Scientific Journal of KubSAU

In this article the authors have proposed a process and arrangement for recycling in the poultry farms of the Krasnodar region of chicken manure and release of mineral fertilizers, аs well as the analysis of existing Russian technologies and devices for drying chicken manure. The study proposed a technology and apparatus for drying chicken manure to not only provide a significant deal of capital investments, but also cut energy costs by the proposed method and apparatus, as well as improving the quality of the finished product (chicken manure). In the method of drying chicken droppings produced removing mechanical impurities, mixing, drying and grinding of the hot gases, wherein the starting slurry is transported in a horizontal direction opposite to the flow direction of the hot gases while performing a gradual heating it with simultaneous comminution and mixing, and then after reaching the zone of maximum temperatures for each of the size fractions of the suspension is achieved by turning its direction on 180ºÐ¡ and then transported in a direction coinciding with the direction of flow of the hot gases by carrying out the gradual cooling of the heat transfer starting product. We have also presented norms of dry chicken manure application under agricultural crops in the Krasnodar region

The article has revealed the contradiction between the way of technological impact and the means of implementation of technological transport in existing processes of feed preparation. There has been shown the possibility of eliminating this contradiction by menus of completely new technological equipment on the basis of relative screw drums and the opportunity to improve their productivity. There are no exciters in the offered design of vibrating machines. There is no need for them because the move mend of mass loading particles is provided by the original constructions of relative screw drums committing a rotary motion around its own axis. For implementing of feed preparation process the geometry of the relative screw drum and its dynamism must be individual: the shape, spatial orientation, the impact of forces providing feed components particles simultaneously with rotational-translational and vibrational motion. In the result, the continuously running through the inner cavity of the relative screw drum particles of feed components perform rotational-translational movements with super imposed vibrations inside this drum, due to this process the particles of feed components are mixed intensively

It is shown that for preparation of the concentrated forages it is expedient to use the vibration principle of mixing with use of big amplitudes of movements of components of forages from 10 to 500 mm. and more which can be done when using relative screw drums at the expense of the flat or curvilinear elements which are discretely located on perimeter of a relative screw drum placed on perimeter at an angle not only to an axis of rotation of a relative screw drum, but also to each other, the difficult spatial movement with a big amplitude of movements from 10 to 500 mm is reported to particles of components of forages. Possibility of creation of resource-saving technologies and the equipment for mixing of components of forages is shown. Earlier it was limited to low intensity of the proceeding processes and localization in a limited zone, and also small sizes of amplitudes of fluctuations in known designs. In the offered designs of the equipment for mixing of components of forages the movement of particles of components of forages is provided with an original design of working bodies – the relative screw drums making only a rotary motion round own axis. The difficult spatial movement with a big amplitude from 10 to 500 mm and more, is reported to particles of components of forages by walls of a relative screw drum of various standard sizes and configurations which becomes complicated screw lines and screw surfaces directed towards to each other on perimeter of a screw drum therefore process duration ranging from 1,5 min. till 1.75 min. is sufficient for high-quality mixing of particles of components of forages in a relative screw drum

The article presents the results of the analytical research of the movement of components of forages in screw drums on the example of relative reels of Rts7.1.A and Rts5.1a having the next feature: on the perimeter, we have obviously expressed conditionally cylindrical screw lines formed. The carried-out analysis of the movement of particles of components of forages in relative screw drums and the executed review of mathematical models in relation to the movement of components of forages in relative screw drums, including a model of a continuous stream of particles of components of forages, a model of power balance of the movement of a continuous stream of particles of components of forages, a model of the movement of components of forages as a material point has been shown. Analytical dependences for determination of longitudinal speed of movement of components of forages and the length of a relative screw drum are presented. The article examines specified settlement models of the movement of components of forages in relative screw drums

The article presents the results of studying of prospects of use of the relative screw and combined drums in agro-industrial complex. The developed and approved classification of the relative screw and combined drums has been shown in expanded form. The kinds of the equipment on the basis of the relative screw and combined drums making a rotary motion in which the oscillating motion with a big amplitude, only at the expense of an original spatial form of their internal surfaces is reported to subjects of processing are presented. In such devices, there are no vibroactivators. Equipment samples in which the relative screw and combined drums aren't rotated are also presented. They are fixed elastically on the bed and are supplied with vibroactivators. During the operation of the vibroactivator, processing subjects in such cars, as a result of the circulating movement in the relative screw and combined drums in the planes, perpendicular axes of their symmetry, receive the additional movement from the walls of drums of various geometrical forms inclined to each other

