Scientific Journal of KubSAU

Increase of gross grain collecting and minimization of cost of its production essentially depends on technologies and technical means, which are used while grain crops cultivation. At the same time the existing industrial seed farming and the grain’s production are assumed the multiple mechanical and thermomechanical impacts on grain from working tools of cars and units that leads to weevils’ traumatizing. Grain damage negatively affects its technological and fodder characteristics; seeds’ traumatizing causes the decrease in their sowing and fruitful features. It isn't possible to extract injured seeds from the pile because working tools damage the weevils itself and also there are small differences between damaged and undamaged weevils. It is possible to reduce grain traumatizing while machine preparation by reducing the quantity and extent of mechanical and thermomechanical impacts on weevils, by optimization of technological operations and by controlling the regimes and adjustments of working tools. The work of winnower machines M-819 KAS-10+SBVS-5 and AS- 10+ was researched while developing a technique of complex quantitative and quality standard of machines’ and tools’ influence on weevils’ traumatizing. It was ascertained that on different stages of weevils’ mechanical preparation it get different injuries in quantitative and qualitative expressions. It was offered to estimate the injuring ability of machines by the impact of seeds’ injures influence on its sowing features. Also there was a conception of traumatizing coefficient which includes either quantitative or qualitative debriefing influences of the traumatizing on grains features

Productivity of seeds of cereal crops essentially depends on the quality of the seed grain, which is being defined both by biological condition of seeds and technologies and technical resources, which are being used in, machine processing of seed heap. In this connection, different injuries of weevils which are occurred while mechanical and thermomechanical influences from tools of machines and aggregates have got vital importance. Apart from the breaches of integrity of the weevil’s cover there are also exist traumatizing changes of its inside structures which are frequently covered with casings and do not being viewed with visual inspection. Conditions of inside structures of weevils were researched with radiographic method and also were defined possible types of traumatizing changes which depend on mechanical and thermomechanical influences, which were eliminated in universal classification of injures among the inside structures of seeds of agricultural cultures. Also, wу have analyzed the influence of chosen types of injuries on seeds’ sowing qualities and found that all injures of weevils essentially and differentially influenced the sowing and fruitful qualities and should be considered while choosing the technological schemes of preparation, working tools and while tuning the aggregates’ regime of work attached to the machine processing of grain and seed heap