleev. Organic wastes are made by variety of chemical compounds and high concentration of carbohydrates, proteins, fats and other organic substances
ßíäåêñ.Ìåòðèêà