№ 132(8), October, 2017
Date issued: 31.10.2017
Physical Sciences and Engineering
The soil fertility increase issues are very relevant now. Intensive development of agriculture cannot be made effectively without complex actions for farmlands protection from different types of degradations. On the one hand, it is necessary to ensure the maximum harvest of crops, and to preserve and increase the fertility of the soil and prevent negative anthropogenic impact on the environment on the other. For an extended reproduction of soil fertility, a system of measures is necessary for introduction of mineral and organic fertilizers into the soil, agrotechnical and reclamation methods, stimulation of humus formation processes, and so on. Therefore, methods are important that allow us to estimate the planned measures in advance to improve soil fertility and to eliminate environmental damage. In the article, the estimated parameters are treated by random variables. This allows us to consider the uncertainty in terms of probability distributions. It is offered a probabilistic model of the process of reducing the price of the proposed activity. Mathematical expectation, variance, distribution density of the considered random variable probabilities as the main characteristics of the object state price are calculated. The model can be used to address issues of rational use of land, scientifically based land management organization, when drafting land reclamation project
The concept of generic polynomial appeared in
Saltman’s works at the end of the last century and it is
connected with the inverse problem of Galois theory,
which is still far from its complete solution. Let G be a
finite group and K be a field, the polynomial
f(x,t1, … , tn) with coefficients from the field K is
generic for the group G, if Galois group of this
polynomial over the field K(t1, … , tn) is isomorphic G
and if for any Galois extension L/K with Galois group
isomorphic G there are such values of parameters
ti
= ai
, i = 1,2, … , n, that the field L is the splitting
field of the polynomial f(x,a1, … , an) over K. Generic
polynomials over a given field K and a given finite
group G do not always exist, and if they exist then it’s
not easy to construct them. For example, for a cyclic
group of the eight order C8 there is no generic
polynomial over the field of rational numbers Q,
although there are found specific polynomials with
rational coefficients having Galois group isomorphic
C8. Therefore, this is of interest to construct generic
polynomials for the group G in cases when G is a
direct product of groups of lower orders. In this study
we show to solve this problem in case when G is a
direct product of certain cyclic groups and there is a
type of corresponding generic polynomials. Moreover,
we give constructions over the fields of characteristic 0
and over the fields of characteristic 2
A model is developed that describes the formation of the
plasma channel and the trace when moving in a
conducting medium of various objects that are sources of
plasma - ball lightning, plasmoids, charged particles, and
so on. To describe the contribution of conduction
currents, we modified the standard electrostatic equation
considering the vortex component of the electric field.
As a result of this generalization, a system of parabolictype
nonlinear equations is formulated that describes the
formation of the plasma channel and the track behind the
moving object. In this formulation, the problem of the
formation of the lightning channel in weak electric
fields, characteristic for atmospheric discharges of cloudearth,
is solved. Numerical simulation of the motion of
plasma sources in a region with a ratio of the sizes 1/100,
1/200 makes it possible to find the shape of the channel
and the total length of the track, as well as the branching
regimes. It was previously established that there are three
streamer branching mechanisms. The first mechanism is
associated with the instability of the front, which leads to
the separation of the head of the streamer into two parts.
The second mechanism is related to the instability of the
streamer in the base region, which leads to the branching
of the streamer with the formation of a large number of
lateral streamers closing the main channel of the
streamer to the cathode. The third branching mechanism,
observed in experiments, is associated with the closure
of the space charge to the anode through the streamer
system. These branching mechanisms are also revealed
when the leader is spread. Numerical experiments have
revealed a new channel branching mechanism and a
trace behind a moving plasma object, caused by the
conductivity of the medium
Physical Sciences and Engineering
QuЕChERS SAMPLE PREPARATION IN THE DETERMINATION OF PESTICIDES OF DIFFERENT CHEMICAL CLASSES BY HPLC
The method has been developed of simultaneous
determination of active ingredients of different kinds
of pesticides in biological tissues (fish liver) by
applying HPLC with ultra-violet detection and the
rapid method of QuEChERS sample preparation. We
defined optimum volume and composition of the
reagents for the extraction, time of centrifugation and
ultrasound treatment, the origin and composition of
sorbents that ensure maximum extraction of the
substances studied and further cleanup of interfering
substances. Acetonitrile was used as a solvent. The
extraction was carried out in the presence of a
buffering mixture - trisodium citrate dihydrate and
disodium citrate hemihydrate. Bondesil PSA bulk
sorbents (alkylated amine containing two amine
functional groups - secondary and primary) and C18E
(reversed-phase sorbent based on silica gel with
grafted octadecylsilane groups were used to purify the
extract from coextractable substances (fats, proteins,
sugars, organic and fatty acids, pigments and other
impurities). The degree of extraction of the analyzed
active ingredients of pesticides from the liver of fish
was 79%. The detectable pesticide concentrations
ranged from 0,4 to 0,97 mg/kg. The relative standard
deviation of the analysis results amounted to 0,01-0,14
The article presents the results of the development of
an alternative model for calculating the values of
atomic radius. A formula was derived for calculating
the atomic radius of the elements of the Periodic
System of DI Mendeleev. The optimal calculation
conditions for the proposed model are found. It is
shown that the curve of the dependence of the value of
the correction coefficient x on the atomic number of
the element in form coincides with the dependence of
the ionization energy on the charge number
The results of investigation of melanoidin’s formation
early stages in acidic ethanolic D-glucose – p-toluidine
model system are presented. Based on the elemental
analysis, IR- and UV-spectroscopy data obtained we
have shown, that in system studied Amadori
rearrangement product undergo the aryl amine
elimination during browning to form a nonnitrogenous
reductons with antioxidative activity in
processes of linoleic acid oxidation. It is also noted,
that in system studied inhibition of carbohydrate’s
destruction occurs because of non-reactive O-ethylglycosides
formation. The data obtained may be useful
for technology of carbohydrate-containing raw
material
Life Sciences
The differential stability of mRNA is an important
mechanism for posttranscriptional regulation of gene
expression in eukaryotes. Messenger RNA stability is
controlled by specific genes and growth conditions.
The review examines the theoretical possibility of
mRNA stabilization in vivo as a consequence of
replacing carbon atoms (C) or phosphorus (P),
composed of nucleic acid on the silicon (Si) atom.
During isolation of poly-(A)+mRNA from plant
tissues by the two-cycle affinity chromatography on
poly-(U)-Sepharose, regular changes in poly-
(A)++mRNA yield were observed. The changes
varied both with the plant genotype and growth
conditions. Celite treatment of heated and unheated
total RNA preparations from developing corn kernels
and from green and etiolated wheat seedlings.
Messenger RNA that differed in the length of poly-
(A)-sequences was used for hybridization. It is
evident that a reduction of poly-(A)-length causes
alterations in spatial structure of mRNA, and
associated proteins and cations Mg++ become
accessible to celite absorption. Heating promotes
melting of secondary structure, already initiated, and
increases the efficiency of mRNA stabilization by
celite. Interpreting the facts interact celite with mRNA
in vitro and stabilization of mRNA in vivo by
cycloheximide with a modern point of view can be considered with the position research of the
phenomenon of RNA interference
Industrial horticulture assumes the most effective use of
the potential of varieties. One of the key factors
determining the yield of garden plantings is the
effectiveness of pollination. To obtain the maximum
yield, it is necessary to ensure maximum pollination
during the flowering period. For this reason, much
attention has been paid to the selection of pollinators.
Crab-apple forms are promising for use as pollinators, so
this work was aimed at identifying the most common
alleles of the self-incompatibility gene in the crab-forms
using the molecular genetic method of analysis. The
object of the study was 29 apple-tree creams and 3 elite
selection forms. They carried out the molecular genetic
identification of alleles S2 and S10, which are among
the most common apple trees in the world gene pool.
Allele S2 was identified in 16 samples (14 forms and 2
elite selection forms), while S10 allele in one
sample (elite form 12/2-20 (24-28)). Data on the allelic
composition of the S gene in the samples studied are of
value for the formation of a genetic passport on the
compatibility of the studied samples of apple with
modern industrial varieties
The article presents the first results of studies of
somaclonal variability, which take place during
cultivation of tea plants tissues and organs in vitro
culture. As a starting material, there was used
morphogenic callus, isolated from the basal part of tea
microshoots, because callus increases somaclonal
variability. An optimized protocol of the nutrient
medium for induction gemmogenesis to product somatic
clones of tea plants in vitro culture was developed.
Morphogenesis calluses, initiated from the basal part of
tea microshoots and subcultured on the nutrient medium
with 6 – BAP – 2,5 ml + gibberellic acid – 1,0 ml +
Tidiazuron – 4,0 ml + Tryptophan – 1000 mg,
distinguished by high rates of induction of
gemmogenesis – 63,3 %. The article studies the effect of
exogenous growth regulators on morphological and
growth indices of tea callus culture in vitro
The pathogenic agent of apple scab disease, Venturia
inaequalis (Cooke) Winter, causes significant damage
to the industrial production of apples. Studying the
pathogen in pure culture is important for solving the
theoretical and practical issues of its biology. The
sporulation ability of the Venturia inaequalis
laboratory culture is an important diagnostic feature in
morphological culture analysis, in the test for
sensitivity to fungicides, when creating a collection
inoculum for an artificial infection. We have studied
the morphological features of conidiogenesis of pure
V. inaequalis culture, such as the location of
conidiogenic structures and their form. For the first
time in the laboratory culture of the pathogen,
sporulation in the thickness of agar on the substrate
mycelium was demonstrated. Conidiogenesis
proceeded according to the blastic-annellidic type.
Depending on the location of the conidiogenic
structures on the aerial or substrate mycelium, their
morphology was different. Conidiogenic areas in the
substrate mycelium could be observed with the
unaided eye, in the form of hyphal grit, while they
were conidia conglomerations in each annelid.
Annellide had a curved shape. On the aerial mycelium,
annelids were straight and always had only one
conidium. Differences in the morphology of
conidiogenic structures are supposed to be related to
the physical conditions of the environment in which
sporulation takes place. In the agar, each mature
conidium remaining at the apex of the annelid
interferes with the formation of the next one, which
results in its bending. The fixed arrangement of
conidiogenic structures and forming conidia in the
thickness of agar allows the use of substrate
sporification for model studies of the conidiogenesis
process
The work was carried out in the scientific-research
laboratory of the chair of Biotechnology, Biochemistry
and Biophysics of Kuban SAU, the aim of which is the
search of optimal conditions of obtaining the
hydrolyzates of lactic acid bacteria by thermoacid and
enzymatic ways. The pure cultures of microflora of
gastrointestinal tract of quails − Lactobacillus agilis,
Lactobacillus intermedius and Lactobacillus salivarius
were the object of researches. Under conducting the
thermal acid hydrolysis there were used the same
correlations of bacterial mass and water as well as
procedures of clearing of hydrolyzates. The variable
conditions were рН, temperature and time of hydrolysis.
When carrying out the enzymatic hydrolysis in this
study there was used the enzyme from the group of
muramidase lysozyme. The amount of enzymes and
time of carried out hydrolysis were the variable
conditions under obtaining the enzymatic
hydrolyzates. In the process of researches there were
studied: qualitative content of total protein, peptides
with М.м. < 1500, protein and peptides with M.m. >
1500, aminoacids and as well as GMDP
(glucosaminilmuramilpentapeptide). On the basis of
carried out experiments there was stated that according
to all components of biologically active substances the
thermal acid way is more effective than enzymatic. The maximum accumulation of BAA in hydrolyzates
by different ways was revealed at destruction of cells
Lb. intermedius. Content of GMDP in thermal acid
hydrolyzate was higher than in enzymatic on
0,028 g/100 ml (51,8 %)
Physical Sciences and Engineering
The dynamics of changes in the species diversity of
radiolarians during the last 150 million years with
accuracy to one geological century was determined.
