Scientific Journal of KubSAU

Polythematic online scientific journal
of Kuban State Agrarian University
ISSN 1990-4665
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Name

Troshin Leonid Petrovich

Scholastic degree


Academic rank

professor

Honorary rank

—

Organization, job position

Kuban State Agrarian University
   

Web site url

—

Email

lptroshin@mail.ru


Articles count: 170

584 kb

FORECASTING OF GRAPE YIELD AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF OPTIMUM BUSH LOADING DURING THE CUTTING IN BUDS ON THE PROPOSED YIELD ON THE EXAMPLE OF OAO AF «SOUTH»

abstract 1161602026 issue 116 pp. 352 – 368 29.02.2016 ru 819
The article presents the material of forecasting for grape yield of next year and establishing the optimal loading if cutting of bushes. The material includes 14 varieties of grapes, 11 of them are technical and 3 are table ones. For each year of stable high yield of grapes, it is necessary to pre-set the optimum length of fruit cutting of shoots and optimum load on the bush healthy eyes. To do this for each variety on the eve of trimming bushes we perform optimum productivity analysis of wintering buds of fruit along the length of shoots, i.e. we implement forecasting of grape yield for next year. We have a plan of forecasting for yields of vineyards by microscopy of wintering buds on one-year shoots of fruit ripened grapes in order to establish the potential of embryonic establishment of inflorescences in the central holes of buds. Based on the analysis of buds, the indices were calculated for wintering fruiting buds and their degree of damage during the growing season. It was revealed, that the majority of grape varieties under study shows high tab embryonic inflorescences in central buds in overwintering buds for next year yield. Higher rates at a rate of fruiting buds were wintering in the varieties: Moldova (section 27). - 1.66; Bianca (section 6). - 1.83; Kunlean (section 15). - 1.71; Merlot (section 14). - 1.64; Saperavi (section 56). - 1.76. The lowest rates of fructification - the varieties Muscat Hamburg (section 21) and Augustine (section 11) and were respectively 1.20 and 1.24. As a planned productivity, we offered the optimal loading model of cutting bushes buds. As a result of productivity analyzes of buds along the length of the fruit shoots in 2016 we recommended to carry out pruning of fruit annual shoots 3-4 buds of the form of AZOS-1 and the form of cordon - 5-6 buds
352 kb

FROST RESISTANCE OF CRIMEAN INDIGENOUS GRAPE VARIETIES AND THEIR HYBRIDS

abstract 1171603044 issue 117 pp. 684 – 697 31.03.2016 ru 685
The article highlights the issues of grape plants resistance to low temperatures; it is an urgent problem for all wine-growing regions of the world, located in the zone of risky agriculture. Losses caused by frost, indicate long-standing necessity of perfection of assortment in terms of enhancing its hardiness by enriching more resistant genotypes obtained both through the introduction or naturalization, as well as from the crossing of indigenous with interspecies hybrids. Methodology for evaluating frost resistance properties of the material served as a preparation for the originality of his research and experimental evaluation of the unique divisibility properties of the aim. Thus, we initially conducted hardening of matured cuttings at positive temperature plus 8 plus 4 ° C for 14 days (I quenching phase) and a negative temperature minus 5 ° C-minus 7 ° C for 9 days and minus 10 ° C-1 day (II hardening phase). Then the cuttings we frozen in the temperature range from minus 16 ° C to the next steps of consistent freezing (minus 16 ° C - 2 days; minus 18 ° C - 2 days; minus 20 ° C - 2 days; minus 22 ° C – 1day, minus 24 ° C - 1 day, minus 26 ° C - 1 day, minus 28 ° C - 1 day and minus 30 ° C - 8 hours). After freezing of cuttings of each variety, the sample was placed on the 3 days in the refrigerator at the temperature of + 2 ° C to their gradual thawing. Cuttings were grown at room temperature on water. As a result, obtained by the accounting: the lowest frost-resistance among the studied forms of parental Crimean origins was found in grades of Shabash, Soldayya and Solnechnodolinsky; the varieties of Dzevat kara, Kokur bely, Kokur cherny, Misket, Misgyuli kara, Sari Pandas were set as a weak level (-20 °C); Aybatly, Kefesiya, Kok pandas and Ekim kara have average level up to -22 °C; the highest frost-resistance - 24 °C – was shown by Khersonessky and Kapselsky. Also, we have identified synthetic frost-resistant F1-population and plus-transgressive selection form
3818 kb

