Scientific Journal of KubSAU

Dispersity of wastes of all productions including domestic, agricultural, industrial and violations of the natural systems which are heterogeneous and dispersed formations comprising two or more phases with the developed surface is discussed. Disperse systems of wastes are classified into true solutions, systems of finely dispersed of colloids, coarsely dispersed (mainly mineral wastes) and highly dispersed (organic waste)

Dispersed colloidal particles pertaining to positive colloids is played important role in the process of the interaction of organic wastes (sewage sludge, defeca-tion mud, chicken manure, etc.) with various wastes of mineral raw materials (phosphogypsum, lime powder, halite, etc.)

In this article, we review the influence of different pro-duction technologies for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil under alfalfa, and the impact of culture on the accumulation of nitrogen in the soil

Compound compost during its formation involving organic and mineral wastes retains the organic matter by reducing its degradation products with nitrifying and denitrifying organisms due to its economical ex-penditure of phosphorus and calcium, increased am-monia and total nitrogen, formation in the process of development of calcium sulfate with participation in its formation of residue calcium salt and ammonia

Creation of complex compost provides the inclusion of about 10 kinds of organic and mineral wastes, the management of which optimizes their unification in order to create effective compounds, which noticeably change the physical, chemical and biological complexes by enhancing their long activity (4-6 years), ranging from their introduction into the upper layer of the soil, taking into account the development of microorganisms, strengthening water-physical links, enriching chemical ones and extending biological relationships with the expansion of ecological niches

Complicated compost is used for recultivation of soils and represents a new direction in practical husbandry and ecology defining the artificial creation of complex mixtures of different wastes of industrial and agricul-tural production, as well as household residues and natural materials for the enrichment of organic and mineral dispersed and colloidal systems with purpose to improving their physical, chemical, biological and ecological functions

Balance of heavy metals in the topsoil describes their content at admission and take-out for a specific period of time. Sources of heavy metals in the soil are their admission with atmospheric precipitation, sowing material, dust, organic and mineral fertilizers, as well as other components. Take-out of elements from the soil is taken into account with a crop (grain yield of green mass, roots, etc.), as well as with the removal of water and wind erosion

In the article, the main issues of development of perennial cereals (morphology, phenology, formation of buds, physiology, biochemistry and research methods) are discussed. Peculiarities of regulation of development and the character of their evolution are considered. Problems of evolution of the cereals with widespread use of the data of Russian and foreign authors are discussed

Formation of the compound compost is due to com-pounds of mineral and organic colloids, creating new cycles biogens, enhancing the enzymatic activity of or-ganic matter, respiration of living organisms, the occur-rence of gaseous compounds, especially nitrogen, ex-panding ecological niches. Number of microbial com-munities evaluates the level transformation of organic matter, the activity life-support systems of living organ-isms. Introduction of complex compost to the soil en-hances of possibilities of ecological niches

Multicomponent compost represents a good environment for a significant number of species of living organisms and populations which produce enzymes, vitamins and other active substances. Chemical and physical properties of complicated composts are heterogeneous and polydisperse interim systems, and on the gene pool of living organisms are a rich comprehensive substratum. The heterogeneity of complicated composts of characterized by a very wide range of organisms which using animal waste and isolating of germinating seeds and spores of higher and lower plants