The basic patterns of species and taxa of high rank
change had been established for the boundary
between Cretaceous and Paleogene. There were
revealed topomorphic features of bipolar species,
which have succeeded from the Cretaceous into the
Paleogene and became ancestors of Cenozoic
radiolarian fauna. Changes in the species number in
the boundary between Cretaceous and Paleogene
periods, and also significant variations in the species
diversity in Paleocene and Eocene are connected to a
combination of a number of factors. The most
important of those factors are geological processes,
causing extensive transgressions and regressions,
climate variability, the overall evolution direction of
the Earth biota and competition for important
chemical components for the Radiolaria’s livelihood.
The emergence of powerful tropical forests on the
land with their huge bio-production and bio-chemical
erosion is connected to late Cretaceous era. This
resulted increasing of the dissolved material
proceeding into the sedimentation pool, what is
confirmed by classical bauxites emergence. Because
aluminium oxide and silicon oxide are geochemically
connected, we can state as well about
increasing of dissolved silica flow initiated
development of Diatoms, which became competitors
to Radiolaria in their battle for silica. The last ones
are lost this battle, what caused the species
decreasing. That was not a catastrophic event with
immediate extinction, but a long process
Physical Sciences and Engineering
The competitiveness of any company engaged in the
wholesale or retail sale of goods and services is
substantially determined by the level of quality of the
services provided. For the accompanying business of
vertically integrated oil companies, the criterion of
quality service is not an exception. Currently, cafes
and shops at the refueling complex are not only a
convenient service for customers, but also a solid
source of additional revenues for the largest oil
companies, each of which seeks to make the retail
network attractive to customers by offering a wide
range of goods in stores, ready meals in a cafe, and
related services. To satisfy the needs of the client, it is
necessary to offer a wide, but rational assortment of
goods at the refueling complexes. The claimed goods
must always be at the refueling complexes. The lack of
goods necessary for the customer on the shelf means
the loss of sales and profits, the order and location of
goods that are not in demand - the formation of
surpluses, returns to the supplier and write-offs. This
also affects the overall economic performance of the
company. In this regard, the increase of logistics
service is one of the priority tasks of the
accompanying business of vertically integrated oil
companies
The work was carried out not only in the scientific, but
also in practical directions, the key part of which was
the modeling of the system. Consideration of the
presented modeling processes occurred on the basis of
the delivered pedagogical experiment associated with
the introduction in the discipline "Engineering
Graphics" of a new tool for the military educational
institution to obtain the final graphic design document.
The purpose of the experiment included a comparative
analysis of modeling tools (manual and machine) and
their impact on the production of the final product
(drawing). As a tool, the computer-aided design
system Кompas-3D was used. The presented research
was worked out in practical classes of the specified
discipline, the theme of one of them was "Image of
thread and threaded connections". With the help of the
graphic editor Compass-3D, a model of the shaft and
bushing with the specified thread profile was obtained,
as well as the assembly unit based on them. The entire
way of obtaining the above objects for convenience
and ease of perception has been broken down into
certain stages. The results of the pedagogical
experiment were very satisfactory; the goal of the
practical training was fully achieved
Results of the research on ecological safety of utilizing high clearance tractors for cultivation and harvesting of high stalk plants are presented. Purpose of the research was to decrease damaging of high stalk plants during multi-pass harvesting by tractor parts. For increasing efficiency and competitiveness of high stalk plants decreasing prime cost of production, increasing profitability and labor productivity are required. This can be achieved by introducing complex factors, which together with other factors as complex technological and technical modernization are required. Basic direction of modernization is utilizing completely new technologies and renewal of machines. Modern tractors utilized for tobacco growing have been analyzed. Basic demands for high clearance tractor which can be used for tobacco, grape and fruit trees growing have been developed. Researches on studying the tobacco plant folding during harvesting have been carried. Scheme of high clearance tractor MTZ-80 which can be assembled with machines for multi-pass harvesting of high stalk plants without their damaging has been developed. New scheme for modernization tractor MTZ-80 into high clearance model has been proposed. It can be done by changing speed reducers and forward wheels with size 11,2x20 on size 11,2x28. This will increase clearance from 470 to 840 mm
Nowadays, in Russia the problem of utilization of self-propelled vehicles has not been solved yet. This problem remains because in Russia there is no accurate system of cooperation between developers, producers and customers of mechanical products. The article analyses Russian and foreign experience in solving this issue, gives brief information about working out Russian system of agricultural machines utilization
The content of metals in raw rice is determined.
Inversion voltammetry (IVA) was carried out in an
accredited laboratory on the "Ta-Lab" device of the
company "Tom-Analit" LLC according to the
approved method of ERD F 16.1: 2: 2.2: 2.3.46-06.
Silicon dioxide is determined according to ERD F
16.1: 2: 2.2: 3.65-10 and humidity according to GOST
5180-2015. Preparation for the IVA is illustrated.
Voltammograms of the potential difference of the
chloride-silver reference electrode are compared with
the current strength of the indicator mercury-film
electrode of electrochemical cells. It has been
established that the main metals of the raw rice called
Regul grown in the Krasnodar region are: copper 1.6 ±
0.4 mg/kg, plumbum 1.4 ± 0.4 mg/kg, zinc 1.9 ± 0.5
mg/kg, iron 95 mg/kg, manganese 5.2 ± 1.3 mg/kg and
silicon dioxide 6.5 mg/kg. The presence of iron is
associated with the wear of gravity. The content of
zinc, manganese and silicon dioxide corresponds to
this type of grain. The presence of copper and lead is
associated with the absorption of heavy metals from
the soil
One of perspective variants of development of the
meat industry can become the production of
foodstuffs from untraditional kinds of the meat raw
materials such as the rabbit meat, which has a high
protein content with a full number of essential amino
acids, broad spectra of the mineral substances and
vitamins and reduced fat content. Therefore, a
demand on the rabbit meat has been increased
significantly in the past years. Rabbit meat is widely
used in various culinary dishes of the dietary
nutrition. Rabbit meat is used in limited scales for
production of sausages. The production of the
delicacy sterling foodstuffs from the rabbit meat, that
are capable for long-term storage, is almost not
developed. The regulated requirements for quality of
rolls that are included in Technical Conditions are set
up in accordance with the developed recipe and
technology of production of the smoked-boiled rolls
from the rabbit meat. All the foodstuff samples gained
high scores on the organoleptic estimation. The
foodstuffs satisfy the requirements for chemical
composition: mass fraction of protein – no less than
20%, mass fraction of fat – no more than 25%, mass
fraction of moisture – no more than 65%. The
developed delicacy foodstuffs have a high nutritional
and biological value
The systemic links that depend on mechanization, which affect the growth of the cost price of field crop production were proposed and their analysis was made. Three main blocks of the basic reasons for production costs growth (machinery and materials cost rise, agroecological potential underutilization, agrotechnologies non-observance) disclose agricultural machinery and agrotechnologies of field crops negative aspects that are being used, and also explain agro-potential underutilization causes on the example of the Krasnodar region. The irrational nomenclative list of machines in the current system was analyzed, which not only raises field crop production cost price, but also negatively affects the soil fertility due to its reconsolidation and spraying. Requirements for production processes mechanization means, taking into account their cost price reduction, were formulated. The possibilities for optimizing of the field works timing performed by the proposed agricultural machinery, their quality improving and product damage reducing, as well as work complexity with coinciding terms, streamlining and rhythmicity of processes were formulated. Taking into account the system approach, the imbalance between the agro-industrial complex and management forms was reflected in the weak interrelation of their interests with state interests, which also affects the cost price of production. The negative aspects of the machine system for the mechanization of field crop cultivation were revealed. A special effect should be expected from the proposed combination of technological operations in one pass of the machine across the field due to full-scale adaptations to machines, the ratio of the park of caterpillar and wheel tractors and the work complexity. On the basis of these studies, proposals for traumatization reducing of grain by harvesting equipment and the cost of crop losses from trauma, as well as the regularities of the area of damage to grain from grain vitality have been substantiated. The reasons of production cost price increase are connected with attracting investment issues and managing innovative activities of introducing priority means of mechanization (concessional lending, subsidies, etc.)
The article is devoted to increasing beekeeping’s earning capacity with rigging and automation of technological processes. Winter is the most complicated and critical period in beekeeping. It influences on further productivity of bee colony. Winter period has specificity – bees are gathering in winter cluster and sustaining temperature in 24…32 °С range inside. This temperature is depending on fluctuation of outside air temperature. For passing winter without complication electric heating is used. Cluster geometry in winter is changing constantly and for optimal regime of electric heating we need to take it into account. Additionally, bees’ activity changing beehive’s microclimate and it’s important to know when beehive’s microclimate adaptive control system is developed. Conducted researches allow us to get basic equations which characterizes microclimate with taking into account of winter cluster’s variable geometry. The equations establish linkage basic parameters of beehive, winter cluster, internal air between outdoor air. Simulation results may be used for adaptive heating control system programming. Additionally, it may be used in special-purpose software for beehive’s microclimate simulation
The article describes the purpose, the device, the technological
process of work, and also the justification of
the parameters and operating modes of the sorting
nozzles of the seed separator by weight, dividing individually
the seeds of agricultural crops according to
their individual weight, thus ensuring the selection of
seeds with a large supply of nutrients, the energy of
germination and the growth force contributing to the
formation of the crop
The technique relates to the area of distribution of key
information in cryptographic communication systems.