QUANTITATIVE MEASUREMENT OF THE SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES OF CLONES OF GRAPES USING CONTOURS OF LEAVES WITH THE USE OF ASC-ANALYSIS AND "EIDOS" SYSTEM

abstract 1161602077 issue 116 pp. 1200 – 1223 29.02.2016 ru 668
The article discusses the application of automated system-cognitive analysis (ASC-analysis), its mathematical model is a system of information theory and implements, its software tools – intellectual system called "Eidos" for solving one of the important tasks of ampelography: to quantify the similarities and differences of different clones of grapes using contours of the leaves. To solve this task we perform the following steps: 1) digitization of scanned images of the leaves and creation their mathematical models; 2) formation mathematical models of specific leaves with the application of information theory; 3) modeling the generalized images of leaves of different clones on the basis of specific leaves (multiparameter typing); 4) verification of the model by identifying specific leaf images with generic clones, i.e., classes (system identification); 5) quantification of the similarities and differences of the clones, i.e. cluster-constructive analysis of generalized images of leaves of various clones. The specific shape of the contour of the leaf is regarded as noise information on the clone to which it relates, including information about the true shape of a leaf of this clone (clean signal) and noise, which distort the real shape, due to the random influence of the environment. Software tools of ASA-analysis which is intellectual "Eidos" system provides the noise suppression and the detection of a signal about the true shape of a leaf of each clone on the basis of a number of noisy concrete examples of the leaves of this clone. This creates a single image of the shape of the leaf of each clone, independent of their specific implementations, i.e. "Eidos" of these images (in the sense of Plato) - the prototype or archetype (in the Jungian sense) of the images
16344 kb

THE SOLUTION OF PROBLEMS OF AMPELOGRAPHY BY USING ASC-ANALYSIS OF IMAGES OF LEAVES IN THEIR EXTERNAL CONTOURS (GENERALIZATION, ABSTRACTION, CLASSIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATION)

abstract 1121508064 issue 112 pp. 858 – 906 30.10.2015 ru 615
The article discusses the use of automatic systemic-cognitive analysis (ASC-analysis), its mathematical model is a system of information theory and software tools – an intellectual system called "Eidos" for the solution of some problems of ampelography: 1) digitization of scanned images of the leaves and creation of their mathematical models; 2) the formation of mathematical models of specific leaves using the spreading of information theory; 3) the formation of models of generalized images of leaves of various sorts; 4) comparing an image of a specific leaf with a generalized image of the leaf of different varieties and finding a quantitative degree of similarity and differences between them, i.e. the identification of the varieties on the leaf; 5) quantification of the similarities and differences of the varieties, i.e. cluster-constructive analysis of generalized images of the leaves of different varieties. We propose a new approach to digitizing images of leaves, based on using the polar coordinate system, the center of gravity of the image and its external contour. Before scanning images we may use transformation to standardize the position of the still images, their sizes and rotation angle. Therefore, the results of digitization and ASC-analysis of the images might be invariant (independent) relatively to their position, size and rotation. The specific shape of the contour of the leaf is regarded as noise information on the variety, including information about the true shape of the leaf of the class (clean signal) and noise, which distort this true form, originating in a random environment. Software tools of ASC-analysis – intellectual "Eidos" system ensures noise reduction and the selection of the signal about the true shape of the leaf of each variety on the basis of a number of noisy concrete examples of the leaves of this variety. This creates a one way form of a leaf of each class, free from their concrete implementations, i.e., the "Eidos" of these images (in the sense of Plato) is a prototype or archetype (in the Jungian sense) of the images
5856 kb

APPLICATION OF THE INFORMATION THEORY AND COGNITIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS OF GENETICS (on the example of calculation of the amount of information in the genes about characteristics and properties of the various indigenous grape varieties)

