Scientific Journal of KubSAU

One effective way of monitoring the most important economic indicators is the determination of limit values of parametric estimation of economic security at the meso level, taking into account modern specifics of the development of the Russian economy, the excess of which can negatively affect not only a particular sphere of social life or industry, but also on the economy as a whole. The article is devoted to solution of actual problems of formation of parametric estimation, allowing assessing the economic security of the region taking into account modern trends of development of the Russian economy, which makes it possible to determine the position and functions of each region in the system of coordinates of economic space of the Russian Federation. The article presents the review of foreign and domestic experience in the development and use of the indicative system of economic security of the region. It is revealed that the problem of formation parameters and assessment criteria for the functioning and development of the region is systemic, because it involves the presence of factors of macro - and micro-level that have a permanent impact on the variability of these indicators over time. The work proves the practical use of the potential of indicative planning as an effective instrument of economic regulation of competitiveness at the macro and micro level as an information base for a quantitative justification of the strategic development plans of the region's economy

This article describes the Krasnodar region as the leading subject of the Russian Federation in terms of volume of attracting foreign investments. It has considered the main factors of investment attractiveness of the region such as geographical and geopolitical position, agroclimatic and recreational potential of the Krasnodar region. It has also analyzed the dynamics of investments in the Krasnodar region of foreign investors in 2009-2015. The list of successfully implemented investment projects over the past 4 years is provided. It has marked a special role of the XXII Olympic Winter Games and XI Paralympic Winter Games 2014 in Sochi in attracting foreign investment in the Krasnodar region. It considers exhibitions and forums in which the Krasnodar region takes an active part. It has proved the particular role of the Krasnodar region as one of the "reference regions" of Russia to ensure the country's competitiveness in the global economic environment. The emphasis is placed on the fact that in order to attract capital and economic growth it is necessary to create a favorable investment climate quality. The main directions of improving the investment attractiveness of the Krasnodar region are defined. It is submitted by the forecast of the key indicators of the Krasnodar region, providing inflow of foreign investment until 2017. The tools of the implementation of the forecast are reviewed

The situation which has developed in the Russian economy concerning investment activity taking into account the operating investment policy of the state is considered in the article. Today in the country the new aspect of the international relations demanding sharper and cardinal intervention of the state in the improvement of structure of investment resources develops. The purpose of this article is disclosure of the main characteristics of formation in dynamics of structural elements of investment resources and the offer of the directions of activization of the investment policy in Russia. Indexes of the main indicators of the investment activity in the Russian Federation are considered, the structure of investments into fixed capital by financing sources is analyzed. The main structural shifts in formation of the investment resources during the post-crisis period taking into account change of investment potential of institutional sectors and financial conditions of the investment activity in Russia are investigated. It is revealed that negative change of a situation with attraction of foreign investments into the Russian economy had significant effect on dynamics of investment resources. The situation, which developed in the economy of Russia quite precisely, lets to know that it is impossible to rely only on the self-regulating market. For more effective attraction of the investment resources strengthening of a role of the state support of investments, development and improvement of investment policy, searches of the most optimum cooperation of domestic enterprises with the foreign companies are offered

In the article the investment policy pursued in China, defining high rates of economic growth and social changes in the country is considered. It is proved that the investment policy of China was directed to inflow of volumes of foreign investments which create benefit for export growth, modernization of technologies and skills, without negative consequences. As on the volume of foreign investments China takes the leading positions, the main reasons for appeal of this country for foreign investors are considered. Dynamics of volume changes of foreign investments of China is traced, changes of volumes of the Russian investments into the Chinese economy are compared. Positive and negative sides of investment policy of China are shown. In the article three key sectors of economy in China in which foreign investments are encouraged are described. The first sector of economy will promote increase in export subsequently. The second sector is earlier limited or closed sectors of economy, investments into which began to be encouraged since 2005 in connection with the entry of China into the WTO. And as the last key sector of the economy in China expensive energy, infrastructure and ecological projects are selected. Primary branches of the Russian-Chinese bilateral investment cooperation are considered. The examples for improvement of the investment policy of Russia followed from experience of investment policy of China are given

In the last decade, the question of migration of capital, including its illegal export, became an actual problem from both the international financial organizations, and government authorities, which are realizing monetary and credit regulation. This is explained by the fact that in the conditions of globalization the level of mobility of the capitals and integration of the financial markets sharply increased. As a result, any local event can provoke intensive outflow of resources from this or that country and lead to an unstable economic situation. And national financial crisis, in turn, is able in a short time not only cause a chain reaction of defaults in the system of international payments, but also lead to serious disruptions in the global financial markets. For this reason, the prevention of illegal export of Russian capital abroad can contribute to the growth gold and currency reserves, the stabilization of the national currency, a more accurate prediction of the balance of payments of the Russian Federation. Framing of measures of preventing of illegal export of the capital, including by means of system of currency regulation and currency control, is an objective necessity, which aim is to increase the stability of the financial and credit, and, in particular, the banking system, the financial market, improving the investment climate. From that as far as there will be effective measures to prevent the illegal export of capital depend the efficiency and level of development of the country's economy, Russia's place in the international financial system

