Scientific Journal of KubSAU

Tomato is one of the most popular vegetables in Kuban. Every year, the area under this crop in the region occupies more than 11 thousand ha. Currently the State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for use in Krasnodar region, includes more than 90 tomato varieties and hybrids, however, the need for new, more productive varieties is not reduced. The important task of breeding is development of varieties and F1 hybrids with stable realization of the potential, with high level of yield ability, resistance to adverse environmental factors. In the southern regions of Russia for tomatoes, especially during flowering and fruit ripening, the most unfavorable abiotic environmental factors are excessive heat (air temperature 35 - 45 ° C or higher) and high solar radiation. Adverse temperature conditions often act as a deterrent in obtaining high yields, due to the flowers and fruits drop. The article presents the results of breeding activities of the last ten years (2007 - 2016) on development of new tomato varieties and F1 hybrids for different purposes As a result of studies there were developed four tomato varieties and one F1 hybrid that meet the requirements of production and are adapted to abiotic conditions of cultivation in open field in Kuban

Rice is a crop with high yields guaranteed by nature itself. In recent years, huge changes have occurred in the domestic rice cultivation, but despite this, there are still a lot of unsolved relevant problems. One of such problems is the development of high yielding varieties. The success of breeding largely depends on the availability of genetically diverse starting material with a wide response to changing environmental conditions, its knowledge and proper selection; as well as the identification of new sources of valuable traits and properties, among ecologically remote agro-types that enrich the genetic potential of domestic varieties. Development of a high-yielding variety is greatly influenced by economically important traits: plant height, total and productive tillering, the number of spikelets and grains in the panicle, grain size, weight of 1000 grains, etc. In modern biological science of heredity, there is still the question of the inheritance of quantitative traits. The study of inheritance of quantitative traits constituting the main elements of the yield structure is one of the most important tasks, the solution of which is necessary to speed up the breeding process. Inheritance of any trait is often determined by researchers by the magnitude of the dominance coefficient