Scientific Journal of KubSAU

The article deals with the complex and important problem related to the investigation of extortion. From a legal point of view, extortion is the demand of a transfer of someone’s property, rights to the property or some other actions connected with the property, which is accompanied by various threats of violence, destruction of property or spreading of information defaming the victim or his relatives. Extortion refers to latent crimes. Investigation of extortion is complicated because of the high level of professionalism and thorough preparation of the accused. The number of criminal groups using extortion as the main source of their income is increasing. To select the best way of obtaining information concerning past events, an investigator develops crime investigation procedure. The article analyzes the concepts of "investigation procedure" and "programming", the stages of the criminalistic routine development are pointed out. Dealing with extortion classification of preliminary investigation procedures is an important condition for their development, which allows to distinguish homogeneous groups and to develop criminalistic routine. Based on the typical investigative situations at the initial stage of investigation of extortion we have proposed some investigation procedures. The set of all procedural actions and recommendations that need to be implemented in the course of the investigation, forms investigation program

This article discusses the organizational and tactical features of the aircraft accident site examination. For successful solution of the problems which the investigator faces: for a quick and thorough crime detection, exposure of guilty persons and their fair sentencing, the investigator should clearly understand what circumstances are to be ascertained and proved in a particular case. The aircraft accident site examination is primary and necessary investigative activity. Success of the investigation of aircraft accidents, which are often accompanied by human deaths, depends on the efficient accident site examination. Very often, seemingly identical situations are generated by different causes and require an individual approach. To choose the best way of discovering past events the investigator should consider the organizational and tactical features in the course of crime scene examination. To carry out the efficient accident site examination, experts in the field of aeronautical engineering, a forensic expert or a doctor as well as a specialist of forensic units for the production of photo and video at the crash site should be involved. It is necessary to fix and remove the traces and other evidence, and the obtained data must be recorded in the accident site examination report

As a part of the investigation carried out in the course of the investigation of crimes, a confrontation is very important. This article reveals the essence of the scientific production of the confrontation, the object and purpose of which is to establish the truth in the case. The investigator, in accordance with the Article 192 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation has the right to decide on proceeding a confrontation, in cases when previously there were significant differences. In conducting confrontation, there are confirmed correct versions and the versions denied by others, it turns out the real facts of the case and eliminates significant contradictions in the testimony of previously interrogated persons. By making the decision to produce a confrontation, the investigator must be confident in the ability of the participant, who gave truthful testimony, to withstand the psychological pressure. This party should be prepared to create his "immunity" against future attempts to influence the other party to persuade to change readings, etc. Before the production of a confrontation, the investigator must draw up a plan in which the questions are formulated. Then prioritize questioning of participants of confrontation and identify tactics that can be applied in the course of its production. The investigator prepares a space for the production of confrontation, and audio, photo and video equipment. Different violations, errors during the confrontation, have the ultimate impact on the overall result of the preliminary investigation of a specific criminal case. In this regard, clarification of the nature of the confrontation has not only theoretical but also practical importance