The purpose of the work was to solve the problem of
increasing the speed of distribution of key information
for special bodies of federal bodies of critical facilities
in the conditions of network-centric management and
creating alternative options for the distribution of key
information when key documents are compromised to
special equipment. By applying the methodology, a
solution to this problem is achieved by applying a key
distribution method based on asymmetric
cryptography using symmetric polynomials
The authors have developed classification tools for
grinding feeds and the most promising directions in the
development of tools for the grinding of forages in reducing
energy and metal consumption. We have described
chopper stem of feed, which provides high performance
and good quality of product. In the article,
there is an analysis of existing methods of grinding
coarse fodder and their classification. The work presents
examples of application of stationary and mobile
crushers for crushing of grain and roughage, the technical
parameters of the equipment for preparation of
feed for feeding
The tillage with moldboard plows is one of the energy-intensive operations in farming. In view of this, the search of the energy saving solutions and tillage aggregates receives priority. The use of rotary tillage tools based on the working body-mover with elliptic blades, which horizontal soil reaction parts are directed to favoring grade of the aggregate, and, therefore, apart from the performing engineering perform the body-mover functions, - is one of the effective ways of the energy cost reduction. The authors offer the development of the rotary cultivators based on the working body-mover with elliptic blades. The change of their design values allows the development of various profiles tools. The use of these working bodies based on rotary cultivators will allow the energy cost reduction by the tillage process, especially in the compartments of terrain, as the use of tractors with moldboard plows for the main tillage is problematic. In many cases, these lots must be labored manually. The article describes the construction, generalizes the mechanical specifications and working modes of the rotary cultivator at the main tillage
In this article, an algorithm and a forecasting model for
a set of informative parameters are proposed. These
parameters describe the technical condition of power
plant engines with a possibility of estimating the
forecast error
Signals with the sinusoidal minimum (frequency)
shift-keying (SMSK) which impulse form depends on
parameter µ are considered. Expression for power
spectral density (PSD) of SMSK signals at various
values of parameter µ is obtained. Results of PSD calculations
and effective bandwidth of signals by various
criteria are presented
The article deals with urgent questions concerning activities of woodworking industries, which face tough economic situation. Nevertheless, these enterprises reveal a definite growth of output in some kinds of products, such as fuel pellets, window units, special timber assortments, etc. The problems about possible risks connected with equipment handling were identified, which has physical and intellectual wear, as most of it has been operating since 1980. On the basis of accomplished investigations of normative and technical sources the documents were specified, which establish safety regulations for operating equipment and requirements for risk assessment techniques. The necessity of their improvement is also determined. Taking into consideration peculiarities of management of woodworking production process, the analysis was carried out in order to estimate the factors, which influence the quality of mechanical treatment by the method of 5M. Following the observations and processing of statistical data it was established that equipment and personnel show the greatest impact on the quality of half-finished and final products. Risks evaluation method for woodworking industries is suggested with due account for equipment safety parameters, which includes determination of consequences, risk probability, risk level on scale factored “high”, “medium” and “low”. Much attention is paid to the items composed: rank matrix of two-factor model, with calculations of numerical values of risks, as product probability of occurrence and severity of consequences, and risk log. Three zones were appointed with the following risk levels: the first zone with weighting factor not less than 6, the second zone: 8-16, the third: 20-25. In course of investigation, it was detected that the highest risk factor, connected with equipment operation, is probability of mechanical injuries of hands and most possible – getting cuts. The flow chart of risks management during the woodworking production process is offered in accordance with all Union State Standard regulations R ISO 9001-2015 and GOST R ISO/MAC 31010-2011. The developed algorithm provides accomplishing performance of work on risks management in more available and short form with presentation of processing operations, actual doers, kinds of required normative documents and papers worked out within the enterprise
Currently, there are widely used combined (hybrid)
power systems in the world, made using renewable
and conventional sources of energy. The article
discusses a typical structural scheme of a combined
system of electricity supply; it also shows the design
and the characteristics of three types of structural
circuit design of combined power systems and their
main advantages and disadvantages. Peculiarities of
the choice and calculation of parameters of the basic
functional elements of the combined system have
been presented. This study describes main
characteristics of solar batteries and provides
analytical expressions for the calculation of their
main parameters. The main characteristics of
batteries and the peculiarities of calculation of the
capacity of storage batteries operating in autonomous
systems have been listed. The features of selection of
voltage inverters have shown that in addition to the
nominal input and output voltage it is necessary to
consider other characteristics that influence the work
of autonomous power supply systems. It has been
shown when it is desirable to use electromechanical
generators to supply autonomous consumers. The
types of structural solutions and the choice of the
basic functional elements of combined power
systems will increase the efficiency of their design
In the article questions of forecasting of publication
activity and a problem of planning of actions on
management of publicity activity of scientific
collective are considered
In this article, we have presented the study and
implementation of the physical model of
motion of two coupled pendulums with use of
numerical methods. When building the model
we were using the method of Euler solutions of
differential equations, which displays
pendulums visual motion, as well as building
graphics of functions of speed, angle and
acceleration depending on time with high
reliability. We have generated equation of
motion for generalized coordinates for the first
and second mathematical pendulum. The
generated application implements a physical
model of a double mathematical pendulum,
commit sustained oscillations with the ability
to change the basic parameters: deflection
angle, speed, mass and length of the rod in C++
language by programming environment
“Embarcadero RAD Studio”. This application
can be used as a model of a double
mathematical pendulum in the study of
oscillations, as a methodical manual and a
virtual laboratory in physics, informatics and
programming classes – for demonstration,
study and create applications in the objectoriented
C++ programming language
Creation of new types of special electric actuators for the oil and gas industry implies development of new approaches to simulation, design of the considered types of electric actuators. In addition, it requires development of new algorithms for creation of a complex of application programs of computer-aided design of special electric actuators. As process of simulation is quite labor consuming, it is offered to realize it gradually. In this article, the question of mathematical simulation of special electric actuators for the equipment of oil and gas branch using methods of electromagnetic conversion of energy is considered. Results of mathematical simulation were realized in the form of the program products, which are a part of system of computer-aided design
The typical scheme of sugar beet processing, used at
most sugar beet factories in Russia has not been
fundamentally changed for several dozens of years. As
a result, the performance indicators of domestic beetprocessing
enterprises are below the world average.
The article considers the technology of two-stage
extraction and subsequent lime-carbon dioxide raw
juice purification with the separation of the preliming
sludge and carrying out the carbonation treatment in
one step. The theoretical foundations of a two-stage
extraction of sucrose from sugar beet cossettes are
described and the main criteria for its implementation
are given. The chemistry of calcium compounds upon
activation of a suspension of saturation precipitation,
returned to a progressive preliminary defecation, is
shown. On that the increasing of sedimentationfiltration
properties of the preliming sludge is based
that allows its separation on the existing equipment in
based. The theoretical premises for carrying out
saturation in a homogeneous liquid-liquid environment
are given and practical principles for their realization
are described. The comparative evaluation of existing
and improved sugar beet processing technologies is
carried out. The improved technology makes it
possible to reduce the amount of raw juice while improving its purity, thereby reducing the
consumption of auxiliary materials, fuel and energy
resources, simplifying the technological scheme while
improving the quality of the purified juice, namely, its
higher purity, achieved by reducing the degree of
transition of high-molecular compounds in it and
increasing the effect of destruction of reducing
substances
Currently operating in autonomous systems of power
supply DC voltages power sources are secondary
sources for operation devices, protection and control
of generators, motors, stabilizers and inverters have
relatively low operational performance. The work
proposes to improve the weight and the size of power
supplies to apply a high frequency link in their
designs. We provide structural designs and the
peculiarities of operation of secondary power sources
with a high frequency link. This article discusses the
fundamental electrical circuits of pulse regulators,
converters based on resonant inverters and
transformers with rotating magnetic field. The use of
resonant inverters in power sources will significantly
improve their weight and overall dimensions. In
addition, the use of secondary sources of supply for
transformers with rotating magnetic field will
simplify their design and reduce the level of
electromagnetic interference generated by
semiconductor devices. The features of operation of
pulsed regulators and prospective structuralschematics
converters discussed in the article,
performed on resonant inverters and transformers
with rotating magnetic field, will increase the
effectiveness of pre-work on the development of
secondary power sources with improved operational
and technical characteristics for devices of operating,
control and protection
The use of regenerated oils reduces the
consumption of fresh oils for refilling, while oil
filtration during the operation lengthens their
service life and reduces the consumption of fresh
oils for replacement. To restore waste oils, a variety
of technological operations are used, based on
physical, physicochemical and chemical processes.
They are aimed at treating the oil in order to
remove aging products and pollution from it. The
studies have shown that the most effective means of
recovering the quality of waste oils are small-size
regeneration plants. The main difficulty in creating
small-sized regeneration plants is the selection of a
sufficiently effective, environmentally safe and
economically justified method for the regeneration
of waste oils, as well as its hardware design. This
work is aimed at creating an efficient centrifugal
cleaner
The article examines the issues of increasing the efficiency of the system of technical operation of mobile agricultural machinery by means of monitoring the state of units and aggregates of the latter through diagnostics. The problems of complex diagnostics of diesel fuel equipment are investigated. The urgency of diagnosing a fuel injection pump without dismantling from the engine is shown from technical, economic and environmental points of view. The effect of operational malfunctions of some devices of fuel equipment on parameters of its operation as a whole is analyzed. On the basis of the analysis of diagnostic devices application, their grouping is suggested. The parameters to be studied in connection with peculiarities to decide whether it is possible to estimate the technical state of the fuel injection pump without dismantling from the internal combustion engine are indicated. Based on peculiarities of the fuel injection pump technical state estimation, a research program is developed and the results of the research are presented. Specific features of testing the fuel injection pump are indicated. Analysis of the results of the research shows that a smaller error in the change of the cyclic fuel feed rates supplied by the fuel injection sections takes place at the engine speed corresponding to the indicated power. The conclusion is made that the presented research results can be used as a basis for developing a technique (technology) for diagnosing the fuel injection pump without dismantling from the internal combustion engine
The article is devoted to the analysis of the use of
large data processing technology in information
systems of territorially distributed complexes
Technologies of fruits storing known at the present
time, solving actual problems – slowing down
biochemical processes, inhibiting ethylene synthesis,
do not provide fully the preservation of quality of
fruits due to not taking into consideration the
peculiarities of microflora of fruits and
microbiological processes, taking place during storage.
Purpose of the research: investigation of influence of
complex treatment of fruits with electromagnetic fields
of extremely low frequency (ELF EMF) and the biopreparation
“Vitaplan” on changing of losses of
biologically active substances in the process of longterm
storage. Objects of the research: apples of the
Idared variety and pears of the Conference variety,
regionalized in the Krasnodar region. Mass shares of
the vitamin C and P-active substances were measured in the process of storing. ELF EMF treatment was
conducted on an experimental installation. Fruits were
exposed to the action of electromagnetic fields with
specified parameters. Complex treatment of fruits
(apples and pears) with ELF EMF and the biopreparation
“Vitaplan” before dispatching for storage
allows preserving the biologically active substances –
the vitamin C and P-active substances – to the
maximum degree. Synergetic effect, appearing due to
the complex action of electromagnetic field and the
bio-preparation, allows decreasing the processing time
in the electromagnetic field
The mechanical activation allows creating a active
state in a solid, opening the prospect for holding and
accelerating the chemical reactions between solids and
getting materials in a nonequilibrium state. As a result
of mechanical activation of the powder compositions
of the active phase transformations occur in them,
which lead to the formation of solid solutions and
various intermediate connections, providing dispersion
and dispersion hardening of materials included in the
composition. The results of the study of the
granulometric composition, the phase transformations
and structure evolution in multiphase materials with
SME Ni-30%at.Ti-20%at.Hf and Ni-33%at.Ti-
18%at.Zr at different stages of the process of
mechanical activation carried out in planetary ball mill
the centrifugal type is represented in the article.
During mechanical activation, a composite mix is
assimilated by the particles of processed material input
of mechanical energy in the form of new interfaces,
defects of the crystal lattice. At collision of particles
and grinding bodies in contact high local temperature
and pressure occur, which in some cases can lead to
melting of the most fusible components. When a local
increase in temperature between the particles of
titanium, hafnium, zirconium and carbon solid-phase
reactions become possible due to diffusion of atoms of
one component into the crystal lattice of the other.
Experimental studies have shown that the use of
mechanical activation allows creating an effective
technology of preparation of the starting material for
high-speed flame spraying
The aim of the article has been the study of deflection
laws in tractor oversize low-pressure tires, intended for
class 5 tractor propulsion. The research method was
experimental. The "tire tester" and specially designed
devices for determining the deflections of the inner and
outer tube relative to the rim in the circumferential,
radial and collateral directions have been used in it. A
number of factors determine outcome indices of the
wheel with pneumatic tyre. Among them the ability of
the tire to deform so that at low - hysteresis losses in the
rubber-cord casing and admissible stresses in it, based on
resource, the largest area of contact with the supporting
base has been created. This circumstance is of particular
importance in the development of tractor tires of low
pressure, deflection characteristics of which are poorly
studied at present. Analysis of experimental studies
showed the necessity of the feasibility of creating the tire
with the cord orientation in its casing so that in the zone
of perception of the vertical and longitudinal forces the
cord threads would work in a mode close to the
extension, but in the area of contact it would work in
bending. These requirements will best meet the tire in
which the cord threads are parallelly located in adjacent
layers and directed at a predetermined angle in the
direction of effect of the axial forces on the wheel in oncoming fibers
The article presents the calculation of combustion of
liquid fuel, which is determined by the air
consumption for combustion of fuel, then the number
and the composition of combustion products – flue gas
resulting from burning fuel and the flue-gas
temperature
In this work, we consider the design and development of
neural network software module for prediction of
electricity consumption in the system of support of
decision-making power control. Two prediction models
support the software module: regression model and
neural network model, based on multilayer perceptron.