In the article we consider modern investment realities of the Russian scientific sphere of researches and developments. The introduction in business knowledge-intensive productions, by means of attraction of investment resources, characterizes position of the states within world community. Cumulative investment in fundamental and applied science in the Russian Federation in comparison with other regions of the world is estimated. Growth of global investment in research and development was promoted by geopolitical tendencies, climatic changes, and also the ecological crisis connected with an anthropogenous factor. The numerical characteristic of professional staff of the Russian sphere of research and development is given. The amount and dynamics of financing of the Russian science by budget funds of the Russian Federation is analyzed. The investment activity of the Russian business in the sphere of financing of scientific projects is estimated. The analysis of the most perspective spheres of scientific research for venture investment is provided. In the article slow rates of development of the Russian science are revealed, it is because of public financing is concentrated generally on the strategic directions of research and development for ensuring national security. At the same time private business is skeptical about financing of research and development due to the lack of obviously profitable result. In the conclusion the main obstacles in the way of development of the sphere of research and development in Russia are called, and also the ways of possible solution of mentioned problems are given

The agro-industrial complex - one of the most important sectors of economy of the Krasnodar region is considered. In the modern world, the ongoing investment processes define the level of competitive development of all spheres of agrarian and industrial complex. The development and prosperity of the agro-industrial complex of Krasnodar largely depends on its appeal from the point of view of potential investors. The Krasnodar region with its powerful agro-industrial complex within territories of Russia has acquired particular importance and has high investment appeal. We have found reflections in the results of this research of engaging of investment resources in development of agrarian and industrial complex of the Krasnodar region at the present stage. It is revealed that during an agrarian reform, the investment process in agrarian and industrial complex has dramatically changed. New channels of attraction of financial resources were created; also ways of use and distribution of resources have changed. Effective work of agro-industrial sector of the economy of the Krasnodar region is possible only with active state support on federal and on regional levels

One of the most important sectors of economy of any country is the agro-industrial complex thanks to which the food, necessary for society, is made. Effective development of agro-industrial sector considerably determines the level of food security of the state, a condition of all the potential of a national economy, as well as the social, and economic situation in the country in general. Results of the general researches of development of agro-industrial complex of Russia at the present stage are presented in the article. The positive and negative effects which have their influence both on agro-industrial complex in general and on its separate subjects are reflected. It is revealed, that during the agrarian reform the investment process in agrarian and industrial complex has dramatically changed. New channels of attraction of financial resources were created, also ways of use and distribution of resources have changed. The greatest attention is paid to problems of agricultural industry development, which also influence agricultural producers in particular. The prospects of the development of the agro-industrial complex and the methods of achievement of the goals of the government in the "sanctions" period for Russia are presented. Effective work of the agro-industrial sector of the economy of Russia is possible only with active state support on federal and on regional levels

In the article the bank regulator of the country - the Federal Reserve System (FRS) is considered. The influence of monetary policy of FRS on the international financial markets, including the stock, currency and commodity markets is estimated. For the analysis of data, the statistics indicators characterizing dynamics of driving of major financial instruments and the markets since 2007 and finishing with the beginning of 2017 are used. As comparison, the analysis of dynamics of interest rates of the Federal Reserve of the USA and the S&P500 market index was used. The Influence of FRS on the American and German bonds is defined. On this basis, the conclusion is drawn that securities have high correlation, but the other Central banks take part in it. The forward reaction of monetary policy of the other bank regulators on decisions of FRS after crisis of 2008-2009 was revealed. The research of the influence of monetary policy of FRS on the market of petroleum crude, which suffered, first of all, because of the increase in interest rates of the bank regulator of the USA is conducted. The authors of the article have studied the reason of this process caused by interrelation of the commodity markets and monetary policy of FRS. In conclusion, key trends of the world financial platforms because of change of monetary policy of FRS and possible consequences for actual and financial sectors of the world economy were allocated

In the conditions of significant dependence of national economy on an oil complex, the last is influenced by a number of social and economic problems which solution would lead not only to growth of investment appeal and profit, but also to decrease in prime cost, improvement of quality of oil products. It will allow to make optimization of prices of oil and its products, and to reach significant competitive positions in the market of oil products. The priority directions are increase in oil processing capacities, depth of production, stability of a source of raw materials. However, the steps, which are carried out both by the enterprises, and the state towards their realization, are insignificant, despite essential dependence of the last on an oil segment. In the article, the internal factors interfering formation of investment appeal of oil sector are considered. The problem of inefficiency of distribution of the capital and tax incentivization is lifted, and measures for stabilization of investment potential are given