Scientific Journal of KubSAU

Polythematic online scientific journal
of Kuban State Agrarian University
ISSN 1990-4665
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Name

Maslov Gennady Georgiyevich

Scholastic degree


Academic rank

professor

Honorary rank

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Kuban State Agrarian University
   

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Articles count: 21

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183 kb

REDUCTION OF TRACTOR DEMAND BY THE USE OF FULL-DRIVE COMBINES IN FIELD WORK

abstract 0701106044 issue 70 pp. 618 – 632 30.06.2011 ru 1933
The use of grain-harvesters in field work and their influence on the reduction of machinery demand are given on an example of a typical farm
139 kb

STRATEGIC TRENDS IN CEREALS HARVESTING IN KUBAN REGION

abstract 0701106020 issue 70 pp. 296 – 306 30.06.2011 ru 2164
Improvement trends of methodical approaches in complex cereals harvesting in optimal terms with technical support substantiation are considered. Structure and technical equipment are considered as well
187 kb

IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF MECHANIZED OPERATIONS

abstract 1071503021 issue 107 pp. 318 – 332 31.03.2015 ru 865
The article presents analysis of the problem of increasing the quality of the implementation of mechanized operations to harvest crops and seed dressing chemicals. The quality of grain harvesting combine harvesters was considered for the new modern harvesters in terms of crop losses, grain crushing and microdamages. The quality of seed treatment is considered on the basis of the ejection slot-spraying nozzles at ultra low seed coming down with a conical distribution surface, ending rounded shape logisticians. The problem of improving the quality of the grain harvest is mainly due to its losses for the combine and injury. By the way, the amount of grain crushing almost half its losses determines the percentage of the combine. The greatest fragmentation occurs in the threshing and separating device (LSG) combines with a hammer drums and several times lower - in the axial rotor LSG. At last there is a big advantage - high performance combines that preference when replacing obsolete machines with a hammer apparatus. Quality depends on the etching uniformity of distribution of atomized liquid droplets and completeness of etching. The proposed new flowsheet Dressers fixed flow distribution and ejection-slotted spray solution of the working fluid has significant advantages: reliable processing of seeds, completeness (not less than 97%) and uniformity (98%) of dressing material. Optimal duty cycle flow of seeds created by a fixed cone with an angle of 45 degrees, the spatial arrangement of ejection nozzles relative to the flow of processed seeds provide good quality of work
300 kb

DESIGN FEATURES OF THE NEW CHISEL COMBINED AND CALCULATION NEEDS OF THE ENGINE POWER AT HIS WORK

abstract 1091505013 issue 109 pp. 195 – 207 29.05.2015 ru 1272
The article presents technologies and design features of the proposed chisel combined unit, combining in a single pass over the field 3 operations: deep loosening, crumbling additional topsoil and alignment, fertilizing. Design features of such a subsoiller as the basis of the unit include a chisel on each rack, fixed at an angle of 15-25 degrees to the horizontal and lessons along the center line of the rack feet, and flat cutting fun-leveling, consisting of two coaxially bred drums equipped with ripper teeth securely fastened according to our patents and placed in 5-9 rows on the surface of the drums on the helix, with rows of teeth on both drums have the opposite direction. The teeth of the first drum are long by 5-9 cm than the second, the clearance between the teeth of the first and second drum does not exceed 1.5 cm, and the ends of the teeth between the first reel and the cylindrical surface of the second - 1 cm. Front legs each provided with a divider soil laid down by its center and related to the lower of its parts - the bit. The first reel is mounted to 5 cm clearance between it and the cylindrical surface of the soil, which improves process reliability. We have got analytical dependences of the required power for the engine of the tractor unit with the proposed change of the working speed and width at the optimum utilization traction tractor plowing 0.9. We have justified a preferred brand of domestic and foreign tractors for this purpose
2082 kb