Software development to predict power consumption in
the system of decision-making today is one of the priority
directions in the Russian power industry. Therefore, the
work associated with the development of methods and
algorithms of forecasting of power consumption in the
power sector, is surely relevant
The article highlights the problems of protection and
arrangement of spring sources of recreational and
protected areas. The characteristics of the known and
little-known springs of the mountain territories of the
North Caucasus are given. The sources of KabardinoBalkaria
are described in more detail. The results of
investigations of a number of springs of mountain
zones, which show high organoleptic qualities, are
given. The characteristics of some mineral springs
possessing medicinal properties are also given. A
substantiation of the need for detailed studies of littleknown
springs and natural monuments of the KBR
and the North Caucasus, as well as the compilation of
tourist routes to them and cadastral records. New
architectural and technological solutions have been
developed and proposed for the development of
ascending and descending water sources, protected by
patents for utility models. The rationale for the
effectiveness of the organization of ecological tourism
in the KBR and other regions of the North Caucasus is
given
Modern extraction systems are characterized by a change in the parameters of the production cycle under the influence of a number of causes caused by the structural dynamics of systems. Information systems can successfully function by solving the tasks of collecting, processing, analyzing and distributing real-time information, which involves the use of modern information technology methods. With increasing requirements to the volume, speed and quality of information on the progress of extraction processes, modernization of information systems is required, allowing to make informed decisions by management structures. In the article the regularities of mass transfer of n-components in carbon dioxide of the solid-liquid system are considered. The effect of spontaneous interfacial convection in the mass transfer of individual components under the influence of an electromagnetic field of low frequency is detected. The joint mass transfer of extractive substances during spontaneous interfacial convection leads to an increase in the mass transfer coefficient of eugenol compared to its diffusion mass transfer
The article considers the mathematical task of calculating
the transient flow of water in the regulation of
concentrated releases of water discharges on stream flows
in lower tails of spillway waterworks. An algorithm,
analytical solutions based on hydraulic calculations of the
process of propagation and transformation of long waves
described by Saint-Venant equations are constituted.
These equations are nonlinear and have no exact
solutions. To obtain approximate solutions these
equations are linearized. The efficiency of spillways
depends on how accurately hydraulic processes
characteristics are measured. Control and direct
measurement of characteristics of hydraulic processes in
natural conditions is difficult, which requires applying
methods of mathematical modeling and simulation
studies of transient processes, which are based on the
algorithms of functioning of transient hydraulic processes
control. Introduction of the developed method for
hydraulic calculation of discharge releases to streams, diverting the water from water discharge structures,
allows optimize idle and non-technological discharges of
water from reservoirs. Considering the highly dynamic
nature of the water flow in the lower tails of the dams at
concentrated releases of water discharges from reservoirs,
development of new methods of hydraulic calculation of
extreme discharges and water depths at the critical
sections of watercourses with transient regime of water
flow is an important task
Life Sciences
In this article, we present the results of the experiments on
the potential of productivity and accumulation of the root
mass of the Alfalfa and Brome-grass, on the content of the
main nourishment elements and the consolidation of gross
energy in the roots and agroenergetical effect of the
collected gross energy in the conditions of permafrost turf
soil of the Middle Lena valley. The maximum productivity
potential of beans and cereals grass mixture was reached
on the basis of the organic mineral nourishment regime:
the collected exchange energy – 21,3 GJ, feed units – 1568
and collected raw proteins – 428 kg per ha. Thus, the
content of digestible protein in beans and cereals grass
mixture agrophytocenoenosis was increased from 118 to
124 g, that exceeded a zootechnic norm (105 g). In general
the nitrogen contained in the total root mass of beans and
cereals grass mixture agrophytocenoenosis was up to 26,6
centner per hectare and movable phosphorus- up to 33,6 kg
per hectare that can serve as the source of nourishment for
sown herbs. The maximal stock of gross energy in roots
was got in beans and cereals grass mixture
agrophytocenoenosis at organic-mineral degrees (humus of
40 centner per hectare once in 4 years + of N120PK60
annually) up to 157,1 GJ/ha, while the accumulation of the
root mass reached 140,3 centner per hectare at average
annual rates of accumulation of dry substance up to 24,5
centner per hectare. The processes of formation,
decomposition and death of roots in the beans and cereals
grass mixture agrophytocenosis take place almost in a
balance state. Wherein the biological factor, as the
inclusion of the Yakut yellow variety of the Alfalfa in the
grass stand, plays a positive role
In the soils of rice fields, eluvial gley processes
develop, which are manifested in redistribution of silty
particles along the profile, water-soluble humus,
mobile compounds of iron and phosphorus. Most
intensively, these processes are developed in meadowbog
soils, confined to closed depressions of the plains
plain. Meadow-black soils lying on elevated relief
elements have more favorable physical, physicochemical
and oxidation-reduction properties for
cultivating rice and accompanying crops in crop
rotation. The highest yield of rice is formed on high
checks and higher at 12,4 c/ha than on low ones
We have studied the effect of presowing enrichment
with copper on the seed yield of rice. We have found
optimum concentration of water solution of copper,
which provides higher yields of seeds and evaluated
the impact of the enrichment with copper on the
growth processes in the plants of rice. The studies
were conducted in elite seed-growing enterprise
"Krasnoe" of All-Russian Research Institute of rice.
It was found that for rice-growing farms of the
Kuban region with the aim of increasing the quantity
and quality of grain yield it is necessary to make
sowing of rice seeds enriched with copper. This
application should be carried out by wetting the rice
seeds with 0,5 % water solution of the microelement
with a semi-dry method, i.e. the rate of 10 liter
working solution of copper in 1 ton of seed. The
article proves the economic feasibility of enrichment
of rice seeds with copper
To develop the novel herbicide antidotes for the
sunflower vegetative plants, the group of chemical
compounds, belonging to the derivatives of 2-
alkylthionicotinonitrile was synthesized and their
antidote activity both in the laboratory and field
experiments was studied. The compounds with a high
antidote effect were found
The nutrient structure of fruits of the Mountain ash of
ordinary Sorbus aucuparia L., sloe of Prunus spinosa
and their extracts is investigated. Inside them, the
standard methods in biochemistry have determined the
content of extractive substances, sugars, titrable acids,
vitamins C and P, phenolic and pectinaceous
substances. Results of analyses demonstrate that the
fruits of wild plants ripening in the conditions of
Dagestan – mountain ashes and sloe - can be
effectively used as raw materials for receiving extracts
which are rich in vitamins, carbohydrates and phenolic
connections. The possibility of production of highquality
nutrient-rich extracts from these fruits with
application of various technological modes and ways
of extraction is revealed: duration of insisting of raw
materials; various concentration of ethanol in an
extractant and ratios raw materials/ extractant. Results
of researches demonstrate that at a ratio of raw
materials/extractant 1:3 and the 70% content of ethanol
in the extractant have come the greatest extraction
from vitamin fruits P (routine) and phenols which
made respectively 56,0-65,7% and 51,4-68,3%.
Increase in extraction of titrable acids and vitamin C is
noted at 50% concentration of ethanol in the
extractant. The maximum release of sugars has come
from all fruit substrata at 30% ethanol in the
extractant. Results of biochemical analyses of extracts
have shown that carrying out extraction in the way of
double insisting on condition of selection of optimum:
concentration of ethanol in the extractant, ratios of the
raw materials/ extractant and the best time of insisting, allow to provide on average a 55-60% exit of nutrients
from the studied fruit raw materials
This article notes that agricultural production is not a self-regulating system. The article highlights specific features of agricultural production and forms of ownership of the major productive resource – land, ineffective policies of promoting development and introduction of innovative technologies. It is noted that the system of measures and tools of state regulation of agricultural production have two directions of influence: governmental regulation of the agricultural market mechanism and industrial governmental support for manufacturers. The authors give classification of methods and instruments of state regulation, liberalization of the agricultural sector in the WTO, levels of aggregate support for agriculture; as well as identifies the key growth areas of the governmental support and discusses the basic institutions of governmental regulation: ownership, legal Institute of economic management and the Institute of organization management. It's pointed out that the current dynamics of the development of agricultural production in our country is determined by four major external factors: the Institute of Western sanctions imposed against our country, Russia's integration into the international market by joining the World Trade Organization, the functioning of the Single Economic Space within the Customs Union, and the necessity of solving problems of import substitution and food security of our country. Implementation of these methods requires significant institutional transformation and transition into the new levels of legal, commercial, and economic regulation with observance of equitable international cooperation. In conclusion, the authors discuss an insufficient level of development stimulation in domestic agriculture
The article shows the historically developed situation
and the actual state of the production practice in
chronic mycotoxicosis of a bird. The main feed
problems in poultry farming are shown through the
prism of a review of market proposals for feed
concentrates. An overview of preventive and
compensating agents on the market, as well as a brief
description of feed concentrates based on beta-carotene
for fighting mycotoxicosis. It is shown that the
vitamin-mineral fodder concentrate "Tetra +" is an
alternative to the existing feed concentrates on the
market, the effectiveness of which has been confirmed
in experiments on laboratory animals and in poultry
feeding. Based on the analysis, a conclusion was made
about the relevance of studies to identify the
effectiveness of vitamin-mineral concentrate "Tetra +"
in livestock
Duration of vegetation period is one of the main
adaptive traits for any crop or variety. Reasonability
of cultivation of a variety in a particular soil and
climate zone is determined by the duration of the
vegetative period. One of the aims of breeding is
the creation of the varieties with the main vegetative
phases lasting at more favorable climatic conditions.
The most accurate way to determine maturity
group of a variety is by estimation of starting
of heading phase, which can be defined with the
greatest precision. The article covers the analysis of
the duration of the vegetative period of the lines
and varieties of winter barley of local and foreign
selection in the central zone of Krasnodar region.
All the varieties were divided into three maturity
groups. The vegetative periods of the varieties were
studied during four years. The most favorable and
adverse conditions for yield formation were determined.
The interactions between the productivity of
the varieties depending on maturity group were
identified. The varieties of the early maturity group
which are more productive than the check were
selected, which is most valuable for the breeding of
the crop. The best varieties with the high and stable
yield and the positive traits are regularly involved
in the breeding programs with the porpoise of making
new varieties of the winter barley
For the production of high quality winter wheat grain,
it is necessary to observe the technology of growing
the crop and creating optimal conditions for the growth
and development of plants. An important role in it is
played not only by agrotechnical measures, but also by
effective protection of crops from pests. The
phytosanitary state of winter wheat sowings has
worsened significantly in recent years, however, the
degree of damage to crops and the harmfulness of
fungal diseases can be significantly reduced, and in
some cases completely prevented by treatment of crops
with fungicides. The range of fungicides is improved
annually by incorporating more effective and less
environmentally hazardous preparations. The research is aimed at determining the optimal rates of
consumption, the biological effectiveness of new
fungicides and assessing their effect on the yield of
winter wheat. As a result, it has been established that
treatment with Abucus Ultra with a rate of 1.0 l / ha
has protective properties, but does not treat plants
(72.2%). This further leads to a loss of an average of
about 0.5 tons of grain per hectare. Fungicide Akanto
Plus in the investigated rates of consumption has good
protective and eradicating (healing) properties and
with a decrease in the rate of consumption of less loss
of yield. Thus, the choice of the preparation and its
consumption rate should be based on an understanding
of the phytosanitary situation, taking into account the
condition of crops and the agroclimatic situation
The dependence of the productivity of the Riesling
Rennel vineyards and the quality of table wine from it
under the conditions of the Anapa-Taman Winegrowing
Zone was studied. It is established that the
vineyards of the Riesling Rhine variety are planted
with the highest yield, planted according to the
scheme of 3.5x1 m. In this embodiment, at a density
planting shrubs 2857 pcs. / Ha, the yield of grapes was
the highest - 131.4 c / ha. Maximum accumulation of
sugars in the grapes observed in the variants with a
width of 2.5 m aisle highest extract content from
different wine stocks options with row spacing of 2.5
m where the amount of extractables amounted to 17.1
- 19.2 g / dm3
. The increase in the total concentration
of aromatic compounds of up to 540 mg / dm 3
helps
to improve the quality of white table wine, and further
growth of aromatics to 1090 mg / dm3
- it reduces the
organoleptic evaluation. High tasting marks (7.88-8.29
points) received wine materials from sites having a
spacing of 3.5 m. Thus, considering the quality of the
wine, the cost of planting material, laying and care of
vineyards, it is worth considering the 3.5x1 planting
scheme , 5 m more suitable for the production of
quality table wines in the Black Sea agroecological
zone of viticulture in the south of Russia
Elements of the cultivation technology of winter wheat variety called ‘Antonina’ with the application of different backgrounds of soil fertility, norms of fertilizers, system of plant protection from weeds, pests and diseases were studied. The studies are conducted in a polyfactorial stationary experiment: factor A - soil fertility; factor B - system of fertilizers; factor C - plant protection system; factor D - methods of basic soil cultivation. In the experiment four models of soil fertility levels were studied: А0 - the initial (natural background); А1 - average (200 kg / ha Р2О5 and 200 t / ha of litter manure); А2 - increased (doses are doubled); when А3 - high (tripled). Based on the studies it has been established that to obtain a stable yield of winter wheat, an increased dose of mineral fertilizers should be used, which also ensures high grain quality indicators. The maximum yield increase of 37% was achieved on varieties in comparison with extensive technology. A significant increase of the protein content in the grain from 12.8 to 15.3% and gluten from 22.0 to 27.8% was found in the intensive technology - triple doses of fertilizers (NPK) and the use of integrated protection against diseases, pests and weeds. The introduction of high doses of mineral fertilizers contributes to the accumulation in the soil and grain of nitrogen, and also reduces the content of copper and zinc
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article is devoted to the problem of formation and
development of Islamic law in the Ottoman Empire. In
the beginning of the article, the author considers the
ratio between Sharia and customary law in the legal
system of the Ottoman Empire and reveals that the
basis of customary law is the right of the Turks.
