Scientific Journal of KubSAU

The article presents the results of studies of 92 indigenous varieties and 15 wild genotypes by 24 microsatellite markers. As a result a locus database about germplasm in the collection stored at the Russian ampelographical collection AZOSViV (Anapa Zone Experimental Station of Viticulture and winemaking) was created. During the research of varietal breeding populations confirmed the validity in the production of the cultivar of Krasnostop anapsky with obvious changes in microsatellite sequences as a clone of famous indigenous Don cultivar Krasnostop Zolotovskii. This clone was selected in 1953 by prominent agrotechnologist Zotkin Ivan Ivanovich which is propagated by the author and his followers, and after a formal registration submitted to state testing in 2007 in GSK RF, zoned in the North Caucasus region (number 6) in 2014 year. Sort -clone Krasnostop anapsky only in the Kuban today cultivating in 35 hectares. By using molecular genetic techniques, now clonal selection of vine grapes is reasonably improving. Recent data collected by us in the work process, were analyzed a comprehensive manner, making it possible to draw conclusions about distinctness of grape varieties. Some clones were studied by DNA primers, based on retrotransposon sequences

The article presents the structural and phylogenetic analysis of VIT_02s0033g00410, VIT_02s0033g00390 and VIT_02s0033g00450 genes of the grapevine genome and the closely related orthologous gene MYB114 of the Arabidopsis genome. These genes are responsible for the biosynthesis of anthocyanin in the organs of model plants and are of interest not only for practical production and breeding, but also for fundamental research. These genes were analyzed for GCcomposition of nucleotides, the presence of cisregulatory elements and promoter regions. DNA and protein sequences were aligned to look for similar elements, which allowed further analysis of the ultraconservative domains of four genes. Based on the results of search and identification of the conservative regions, a cluster tree was constructed, which made it possible to identify the separation of gene sidelines from, presumably, the main one. At the same time, the construction of consensus trees based on DNA and protein sequences revealed their absolute similarity. "The Minimal Evolution Tree" allowed calculating the approximate dates of the appearance of the mutations and the divergence times of the gene branches between each other. At the same time, the appearance of the Vitis genus and its separation from the Rosales was taken as the time first divergence point. In the end, homologous metabolic pathways were searched between grapevine and Arabidopsis, which revealed the presence of homologous proteins in the grape proteome. In this turn, it already confirms the existence of similar biosynthetic pathways and, as a consequence, interactions such as "DNA-protein" and "protein-protein"

The analysis of genetic polymorphisms of 12 autochthonous grape varieties grown in the National ampelographic collection of Russia (Anapa district of the Krasnodar region) through the study of allelic diversity at six microsatellite loci: VRZAG79, VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD27, VRZAG62, VVS2 has been done. We have found that all native varieties have a unique set of allele. The assessment of genetic relationships varieties has been performed using cluster analysis. Data for DNA certification of the investigated genotypes of the grapes has also been obtained in the article

In this article we have described a study of genotyping of new three productive wine grapes protoclones: Rhine Rieslin, Verdot black and Johanniter

In the article we have studied 55 aboriginal varieties, collected in the North Caucasus. We have described allelic diversity and identified four haplotypes. All the populations were closely related while being examined using a factor of Nei's genetic distance (Dn), with the exception of indigenous varieties of Armenia. Maximum differences have been found between the Uzbek population and Astrakhan, Turkmenian, Armenian populations. The most genetically rich were the population of Don area and Krasnodar region

The analyze of the genetic relationship or diversity between clones was made by using the microsatellites in the groups with black berries: Cabernet-Sauvignon and Merlot, and with white berries: Riesling and Pinot. These results become the rationale for the new technology of clone selection, breeding and making registration of these clones of four above-named varieties groups in the varieties-clones for state research: Cabernek, Cabernet Fanogoriisky, Merlok, Pinot white, Rieslinalk, Riesling Anapa and Riesling Fanogoriisky. These varieties-clones are accepted by State commission of Russia, they will enrich the viticulture assortment of Anapa-Tamanskay zone of Kuban, therefore Russia

In this article we have described our work on genotyping of new ten productive wine grape protoclones

Extraction of the DNA from leaves of genus Vitis is a very difficult task, as a grape has a lot of elements, which make difficult to use it in the genetic manipulation. In that article used the methods of extraction of the DNA with silica (SiO2) particles as the absorbent material for getting better quality DNA

Two methods were used for DNA extraction from herbarium leaves of two subspecies: V. vinifera subsp. sativa D.C. и Vitis vinifera ssp. silvestris Gmel. DNA extraction is difficult from herbarium leaves plants because of the presence of metabolites that interfere with DNA isolation procedures and downstream applications such as DNA restriction, amplification, and cloning. The quality of DNA was checked on a spectrophotometer by measuring the level of absorption at A260/280 nm. The results showed the successful extraction from mature and dried leaves of DNA when using the СТАB-method №2. Another method hasn’t shown satisfactory results in amplification of DNA

Vitis vinifera subsp. silvestris Gmel. is the wild subspecies of Vitis vinifera L. and an important source of genetic resources for grapes breeding. Currently, this form is very rare in the world. In this paper, conducted the first study of wild grapes which was found in the North Caucasus with the use of two microsatellite markers. The study have shown a high level of genetic diversity: intrapopulation variability was 75,2%, the interpopulation variability accounts was 24,8%. All populations are characterized by certain unique genetic structure and may be as donor of resistance genes which have a long-term evolutionary selection