THE COST AND LOSS FUNCTION IN THE RESEARCH OF MULTIPURPOSE ASSEMBLIES

abstract 1151601068 issue 115 pp. 1074 – 1087 27.01.2016 ru 562
Using the example of three multipurpose assemblies (MPA) we have presented the possibility of the cost and loss function appliance for the substantiation of the design and operating parameters as the criterion of optimization. The mentioned objective function of mathematical model is the sum of expenses on the performance of the scheduled amount of automated tasks and the cost of the crop loss related to the failure of meeting deadlines. It is common knowledge that the longer the execution of work lasts (e.g. crop harvesting), the more value it loses. The extremum of the cost and loss function is the minimum of the sum of expenses and the cost of losses which sets the optimal parameters, the mode of the MPA functioning and the work duration. The cost of inputs for the work performance within the objective function includes operating costs of the MPA for the scheduled amounts of work. With the increase of the duration of these works the expenses decrease, however, the cost of losses grows. The sum of the costs of inputs and losses has the extremum that sets the solution optimality. The cost of crop losses depends on the purchase price for the harvested crops and the crop losses intensity for each day of harvesting which we have already developed significant dependencies for. We have suggested the control flow charts for optimizing the MPA parameters and their functioning modes, we have evolved the notion of the objective function and the method of its calculation for different sets of assemblies. Through the example of the multipurpose complex assembly for stubble soil cultivation and simultaneous green manure dropping, we have analyzed the results of the task solution using the cost and loss function which is an effective method of the parameter optimization and the functioning modes of various machine assemblies and facilitates the choice of alternative options
495 kb

TECHNICAL REFINEMENT OF GRAIN CROP PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES

abstract 1151601069 issue 115 pp. 1088 – 1109 27.01.2016 ru 542
There have been suggested the courses of refinement of the crop production technologies, has been studied the efficiency of multipurpose assemblies (MPA) in the process of mechanization of plant growing, which provide the production of competitive agricultural products, more perfect machinery construction and tools, improving the quality of automated tasks completion, the issues of machine stock renovation, raising the effectiveness of their use, complexity of tasks, integrity and continuity of the working process, environmental safety of the production. The high level of the complex task performance is based on combining several technological operations, completed during a single pass of MPA, drastically refining the basic variants of the technologies. Using the example of the multipurpose assembly Vector for stubble tillage, introduction of mineral fertilizers, planting of intercrops and packing of soil, we can observe a significant advantage of the suggested technology in comparison with using a mass produced single-function machine. Combining several technological operations in a single MPA pass guarantees agritechnical, ecological, energetic and economic efficiency. However, no attention is still paid to the issue of the crop losses decrease (direct and indirect) during harvesting, as well as to the problem of the complexity of postharvest tasks simultaneously with harvesting (tillage, planting of intercrops, introducing fertilizers, etc). In the current article we have provided the results of these studies. Respecting the regulations of environmental safety of technical units leads to the soil fertility raise and the pollution decrease of agricultural products. All of them are carried out in the technical support of the crop production technologies
284 kb

TECHNOLOGICAL REFINEMENT OF GRAIN CROP PRODUCTION INVOLVING MACHINERY APPLICATION

abstract 1151601070 issue 115 pp. 1110 – 1126 27.01.2016 ru 615
There have been suggested the courses of the machine technologies refinement in the process of spiked cereals production. The course of their technical update was studied in our previous article. There were analyzed the drawbacks of the modern machine production of crops and we presented the course of their elimination due to the technology optimization, resource and energy preservation, machine technologies of soil improvement and new innovative technological solutions. The suggested technology optimization was designed taking into account rigorous alternation of crops in the rotation, optimizing of breeds and crossbreeds, application of intermediate crops simultaneously with harvesting the previous crop, introducing progressive methods of chemical treatment and synchronous tillage. The resource and energy preservation is based on the combination of technological operations coinciding with the tasks in agricultural terms during a single machinery pass across the field, application of the mobile power unit (UPU-450), low- and ultralow capacity spraying, optimization of choice of certain agrimethods in the process of crop production and the resource calculation of estimated crop yield. In the set of soil improvement courses we have studied the mechanization of the restoration processes of natural soil formation, defecate introduction, the use of stubbly remains, compulsory presence of permanent grasses in crop rotation. New innovative solutions in the crop production technologies include the refinement of the mechanization facilities in tillage, spraying, new methods of crop harvesting (unwinnowed bread, root tow, cleaning of thrashed heap after the harvesting, etc). We have analyzed the ways of mechanization of “organic farming” and seed treatment with biologic mixtures
226 kb

