Scientific Journal of KubSAU

Trapsa is a Greek native variety. It belongs to the variety group of the Black sea basin (convar. pontica subconar. balcanica Negr.) ,has limited spreading. The length of productive period is 156-165 days. Variety is medium-sized. Degree of cane maturation is high. Productivity is very high. Percentage of fruitful tillers is 90. The average mass of clusters is 500 g. It differs with high drought resistance and average resistance to fungi diseases. Under bud germination is recognized by crown of green color with winy-red shadow, with strong webby swelling. Plate of a leaf is large, dark-green shadow, form is pentagular, with five lobules, top surface of plate is honeycombed. Cluster is large, conic and compact. Flesh with nice variety after taste. Berry is average size, round, navy-black color. Sugar content is high. Variety is for making of high quality red wines of different categories in southern zones of grape-growing with hot and dry climate.

Problems of biometric evaluation of morphological features of clones for identification of variety group Merlo genotypes were considered in the paper.

The article contains the results the study of the mechanical composition of clusters and biochemical characteristics of the red wine grape varieties of Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc and Merlot (regionalized), Cabernet Carbon, Cabernet Kortis and Verdot black (introduced). In terms of the structure of the cluster of the variety they can be divided into three groups: Cabernet Kortis and Cabernet Sauvignon (16,6-16,8), Cabernet Carbon, Cabernet Franc and Verdot Black (17,5-17,9), Merlot (19.9 ). In terms of addition of the variety they can be divided into four groups: Cabernet Franc (6.3), Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot (4.9-5.0), Cabernet Carbon (4.3), Verdot Black and Cabernet Kortis (3, 7-3,4). Structural parameters of the clusters of the varieties we have studied were ranged from 5.1 to 5.6, and the berry from 64.3 to 74. The yield of the wort from Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc and Merlot is equal to 75,1-77,7% from Cabernet Carbon, Cabernet Kortis and Verdot Black - 70,5-72%. Mass concentration of sugars in the studied varieties was in the range of 22,3-26 g / 100 cm3, titrated acids - 0,47-0,77 g / 100 cm3, active acidity - 3.1-3.8. The ratio of fructose to glucose was: Verdot Black - 1.2, Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Carbon - 1.5, Cabernet Kortis - 1.8, Kabernet Franc - 2.8, Merlot - 3.2. Most ranged organic acid in all varieties – wine acide. Relation of the content of tartaric and wine acids in varieties amounted: Cabernet Kortis 7: 1, Cabernet Karbon 6: 1, Cabernet Franc 2.8: 1, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot 2: 1, Verdot Black 1,4-1. Mass concentration of cations in the varieties was (in mg / dm3): potassium - 816,4-1770, sodium - 13,03-21,31, magnesium - 76,21-106, calcium - 52,24-89,45. In comparison with Cabernet Sauvignon larger potassium cations had Cabernet Franc and Merlot, sodium cations - Cabernet Carbon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, magnesium cations - Cabernet Carbon, Kortis, Cabernet, Merlot, calcium cations - Cabernet Kortis, Merlot and Cabernet Carbon

Vasily Nosulchak, the newest complex-resistant tableless seedless grape variety, was bred in Greece by Pantelei Zamanidi and Leonid Troshin in 2013 by crossing the Talisman variety with the Yanaky variety. The created variety is a complex inter-species Euro-American-Amur hybrid. The duration of the production period is 146-155 days. The growth of shoots is strong. The degree of grapevine maturing high. Yield is very high. Percentage of fruit-bearing shoots 90. Average weight of bunches 900 g. It is stainable for high winter hardiness, drought resistance and increased resistance to fungal diseases, tolerant to phylloxera. The top of the young shoot is green without pubescence. Young shoots are green, without pubescence. The flower is hermaphroditic. The cluster is large, conical, branching, winged, of medium density. The berry is medium-sized, short elliptical, green-yellow. Peel is thin, strong. The pulp is juicy, with a varietal flavor. The sugar content is high. Rudiments of seeds are soft. The variety is intended for fresh consumption and kishmish production. The table high-yielding seedless variety Vasiliy Nosulchak in terms of winter hardiness, resistance to diseases and pests significantly exceeds all Eurasian varieties of table and kishmish designation. Can be used as a table grapevine for fresh consumption on site and for export, as well as for the production of high-quality dried products. As a winter-hardy variety, it is very promising for cultivation in covered viticulture zones, where table varieties require shelter for the winter. It is of great interest for selection work in breeding frost-resistant, diseases and pests of seedless varieties. To determine the influence of different ecological conditions on the growth, development, quantity and quality of the crop, the variety must be tested on all continents in different ecological and geographical areas of cultivation - in the grapes producing countries of America, Eurasia, Australia, Africa