Furthermore, the author highlights the main legal
institutions of the state, and analyzes legal acts that
appeared during the reign of the sultans Muhammad
al-Fatih, Selim I, Suleiman I, Ahmad I and Abd alHamid.
Then the author analyzes the features of
Islamic law of the Ottoman Empire, identifies features
of the contractual relationship, matrimonial and
criminal law. Compares the rights of Muslims and
non-Muslims, and reveals that the latter were divided
into two categories: zimmi and musta’man, identifying
legal privileges of each of them. At the end of the
article, the author makes a conclusion about the
continuity of the various legal acts of the Ottoman
Empire, the crown of which is al-Majalla, some of the
provisions, which has not lost its relevance in our time
2017 was declared the year of the "100th anniversary
of the Great Russian Revolution", or else it is called
the "Great Russian Revolution". Such a message was
given to the Address of the President of our country,
V.V. Putin to the Federal Assembly of the Russian
Federation. The authors in the article rightly and
reasonably point out that if the February bourgeois
revolution, despite a number of objective reasons, was
still the apex, palace take-over, October of 1917 was
precisely a revolution, and not some kind of Bolshevik
conspiracy. Why a revolution, not a take-over? The
authors prove and convince the reader that this was
essentially an inter-information socialist revolution,
which radically changed the social system and the
form of ownership. The article proves that the palace
coup, which took place in February and brought
"politicians into dress coats" to power, led to the
victory of October 1917 due to their inaction and
incompetence in the country's political leadership.
None of the exciting question: about the war, peace,
land, factories and factories, the form of state
structure, the Provisional Government was not
allowed. Therefore, due to objective and subjective
reasons, the victory of the Great October Socialist
Revolution broke out
Social Sciences and Humanities
A diversified corporation is a highly complex multivariable dynamic system. The application of classical forecasting methods applied to such objects has encountered a number of difficulties, due to its economic nature. In the article, we substantiate the requirements to the forecasting method; on the basis of these requirements we can select the method and its software tool
The authors investigate the conditions conducive to the formation of effective associations of raw material enterprises of the agroindustrial complex and raw material processors. The unbalanced process of relations between agricultural producers and processing plants negatively affects the economic position of the partners of the merger. The diktat of low purchasing prices for raw materials by processing enterprises hinders the cost-effective operation of agricultural commodity producers. Procurement prices set by dairy processing enterprises for milk do not compensate not only production costs, but also losses from inflation. This leads to a sharp decline in the profitability of milk production. A paradoxical situation arose: on the one hand dairy plants encountered an acute shortage of raw materials, on the other, the problem of selling milk by its producers at an acceptable price was aggravated. The disparity between the purchase prices for milk and retail prices for dairy products has led agricultural enterprises to explore alternative markets. On the basis of the mathematical model of the agricultural consumer cooperative, conditions for the formation of effective associations of enterprises of the dairy subcomplex of the agroindustrial complex are analyzed
Based on the analysis of modern production and sales of agricultural products, the main problems of this sphere, the impact of various economic and political phenomena on it, state support and foreign sanctions were studied. The issues of improving the implementation of agricultural products, the direction of development and improvement of the sales management system are considered. The influence of the seasonal factor in the sale of agricultural products producers was established. On the example of the sale of eggs of representatives of small forms of management with the help of the construction of the polynomial trend and the seasonality index, a forecast for 2017 and 2018 is made. The sales activity of the enterprise should directly focus on the current monitoring of the market situation, cooperation with other producers, joint search for partners with the goal of not only short-term cooperation, but also possible conclusion of any long-term contracts taking into account the forecasted sales volume. We have proposed measures to improve the implementation of agricultural products, the direction of development and improvement of the management of sales and storage of products through the establishment of wholesale distribution centres. Various methods for the formation of such centres are indicated. Prospects from the implementation of these projects and possible problems of their creation are explored
The article presents a methodology for auditing of performance
of accounting policy, developed by the authors.
Particular attention is paid to the development of
an internal standard
The Crimean poultry organizations financial
development features are researched in the article.
The current poultry sector condition in Crimea is
analyzed, its main problems are examined. It is
observed that a reduction of both head of livestock
and poultry products has been taking place for the
past years in Crimea; the competition from mainland
manufactures has increased due to the lower cost that
is offered as their competitive advantage. The
financial analysis of four major poultry organizations
of Crimea has been conducted, the complex
estimation of their financial condition has been given.
It is revealed that three of the four analyzed
organizations has problems in their financial
resources management. There are also the problems
that the enterprises handle in the field of liquidity and
solvency management. The objective problems that
has negative influence on the poultry industry of
Crimea are investigated. The conducted analysis has
showed that the poultry organizations of Crimea key
problems solution requires a comprehensive
approach including enhancement of both production
processes and financial management methods. The
poultry organizations production relations
improvement methods are suggested. It is noted that
the most significant of them should be the following:
technical equipment and technology modernization,
feed base arrangement improvement, strategic
management, marketing and advertising
development. The poultry organizations of Crimea
financial management system amelioration areas are
considered. The complex of the suggested measures
will favor the effectiveness growth of both an
individual organization and the industry in whole
System paradigm is discussed conformably to
functioning of controlling institution of a large-scale
agro-industrial system. Presently the systemacity
became the general platform of fundamental and
applied, scientific and practical elaborations and
projects. Now in the sphere of system researches
surge of interest in questions of classification is
observed. Apparently, it is connected with
accumulation of results of private researches in all
areas of this discipline and with inevitable
transdisciplinary crossings of their practical
applications. So, undoubted intervention of high
technologies to the agrarian sphere is observed. The
efficiency of this introduction, certainly, depends on
coordination of actions of developers of various
subject domains. On the basis of the objective
analysis it must be noted that in the arsenal of
managers, especially foreign ones, there is
practically no fundamentally new methods and tools
of controlling. So says the executive director of
Russian Association of Controllers prof. S. G. Falco.
However, promising mathematical and instrumental
methods of controlling actively developed in our
country. It is necessary to implement them. For
example, managers should be used advanced
mathematical and instrumental methods of
controlling. These methods are based on the modern
development of mathematics as a whole - on the
system interval fuzzy math. Considered methods are
developed in accordance with the new paradigm of
mathematical methods of research. It includes new
paradigms of applied statistics, mathematical
statistics, mathematical methods of economics,
methods of analysis of statistical and expert data in management and control. In the XXI century there
were more than 10 books issued, developed in
accordance with the new paradigm of mathematical
methods of research. The systems approach to
solving specific applications often requires going
beyond the economy. Very important are the
procedures for the introduction of innovative
methods and tools. In this article we consider the
above research results in their interconnection
The lack of a unified research platform and tools for
various sectors of Russian economy, allowing to take
into account the specifics of the object of study,
significantly slows down and complicates the decisionmaking
processes, at the same time thereby reducing
their efficiency, which is even more negative in terms
of the need of quick decisions of the tasks on import
substitution. Scientific essence of the proposed
research can be formulated in the form of innovative
unified research platform, showing the interrelated
causal system components, theoretical and practical,
analytical and experimental units, productive activities
which are scientifically proven smart products for
various sectors of the Russian economy. The
constantly changing economic environment makes to
answer its idempotent mathematics and information
paradigm, theory, methodology. Here it is important to
select the structure and rationale of the proposed
research mathematical "platform". A new, different but
mutually complementary multi-criteria approaches, a
set of economic-mathematical models and modern
mathematical and instrumental constructs, monitoring,
comparison, and generalization of the results is
needed. In the article it is shown that the proposed use
of instrumentation and mathematical methods
represent essentially new base for forecasting of
discrete evolutionary processes
Features of various approaches to formation of social policy in conditions of global economic fluctuations are considered in the article. The authors suggest that the main indicator of effective socio-economic policies at all levels of government; there may be only criteria for social development in society. The article also substantiates the necessity of development of methods of regulation of economic processes in terms of implementation of socio-cost-effective economic model. Theoretical basis cost-effective system consists of postulates on the dual nature of labor and labor theory of use-value (utility). The concept of the economic model proposed envisages humanization of socio–economic life. The differences in the models of "costly" and "creative" time are also considered and identified in the study. The authors concluded that the main factor of increase of efficiency of social labor becomes the constant growth of the real income of labor at constant cost reduction abstract. The results of the study can be the basis for the formation of a new system of public policies that enhance the welfare of the population and to create effective socio-economic planning model that may be particularly important in solving problems of social policy of Russia in conditions of global economic downturn
In modern conditions managerial accounting through its functions acts as the main information base of the organization internal activity management, its strategy and tactics. In our opinion, its basic purpose is an information preparation for adoption of operational and expected administrative decisions. The facts of economic activity connected with the formation of expenses, income and the facts of management results through influence both on expenses and on income are the most important for managerial accounting. Achieving stable success in the modern economy is largely due to the efficiency of the organization management. One of the most important problems of formation of effective management in organizations is the current management of the expenses in order to achieve the planned economic benefits in ordinary activities. Defining this problem as the major, its decision causes the necessity of revision of a role of registration information in the direction of increase in level of analyticity and targeting for development and adoption of economically reasonable operational decisions at each separately taken level of management. The special significance in these conditions belongs to search of the measures directed to decrease in level of expenses as the major means on ensuring competitiveness of the organization. Now managerial accounting is a component of an enterprise management system. To the theory and practice of managerial accounting it is paid much attention. Among foreign scientists works of such authors as: R.L. Akoff, To Drury, Ch. Horngren, D. Midlton, B. Rein, R. Antony, D. Higgins, etc. are the most known. It is possible to distinguish from the Russian scientists whose works are devoted to the organization and methodology of account: M.A. Vakhrushina, V.B. Ivashkevich, V.E. Kerimov, G.M, Lisovich, S.A. Nikolaeva, V.D. Novodvorsky, V.F. Paly, L.I. Horuzhy, etc. In this article authors have defined the main objectives of managerial accounting
The study considered production and social
nature of peasant farms, stages of their
evolutionary development to modern farming
facilities. In addition, the data of peasant farms
development in the Krasnodar region is
presented, as well as the dynamics and
structure of expenses and income in peasant
farms, distinctive features and legal aspects of
functioning of peasant farms from 1990 to the
present time. We have noted contradictions in
the legislation on farmers as special
organizational-legal form of production in
agriculture. Much attention is paid to the
problem of land shortage, additional
acquisition of land leases, the shortcomings in
the lease and use of land shares are
highlighted. We have proposed measures to
improve the effectiveness of peasant farms
activities, the development of inter-farm
cooperation, small businesses in agriculture,
information and consulting services as well as
wholesale and logistics centers in the region
The main factors influencing the innovative
development of the domestic science-intensive sector of
the economy, were identified and studied in the work.
