Scientific Journal of KubSAU

There were presented results of selection works on creation of new varieties of tomatoes

There were presented the results of bumblebee application for obtaining of hybrid seeds of tomatoes

The article presents a research of reaction of seedlings of lettuce on light duration with sodium lamps when grown in a greenhouse. It was shown that in winter conditions of the Krasnodar Region the intensity of natural light to produce quality seedlings of lettuce is insufficient and additional lighting has a significant influence on the morphology of lettuce seedlings

Photovoltaic devices are a promising solution to the energy crisis, because they generate electricity directly from sunlight, without producing CO2. While color-sensitized batteries are the most studied element, mainly due to its low cost and high efficiency solar energy conversion into electricity. Until recently, the color-sensitized solar cells performance was less than 1%, however, the use of titanium dioxide as the anode material have greatly raised their efficiency. The advantages of titanium dioxide is primarily in the low cost, but its use provides high light capture efficiency, with external quantum efficiency (efficiency incident photon - charge), usually in the range of 60-90% using nanocrystal forms in comparison with

The article presents results of the six-year study of the effect of stocks Berlandieri × Riparia Kober 5BB and Chasselas × Berlandieri 41B on yield, quality of grapes and wine Rkatsiteli in the central zone of the Krasnodar region. Effect of stock on the scion strongly depends on the annual weather conditions. In a given year, there is a stock, better adapted to the weather conditions. Stocks of Chasselas × Berlandieri 41B increases winter hardiness variety Rkatsiteli. On average, during six years the stocks have not been resulted in significant difference between the percentages of developed into shoots buds and fertile shoots shown in the coefficients of fruiting and fruitbearing shoots Rkatsiteli. Among all the influencing factors, the degree of influence of stocks is 0.1-0.4%. Some differences in forming of generative organs of wintering buds along the fruiting twig under the influence of stocks do not lead to significant differences in biological terms of fruiting varieties in the whole piece. On average, six years of significant difference in the effect of stocks on the average weight of the bunches, and the yield is not defined - the degree of influence of rootstocks on mentioned indicators is 0,1-2,1%. A significant impact of stocks on the dynamics of sugar accumulation in berries has not been discovered. The degree of influence of stocks on to the final sugar content and acidity of berries is 0.3 and 14.5%, respectively. The wine produced from Rkatsiteli berries on a stock Berlandieri × Riparia Kober 5BB has the better tasting score than on the stock Chasselas × Berlandieri 41B (7.5 and 7.4 points, respectively). The main influence on fruiting of the variety Rkatsiteli was provided by the conditions of the current and previous vegetation. Within the conditions of the central zone of the Krasnodar region the cultivating of the variety Rkatsiteli is reasonable for both studied stocks

In the conditions of the Krasnodar region, we consider the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of seeds obtained when using different schemes of organization of hybrid seed production of squash in the Krasnodar region. As a result of studying various techniques in the production of hybrid seed of summer squash, we have established the effectiveness of using open pollination, and assessed the approbation of the signs of F1 hybrid plants obtained under different schemes of organization of hybrid seed production of squash

At present, the demand of producers and the market determine the model of future varieties. Task for breeders is to develop varieties having a set of economic and biological traits fitting into the model templates. The developed varieties and hybrids should ensure for climatic conditions of the Krasnodar region consistently high yields, better product quality and maximum efficiency of crop industry. As a result of breeding work there was developed a watermelon variety called Yubilyar, belonging to medium-ripening group, having high figures of economically valuable traits. The variety has resistance to unfavorable factors of growing conditions and stable yields. It is suitable for cultivation in rainfed areas and practically does not require protective measures against major diseases prevalent in the southern regions. Fruits are large, of wide elliptical shape, with bright crispy red flesh and a thin crust. Determined by stable fruiting under different weather conditions, friendly yield return, commercial fruits – up to 92%. Potential yield – up to 25 t/ha. Good stored for 40-50 days, suitable for transportation on a long distance. Passed preliminary tests on the fields in the Krasnodar, Rostov regions and the Republic of North Ossetia. According to results of evaluation from producers the variety meets requirements of the market and has a commercial appeal

Protected soil of Russia which has been stagnant for a long time began to expand actively and to modernize. The State Program of protected soil development for 2015-2016 promotes it, according to which every year it is planned to introduce 200 – 215 ha of modern industrial greenhouses. There was set the task of production of 1 mln. tons of greenhouse vegetables by the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia to 2020. Existing greenhouses of the IV generation of the type "Venlo" takes about 2.2 hectares in the country and are successfully used by producers of vegetables, obtaining in a year-round period 700 – 720 thousand tons of vitamin production. At present time the special attention of greenhouse owners is paid to greenhouses of the V generation of the system UltraClima, ModulAIR, in which we modernized the system of microclimate parameter management allowing to eliminate the critical periods of management by thermal isolation in the second part of May to the end of summer. The offered systems allow essentially economizing energy expenses, considerably to increase the profitability of vegetable production at the expense of management by growth’s processes and plant development. The innovation solutions in a greenhouse construction on the example of the first Russian greenhouse with the system UltraClima constructed in the Lipetsk region are discussed in this article. There was shown the characteristic of a new analogous development of Russian engineers having a number of advantages in comparison with UltraClima

The aim of this work is to study the strength and the direction of the influence of morphological and biochemical properties of tomatoes on the quantitative, qualitative, financial and economic results of their cultivation and the degree of determinism of these results. Achieving this goal is of great scientific and practical interest for scientists, breeders and vegetable growers-practitioners. This allows breeders to obtain new high-performance varieties of tomato hybrids, and farms to choose hybrids, the cultivation of which is most effective from a financial and economic point of view. To achieve this goal, we use automated system-cognitive analysis (ASC-analysis) and its software tool which is the intelligent system called "Eidos". A numerical example based on real data on tomato hybrids has been considered in detail

The review article describes the role of tomato gene mutations in the creation of new cultivars and hybrids suitable for mechanized harvesting. The work gives characteristic of different genes associated with morphological characteristics of tomato plants, types of fruit (flower) brush and peduncle. The genes controlling the shape and size of the fruit, its resistance to cracking and mechanical effects are noted, the value of these genes for the breeding of machine cultivars and hybrids is shown. The article emphasizes the need to create new cultivars and hybrids of tomato suitable for mechanized harvesting with high quality fruits, evenly colored, without green spots at the base, corresponding to the basic requirements of the processing industry. The figures illustrate gene mutants that are of the greatest interest for the breeding of cultivars, suitable for mechanized harvesting