In this article botanical and morphometrical characteristics of four wild-growing biotypes of Azerbaijan, growing on the Nakhichevan plain - original natural reserve of the richest vegetable gene pool of Eurasia are listed. Unique lianas are discovered, featured and listed under titles of Ajryndzh, Dary-dag, Ilandy-dag and Ordubad. Their comparison on 40 arguments of leaves with reference Vitis vinifera silvestris Gmel. triune herbarium of Russia and Ukraine is resulted

The article describes the history of the institute called "Magarach" and the formation of the world's ampelographic collections in the Crimea and Kuban, provides data on the genetic diversity of the original parent Crimean collection of grape, carries out the impact of its long-term ampelo-breeding and genetic work. We have found the best ampelo-genetic rennets, both in the Crimea (zoned in Russia and abroad varieties of Academician Avidzba, Pervanets Magaracha, Jubilee Magarach, Antei magarachsky, Nimrang ustoichivii, Podarok Magaracha, Riesling Magaracha Novoukrainsky Rannii, Granatovii Magaracha, Krymchanin, Rkatsiteli Magaracha, Spartanets Magaracha, Tavkveri Magaracha, Citronnii Magaracha, promising varieties Livya, Solnetchnaja grozd, etc..) and in the Kuban region. Magarach ampelographic collection was and still is the parent of many national collections of gene pools of, the former Soviet republics, including the Russian Federation as well: Anapa ampelographic collection in the North Caucasus NIISiV has 3356 samples collected from 41 countries, including ones from the institute of "Magarach" (about 40%). Using its base we had a comprehensive biological and economic evaluation of the outstanding genotypes for ampelo-genetic and clonal selection – such as zoned Bogotyanovsky, Helios, Dolgogdannii, Kubattik, Libya K, Arathi, Preobragenie, Rochefort K, Chrizolit, Citrine, Anthracite, promising varieties Annie, Baikonur, Gourmet Kra, Memory Master Nesvet Gift, Jubilee Novocherkasska, etc.

The article presents results of the study of yield, mechanical composition and quality of bunches of newest white grapevine varieties called Artemis, Sauvignon tamanskii and Inkroche tamanskii, in the conditions of Taman in the Krasnodar region. The yield of the studied genotypes ranged from 10.4 to 13.3 t / ha: the highest yield was in Artemis, and the lowest – in Sauvignon tamanskii. The average weight of the bunch was in Sauvignon tamanskii (152 g), the variety Artemis had 143 g and Inkroche tamanskii had 130 g of bunch weight. The percentage of berries in clusters ranged from 95.3 in Artemis to 95.9 in Inkroche tamanskii and Sauvignon tamanskii. The ratio of fruit mass to the mass of crests was 20.3 in the varieties of Artemis and 23.5 in Inkroche tamanskii and Sauvignon tamanskii. In genotypes of Artemis, Sauvignon and Inkroche Taman Taman the weight of 100 berries was 200, 160 and 130 g, respectively, the mass of 100 seeds - 4.6; 3.1 and 2.9 g, the average weight of the pulp from the juice to the weight of the skin - 24.3; 19.5; 15.9. The percentage of pulp and juice in clusters of the studied varieties was 85,9-89,1%, and the ratio of pulp to juice to the solid residue 6,1-8,2. Yield of musts from the studied sample was 74,5-75,4%. The content of sugars in the berries (17,5-19,6 g / 100 cm3) was dependent on the yield, the characteristics of varieties and timing of the harvest, but the harvest was favorable for the production of beverages and wine materials