The authors singled out two groups of factors, internal
and external, determining their composition and
interrelationship. The paper focuses on one of the
segments of the knowledge-intensive market of
products and services - space activities. In the postwar
period, Russia firmly maintained leadership in virtually
all areas of the industry, however, economic and
political reforms intensified the negative impact of
financial and economic factors, which significantly
retarded the technological development of the space
industry. The paper studies the influence of
environmental, technological, financial, economic and
other factors affecting the development of knowledgebased
enterprises. A graphical and economicmathematical
multi-factor model for the innovative
development of knowledge-intensive enterprises
involved in the implementation of space programs is
constructed. The methods of expert assessments
determined the influence of each factor on the
development of space activities: - the production of
launch vehicles, space vehicles, ground-based space
technology and the provision of services. The received
estimations of influence of factors will find application
at formation of programs of innovative development of
the high technology enterprises
This article covers the qualitative difference between
small, middle and large oil and gas business
companies. Difficulties are shown while transferring
from small into big business. Special methods of
technology adaptation in oil and gas management are
given when transferring from small into big business.
The adaptation managing technological methods are
defined in oil and gas enterprises while transferring
ftom small into big business. The main problem in this
case is the absence of adequate mechanisms of
management efficiency. Such mechanisms would
show quite exactly the role of each of the subjects of
corporate relations and would form effective
communications, state definite managing tasks,
produce a definite control of their realization,
connecting them with the system of encouragement
and motivation. While transferring from small and
medium into big business in oil and gas industry the
struggle inside of the corporation strengthens for the
influence over the finical aspects. This general
struggle should be transformed into in cooperation and
general development of the corporation, management
and owners of the company. In this sphere most of
modern researches are fixed on the adaptation of
foreign methods, technologies of management to
problems of Russian oil and gas companies. For
solving this problem it is necessary to work out quite a
different approach which will be based not on copying
positive forms of relations but on formation conditions
for a new type of Russian corporative management
with economic, historical and social specialties of the
national management
In the article, problems of Agro-industrial complex of
Russia in the conditions of economic sanctions are
considered. External and internal circumstances,
which influence the solution of ensuring food
security’s problems of the state, are examined. In
particular, Russia's accession to the World Trade
Organization and participation in regional integration
associations on economic space of the CIS is
considered. The analysis of the Russian Federation’s
participation in the Eurasian Economic Union is
carried out. Need of import substitution agricultural
production is considered. System problems in the
agrarian sphere of economy and difficult internal
macroeconomic conditions are analyzed. In this
article, we perform an analysis of agricultural
production on categories of farms in the Russian
Federation for 2013-2015. The conclusion is drawn
that in farms of all categories intensive growth is
observed. Following the results of 2015, the level of
food security, which was reached in previous years,
remains. At the same time, threshold values, which are
established by Doctrine to food security, are exceeded.
On grain: 99,1% against 95%, on potatoes - 97,2%
against 95%, on sugar - 93,5% against 80% and on
vegetable oil - 84,3% against 80%. In the article, the
analysis of main types of import-substituting food
products’ production is carried out to the Russian
Federation for 2013-2015. Trade and investment
communications of the Russian Federation’s agroindustrial
complex for this period are studied. The
valid conclusion about positive tendencies in these
directions is given. The influence of the anti-Russian
sanctions on financial and investment conditions of
Russian agro-industrial complex’s development was
analyzed. In the article, ways of food security
strengthening of the state and processes of import
substitution are offered: optimization the forms and
mechanisms of agricultural industry’s state support,
innovative development of branch, increase in
availability of credit resources to agricultural
producers, preparation and involvement of qualified
personnel for agricultural industry, to improve the social living conditions in the village and state
regulation of the agricultural markets. The conclusion
is drawn that the problem of Russian ensuring food
security in the conditions of sanctions has to be solved
on the basis of intelligent long-term and system
decisions, on the basis of a research and
implementation of the effective long-term strategy to
develop the agricultural industry
The modernization of the military-industrial complex
of Russia is accomplished by the implementation of
the program of its development. Implementation of
these measures requires scientific and methodological
support. However, the tools help you solve this
problem, using modern mathematical methods with a
focus on practical use in the form of methods and
economic and mathematical models, to date, not fully
developed. The article is devoted to the development
of tools for assessment of activities of the militaryindustrial
complex The proposed models and
algorithms are based on the production rules of
inference of fuzzy logic and process variables to a
fuzzy mind by assigning confidence factors. The
prioritization of activities proposed to be carried out
by ranking these factors
The article deals with the methodological aspects of
developing a design method and a comprehensive
assessment of the organizational structures of the
corporate integrated structure management system.
Corporate integrated structures form a significant
segment of the modern economy of the Russian
Federation. One of the significant problems of their
functioning and development is the creation of an
effective management system. An analytical review
of existing methods of designing organizational
structures showed that today there are no methods
adapted to corporate integrated structures that take
into account the multilevel management system, the
heterogeneity of its elements in development stages,
the types of organizational structures used, which
determines the relevance of the research topic. As a
result of the conducted researches, the article
describes the characteristics of modern types of
organizational structures, gives recommendations on
their use at various stages of the life cycle of
organizations that are part of the corporate integrated
structure, including depending on the industry
specifics. A comparative analysis of the methods of
designing organizational structures made it possible
to select the basic methods that form the basis of the
developed method and formalize its main stages,
taking into account the level of the organization's
development, factors leading to a management crisis
at this level of development, a functional set that
triggers development mechanisms, structuring
development goals and a functional-structural The
model of organizations at all levels of the corporate
integrated structures management system. The
evaluation stage of the developed alternative variants
was proposed to be carried out taking into account a
variety of heterogeneous criteria: the degree of
centralization and decentralization of management,
the speed of information flow, and the level of costs
for the implementation of functions and operations.
Such an approach will allow taking into account the
main problem points that are typical for corporate
integrated structures and will allow designing
effective organizational structures for all levels of the
management system taking into account the emergence principle
The ensuring of high rates of development and growth of competitiveness of tourism organizations in the long term, especially in the context of economic sanctions is predetermined by the level of investment activity. In a competitive environment, the most important factor of profit maximization is investing in business diversification. The object of our research was Sochi Seasons LLC, Sochi. The main activity of the organization is reservation services in the sphere of tourism, transport travels in the Kuban and Abkhazia and various excursion programs. The analysis shows that the unstable growth of profitability indicators of economic activity does not contribute to ensuring the competitiveness and investment attractiveness of the organization, it is a brake on investment processes. The results of SWOT-analysis in the organization testify to the difficulties of the firm's position in the market. In Sochi Seasons LLC, in order to increase the efficiency of investment activities are proposed: business diversification; improvement of commercial activities. The creation of a tourist cafe in the Krasnaya Polyana area along the route of tourist routes is a profitable business with great potential for development. Evaluation of economic efficiency indicates the feasibility of investing in a project that is characterized by an average degree of risk. The system of commercial, organizational and financial functions aimed at the most complete and rapid satisfaction of the demand of tourism services consumers should provide for: a comprehensive study of the state of the tourism market and the prospects for its development; perfection of forms, methods of realization of services; improvement of pricing policy; organization of advertising activities; forming of a strategic marketing plan
ACTIVITIES FOR FORMATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF A BANK IN THE SPHERE OF INDIVIDUAL CAR LOANS
The article discusses the prospects of development of
crediting in the Russian federation; the author analyzes
the important reasons for the increased costs of cars, as
inflation and refinancing rate in Russia and the United
States. This article also studied the dynamics of sales
of cars on credit in recent years, the terms of the car
loan program called “Buy back”. In addition, the
calculation of economic efficiency in the changing
conditions of early repayment of a classic car loan,
implementation of Buy back program, and the
efficiency of implementation of project proposals
The article considers the indicators of economic
efficiency evaluation of the investment-innovative
project in dairy cattle breeding. Factors that deter
investment and innovation processes and the
importance of introducing innovative technologies in
livestock development and state support issues for the
development of this sector are revealed
The transformation of the Russian economy directed
to transition to the sixth technological way shall rely
on the perspective ideas, one of which is the idea
reproductive neo - industrialization. It is revealed that
reproductive neo - industrialization initiates three
interdependent processes in the internal environment
of economic systems processes: 1) restoration of own
potential of development of these systems; 2)
decapitalization of the institutional status that allows
to realize dismantling of the mechanism of
movement of these systems; 3) restoration of internal
homogeneity of these systems, that is, their
homogenization, support of harmony of
communications of elements. The article offers an
algorithm of financial and investment support
reproductive neo - industrialization by means of
which it is possible to solve a complex problem of
attraction of investments into the economic systems
of depressive type. It is defined, that the happening
technological conversions directed to transition of the
Russian economy to the sixth technological way
bring new opportunities of movement of the dummy
capital to life. According to the author, within
economies of depressive type the cross-border fund
of support of the innovations oriented on institutional
changes and also specialized stock exchange of
securities of hi-tech issuers on which site investment
of financial innovations shall be carried out is
popular
The article reflects modern condition of production of meat of cattle in Russia. We have analyzed the population dynamics of the cattle population and beef production and thee main problems that accompany the functioning of the beef cattle industry. We have given the measures of state support of the industry, to solve problems for which the Ministry of agriculture has developed a program to support the development of beef cattle. Considering prospects and possible risks of development of domestic the beef cattle industry, we have specified a need of such development of the branch; it has to be based, first of all, on implementation of large-scale projects on the basis of the competitive meat breeds of world level. On the basis of the findings we have identified the forecasts for the domestic producers, based on the current market dynamics. Solving the problem of providing the population with beef is possible at the expense of specialized meat cattle breeding. In order to improve economic efficiency of meat production of cattle we must not only find internal reserves and improve industrial relations economic relations, but the establishment of integration structures in the form of unions of agricultural enterprises, processing enterprises and marketing organizations, as well as large-scale economic and legislative support from the state
The article considers specific obstacles (traps) which
can occur during the embedding of the corporate
capital in a changeable economic system of Russia.
The author reveals the causes and consequences of
emergence traps in the development of corporate
capital, among which are: the rapid transformation of
the financial component of economic relations and
prolonged elevation of power over the property, the
unpredictability and variability of economic policy,
institutional deformation, resulting in scarcity of
necessary resources for the development of corporate
capital and embedding it in the flow of change, lack of
trust entities to the policies of the state, «manual
economy». The aim of the study is an in-depth search
of potential possibilities of corporate capital and the
ways out of the formed on the system of socioeconomic
transformations of the pitfalls of
development. In the process of research, the author
used the cognitive capabilities of the system approach,
institutional theory, and the conceptual provisions of
politico-economic and evolutionary theories. The
study was conducted with the help of dialectical,
empirical, historical, logical, structural methods
Statistical analysis of the dynamics and structure of agricultural production in the Krasnodar Region is carried out: social and economic indicators, the place of agricultural production in the gross product of the region, the dynamics of quantity of agricultural organizations, the growth rates of volumes of physical production, and the efficiency of agricultural production are examined. The agricultural production of the region is analyzed in the context of individual industries and a comparison of regional indicators with data for the Southern Federal District and the whole country is made. The structure of sown areas and yield of agricultural crops, as well as the dynamics of gross harvesting of their main types are considered. The main vectors for the development of livestock and crop production have been identified. The main problems and trends in the development of crop and livestock sectors in the region are identified. The author of the article, based on the analysis of the economic potential of the region, in particular the agro-industrial complex of the region as the country's largest producer and supplier of agricultural products and raw materials, justifies the role of the agricultural production of the region and its ability to meet the needs of the population under conditions of import substitution in the Krasnodar Region and the whole country. The article has research nature, expressing the fact that it offers priority directions for increasing the efficiency of agricultural production in the region
The article considers theoretical aspects of financial
stability of the organization, presents the author's view
on the definition of financial stability of the
organization in modern conditions. The general
description of the food and processing industry of
Russia is given. The leading regions for the production
of bread and bakery products are identified. Based on
the existing methods of assessing financial
sustainability, the indicators of three organizations of
the Krasnodar Region baking bread and bakery
products were calculated. As a result, it was
recommended that the organizations of this industry
count one of the important indicators of the financial
stability of the organization - the availability of its own
working capital as a difference between equity and
non-current assets. In the economic literature, you can
find several options for calculating this indicator. Also
considered is the ratio of accounts receivable and
payable as one of the indicators of financial stability of
the organization. The main means of baking
organizations and their wear and tear are estimated.
