Scientific Journal of KubSAU

The article discusses the use of system approach in the disclosure of the mechanisms of systems organization as holistic entities. If the system obeys a normal distribution, it is influenced by accidental factors; therefore, it becomes less predictable and less controllable. Combining elements of the system in the first place means the establishment of relations between them and the appearance of integrity. As a necessary formal feature of the consistency (integrity) of the studied object we can use a Zipf-distribution. The presence of this regularity is a necessary condition for the existence of the system, and failure to do so means that is considered not an integral object, and some combination of spontaneously selected elements. Object is not an integral system in case of failure to do so means, but rather some combination random selected elements. The article presents the results of the use of methods of ranking analysis and mathematical statistics to assess the integrity of economic objects and to check their consistency. For analysis were used data on the sown area of 30 major crops for the period 1999-2015 years. Ranking distribution was built for the average values of acreage of crops, and it is fairly well described by a hyperbolic distribution, 73.5 percent of the cases the changes in the dependent variable depend on changes in explanatory variables. A deeper statistical analysis was conducted to test the joint implementation of the two hypotheses, first, that the data set does not obey the normal distribution law and, secondly, that the data are significantly interrelated, allows to make a statement about the affiliation of the studied General population data on the planting acreage of crops statistics Zipf-type. All the coefficients are statistically significant

This article investigates the essence and structure of food balance sheets, their role in the assessment of the food security of the country, methodological aspects of forecasting of food balance sheets

The article explores the problems of improving the efficiency of supply and sales activities of agricultural producers; the set of events to improve the efficiency of supply and sales activities is presented by three main groups, the first of which is associated with the development of infrastructure support (it extends the opportunities of economic entities by selecting the best channels and timing of the implementation of the production and acquirement of resources), the second is associated with the development of the sale and supply cooperatives (it allows you to consolidate your interests, to minimize distribution costs and provides more favorable conditions of realization of production and purchase of material resources), the third is associated with the increase of management efficiency of supply and sales activities (it ensures the growth of efficiency and quality of the most adopted managerial decisions, minimizes risks and mistakes in the choice of behavior model an economic entity on the market) it justifies the thesis that the increase in the efficiency of the supply and sale activities at the economic entity level resulted from the development of information system management, eventually, will bring additional direct and indirect economic benefits is justified, the methodology of the basis of optimal logistics centers' network that implements potato storage and pre-sale preparation functions, which at the first stage involves defining the volume of commercial potato in terms of districts, at the second stage - justifying potentially advantageous placement of logistics centers taking into account the location of transport hubs and the production volume of potato in the surrounding areas, at the third stage - working out of the economic and mathematical model for optimization of logistics centers taking into account the different level of security requirements storages while minimizing traffic volumes of potatoes put in storage

The article examines methodological provisions accounting for the development of methodologies for the foundation of agricultural activity assumption at the regional level. The article also describes the content of this methodology and the stages of its development (development and realization of economic and mathematical model for optimization of sectoral structure of regional agricultural sector, definition of sectoral structure of agricultural sector when macroeconomic conditions are improved (optimistic scenario) and when they are declined (pessimistic scenario); substantiation of need in regular and seasonable employees in agricultural organizations and farm households according to each of the scenarios above; identification of the level of population’s self-employment in farm households on the basis of changes in demographic structure of rural population and their labour activity). The article indicates the fact that method of exponential smoothing with dampen trend have been used for substantiation of restriction volumes of crop acres and livestock number according to each way of development and households of various types, the results of prediction calculations for agricultural organizations, farm households and households of population are supplied according to inertial, pessimistic and optimistic scenarios, forecast of rural population employment in agricultural organizations and farm sector and self-employment in farm households as well have been done, the results of assessment of opportunities for growth non-agricultural employment of population, made upon the basis of survey of 40 heads of rural settlements of the Voronezh region. Furthermore the conclusions about prospective changes of level of rural population employment from the stand point of broaden options of their economic interest realizations are supplied

This article explains the relevance of evaluation of agricultural growth, which can be achieved through the implementation of agricultural sectors’ innovative potential. The opportunities of agricultural growth are defined by the set of macroeconomic, sectoral and regional factors as well as the type of enterprises that have different levels of innovative susceptibility. The authors give an overview of the main methods of social and economic forecasting and justify the choice of the ARIMA (Autoregressive integrated moving average) as a tool for forecasting regional development of agriculture. The article presents the experts’ estimatesbased values of integrated indicators of agricultural exogenous factors and the ARIMA-parameters based on the use of these indicators for time series prediction of agricultural production in the Amur region. The authors conclude that the time series ARIMA-model of the gross agricultural production, taking into account the influence of innovation potential factors, demonstrate a good approximation to the Amur region data. This article also compares the forecasts of agricultural production on inertial and innovative scenario for the Amur region, and provides an estimation of innovation potential growth of the agricultural branches

The article considers the issues of providing the competitiveness of small business forms in the agricultural sector and it justifies the directions of its improvement through the development of the government politics in respect of the subjects of small agribusiness, competitive environment, territorial and sectoral linkages, elements of organizational-economic mechanism, production systems and improving the competitiveness of products

The article deals with ways of improving of organization of the transport support activities for integrated agricultural companies

The article defines the exchange in the reproduction process of the place, as well as expanded function of the market as the main institutional forms of organization of exchange relations. It is noted that the integration of economic entities in the sphere of exchange has been carried out within the framework of conducting marketing and supply activities and the consolidation of economic agents' interests within the boundaries of the localized economic spaces of different level; we have also disclosed the contents and functions of supply and marketing activities, considered the feasibility of establishing in the economic entities of different types of units, specializing in the implementation of the functions of logistics and sales, as the basic principles of the organization of supply and marketing activity stand out the principles of planning synchronization, the principle of efficiency, efficiency, centralization and technology. It is stated that the composition and functions of the system supply and marketing activities of business entities are formed under the influence of a set of external and internal factors, and the choice of models for organizing supply and marketing activities significantly affected the quality of the competitive environment as the main factors influencing on the strategy and tactics of supply and marketing activities, highlighted the level of development of the market infrastructure and the level of development of the economic entity; it is argued that the level of complexity of the system supply and marketing activities is determined by the positioning of the business entity in the local markets, the level of competitiveness and development strategy, management system - marketing activity is seen as a complex hierarchical structure, where the main actors are: the state, regional authorities and market agents, rational interaction between the levels which can be achieved only if the optimal combination of the methods of state regulation of the economy and market mechanisms of self-regulation of economic systems at all levels

The article considers the main principles of the system approach and their use in the general disclosure mechanisms in the organization of the systems as holistic entities. Ontological and epistemological lines of the concept of the system and highlights the main properties of systems are reflected. Since the system acts as a form of organization of tangible and intangible objects, integrity is determined as the necessary property of sustainable living systems. The concept of sustainability from the point of view of general systems theory is considered, its types are distinguished. Features of the economic systems and the specificity of the concept of their stability is described. It is marked that the majority of biological, technical, economic and other complex systems are characterized by non-Gaussian distribution and as a necessary formal feature of consistency (integrity) of the studied object the presence Zipf-distribution in the population can be used. Differences between the coenoses from deterministic systems and probabilistic objects are marked. Procedures performed in the course of the ranking analysis and the theoretical aspects of optimization of cenoses by holding an item or parametric optimization are considered. The proposals on the use of ranking analysis and rank distributions that are widely used for the study of technocenoses, in the research process and the formation of economic systems are promoted