Name
Slavyanov Andrey Stanislavovich
Scholastic degree
•
Academic rank
associated professor
Honorary rank
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Organization, job position
Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Web site url
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Articles count: 14
The main factors influencing the innovative
development of the domestic science-intensive sector of
the economy, were identified and studied in the work.
The authors singled out two groups of factors, internal
and external, determining their composition and
interrelationship. The paper focuses on one of the
segments of the knowledge-intensive market of
products and services - space activities. In the postwar
period, Russia firmly maintained leadership in virtually
all areas of the industry, however, economic and
political reforms intensified the negative impact of
financial and economic factors, which significantly
retarded the technological development of the space
industry. The paper studies the influence of
environmental, technological, financial, economic and
other factors affecting the development of knowledgebased
enterprises. A graphical and economicmathematical
multi-factor model for the innovative
development of knowledge-intensive enterprises
involved in the implementation of space programs is
constructed. The methods of expert assessments
determined the influence of each factor on the
development of space activities: - the production of
launch vehicles, space vehicles, ground-based space
technology and the provision of services. The received
estimations of influence of factors will find application
at formation of programs of innovative development of
the high technology enterprises
In this work, prerequisites of processes of globalization
of economies which source, according to authors, is the
scientific and technological revolution of the XVIIIXIX
century of century are considered. Dissemination
of new technologies led to the international labor
division, and emergence of information technologies
promoted to increase in speed of communications,
deleting of economic borders between the countries. A
specific place in processes of globalization is held by
space technologies by means of which there was a
possibility of exchange of information between various
consumers and the companies, which are in the
different countries and continents. Based on the carriedout
analysis, it is revealed that in the conditions of
globalization pressure of group of industrially
developed countries upon the rest of the world for the
purpose of imposing of a certain model of their
existence by the rest amplifies. The tool in competition
are new technologies which help to drive the national
companies out of the local markets. A special role in the
course of globalization is played by information and
space technologies of communication and broadcasting.
Only competitive hi-tech productions focused on
perspective technological ways can resist to influence
of the international corporations. According to authors,
distribution of innovative technologies has to contribute
to the uniform development of all countries, formation
of the multipolar world, the excluding domination of
any country or the international group
Unfavorable changes in exchange rates, sanctions restrictions on the supply to Russia of spare parts necessary for the repair and maintenance of previously imported equipment have led to a significant reduction in the service life of imported machinery and equipment. For the solution, the authors propose to implement the strategy of retro-innovations providing the development of new technologies maintaining in working condition of machinery and equipment in conditions of shortage of spare parts and consumables. To do this, it is necessary to develop technologies for the restoration of complex technical devices in order to extend their service life under the restrictions created by the financial market and sanctions policy. The study of the problem was carried out on the example of the operation of trucks of foreign production, the evaluation of engine life and analyzed the structure of the market. On the basis of the obtained results, a model was proposed, on the basis of which it is possible to form a plan for the production of spare parts for high-quality engine repair by domestic enterprises. The strategy of retro-innovations does not solve all the problems of import substitution, but it allows to increase the level of economic security of strategically important economic activities, it creates jobs and provides an opportunity to significantly extend the life of expensive and complex technical devices
The article considers the problem of increasing the efficiency of budget expenditures due to the transfer of military technology to the civilian sector of the economy. An analysis of foreign experience has shown that private companies are widely involved in a number of states to solve some of the infrastructure problems in the military sphere. In the USA, private companies provide communications and provide other information services to state power structures, which makes it possible to develop private business on the one hand and save budget expenses on the other. An analysis of domestic experience has shown that the use of military technologies for the production of civilian products and services in some cases can significantly save time and other resources. A model for the interaction of civilian companies with the defense complex and a diffusion model of military technologies have been developed. The article proposes creation of new structures that solve the problems of adapting military technologies to the requirements of civilian customers, as well as a database of adapted technologies and a technical investment center that supports small and medium-sized enterprises in the acquisition of equipment and technical documentation. The authors believe that the approaches proposed in the article to solving the problem of technology transfer will stimulate innovative activity in the country, reduce import dependence and increase the efficiency of budget expenditures