Because of this assessment, there was a significant
deterioration in fixed assets and recommendations
were made for their renewal. Specific features of the
composition of stocks of organizations of the bakery
industry were determined, and recommendations were
made on the policy of stock management
The relevance of the causes, results and consequences study of the October Revolution in Russia is shown. The problems of modern land relations are formulated. It is concluded that one of the main reasons for the October Revolution was the unresolved land issue, which remains unresolved during the modern economic reform. The centennial anniversary of the Great Russian Revolution is an occasion to comprehend the whole complexity of land relations, to see the solution of modern land problems in the historical retrospect. The goals and objectives are formulated, the prerequisites, main provisions and results of the Russian reforms of 1861, including the Stolypin reform, are considered, the historical stages in the formation of the land property institute in Russia are shown. The organizational and economic mechanism for implementing the basic land reforms is analyzed. The mechanism included the elaboration of the main redemption operation plan provisions, the resettlement policy in newly developed areas, the activities of the Peasant Land Bank, land management. The main socio-economic results of the reforms are given. It is concluded that the Russian reforms were carried out by decision "from above," they were not completely consistent, the issue of the land ownership was not finally resolved. The reasons for the Russian peasantry active participation in the Great October Revolution are formulated: the centuries-old peasants lack of rights and oppression, their personal and economic dependence on the landlord, serfdom, lack of property, heavy redemption of the 1861 reform obligations and delay of the Stolypin reform; and on the other hand - promised will and land by the Bolsheviks. The views on the revolution results belonging to well-known economists, historians, writers are given. To create a great Russia, the expediency of country's socio-economic development in the only evolutionary way is justified, based on a clearly developed strategy
The quality of life of the population of the region is an
important integral criterion of estimation of efficiency
of activity of regional administration. Quality of life is
mostly influenced by environmental factors. This
article proposes to solve the problem of research of the
influence of environmental factors on various aspects
of quality of life by using ASC-analysis
The article proposes a solution to one of the problems
of small business, which is creation of a part of the
software of management of information system
efficiency for small processing enterprises of AIC.
The fact is, that currently, there are almost no
information systems to support small business. All
known information systems have approximately the
same list of automated functions, covering the
accounting phase, and sometimes phase of analysis.
Practically, not affected by the evaluation function of
the economic situation, prediction, planning and
regulation. The proposed mathematical model has
been developed on the basis of the creation of
streaming schemes of one-product processing
enterprises of agroindustrial complex and
mathematical description of the proceeding financial
and material flows
The article describes the process of developing the
two-level technique for assessment of the missed
benefit during the landing and cultivation of perennial
plantings. The technique is developed for the
enterprises where the cycle of production of raw
materials breaks into several periods until the first
harvest. The choice problem of the most suitable
grades for the landing is relevant for such enterprises.
The first level of the two-level technique assumes
assessment of qualitative and quantitative
characteristics of grades with use of such tools as the
theory of fuzzy sets and the decisions tree. The results
of the first level are entrance data for the second level
where there is final assessment of a grade and
determination of the missed benefit rather potentially
possible at the choice of the recommended grade. In
the article also designated the importance of the raw
materials stage for the technological chain. It is shown
that, being consecutive structure, the technological
chain strongly depends on the first stage – a stage of
raw materials production. Minimization of the risk
situations at the first stage promotes strengthening of
the general risk tolerance of a technological chain
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article analyzes the particular characteristics of
the logical and psychological sides of argumentation
as a means of a persuasive effect in the speech of a
public linguistic identity. The relevance of the
research is defined by the importance of problems of
studying the language of the given linguistic
identities. The novelty is in the aspect of setting the
problem of studying various types of public linguistic
identities and in involving previously unresearched
material. The object of study is a rhetorical speech
portrait of a public language identity (prosecutor).
The subject is particularities of logical and
psychological lines of reasoning as ways of
persuasive effect. The method used is scientific
description with elements of speech portraying,
observation. As a whole, the speech of the prosecutor
corresponds to the rhetorical canons, having a
standard logical composition: introduction, analysis
and evaluation of the evidence gathered in the case,
personality characteristics, conclusion. Various types
of logical and rhetorical (psychological) lines of
reasoning were distinguished in the course of the
analysis. It is found that the text is rich in affective
evaluation and metaphors. The general strategy is the
prevalence of the psychological side of persuasive
speech over the logical. The public language identity
chosen strategy turned out to be successful, i.e. it
made the speech expressive, original, assisting the formation of the judge's opinion in terms of
conviction
The article deals with the problem of onimization of
proper names and common nouns in individual-speech
nominations such as the "Thomas" vacuum cleaner. To
study the question of homonymy of proper names and
common nouns and their recognition in speech we set
the problem of preserving the identity of the proper
name to itself in speech formations designed to
transfer this proper name to the sphere of other subject
correlations, the possibility of contextual and other
identifiers to switch the original proper names and
common names into a new sphere of naming for a
period sufficient for the appearance of a new usage.
The speech affiliation of these proper name component
nominations is stressed. It is concluded that the
inclusion of proper names in the speech
denominations, despite their mass character, are of an
occasional nature and very rarely serve as a basis for
the formation of homonyms - new common words.
Proper name as a part of an individual speech name is
not a proper name in the true sense, but only an
identifier, a formant of the value of singularity,
existing only as far as its name is preserved. With the
disappearance or transformation of this name, the
proper name identifier returns to its original state
The article deals with semantic development of verbs
of the three languages different by structure (English,
Russian and Tatar). Many of derivatives on the certain
stage of linguistic development are perceived as the
basic meaning, which is a normal linguistic
phenomenon, when one lexical meaning stops being
actual and is not used any more or is used so rarely
that it is perceived as a secondary meaning. The work
represents analysis of derivative potential of verbs with
pressure meaning and common tendencies of semantic
shifts of verbs belonging to this verbal group. In
particular, among common tendencies for lexems of
this group was acquiring meanings of negative affect
on an object, destruction, processing, relation,
emotional state and denoting some kinds of
professional activity
The article is devoted to the analysis of the features of
the translation of onomatopoeic sounds when translating
a literary tale on the material of the fairy tales of K.S.
Lewis "The Chronicles of Narnia." The work compares
the English literary fairy tale and its translation into
Russian in order to reveal the laws of the translation of
onomatopoeias in the literary text. The article points out
that in children's literature a special role is assigned to
onomatopoeia when creating an indirect characterization
of the character, describing its emotional state, a certain
atmosphere. Four lexical groups of onomatopoeias are
thought to be widely represented in the fairy tales "The
Chronicles of Narnia" written by K.S. Lewis: imitations
of sounds produced by human beings; imitations of
sounds produced by animals and birds sounds; imitations
of sounds of natural phenomena; imitations of sounds of
inanimate objects. Translation of onomatopoeias into the
text of fairy tales can represent a certain problem for
translators. The article substantiates the specificity of the
equivalents selection of the English-speaking
onomatopoeic vocabulary in Russian language. It
emphasizes the special significance of the transfer of
author's onomatops, which can be translated either by
transcription or by variant correspondence. The
conclusion is drawn that in most cases the translator
seeks to select a standard onomatop as a translation
equivalent, which will naturally enter the narrative fabric
Social Sciences and Humanities
The authors consider the issue of qualification of
unlawful treatment of property in favor of the
perpetrator – as plunder or buying another's property.
Also, in the article we highlight the enforcement
practice in relation to the identified problems at the
level of the Krasnodar region
The article deals with criminal liability for crimes
related to extremist activity. Different points of
view regarding the classification of extremist
crimes are analyzed. Particular attention was paid to
the consideration of the judicial-investigative
practice concerning the application of criminal
responsibility for the commission of this type of
crime. The authors formulated proposals for
improving the current criminal legislation in the
field of combating extremism
The author in this article points out that, in the current
conditions of the development of scientific and
technical means, differentiation of individual expert
studies into independent types or subspecies of
forensic examinations is observed. Mutual penetration
of special knowledge and solving related issues by
attracting specialists from various fields leads to the
integration of scientific knowledge. In such conditions,
the guarantee of professional expert research is the
specialization of the forensic expert on specific types
of forensic examinations and the continuous
improvement of his qualification in a particular
specialty in accordance with the development of
scientific and methodological achievements in this
field. To achieve this goal, the EFU system of the
Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia currently
provides the following: 1) training in higher
educational institutions of the Ministry of the Interior
of Russia on the specialty "Forensic examination"; 2)
an internship, which takes place under the supervision
of a mentor with subsequent certification for the right
to self-produce expert examinations. However, despite
this, the EFU of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
system has a number of problems, caused by the
following reasons: a reduction in the number of staff
members of the EFU associated with the overall
reorganization of MIA. 2) increase and differentiation
of the workload of staff members in managerial and
expert positions due to an increase in the number of
databases of forensic accounts and the emergence of
an additional burden. 3) weak material and technical
support for territorial EFU. These problems, in the
opinion of the author, are common to the whole
system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the
Russian Federation and require their solution by
improving the quality of work of staff members and
taking organizational and financial measures
The article is about legal status of artificial plots of
land in International law. The authors briefly tell about
the history of development of modern international
maritime law. Then the authors analyze United
Nations Convention’s 1982 on The Law of The Sea
norms about legal status of artificial plots of lands
situated in different regions of marine space: in the
territorial sea, the contiguous zone, on the continental
shelf, in the exclusive economic zone, on the high
seas. The convention includes terms of the same
nature, for example, artificial island, installations,
structures, devices and constructions. The term
«constructions» is collective for all objects, that was
made by people in the maritime space. At the same
time, the Convention divides some kinds of artificial
things. In addition, the article is about State
Sovereignty issues of artificial objects, which are
placed in the maritime space. The authors established
some parallels between International law rules and
Russian law rules, which govern the legal status of
artificial plots of land
The article discusses one of the central elements of
criminalistic characteristics of crimes in the sphere of
non-fulfilment of duties of a tax agent – the method of
committing a crime. Given its definition, structure,
classification of methods, and general characteristics
with example from the practice of investigation of
such offences
The article considers the ratio of the fundamental
principles of the state and municipal services at the
present stage of development of the state. It shows the
problem concerning the possibility of expanding the
list of these principles in the Federal laws and their
harmonization
This article discusses the organizational and tactical
features of the aircraft accident site examination. For
successful solution of the problems which the
investigator faces: for a quick and thorough crime
detection, exposure of guilty persons and their fair
sentencing, the investigator should clearly understand
what circumstances are to be ascertained and proved in
a particular case. The aircraft accident site examination
is primary and necessary investigative activity.
Success of the investigation of aircraft accidents,
which are often accompanied by human deaths,
depends on the efficient accident site examination.
Very often, seemingly identical situations are
generated by different causes and require an individual
approach. To choose the best way of discovering past
events the investigator should consider the
organizational and tactical features in the course of
crime scene examination. To carry out the efficient
accident site examination, experts in the field of
aeronautical engineering, a forensic expert or a doctor
as well as a specialist of forensic units for the
production of photo and video at the crash site should
be involved. It is necessary to fix and remove the
traces and other evidence, and the obtained data must
be recorded in the accident site examination report
The author of the article analyzes the opinions of criminal scientists in the legal literature regarding technical and criminalistic support for the detection and investigation of crimes. The content of the given scientific article allows us to rethink the current state of the use of technical and criminalistic and other means in criminal proceedings. The author's revised definition of the concept of technical means used to collect, verify (study) and evaluate evidence in criminal proceedings is proposed
An analysis of the provisions of the Criminal
Procedure Code and other regulatory legal acts
relating to the investigation and operational
investigation team activity shows that the head of the
investigative and operational group exercises, among
others, the organizational and managerial function.
