Scientific Journal of KubSAU

In recent years, in the conditions of the Tambov region, thanks to the widespread introduction of innovative technologies, the yield of root crops of this culture has significantly increased. The scheme of sowing is the basis of technology of cultivation of any crops depend on the productivity and quality of products, material and monetary and energy costs, density of sowing, supply area and design features used cars. According to academician V. I. Edelstein, the optimal sowing scheme is able to provide an increase in crop yields up to 40%. It was noted that the most optimal scheme of sowing is a tape, with the use of which it is possible to achieve a reasonable compromise between the possibility of rational thickening of plants in order to increase yields and improve the working conditions of agricultural machines. The relevance of the research lies in the modernization of the sowing apparatus of the beet seeder SST-12B, under the belt scheme of sowing with a staggered arrangement of plants in two adjacent lines of the tape and the study of its design parameters. The analysis shows that with an increase in the angle of installation of the scraper over 60 degrees, there is an increase in the percentage of occupancy of the disk cells with seeds in all studied hybrids. Studies have found that the hybrid RMS-120 at the angle of installation of the scraper 70 degrees is 100 percent filling cells with seeds, while hybrids XM-1820 and Troika cells filled only 93.3%. This is due to the fact that the seeds of the domestic hybrid were more aligned in diameter compared to the seeds of foreign firms. It should also be noted that the hybrid RMS-120 with a scraper angle of 70 degrees was marked by the lowest damage dragees-0.67%, while hybrids XM-1820 and Troika values of this indicator were 0.83 and 0.73%, respectively. By increasing the angle of installation of the scraper over 80 degrees, the percentage of damaged seeds increased from 0.4 to 0.66%

Stable obtaining in high quality fruits in the required volumes for Russia is possible in the transfer of industrial gardening to intensive cultivation system. Planting of this type provide a high early appearance and productivity, high quality fruits and quick payback on investment in their creation means. All of this is formed in the nursery garden. Under these conditions, the development and introduction of innovative machine technologies for industrial production of sticks is an urgent task. The problem of mechanization of the technological operation for earthing up ratoon shoots of vegetative propagated stocks has been considered in this work. A perspective scheme of machine comprising two milling rotors which have a flanked line with axis of rotation parallel line plants proposed consequently analytic research constructions of technical means for earthing up ratoon shoots. The program of the research for parametrics milling barrel for earthing up ratoon of vegetative propagated apple stocks include defining the dependence impact of the kinematics indicators (forward and circumferential speed of labor body) and the constructive indicators (quantity of blade and angle of their setting) to qualitative criterion: structure of soil provide optimal establishment stocks, and form of swath. Attainment of agrotechnical demands for earthing up ratoon shoots of vegetative propagated stocks is provided by the given aggregate under circumferential speed of labor body υ=3,9 m/c, quantity of blades – 4 pieces and angle of setting blades on rotor γ = 10° …20° . The use of a universal complex for the work in queen cell with technological module for earthing up ratoon shoots will allow not only labor-saving, but also mark up leaving of qualitative ratoon