Name
Gоlikоv Alexey Anatоlevich
Scholastic degree
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Academic rank
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Honorary rank
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Organization, job position
Ryazan State Agrotechnological University named after P.A. Kostychev
Web site url
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Articles count: 15
We have presented the technological scheme of a dispersal device which allows to increase the efficiency of cleaning and disinfection of automotive vans with specialized solutions
This article deals with the present level of harvesting and transport operations in the production of potatoes and methods of improving the operational and technological parameters of machines with which they are carried out by introducing into their design of innovative devices
The most labor- and energy-intensive part of potato
machine production technology is harvesting which is
done mainly with harvesters. Modern potato
harvesters meet the required efficiency data in
favorable conditions. In erroneous conditions
(primarily characterized by high or low soil moisture)
the efficiency of separating the tubers from impurities
is reduced, and the loss and damage of the products
increase. This situation is due to the imperfection of
the separation device of potato harvesters. Up to 1000
tons of soil per 1 ha is separated at the separation
device in the process of harvesting. As a result, the
potato harvesters capacity on the whole is determined
by their separators output. Nowadays, rod elevators
are most widespread and used. One of the main
drawbacks is the significant increase of tubers
damage in a case of low soil moisture mainly caused
by the contact of the tubers pile with the side frames
of the harvesting machine. From the above reasoning,
one can confirm that the increase of capacity and
functioning quality of potato harvesters’ separation
devices is an urgent scientific-and-technical task of
agriculture
The effectiveness of disinfection depends on used disinfecting materials for vans, their actions and technological parameters of the installation for applying disinfectants. Hot mist generators provide uniform distribution of particles of disinfectant solution inside the van for transportation of agricultural products. The parameters of the generator of hot mist affecting the quality of disinfection were investigated. Tests were conducted for the vans used to transport agricultural products. For studies we used the vans in operation, which transport farm animals (pigs) and had been disinfected before. Sampling for the research on contamination was performed with pre-prepared swabs. Factorial experiment was planned with using scheme #32, and as a result of significant factors in the univariate experiments we set a temperature of the aerosol disinfectant solution and the duration of surface treatment. As an optimization function we have chosen disinfection efficiency of bodies of vehicles carrying agricultural products. Comparing the results of the experiments on different groups of microorganisms we have found that the optimal mode of hot mist generator with a dispersing device are: the processing time of 1 m2 - 8.5 at the processing temperature - 65º C
The mathematical model presented in this article is designed to assess the probability of occurrence probability of technological failure potato harvester according to the specific conditions and usage
This article deals with the rules of observance of agriculture technology requirements for the production of potatoes in particular. On the example of the combine PDA 1.2, we have considered the places having the greatest damaging effect on roots. One can also find a summary procedure for calculating the probability of defective products
In recent years, in many countries around the
world, much attention is paid to the issues of
ensuring of rational use of energy resources,
due to a number of objective factors, chief
among which are: the lack of own energy
resources to meet domestic energy needs; the
sharp increase in the cost of production and the
production of energy resources; further growth
in energy needs; the presence of large potential
opportunities to reduce unproductive losses of
fuel and energy. In the world, the challenge
now is to ensure a gradual but steady transfer of
the economy on energy saving way of
development. To achieve the goal of reducing
energy costs we might use two ways: firstly, the
widespread introduction of energy saving
technologies, and secondly, the reduction of
material production, improving its quality and
service. In agriculture, the improvement of the
technological process can be carried out using
new tillage methods, improving the
organization of production and tools. Further
development of mechanization in agriculture
will contribute to further growth of
electrification in the agricultural sector, which
will significantly reduce the use of the most
expensive and limited energy resources. The
article offers a technique of the estimation of
the efficiency of consumption of energy in
agricultural production. In order to compare the
efficiency of machines in the cultivation and
harvesting of potatoes, there was conducted an
energy assessment of the operations of modern
technology. As variables, there were
investigated different operation modes of the
machine: working speed and working width,
depth of stroke of the working bodies. In the
process of evaluating energy operations,
modern technology to prepare the soil for
planting potatoes was determined humidity,
mechanical composition and soil type. As a
main factor in the analysis of technological
methods, we have taken the overall specific
energy consumption and specific energy
consumption for the digging below tuber
formation. Analysis of theoretical researches of
agricultural machinery has led to the conclusion
that the energy cost of implementing the
technological process in the machines of
different designs varies
Based on the previous investigations we have underlined the need to increase fruit and vegetables preservation quality while transporting them from the producer to the consumer at the expense of improving the road transport operation for its intended purpose. We have made a conclusion about the need to develop strategies for maintenance and repair as for the actual technical state at the expense of developing the diagnosis system based on the development of a math model of changing the technical state of the diagnosis object, developing a method of rational set of objects to be diagnosed and determining the technical state optimal control frequency. We have confirmed that the above mentioned is possible when considering the system of technical operation of road transport as an organization-production system and applying the engineering-cybernetic approach to improve this system. We have considered the basic requirements for the efficiency indexes when investigating and improving the operation system that will allow achieving the aim we have had and can be described mathematically. We have made a conclusion about the urgency of the issue we studied and the possibility to develop the efficient operation system of road transport based on the provided criteria
While mechanical harvesting of potatoes, about
20-40% of the tubers get damages. Dynamic
loads, injuries of the tubers, causing internal
damage – which is browning of the flesh of the tuber, which occurs in the process of its storage.
At the same time, ways to express control of
damage to potato tubers will allow both
reducing damage during harvest, and promptly
sending damaged potatoes for recycling before
the results of mechanical stress for the tubers
during harvesting. The definition of internal
damage to the potatoes is possible because of
the analysis of the different elasticity of the
tissues of damaged and undamaged tubers. The
value of overpressure of the device is chosen
such way that during deformation of tubers
there mainly has been compression of the
damaged tissues of the tuber, with the least
turgor. The degree of damage of samples of
tubers is determined by the ratio of the volume
of damaged tissues of tubers to the total volume
of the sample. We have given the mechanical
properties of tissues of tubers, fruits and root
vegetables, their structure, dimensional
characteristics, it can be assumed that the use of
this method of determining internal damage
possible for apples, carrots, beets and harvest of
other crops. Use of damage control will enable
timely identification of hidden damage and
make it possible to eliminate their causes,
which lead to increase loss products
The research results presented in this article are intended to familiarize themselves with promising avenue to improve the quality of potato harvesters by improving the process of separation, as well as working bodies for its implementation