Scientific Journal of KubSAU

The work is done in scientific and practical directions for minimization of power losses in transmission of electricity to local distribution networks between the actors of the energy (producers and consumers) of energy-saving technologies focused on technological activities such as modernization and reconstruction of networks. Quite often in various circuits of power systems, it is advisable to transfer energy and its power through intermediate (transit) nodes. Structural changes in the electricity sector, at present, are mainly associated with the introduction of market relations between the subjects of energy exchange; therefore, in this work special attention is paid to the problem of calculating the power losses, as it is nonlinearly dependent on the power at the nodes and branches of a network. It should be noted that the nodes in problems transit capacity could be both sources and consumers. The latter necessitated the need for search of possible ways to reduce transportation losses of energy due to both the improvement and optimization of distribution networks and through the use of intermediate transit nodes. It follows that the transportation problem in this formulation is more General and expands the possibilities of optimization of power losses for the local subsystems of the energy clusters. The work is composed of the transport matrix for solving problems transit capacity, where the algorithm taking into account the distinctive features of which consist in the use of continuous numbering of sources and consumers in the matrix, and any node can be a transit country. The transit capacity ii-th node Zii=0, and the dimension of the matrix in contrast to the previously considered tasks has (n+m) (n+m) and it remains square as all the transport problems of linear programming. Transit variables Xii are included in the solution of the problem with a minus sign, and all transit variables are considered basic. From the above example in the work of a number of branches of a network is minimal, which significantly reduces the cost of building and maintaining the network, and the solver minimizes the power loss between the subjects of energy exchange and, as a result to savings from the standpoint of cost of construction of the network and the management of overflows of energy in it

The work is done in a scientific and practical ways to minimize power losses in the transmission of electricity in the interregional distribution networks from the sources to the consumer by the use of tasks, ensuring the gradual improvement in the support program, not only from the standpoint of the efficiency of reduction of transported power loss, but also due to a significant decrease the complexity of the calculations. The resulting shortage of electricity power associated with its transfer to the electricity networks, has demanded the need to find possible ways of reducing the value of electricity losses during transportation, both by improving and by optimizing distribution net-works schemes. Consolidation into a single set of electrical equipment, called the power cluster is connected to the sources of power and energy consumption, make better use of new principles of control technology and the transmission of electricity, on the basis of an automated monitoring system, ensuring the redistribution of energy flows and optimize them. The process of electric power transmission and reduction in electric power loss can be considered on the basis of linear programming problems, and their modification in the form of a transportation problem, and as a result, the transport matrix. On this basis, manipulating the data table, we can find acceptable solutions, well and then determine the best of them. As examples, this work has carried out the study on the basis of the three methods - "northwest corner", the method of minimum unit cost of electricity transport, as well as the method of the potential. The use of these three methods yielded acceptable solutions, to identify the most appropriate for the number of steps carried out at the decision, to reveal that the winner is the potential cost method

The work was carried out not only in the scientific, but also in practical directions, the key part of which was the modeling of the system. Consideration of the presented modeling processes occurred on the basis of the delivered pedagogical experiment associated with the introduction in the discipline "Engineering Graphics" of a new tool for the military educational institution to obtain the final graphic design document. The purpose of the experiment included a comparative analysis of modeling tools (manual and machine) and their impact on the production of the final product (drawing). As a tool, the computer-aided design system Кompas-3D was used. The presented research was worked out in practical classes of the specified discipline, the theme of one of them was "Image of thread and threaded connections". With the help of the graphic editor Compass-3D, a model of the shaft and bushing with the specified thread profile was obtained, as well as the assembly unit based on them. The entire way of obtaining the above objects for convenience and ease of perception has been broken down into certain stages. The results of the pedagogical experiment were very satisfactory; the goal of the practical training was fully achieved

The work is scientific and practical in nature, same as the discussed process of optimization of power losses in power networks based on the use of the transportation problem, namely the rules of the minimum element of the transport matrix, which is a valid solution. The mechanism of the improvement of the obtained feasible solutions to the tasks focuses on using the potential method, assigning each row and column of the matrix their corresponding potential. Using a basic variable and manipulating the elements of the transport matrix according to a specific algorithm, we implement the construction of a new support plan. Based on the plan and its acyclic, we build two cycles and determine the values of the estimates between direct and indirect transportation costs per unit of output. The resulting algorithm makes it easy to program all computational operations and quickly obtain the result of the optimization of power losses in the design of the electricity network, thereby reducing the economic and technological costs. As a result of joint use of transportation problems and potential method, we could find the optimal solution based on improved solutions more efficiently, and a scheme of optimal electric network. As consumers, in practice, there may be urban and agricultural, industrial enterprises, regional and district subordination, including industrial, agricultural and individual customers