Scientific Journal of KubSAU

A methodology for a multilevel system approach to integrated optimization of processes of harvest, transportation and cleaning of the grain during the harvest by the method of «Neveyka» has been developed. The main method of research - is a queuing theory of all components of the yield except straw. The System consists of 6 interconnected subsystems with their inputs and outputs, and its own optimality criteria. On the first level of optimization, the most efficient way of wheat harvest «Neveyka» has been proved. On the second level - the total duration of the harvest with allowance for 4-5 cultivated wheat sorts, each of which is harvested within 5 calendar days, was optimized. The third level proves the requirement of combine harvesters and transport vehicle. On the fourth level - the combinations of harvesting and transport units are optimized on the criterion of the minimum amount of the loss on the mutual expectations of harvesters and vehicles. The fifth optimization level proves the capacity of the reception station of the grain storage, where the main criterion for optimality is the least amount of losses on the mutual waiting time of the transportation vehicles, and the additional criterion is the minimum waiting time of vehicles in the queue. On the sixth and the final stage the specific annual economic effect (rub/ha or rub/t) from the implementation of the proposed technology is determined. It is established, that during the grain harvesting, transporting and processing of heap there are elementary or Poisson probability flows of requirements for service. The Representation of harvesting - transport link in the form of closed queuing system of independent harvesting unit. An approach to the justification of failure-free operation of a station for cleaning grain heap and storage of grain and chaff is presented

Using queuing theory (QT) for the new technology of harvesting of grain crops by the method of «Neveyka», the method of optimal designing of maintenance system and elimination of failures of units used in cleaning technology and post-harvest processing of grain has been considered. On the basis of a systematic approach, taking into account the probabilistic nature of the change of operating factors the methodical directions of validity test of the adoption of the Poisson distribution in the calculation of operating modes were substantiated to optimize maintenance level units and eliminate failures in the operation of the machines, the probability of failure-free operation of harvesting and transport aggregates. The probability of failure-free operation of each type of units used in the cleaning of grain depends on their number and intensity of service. According to the numerical value the probability of failure-free operation of units is equal to the probability of idle units for maintenance and elimination of failures. Since it is impossible to determine separately the value of the probability of failure-free operation for all types of units and all kinds of services at different operating conditions the generalized solution has been offered, this solution is applicable to any serviced unit during both the technical inspection and elimination of failures. By specifying the desired value of the probability of failure-free operation of harvesting units, according to their number we can determine the appropriate ratio between the average length of service and the average period of time between incoming service requirements (technical inspection and elimination of failures) from one unit