Scientific Journal of KubSAU

The methods of using geographic information systems in solving problems of monitoring of oil spills are investigated. We have proposed the model of geographic information system for monitoring, forecasting, and oil spill response

At present, the state management of labor protection in Russia adheres to the goals of harmonizing the domestic legislation with the best world practices in this field, eliminating internal contradictions in legislation and building an active management system for labor protection provided that a «favorable climate» for the conduct of business activities is provided. The regulatory and legal state regulation of labor protection forms the basis for the development and implementation of a set of measures to create conditions for maximum protection of life and health of workers. The authors consider the modern legal framework and standards in the field of management of labor protection in the organization. Reflects the changes that have occurred in the Russian labor legislation regarding the employer's duty to create and maintain a labor protection management system. The aspects of introduction of the health and safety management system are considered taking into account the requirements of the draft international standard ISO/DIS 45001 «Occupational health and safety management systems - Requirements with guidance for use». It is shown that one of the modern directions of standardization in the field of labor protection is the development of risk management and an analysis of foreign practice of legal regulation of issues in the field of occupational safety. The article is intended for specialists in documenting processes carried out implementation, operation and maintenance of a health and safety system, and on students of higher education institutions and teaching staff

The methods of changing properties of the sorbents on the basis of wastes which take a place after processing vegetal raw materials were investigated. The information about hydrophobic liquid uptake by the modified polysaccharide sorbents on the basis of corncobs was found

Currently, it is important to have a solution for problems related to the prevention of potential accidents and the minimization of technological risks, particularly in the oil and gas industry, the number of accidents in which remains at a high level. Causes of incidents and accidents at hazardous production facilities are often non-compliance with required technological parameters, insufficient equipment of the technological systems with safety devices and automated control systems of processes. The article presents a comparative analysis of the methods that can be used in identification of hazards at different stages of the life cycle of the technological object: location, design, commissioning, operation, reconstruction. In order to develop security measures for the selected plant, we have used a method of analysis hazard and operability (HAZOP). The object of the study was projected technological installation for obtaining of bitumen with 24 thousand tons per year performance on raw material. For the working group of experts we have step-described the order of research dangers of specific nodes of the process plant, including determining the adequacy of the protective measures provided by the project and the development of recommendations on elimination of the revealed deviations and to reduce the effects of their manifestation. The most harmful deviations of process parameters during operation of the installation were found. We have proposed hazard criteria of operation, taking into account the probability and severity of deviations of technological parameters. We have also confirmed that the HAZOP method allows not only to identify the causes of hazards and consequences of their implementation but also to develop recommendations for their elimination

The structural and functional properties of humic acids of different types of poorly studied soils of the Krasnodar Region: ordinary black soil or chernozem (carbonated), meadowish chernozem and gray forest soils are investigated. We define the type of humus of the soil samples studied as fulvate-humate. Using traditional indicators of humus soil conditions the regularities of soil and ecological processes involving organic matter in soils under natural and anthropogenically factorial changes in the monitoring sites are revealed. The relationship of the optical properties of humic acids with the intensity of the processes of transformation of humic substances by increasing the depth of the soil sample is shown. By NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and spectrophotometry in the visible spectrum differences and similarities in the structure of macromolecules of humic acids in soil samples. In terms of soil contamination with oil in a field experiment, on the monitoring site we have set a trend towards to redistribution in the ratio of functional groups of humic acid macromolecules: the proportion of aliphatic fragments increases. We have revealed an increase in the share of the mobile fraction of humic substances in terms of oil pollution. The article has the most suitable justification for these processes. The results can be used for prediction the environmental state of the soil under anthropogenic pollution