Scientific Journal of KubSAU

This article features the recommendations on microclonal grapes reproduction at all stages of their realization

In the article ampelographical descriptions and color photos of all of 13 native grades of the grapes zoned at 6 North Caucasian region of Russian Federation are presented. These varieties are national property of our state and pride of domestic wine growing

In this innovational article the results of researches of the influence of new-in-grape nursery-garden practice of Russia GUMINA preparations - LIGNOGUMAT KALIUM (GUMAT KALIUM) with microelements and GUMAT KALIUM LIQUID PEAT - on reclaiming properties of grape cuttings, amount and quality of own-rooted and imparted saplings of various grapes varieties are presented

Two methods were developed, one to assess experimental results by reducing a number of developmental parameters to the overall quality, leading to the overall quality criterion, and the other to optimize processes affected by numerous interacting factors, in-vitro plant development in this case, by applying a mathematical design of experiment. Single-bud cuttings with one leaf of two Vitis vinifera L. genotypes were excised from the central part of two-month-old in-vitro grown plants and used as explants. The explants were established on bridges of filtering paper in liquid media and on solid media. Eighteen modifications of these media contained five macro-elements, each at three concentrations, and the distribution of these macro-element concentrations followed the law of random numbers (Experiment I). Parameters characterizing arm, leaf and root development of two-month-old plants of each study genotype established on each liquid or solid medium were reduced to the overall quality of plant development. Since the study genotypes differed in the ability to grow on liquid and solid media with different macro-element concentrations and also in the ability to utilize these macro-elements, the dependence of in-vitro plant development on macro-element concentrations was described by different regression equations. That is why the regression equation describing the average outcome of plant development in the two genotypes on liquid and solid media was not as significant and the description of the process was not as adequate (determined) as regression equations calculated for each process. The regression equation which describes the dependence of the average outcome of plant development on macro-element concentrations in Experiment I is as follows: y5 = 0.027 + 0.116x22 + 0.109x2x4 + 0.106x2x3 + 0.114x4. Stepwise calculation of macro-element concentrations to optimize in-vitro plant development was done based on macro-element concentrations of the initial medium of Experiment I as starting points since that medium was best efficient for this purpose by using regression equation (y5) and algorithms of multiple curvilinear stepwise regression according to the Box-Wilson method of steepest ascent. Experiment II was undertaken where macro-element concentrations (‘steps’) were calculated in a stepwise manner to optimize in-vitro plant development of the two V. vinifera genotypes and the rootstock ‘Kober 5BB’. This led to a liquid medium and a solid one which enabled a better plant development in the three genotypes relative to the use of controls: media with ½ MS macro-elements and the initial medium whose macro-element concentrations entered as starting points to calculate ‘steps’ for optimization of in-vitro plant development. The optimized medium contained macro-elements: 318 mg l-1 NH4NO3 (x1), 1188 mg l-1 KNO3 (x2), 370 mg l-1 MgSO4 7H20 (x3) (MS), 370 mg l-1 KH2PO4 (x4), 331 mg l-1 CaCl2 (x5) (MS), and other substances at optimum concentrations adjusted earlier: ¼ MS Fe-EDTA, ¼ MS micro-elements, 20 mg l-1 myo-inositol, 0.1 mg l-1 thiamine (MS), 0.5 mg l-1 nicotinic acid (MS), 0.2 mg l-1 pyridoxine, 2 mg l-1 glycine (MS), 0.1 mg l-1 indole-3-acetic acid, 10 g l-1 sucrose and, only for solid media, 7 g l-1 Difco agar. The optimized medium may be used for propagation of virus-free plants, valuable clones and grapevine genotypes created by gene engineering. The mathematical design of experiment reported in this paper which enables stepwise optimization of in-vitro plant development may be used both in agriculture and in the food industry

New complex-steady black berry technical kind of a grape - "Aleksampelo" is breed in Greece by P.Zamanidi and L.Troshin in 2003 by mating of Firstborn Magaracha with a mixture of blossom dust of Greek black berry sorts of Bakuri and Mavrostifo. Duration of productional phase is 146-155 days. This sort is сильнорослый. A degree of ripening of a vine is very high. Productivity is high. The medial mass of racemations is 230 gr. It differs with high winter-hardiness, drought resistance and raised sustainability to fungous diseases in comparison with sorts of Vitis vinifera L.; it is tolerant to a phylloxera. A flower is bisexual. A racemation is medial, cylinder-conical, medial denseness. A bacca is medial, roundish, blue - black colour, with a dense wax coating. A peel is tight, strong. Pulp and juice with the expressed high quality flavour. Sugar content of juice of baccas is very high. The crop is maintained on bushes duratingly enough. The sort is designed for production of dry red wines of the excellent quality and also for high-grade dessert and sweet wines; it is applicable for development of high-grade juice and compotes as well

Maria Callas is the new wine high-grade fragrant pink-berry breed, bred in Greece by Panteley Zamanidi, Leonid Troshin and Alexander Isachkin in 2003 by mating of Greek breed of Roditis with Traminer pink. Under morpho-physiological characteristics, it is included in ecological and geographical group of breeds of the Western Europe. Duration of productive phase is 146-155 days. A breed is strong grown; a degree of ripening of a vine is very high. Productivity is high. The medial mass of racemations is 180 gr. Differs with high winter-hardiness, drought resistance and raised sustainability to fungous diseases in comparison with breeds of Vitis vinifera. The flower is bisexual. A racemation is medial, conic with medial denseness. Bacca is medial, oval, pink color, with a dense wax coating. Peel is tight. Pulp is juicy with strongly expressed high quality flavour. Sugar content is high. Baccas become dry and raisin-like when overrippen and are duratingly maintained on scrubs: sugar content thus attains more than 30 %. The breed is designed for production of dry white wines of excellent quality, and also high-grade dessert and sweet wines; it is applicable for production of high-grade juice, compotes and jam as well; at drying of baccas the raisin of high quality with fragrant tender tang is gained

In the article the characteristics of 138 zoned grades of grapes included in the State register of the Russian Federation in different years and recommended for cultivation in southern regions of the North Caucasus are resulted. Color images in the form of photos of these grades of grapes are presented in earlier published section 7 of the given collective monograph

In this article the questions of rational placing of bushes on sites when establishing new vineyards are taken up; requirements to a planting material - to cuttings and transplants imparted and own-rooted, one-year and vegetative, technologies of their preparation for planting and planting by different ways, etc. are concerned

The clone selection has very outstanding position behind the actual problems of modern viticulture in the world and in our country. This problem usually has the primary importance behind the scientist who works with grape in all the countries such as USA, German, French, Spain, Italy, Hungary, Bulgaria, Moldavia, Ukraine and etc. In our country last years some positions becomes solving in the plane of scientific research work. Consequently, in the article the history and the situation of clone selection of grape on the Eurasian continent is widely covered.

In this innovational article the results of researches of influence of "RADIKS" - the new-in-Russia root stimulator on reclaiming properties of grape cuttings, its various concentration, an amount and quality of vegetative, own-rooted and imparted saplings of various grapes, and also the results of working out of regulations of application of this preparation are presented