Scientific Journal of KubSAU

The article gives an overview of the results of studies on indigenous grape varieties of the Republic of Abkhazia and the identification of their agro-biological characteristics

In this study we have shown the influence of fruitless shoots to number of berries in clusters, the mass of 100 berries, average weight of the bunch, yield, sugar content and acid in the juice of the berries, the quality of wine. These indicators have been studied at a ratio of fertile and sterile shoots 1: 1, 3: 1, 6: 1 with a load of bushes 12, 16, 20 fruit-bearing shoots and nutrition area 3 x 1 m2. Control was a natural balance of fruit-bearing and barren shoots. Digital material is processed by one-way analysis of variance experience for each load of bushes, and then the same method of two-experience for all the options. Fragmentation of sterile shoots with load of 12 fruit-bearing shoots per plant decreases, and with loads of 16 and 20 increases the number of fruit-bearing shoots berries in clusters, the mass of 100 berries, average weight of the bunch, yield, and sugar content in berries. For the content of titratable acids we have marked a tendency to increase with a decrease in the number of sterile shoots. The content of phenolic substances on the variants of the experiment was 2.2-2.3 g / dm3, the acidity of 7.3-7.8 g / dm3, alcohol 10,2-10,9% vol. Dry wines tasting score on the options was in the range of 7.4-7.6 points. Significant difference in taste and smell features wines by variants of the experiment was not revealed. Conclusions on the effect of sterile shoots on fruiting vine indicators drawn from the analysis of variance one- and two-factor experiments, in most cases were the same

The article presents data on the formation of the embryonic fruitfulness of central buds of wintering buds grapes of different origins in the period of relative calm of grapes and early spring period in dynamics with presence of positive air and soil temperatures

Newest technical black berry variety named Piste (“Faith” in Greek) with colored flesh and juice breeded at Athens Institute of Viticulture (Greece) by researchers Zamanidi P., L. Troshin and P. Radchevskii in 2007 by crossing the Greek varieties Afoos (Mavrodafni x Alicante Boucher) with Ukrainian variety Odessa black (Alicante Bouchet x Cabernet Sauvignon). Duration of production period is 146-155 days. Growth of shoots is strong (2,1-3,0 m). The percentage of productive shoots is more than 90. The yield is very high: 25-30 t / ha. The average weight of clusters is 250 g. It can be characterized by high winter hardiness, drought resistance and increased resistance to fungal diseases in comparison with varieties of Vitis vinifera. Flower is hermaphrodite. Cluster is medium, conical, sometimes with wings, medium density. Berry is small, round, blue-black color with a thick waxy coating. The skin is medium thickness, dense and durable. Pulp and juice are intensely colored. Very high sugar content. Variety is intended for the production of intensely colored dry red wines of excellent class, as well as high-quality sparkling wines, dessert, sweet and liqueur wines; suitable for the manufacture of high-quality strong colored juices. When used in blends with other varieties enhances color, full flavor and enhances the bouquet of the wine

Newest wine Muscat grape variety with colored pulp and juice Serra was breeded at Athens Institute of Viticulture (Greece) by P.Zamanidi and L.Troshin in 2007 by crossing the Ukrainian Odessa black variety (Alicante Bouschet x Cabernet Sauvignon) with the new Greek Muscat black berry Krimbas variety. According to the morphological and physiological characteristics it is included in the eco-geographical group of Black Sea Coast. Length of production period is 146-155 days. Strong growth of shoots (2,1-3,0 m). Percentage of productive shoots is over 90. Productivity is very high: 25-30 t / ha. Average weight is 350 g. Grapes characterized with high resistance to cold, drought and increased resistance to fungal diseases in comparison with varieties of Vitis vinifera. Flower is hermaphrodite, with the stamens and fully developed gynoecium. Cluster is medium, conical, sometimes with wing, medium density. Berry is small, round, blue-black, with a thick waxy coating. Peel of medium thickness, dense, durable. Pulp and juice are intensely colored, flavored with Muscat taste. Sugar content is very high, in the bushes at sun-dried bunches up to more than 40%. Prolonged preservation of crop on bushes. Variety is intended for manufacturing intensely colored dry red wines of excellent grade and high-quality sparkling, dessert, sweet and liqueur wines, and is suitable for the manufacture of high quality intensively colored juice with Muscat taste. When used in blends with other varieties increases color, full flavor and improves the bouquet of wine