The article presents the data on the formation of the embryonic fruitfulness of central ovaries of wintering buds of the group of technical grape varieties with white berries - White Muscat; Pinot White, Chardonnay, Citron Magaracha, Pervenets Magaracha; Riesling, Viorica, Riton, Crystal in the conditions of Anapa-Taman zone. There were revealed the rates of embryonic fruitfulness of central ovaries of buds of studied cultivars and fruiting indices of vegetative shoots developed from them. In all studied grape varieties there was revealed a high percentage of fruitful buds from 84,1 in the variety of Riton at 97.2 at Viorica; and the percentage of fertile vegetative shoots from 81,8 at the variety Citron Magaracha to 97.2 in the variety White Muscat. At the leveled load of bushes, vegetative shoots and the same scheme of planting of bushes (3 x 2 m), the highest yield in terms per hectare showed the varieties Pervenets Magaracha, Viorica, Riton, Crystal, Riesling and Citron Magarach. When assessing the economic efficiency the highest net income and level of profitability were identified in the varieties of Citron Magaracha, Pervenets Magaracha, Viorica and Riton. In order to determine which buds will give us shoots with large, well-developed (well-differentiated) buds, and which will not give (weakly differentiated), it is necessary "to look inside a bud". But even already formed germs of inflorescences in the bud are able in a few days in spring or dedifferentiate or degrade depending on the influence of external conditions. Scientists have learned to use this ability to increase the maximum possible yield in years of severe damage of grape by frosts. Firstly, in frosty winters the central buds wither out. The replacing buds usually have poor fruiting and bad productivity during years. In such cases, it is more profitable to conduct a small cutting of angle buds arranged in a circle at the base of a shoot. At the beginning of the second vegetation phase, these buds will obtain the great bulk plastic substances, which will cause the dedifferentiation of rudiments of inflorescences in them. Thus, it is possible not only to restore rapidly the normal shape of a bush, but to obtain a good harvest this year

Черешки листьев, взятых из растений ин витро, девяти межвидовых гибридов винограда: подвоев Берландиери х Рипариа ‘Кобер 5ББ’, Рипариа х Рупестрис ‘101-14’ и сортов (cvs): 'Бианка', 'Зигфридребе', 'Подарок Магарача’, ‘Первенец Магарача’, ‘Цитронный Магарача’, ‘Интервитис Магарача’ и гибридной формы ‘Магарач 100-74-1-5' культивировали на твердой среде NN, содержащей различные концентрации 2,4-D и BА в различных сочетаниях. Для того, чтобы инициировать рост клеточных суспензий, проэмбриогенные каллусы пересаживали в жидкую среду NN, дополненную 1.0 мг/л 2,4-Д и 0,2 мг/л BА. Субкультивирование этих суспензий в жидкую среду NN, дополненную 2 мг/л NAA и 0,1 мг/л BА, привело к развитию агрегатов эмбриоидов, а пересадка в жидкую среду с 0,5 мг/л BА вызвала развитие единичных глобулярных и сердцевидных эмбриоидов. Проэмбриогенные клеточные суспензии, состоящие из преимущественно отдельных клеток, могут быть использованы в трансформации генов и селекции на клеточном уровне с целью уменьшения вероятности появления химерных растений

The "Academician Trubilin" breed of grape with the colored pulp and juice is bred in Greece by P.Zamanidi, L.Troshin and L.Maltabar in 2003 by mating of the Greek breed of Armeletusa with French Alikant Bush. Duration of rule-oriented phase is 146-155 days. Productivity is high. The medial mass of racemations is 170 gr. Differs with high winter-hardiness, drought resistance and raised sustainability to fungous diseases in comparison with breeds of Vitis vinifera L. Flower is bisexual. A racemation is medial, cylindrical with a wing, medial denseness. Bacca is small, roundish, blue-black color, with a dense wax coating. Peel is tight. Pulp and juice are intensely colored, with high quality tang. Sugar content is high. Differs with long preservation of crop on bushes. The breed is designed for production of intensely colored dry red wines of the excellent class, and also for high-grade dessert and sweet wines; it is applicable for making high-grade juice as well