Scientific Journal of KubSAU

The grade of grapes "Academician Eryomin" is introduced in Greece by P.Zamanidi and L.Troshin in 2002 by crossing of Greek Trapsa grade with French Alikant Bush. Duration of production period is 146-155 days. Productivity is very high. The average weight of clusters is 230 gr. It differs by high winter hardiness, drought resistance and raised stability to mushroom illnesses in comparison with grades of Vitis vinifera. The flower is hermaphroditic. Grapes are average size, conic, average density. A berry of average size, roundish, blue-black color, with dense wax touch. A peel is tight. Pulp and juice are intensively painted, with the sort taste. Sugar content is high. Grapes are dried when overripen, concentration of sugars thus reaches 30 and more units. The grade is intended for manufacturing of intensively painted dry red wines of an excellent class, and also high-quality dessert and sweet wines; it is suitable for manufacturing of high-quality juices as well

Peculiarities of breeding oidium-resistant genotypes in crossing Crimea autochthonous grape varieties with complex interspecific hybrids were studied. Twentytwo populations consisting of 1323 seedlings were analyzed over a period of 2008-2014. The highest oidium resistance was registered in the progeny of the cross Khersonesskii х ЖС 26-205 (6.8 points), and the average estimate of oidium resistance across all the study populations was higher than that of the initial autochthonous grapes of the Crimea. The level of hypothetical heterosis in the majority of the study populations indicates that, on the whole, the hybrid seedlings possess a higher oidium resistance relative to the initial Crimea autochthonous grapes. The highest breeding value was associated with cross combinations having the complex interspecific hybrids Muscat JIM, Spartanets Magaracha and Magarach 31-77-10 in their pedigrees. The cross combination Muscat JIM х Shabash was the most efficient, yielding 10.7 per cent of oidium-resistant seedlings. It was reliably established that a high level of the genotypically determined inheritance of oidium resistance is found in crosses with the participation of the interspecific forms Magarach № 31-77-10 and Muscat JIM (female parents) and Spartanets Magaracha and Tsitronnyi Magaracha (male parents). The expediency of this direction of breeding research was proved

The leading place among different methods of clone selection of grapes takes the method of professor A.S. Merganian. This method is put the base of modern clone selection which provides a reliable results on practice.

In this innovation section there are necessary agrotechnical receptions of care by the vineyard bushes, providing reception of high and qualitative crops of grapes. First of all, these are gartering of sleeves, fruit arrows, vegetating arms; operations with green bodies of a bush, fragmentation, extrapollination, stopping, girdling, stamping, etc., and also mechanization of care works