Name
Lukyanov Aleksey Aleksandrovich
Scholastic degree
•
Academic rank
—
Honorary rank
—
Organization, job position
The state scientific institution Anapsky zone experimental station of wine growing and winemaking of the NCZSRIGandW of the Russian academy of agricultural sciences
Web site url
—
Articles count: 5
The work presents the results of the scientific research in
the Taman Peninsula soil properties. We carry out the
historic review of the studies in the Taman Peninsula
soils, and its geological structure. We present
morphological characteristics of the soil profile for the
southern, calcareous, ultra heavy loam chernozem
developed from the loessial loams and forming genetic
horizons. The studies of the humus content in the soils
show the associations between its percentage and the
type and intensity of the agricultural use. Studies of the
soils structure and composition demonstrate marked
aggravation of the soils physical properties caused by
grape growing. The best results of the particle size
analysis have been achieved for the woodland soils. In
woodlands, after their establishment, the soils under the
grass and crown layers develop free of the
anthropogenic impact. We register self-supporting
growth of organic matter and natural processes of soil
fertility recovery; therefore, such soils are characterized
with a greater content of organic matter as compared to
the soils under grape plantings cultivated in the
monoculture regime. Reduced soil organic matter
(humus) content in vineyards results from the disturbed
biological interchange of the matter and increased
anthropogenic impact causing erosion processes
The ecological state of soil on the globe is unstable.
Intensification of agricultural production is
accompanied by negative trends in changes in soil
fertility. One of the most important indicators of soil
fertility is its structural state. With a long time
cultivation of grapes in one place, the physical
properties of the soil deteriorate. The purpose of our
research is to study the process of destruction of soil
structure during the cultivation of vineyards. The
object of research is the soils of plots of various
agricultural uses (vineyards, field crop rotation, forest
belts). The research methods used in the work are
route-field surveys, a laboratory study of the waterphysical
properties of the soil. The article presents the
data of the structural-aggregate composition of the soil
from plots of various agricultural uses. From the data
given, it can be seen that the soil occupied by the vine
plantations is characterized by a poor structure and low
structure of the arable horizon. The share of
agronomically valuable aggregates is 40.4%, the
structural coefficient is 0.68 units, while in the forest
belt this figure is 5.7 units. The increased mechanical
load on the soil during the cultivation of vineyards
leads to a deterioration in the physical properties of the
soil. Soil with low indicators of physical condition is
more susceptible to erosion processes, such as water
and wind erosion. Water erosion annually causes great
damage to agricultural lands throughout the world. The
article clearly demonstrates and scientifically
substantiated the negative effect of the system of soil
content of vineyards on the type of black steam. Also
proposed are ways to reduce the mechanical load on
the soil and prevent the development of degradation
processes in the soils of vineyards
Grapes are product of areas. Grape plant is very plastic
and can grow on almost all types of soils except highly
saline, fusion and wetlands. In studies of many
authors, it was indicated the influence of different soil
types and their properties on the growth of the vine
plants, the quality of berries and their products. The
object of study is soils and vines growing on them,
laws and processes affecting the formation of grape
production. Research methods are expeditions, field
and laboratory. The article presents data on the effect
of agrochemical soil properties (pH, solid residue, the
amount of aqueous extract ions, chlorine ions,
alkalinity (НSO3¯), calcium ion, magnesium ion, total
carbonate, active carbonates, nitrate nitrogen, mobile
phosphorus, exchangeable potassium , humus, humus
reserves) on the formation of the harvest of grapes and
wine products (tasting score, the extract, the amount of
phenolic compounds, the amount of organic acids, the
amount of amino acids, metal ions, potassium ions,
sodium metal, magnesium ions, calcium ions, the
amount of metal ions). With the help of statistical data,
we can establish the effect of weather conditions on the formation of 2009-2011 qualitative wines of
Cabernet Sauvignon
In the article the effects of examinations on influence of a vascular necrosis on a survival of shanks of grapes of breed Saperavi inoculated on stock RхR 101-14 are introduced
One of the limiting factors to obtain high yields of
grape plantations in Anapa-Taman subzones with good
quality is moisture. Grape plant adapts well to a
limited amount of moisture in the soil. The penetration
of roots deep into the soil horizons may reach 5-6
meters, provided with a moderate density of the soil
and the lack of limiting factors such as the presence of
ground water and limiting the content of toxic soluble
salts. In the course of mathematical data processing we
have established a trend of increasing average annual
rate of precipitation in the period from 1932 to 2015.
In the years when the amount of precipitation for the
year exceeds the average long-term performance, the
key amount of precipitation in the summer months in a
downpour and in a limited area. Average annual
amount of precipitation in the period from 1932 to
2015 was 519 mm, the minimum was recorded in 2002
(324 mm), the maximum - in 1981 (800 mm). Despite
the general trend of increasing average annual rainfall
over the years, moisture deficit is in the soil.
Accounting of moisture saving dynamics in the soil in
the 2015-2016's indicates the absence of moisture
reserves. Optimal soil moisture values were observed
only in May and June, and only half meter layer of
soil. In the phase of growth and ripening berries (July,
August, September) soil moisture content was much
lower than the permissible value, which is comparable
with the level of wilting point. For the stable-quality
grape raw materials it is necessary to pay more
attention to the water and the air regime of the soil