abstract 1211607003 issue 121 pp. 116 – 165 30.09.2016 ru 602
It is well known that genetics studies the mechanisms of variation/heredity and widely uses the concept of "genetic information". While genetics considers the information as the content of the genetic code - structure of DNA and RNA included in the cell of a living organism. Genetics examines the mechanisms of recording, copying, readout of genetic information, the possibility of its modification and its influence on the characteristics and properties of the organism. In conversational and scientific language we know phrases, such as "Genes contain information about the characteristics/properties of the body." Paradoxically, we see no attempts to determine the amount of information contained in specific genes on specific characteristics or phenotypic properties of the organism. It would seem that the application of information theory in genetics is a completely natural and suggests itself. More strange that there are practically no works devoted to the application of information theory for solving problems of genetics. This article is intended, to some extent, to fill this gap on the example of calculating the amount of information in the genes of the characteristics or properties of different grape varieties. It examines the application of automated system-cognitive analysis (ASC-analysis), its mathematical model – system of information theory and software tools – intellectual system called "Eidos" for solving one of the important tasks of genetics: determine the amount of information contained in the genes on various phenotypic characteristics/properties of the grapes. To solve this problem, we perform the following steps: 1) cognitive-targeted structuring of the subject area; 2) the formalization of the subject area, i.e. development of classification and descriptive dials and graduations and training samples; 3) synthesis and verification of information model, reflecting the amount of information in the genes on the phenotypic characteristics/properties (multiparameter typing); 4) displaying the information about the genetic determination system of phenotypic characteristics/properties (SWOT analysis of Fennovoima); 5) displaying the information about the strength and direction of influence of a specific gene on phenotypic characteristics/properties (SWOT-diagrams of genes); 6) the solution to the problem of system identification phenotypic characteristics/properties by the presence of certain genes; 7) quantification of the similarities-differences of the various phenotypic characteristics/properties, upon determination system genes. A specific phenotypic property (or characteristic) is regarded as a noisy genetic text, including genetic information about the true gene property (clean signal) and the noise that distorts this information due to the random effects of the environment. The software tool of the ask-analysis which is "Eidos" intellectual system provides the noise suppression and the selection of true signal
2838 kb

THE STUDY OF GRAPE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS GENE POOL

abstract 1191605090 issue 119 pp. 1337 – 1355 31.05.2016 ru 601
The article presents the results of studies of 92 indigenous varieties and 15 wild genotypes by 24 microsatellite markers. As a result a locus database about germplasm in the collection stored at the Russian ampelographical collection AZOSViV (Anapa Zone Experimental Station of Viticulture and winemaking) was created. During the research of varietal breeding populations confirmed the validity in the production of the cultivar of Krasnostop anapsky with obvious changes in microsatellite sequences as a clone of famous indigenous Don cultivar Krasnostop Zolotovskii. This clone was selected in 1953 by prominent agrotechnologist Zotkin Ivan Ivanovich which is propagated by the author and his followers, and after a formal registration submitted to state testing in 2007 in GSK RF, zoned in the North Caucasus region (number 6) in 2014 year. Sort -clone Krasnostop anapsky only in the Kuban today cultivating in 35 hectares. By using molecular genetic techniques, now clonal selection of vine grapes is reasonably improving. Recent data collected by us in the work process, were analyzed a comprehensive manner, making it possible to draw conclusions about distinctness of grape varieties. Some clones were studied by DNA primers, based on retrotransposon sequences
598 kb

INTRODUCTION OF NEW PERSPECTIVE TABLE GRADES OF GRAPES TO IN VITRO CULTURE

abstract 1241610008 issue 124 pp. 168 – 180 30.12.2016 ru 591
In this article we present information on features of microcloning in culture of in vitro of perspective for Eurasia, pink and white-berry table genetic grades of grapes by I. A. Kostrikin, V. N. Kraynov and V. V. Zagorulko. Researches were conducted at an input stage in culture of in vitro of meristems of 0,1-0,2 mm in size. At the majority of grades and forms, we noted good regeneration abilities in the conditions of sterile culture. It is bound to the fact that almost all the studied grades: Anyuta, Bogatyanovsky, the Princess Olga, Preobrazhenie, Anniversary of Novocherkassk, Favor are received from crossing of couple the Mascot × Sultana-ray grape. And only grades called Libya and Lowland which showed lower regeneration properties at stages of proliferation and rooting of shoots are received from crossing the couple of Flamingo × Arkadya and (Talisman x Tomaysky) respectively. At the same time, the grade of Talisman, being one of the parents of the majority of the studied grades, showed stable results at all stages of cultivation
910 kb

OENOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF MERLOT VARIETY AND ITS CLONES IN DIFFERENT ZONES OF GROWTH

abstract 1271703070 issue 127 pp. 980 – 995 31.03.2017 ru 559
The article presents the results of the study of yield, mechanical and biochemical composition of Merlot grape vine variety and its two clones in the conditions of Taman and Anapa subzone of the Krasnodar region. Clones differ from the maternal variety by the large number of berries in the bunch, the mass of the berry, the average mass of the bunch and the yield. Maternal variety and its clones are characterized by very close percentages of berries and combs in the bunch and by indicators of the structure, composition and structure of the bunch. By the yield of juice percentage, in different growth areas clones showed the same results as the original variety. According to the content of glucose, fructose, organic acids (wine, apple, citric, succinic), potassium, sodium, magnesium and calcium cations in the juice of berries, there is no reliable differences between the original variety and its clones. The content of dry substances, sugars, titrated acids, and the sugar-acid coefficient depended on the yield, but in general, they were favorable for the production of wine materials and juices. Merlo phanagoriiskii and Merloc are ecologically plastic and belong to the first group of varieties that retain their valuable characteristics in different areas of growth
690 kb

OPTIMIZATION OF THE LENGTH OF TRIMMING AND THE LOAD OF BUSHES WITH BUDS OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF GRAPES IN TAMAN

abstract 1241610074 issue 124 pp. 1162 – 1181 30.12.2016 ru 538
Numerous studies have found a different quality of the buds along the length of the fruit arms, which expressed various degrees establishing embryonic inflorescences in the central buds. It is revealed that many of the grapes have more fruit-bearing eyes formed on average (4-6 knots) and upper (7 to 10 knots) levels of fruit escape, compared to the lower (1-3 nodes) layer. In connection with the different quality of the buds along the length of fruit vines should be used and different ways of cutting them. It is necessary to consider the biological characteristics of varieties, ways of doing and shaping the bushes, the weather conditions of the area during the growing season and relative calm. To receive annually a stable high yield of grapes, we must first set the optimal length of pruning fruit shoots and optimal load on the Bush healthy eyes. This requires for each class on the eve of trimming bushes to carry out the analysis of the wintering holes along the length of the fruit shoots and to identify the embryonic fruitfulness of Central buds, i.e. to carry out the prediction of grape yield next year. The article presents data on the formation of the embryonic fruitfulness of Central buds of wintering buds at the Taman group of grapes – Arcadia, Viorica, Hibernal, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Moldova, Pinot white, Riesling, Saperavi, Traminer pink, Tsimlyansky black, Chardonnay. Found higher rates of embryonic fruitfulness of Central buds buds in the studied grape varieties - Chardonnay, Riesling, Viorica, Hibernal, Merlot, Moldova, where the coefficients of fruiting ranged from 1.40 m from Riesling to 1.69 from Merlot; factor productivity of 1.58 from the Chardonnay to 1.77 from Merlo. The high percentage of fruitful buds from 80,8 from Cabernet Sauvignon to 95.6 in the cultivars Merlot and Chardonnay. A higher percentage of eyes with 2 embryonic buds in the cultivars Merlot and Viorica who have this indicator amounted to, respectively: 75,6 and 70.6%. Forecasting a crop of grapes next year to trim the bushes on the proposed method will provide a full crop of grapes
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INTRODUCTION OF NEW GRAPES VARIETIES TO THE IN VITRO CULTURE

abstract 1231609023 issue 123 pp. 339 – 346 30.11.2016 ru 525
Clonal micro-multiplication – is this the basic method of obtaining the qualitative virus-free planting material. The high quality specificity of the explants reaction of the grapes varieties to the composition of nutrient medium requires the individual selection of the medium components for the most successful multiplication in vitro. In the article we present the results of studies on the cultivation of the grapes apexes in vitro the modified medium with the reduced content of macrocells. As a result of conducted investigations we have established that for the grapes varieties of Academic Trubilin, Artemis, Gurman Kraynova, Maria Kallas, Nizina, Petit Verdo and Traminer Black the most effective introduction into the in vitro culture (acclimatization of apexes 80- 100%) occurs on modified nutrient medium to Murasige and Skoog (1962), by being differed in terms of the content macro-elements (mG/l): NH4NO3 – 1237; KNO3 – 1425; MgSO4 · 7N2O – 277,5; KN2PO4 · H2O – 277,5, of the vitamin Of v1 – 10,0 mG/l, nicotinic acid – 4 mG/l. Remaining varieties of Kishmish luchistiy, Preobrajenie, Roshfor K and Yubiley Novocherkasska in the same medium were developed slowly and in a different way
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