The article highlights the characteristics of the three promising for Eurasia table grape varieties bread by genetics-selectioners I.A. Kostrikin and V.N. Krainov with colleagues, also presented confirming photographs in color of abundant bushes, groving buds, young shoots and their tops, adult leaves, grapes and berries; the results reported about their five-year study, both in the industrial environments of OAO AF "South", OOO "Phanagoria-Agro", Training Farm "Kuban" and the branches of the Department of Viticulture Kuban State Agrarian University, as well as in Farmer-amateur conditions of private entrepreneurs of Kuban and Don: Aniuta, Gurman Kraynova, Jubilee of Novocherkassk. These varieties create a modern conveyor of table varieties and recommended for introduction in the State register of breeding achievements of the Russian Federation in all regions of our country for gardening use

The influence is shown for the race of yeasts to the dynamics of the fermentation of grape must, the composition of organic acids and aromatic of components. The races, which ensure obtaining high-quality winemakings material are presented

The newest high-tech pink berry aromatic grape variety Hara selected by hybridization at the Athens Institute of Viticulture (Likovrisi, Greece) researchers P.K. Zamanidi and L.P. Troshin in 2004 by crossing the Greek varieties Avgulato with Traminer pink. According to the morphological and physiological characteristics related to the eco-geographical group of Black Sea. Growth of shoots is strong (2,1-3,0 m). Degree of ripening vines is very high (over the entire length other than top of shoot). Length of production period from bud burst to harvest 146-155 days. Productivity is very high, 25-30 t/ha. Percentage of productive shoots - 90. The average mass of clusters within 350 g. Characterized by a high winter hardiness, drought and increased resistance to fungal diseases in comparison with varieties Vitis vinifera. Hermaphrodite flower with stamens and fully developed gynoecium. Cluster medium, conical, medium density. Berry medium, spherical, pink color, with a thick waxy coating. Peel of medium thickness, dense, durable. Pulp and juice with pronounced varietal flavor of Gewurztraminer. Sugar content is very high, more than 24%. When overripening dry-curing and continuously stored on the clusters. Variety intended for the manufacture of dry white wines of excellent grade and high-quality dessert and sweet wines; suitable for production of high quality juices, compotes

Черешки листьев, взятых из растений ин витро, девяти межвидовых гибридов винограда: подвоев Берландиери х Рипариа ‘Кобер 5ББ’, Рипариа х Рупестрис ‘101-14’ и сортов (cvs): 'Бианка', 'Зигфридребе', 'Подарок Магарача’, ‘Первенец Магарача’, ‘Цитронный Магарача’, ‘Интервитис Магарача’ и гибридной формы ‘Магарач 100-74-1-5' культивировали на твердой среде NN, содержащей различные концентрации 2,4-D и BА в различных сочетаниях. Для того, чтобы инициировать рост клеточных суспензий, проэмбриогенные каллусы пересаживали в жидкую среду NN, дополненную 1.0 мг/л 2,4-Д и 0,2 мг/л BА. Субкультивирование этих суспензий в жидкую среду NN, дополненную 2 мг/л NAA и 0,1 мг/л BА, привело к развитию агрегатов эмбриоидов, а пересадка в жидкую среду с 0,5 мг/л BА вызвала развитие единичных глобулярных и сердцевидных эмбриоидов. Проэмбриогенные клеточные суспензии, состоящие из преимущественно отдельных клеток, могут быть использованы в трансформации генов и селекции на клеточном уровне с целью уменьшения вероятности появления химерных растений

The newest wine grape variety Eftihiya with aromatic pink colored skin (in Greek the name means “happi-ness”) was breed with hybridization at the Athens In-stitute of Viticulture by P. Zamanidi, L. Troshin and P. Radchevskiy in 2005 by crossing the Greek varieties and Malaguzya with Eurasian Traminer pink. Dura-tion of production period from bud burst to harvest 146-155 days. Yields are very high: 25-30 t / ha. Modal mass of clusters is 250 g. Bunch is conical, me-dium density. Berry is medium, short elliptical, pink colored, with a thick wax coating. Pulp and juice with the expressed varietal flavor, similar to the aroma of Traminer pink. Sugar content of more than 24%. Vari-ety is designed for production for the dry white wines of excellent class and high-quality sparkling, dessert and sweet wines; suitable for the production of high quality aromatic juices