The article presents the experience of creation of the equipment on the basis of the relative screw and combined drums providing highly effective technological processes, because for such drums it is characteristic not only creation of fluctuations to processing subjects with an amplitude of movement of 15-1000 mm and more, but also the opportunity to operate oscillatory process, changing transport or technological effect. Therefore, works on creation of the equipment, for realization of such technological processes, are extremely important and actual for dehydration of manure, drying of chicken dung, and for preseeding processing of seed material. We present kinds of the equipment in which vibroactivators are absent. Equipment samples in which relative screw and combined drums aren't rotated are also presented. They are fixed elastically on a bed and are supplied with vibroactivators. In such devices during the operation of the vibroactivator, processing subjects as a result of the circulating movement in the relative screw and combined drums in the planes, perpendicular axes of their symmetry, receive the additional movement from the walls of drums of various geometrical forms inclined to each other

The article reveals a possibility of using equipment based on relative screw and combined drums for mixing of bulks. Change of relative positioning of flat elements of sidewalls of internal surfaces in relative screw drums allows operating the difficult and spatial movement of streams of bulks. In relative screw drums we have developed effective processes of mixing and sets of the equipment, which are characterized by that fact the difficult and spatial screw movement taking place in relative screw drums is dismembered on rather simple, in the kinematic relation, in the movements. The difficult and spatial screw movement with a big amplitude of 15-1000 mm and more, in the offered equipment constructions on the basis of relative screw or combined drums, is reported to bulks by elements of the relative screw or combined drums of various parameters and configurations which becomes complicated also screw lines on perimeter of a relative screw drum with various number of calling and the directions from each other or rounds of the springs fixed in the relative combined drums

The article presents results of the study of devices for preparation of feed based on the relative helical drums. In addition, we have created a method of calculation of the drive, including motor power. We have given a calculation sheet for relative helical drums of types of 5.1 and 3.1, as well as typical schemes of devices for preparation of feed (feed-making machines) composed of hollow equilateral triangular of hollow tetrahedrons pyramids and hollow octahedra. The created method of calculation of the drive was tested in the calculation of power consumption of feed-making machines based on spiral reels of 5.1 type mounted using hollow tetrahedrons and spiral reels of 3.1 type, assembled from hollow octahedra. It is shown that in the calculation of the actuator, we should not only take into account the mass loading of feed components, the relative weight of the screw drum assembled with wheels, for a symmetrical load location, but also a lot of download components of feeds, arranged in a spiral relative the drum asymmetrically to the axis of rotation. Thus, summing up the power of the electric motor, required for relative rotation of the screw drum symmetrically loaded and also under asymmetric load we define the motor power for the device for preparation of feed, or feed-making machine

The authors have developed and manufactured a large number of different designs of relative helical drums for mixing animal feed. We have conducted 749 field experiments with the drums of the 10 different designs with different parameters modes of operation. In all experiments, we measured the quality of the feed mixture. However, directly based on empirical data, rational choice of design features and parameters of the operation modes of the reels is not possible. For this, you must first develop a model reflecting these empirical data. The construction of meaningful analytical models of different types of drums is a difficult and demanding scientific task, the complexity of which is due to the large variety and complexity of forms of drums and their mode of usage, a large number of diverse physical factors affecting the processes in the drum. As a consequence, the development of analytical models associated with a large number of simplifying assumptions that reduce their versatility and reliability. Therefore, it is important to search of a mathematical method and software tools provide a quick and simple for the user to identify and influence the design of the drum and the parameters of the operating modes on the quality of the feed mixture directly on the basis of empirical (experimental) data. The work proposes a solution to this problem with the use of a new universal innovative method of artificial intelligence: automated system-cognitive analysis (ASC-analysis) and its programmatic Toolkit – universal cognitive analytical system called "Eidos". In the system of "Eidos" we have implemented a software interface that provides direct input into the system large amounts of empirical data from Excel file. Created on their basis in the system of "Eidos" system-cognitive model allows the visual form to reflect the effect of the structure of the drum and the parameters of the operating modes on the quality of the resulting feed mixture and to develop on this basis the science-based and appropriate recommendations for the rational choice of design features and parameters of the modes relative to the screw drums. We have also given a numerical example

Analytical research results of contact forces of interaction of concentrated forages components’ particles in their movement in relative screw drums are presented. It is shown that contact forces – the most difficult forces by their nature; result from stochastic (probable) collision of bulks particles and in particular of concentrated forages components’ particles. Therefore the main objective of this modeling – to describe the stochastic phenomena of the so-called conditional contacts of particles for which some assumptions are accepted, for example, in forcing of mass of concentrated forages components’ particles by the walls of the rotating relative screw drum in the radial direction there will simultaneously arise contacts caused by geometry of a screw drum, i.e. the property of its walls is pressure transfer in relation to the mass of particles in the direction of the modeled movement. Schemes of engagement of concentrated forages components’ particles contacting in the relative screw drum, the probable schedule of sliding speeds values change in their consecutive contacting, their density distribution are demonstrated