TECHNICAL PROVIDING FOR THE SYSTEM OF PROCESSING KUBAN SOIL

abstract 1241610020 issue 124 pp. 390 – 402 30.12.2016 ru 381
The system of the main handling of the soil on an agrolandscape basis in the conditions of Kuban is analyzed and in relation to it the technical supply promoting competitive production of crop production is proved. Conservation and expanded production of humus of the Kuban chernozems is possible only in case of observance of recommendations and the balanced biologically adaptive system of agriculture providing improvement of water and physical and chemical properties of the arable land in various agrolandscapes due to observance of crop rotations, the technology space, the boardless, surface and "zero" treatments with creation of a favorable phytosanitary situation, use of a crop residue remaining balance, green manure, a fertilizer, manure and composts. The application was recommended in the system and technicians of new generation with automated control systems and work quality control, the sparing tradable systems, admissible weight with use of navigation aids and GPS is proved. We have suggested a system machine for soil cultivation in the Kuban region, it radically changes technologies, reduces the nomenclative list of the used equipment, facilitates servicing and operation of machines, improves rhythm, threading of production processes and complexity of the performed works. All this promotes decrease in capital investments and a work gain in productivity. The offered technical supply of system of the main handling of the soil for conditions of the Krasnodar region is proved taking into account agrolandscapes and evidence-based system of agriculture, auxiliary the main component - resource-saving system of the tillage machines which are qualitatively carrying out agrorequirements, reducing costs and promoting the increased product competitiveness of crop production
583 kb

A MULTILEVEL SYSTEMIC APPROACH TO INTEGRATED OPTIMIZATION OF HARVESTING PROCESSES, TRANSPORTATION AND CLEANING OF GRAIN

abstract 1241610072 issue 124 pp. 1123 – 1146 30.12.2016 ru 524
A methodology for a multilevel system approach to integrated optimization of processes of harvest, transportation and cleaning of the grain during the harvest by the method of «Neveyka» has been developed. The main method of research - is a queuing theory of all components of the yield except straw. The System consists of 6 interconnected subsystems with their inputs and outputs, and its own optimality criteria. On the first level of optimization, the most efficient way of wheat harvest «Neveyka» has been proved. On the second level - the total duration of the harvest with allowance for 4-5 cultivated wheat sorts, each of which is harvested within 5 calendar days, was optimized. The third level proves the requirement of combine harvesters and transport vehicle. On the fourth level - the combinations of harvesting and transport units are optimized on the criterion of the minimum amount of the loss on the mutual expectations of harvesters and vehicles. The fifth optimization level proves the capacity of the reception station of the grain storage, where the main criterion for optimality is the least amount of losses on the mutual waiting time of the transportation vehicles, and the additional criterion is the minimum waiting time of vehicles in the queue. On the sixth and the final stage the specific annual economic effect (rub/ha or rub/t) from the implementation of the proposed technology is determined. It is established, that during the grain harvesting, transporting and processing of heap there are elementary or Poisson probability flows of requirements for service. The Representation of harvesting - transport link in the form of closed queuing system of independent harvesting unit. An approach to the justification of failure-free operation of a station for cleaning grain heap and storage of grain and chaff is presented
305 kb

OPTIMIZATION OF THE MAINTENANCE SYSTEM OF STATION AND HARVESTING UNITS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF TECHNOLOGY OF «NEVEYKA»

abstract 1241610073 issue 124 pp. 1147 – 1161 30.12.2016 ru 383
Using queuing theory (QT) for the new technology of harvesting of grain crops by the method of «Neveyka», the method of optimal designing of maintenance system and elimination of failures of units used in cleaning technology and post-harvest processing of grain has been considered. On the basis of a systematic approach, taking into account the probabilistic nature of the change of operating factors the methodical directions of validity test of the adoption of the Poisson distribution in the calculation of operating modes were substantiated to optimize maintenance level units and eliminate failures in the operation of the machines, the probability of failure-free operation of harvesting and transport aggregates. The probability of failure-free operation of each type of units used in the cleaning of grain depends on their number and intensity of service. According to the numerical value the probability of failure-free operation of units is equal to the probability of idle units for maintenance and elimination of failures. Since it is impossible to determine separately the value of the probability of failure-free operation for all types of units and all kinds of services at different operating conditions the generalized solution has been offered, this solution is applicable to any serviced unit during both the technical inspection and elimination of failures. By specifying the desired value of the probability of failure-free operation of harvesting units, according to their number we can determine the appropriate ratio between the average length of service and the average period of time between incoming service requirements (technical inspection and elimination of failures) from one unit
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