Consequently, these powers are not limited to
procedural functions alone. In the proposed article, the
author examines what these functions are and how
they influence the procedure for investigating crimes
Social Sciences and Humanities
The purpose of this research is to show how
algorythmization and programming course is significant for agronomic engineers. We are sure that analytical thinking is a quite important thing for agronomic specialists. Studying computer science should not be only for obtaining simple computer skills, but for developing analytical thinking. In this work, some methodical features of education are shown. In addiation, this study involves actual problems of teaching: from motivation to educational processes
In the article on the example of painterly works of the
artist I.I. Mashkov there have been represented the
analysis of the plants’ history. The emphasis on the
image as the object of study, in the modern world has
become popular for several reasons. On the one hand,
it is a documentary confirmation of events, the state of
the object, and sometimes the only proof of a bygone
era. On the other hand, the works of art are
multifaceted information about the study area,
recorded by the artist with a thorough drawing of
details, environment, transfer of colors, shapes. The
experience of creating electronic databases as a library
of electronic resources is considered. The analysis of I.
I. Mashkov's art paintings made it possible to identify
several semantic blocks such as the species and genetic
diversity of vegetable crops; spread of cultures, i.e.
introduction on the example of pumpkins, tobacco and
sunflower; pottery culture (indoor flowers, species and
genetic diversity of camellia, begonias), local
strawberry varieties with the phenomenon of fascia,
and the production of bread with variety and
characteristic forms. Through the analysis of still-life
paintings and part of the portraits, in the artist's desire
to "express time," a peculiar "species record" of agrocultures
and agro-production was created in the period
from 1910 to 1940 years
The authors mention the intensification of people’s
negative influence on the environment and the decline
of ecological situation. According to this problem in
different spheres of life not excepting designing the
usage of ecological approach becomes actual
nowadays. There is the necessity of including
educational programs and courses connecting to the
formation of students’ ecological culture in the
curriculum of the higher school of Design. In the
context of this research, the authors pay attention to
the aspects of using technological materials, to the
aspects of preserving natural resources. There are
socially economical aspects of ecological design which
nowadays make people think of technological
consequences and their economic feasibility and the
aspects of wastes’ recycling from the viewpoint of eco
design. The authors analyze the research works of
Russian and foreign designers, social projects and
government programs, contemporary art exhibitions of
professionals as well as amateurs. Artists, designers
apply one of the avant-garde art’s form (trash- art)
using rubbish as an art material. The main conception
of trash-art is to appeal people’s interest to the
protection of the environment. In such a way, the
object of the research work is people’s world as well
as the world of nature with a great variety of problems.
The problem aspects of ecology which are presented in
this research work help to find the correct
methodological ways of design teaching, help Masters
of Design make their own researching and bring up ecological thinking of young people
What happened at the end of the last century was the
technological revolution which opened new
possibilities to mankind: storage and transmission of
information, communication, and even selfexpression.
Today the Internet has entered every
home, it is used by vast majority of young people. It is
a good helper for students, for fans of news, history,
cinema, literature and even for everyone. The
possibilities of the Internet nowadays are characterized
by an abundance of informational diversity,
understood as significant in quantity, varied, various,
diverse, sometimes diametrically opposite
information, and printed materials received by a
person about the world, its history, culture and current
events from multiple networks of the Internet and
other media, which sometimes make difficult the
orientation of the individual in search of truth, real
situations and authenticity. However, the Internet has
become a tool, a weapon, a tool, an instrument of
information warfare, information effects on the minds
and souls of citizens, and especially young people. On
sites and pages of the world wide web we see an
information battle. We can see lie, deception, fraud,
libel, slander, etc. The goal is to subdue public opinion
and the consciousness of the person, to master an
audience of millions, and throw the information that is
desirable to destructive forces and military hawks.
Under a special sight - the spiritual sphere of the
personality, morals, morality, patriotism and other
values. The situation urgently requires a search for
new concepts and models of moral, patriotic and
military-patriotic education of Russian youth. In the
article, the author proposes an innovative model of
military-patriotic education of cadets of a Maritime
University in terms of information diversity, allowing
to build and conduct targeted educational and patriotic
activities taking into account modern realities and
place of information confrontation
The article gives the model of pedagogical support
for future undergraduate students’ professional
identity by using tutoring technologies. The main
characteristics of target, structure and content and
efficiency components of this model are given in the
article
The article describes the characteristic features of
technical education. It shows that the main
characteristics of technical knowledge is that they are
based on the corresponding type of thinking and
focused on the development, creation and use of
technical means and technological processes. We
have revealed the main differences of higher technical
education, namely the development of abstract
representations of physical processes, the ability to
make decisions quickly in a wide scope of
specializations in the learning process. The work
proposes a set of organizational and methodological
measures aimed at improving the quality of education
of graduates of technical universities
Health Sciences
The use of intensive milk production technologies in practice, nonobservance of the principles of feeding and keeping animals leads to a decrease in the level of compensatory-regenerative processes in the body, violation of general and specific metabolic reactions, emergence of a number of pathological conditions, and, primarily, hepatopathies leading to a decrease in the productivity of dairy cattle, to the birth of unviable young animals and to the impossibility of their further exploitation. Therefore, on the background of early diagnosis of violations of the liver it is necessary to conduct adequate pharmacoprophylaxis, which prevents further development of hepatopathies with the help of hepatoprotectors. These preparations include a new injectable one – livazen, the mechanism of action of which works due to its antioxidant and membrane-stabilizing action. The preparation has a lipotropic effect, favorably affects the antitoxic and pigmentary function of liver, and increases resistance to hypoxia and various kinds of intoxication. Research conducted to study its effect in the system of prophylactic measures of hepatosis in sterile cows showed that on the background of the use of lavazen there was a significant increase in total protein by 16,6% and increase in albumins - by 13,8%. The level of γ-globulins, on the contrary, decreased by 20,9%. The study of the preparation had a normalizing effect on lipid metabolism, which was manifested by an increase in the concentration of triglycerides in 3,1 times and increase in cholesterol by 24,7%. An increase in the concentration of calcium by 14,5% was also found out. The use of livazen allowed to ensure a tendency towards a decrease in enzyme activity (according to AST - by 6,9%, by ALT - by 24,4%, according to alkaline phosphatase - by 11,6%), in contrast to control animals whose aspartate aminotransferase increased by 11,3% from the initial; ultrasonography of liver of cows confirmed the expressed effectiveness of the pharmacoprophylaxis
One of the reasons extensions acute intestinal diseases
in newborn calves and piglets is absence at them of
formed immune system and colonization resistance.
For this reason, their intestine often occupies relative
pathogenic microorganisms, which in the subsequent
cause diarrheal diseases. The characteristic feature of
the last time is the fact that these diseases have the
associated disposition and composition of association
can be the most various but not only biological objects (for calves and piglets), and also territorial borders.
The goal of this work was in comparative study of the
structure microorganisms, which were isolated from
newborn calves and piglets at acute intestinal diseases
in Krasnodar territory and the establishment of the
dominant species. During the bacteriologic
examination of pathological material was detach and
finger 1299 isolate calves and 476 from piglets which
was found to belonged to 6 families:
Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcaceae,
Enterococcaceae, Pseudomonadaceae,
Alcaligenaceae, Alteromonadaceae. Studies have
shown that dominant logic value in nosological profile
of the allocated bacteria belongs to enterobacterium,
enterococcus, streptococcus, the share of which in the
general pool of isolates has made 70,1%, 15,9% and
11,1%, respectively. At the same time among the
enterobacterium detached as from calves, and pigs, the
prevailing species was E. coli (55,6%), streptococcus –
S. bovis (24,9%), enterococcus – E. faecium and E.
faecalis (88,3%). Meanwhile, along with the general
character of frequency separation of certain types of
bacteria, also their specific preference is set. That why
from calves there were more often selected
enterobacter, citrobacter, kluyvera, E. faecalis, S.
cricetus, S. mitior, S. parauberis and P. aeruginosa.
Whereas from pigs more often were allocated protei,
providencia, shigella, E. mundtii, E. casseliflavus, S.
acidominimus, S. oralis, S. pneumoniae, S. vestibularis
и Alcaligenes fecalis than from pigs
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article is devoted to history of creation of the piano Chinese concert – “Тhe elegance of spring” by Du Mingxin. On the basis of the biography of the composer reconstructed by the author of article on materials interviewed by him and to other sources, the history of emergence of the Concert is recreated. The short characteristic of contents and the theoretical analysis of the main means of expression and composition of all three parts is given. It is established that the first part is written in the form of sonata Allegro with a mirror reprise and a masterly large-scale cadence in it, the second part – an irregular three-part shape with an episode and the final – shining the rondeau sonata. In the conclusion, it is emphasized that Du Mingxin has created the work, national on contents and intonation, on the basis of the European classical canons. National it is embodied first of all through attitude, intonation, the rhythmic drawing. Among a big complex of conclusions, the paramount role of traditions of S. Rachmaninov is especially noted. In his piano concerts, expressive opportunities of east music, first of all mode and intonation, are embodied with unique art perfection. In Du Mingxin's Concert classical balance between a ratio of parties of the soloist and orchestra is reached. The invoice of party of the pianist is masterly, rich with lyrical melodies, the pair structure of orchestra is fully used. “Тhe elegance of spring” – a concert competition of equal creative sizes
The article is devoted to the panoramic historical review of works by N. Gogol's plots in the Russian music. The overall historical picture of development of the Gogol direction in musical theater and in other genres is created. In the XIXth century the history of process is traced from the moment of his formation – in 1840 - 1850, from A. Verstovsky, A. Serov, M. Glinka's unrealized plans, etc. The culmination falls on the last quarter of the century when there are P. Tchaikovsky, N. Rimsky-Korsakov, N. Lysenko's operas, unfinished operas by M. Mussorgsky. The conclusion is drawn that for the XIXth century the appeal to Gogol's poetic images, his fantasy, national images and household humour is characteristic. The XX century opens a new stage in development of a musical gogoleana. On the example of works of D. Shostakovich, Yu. Butsko, N. Kuznetsov, R. Shchedrin, A. Schnittke and young composers – S. Nesterova, A. Bespalova, V. Kruglik it is shown that the main lines of the Russian gogoleana of this time are connected with the appeal to Gogol's realism, his social accusatory satire, the embodiment of a subject of "the slight person". The author of article comes to a conclusion that works on Gogol's plots are a perspective and considerable direction in the Russian music. In the conclusion on the example of the oratorio " Hear, my God, my voice" V. Dovgan it is suggested that in the XXIst century the new turn in the musical gogoleena - the embodiment of philosophical aspects and sacral aspirations of the writer is planned
Social Sciences and Humanities
The present study explores personality traits of
modern women raising children in two-parent and
single-parent families, and specific aspects of their
interaction with the children. The comparative
analysis of family values, gender-related
particularities and the level of subjective control of
the mothers’ personality have been given. The
differences in personal characteristics of mothers in
the two groups of women under study have been
determined. Mothers raising children in single-parent
families are characterized by such family values as
social activity, attractive appearance and the
upbringing of children, whereas mothers in twoparent
families turned out to rank the values of
children upbringing and psychotherapeutic character
of communication as most important. As compared
to women in two-parent families, women in singleparent
families demonstrate more often masculine
and less feminine qualities. The specific aspects of
interaction with children have been defined in
relation to mothers in the groups under study. The
interrelationship between the personal qualities of
mothers and the nature of their interaction with
children has been analyzed. Positive and negative
aspects of the impact of personal qualities of the
mothers on the stylistic peculiarities of their
interaction with children
Social Sciences and Humanities
The author of the article considers the experience of
citing academic music in Japanese anime. Composers
of Japan, along with modern music, use fragments
from the world's musical heritage. The most cited are
the works of L. van Beethoven (Symphony No. 5) and
V.А. Mozart (the aria of the Queen of the Night from
the opera The Magic Flute, Sonata D-dur (K448) for
two pianos). In the process of citing the classical
heritage, music can either perform an illustrative
function, or play the role of the semantic initiating
anime as a synthetic art form
Physical Sciences and Engineering
The article presents the experience of engineeringgeological
zoning to establish patterns of spatial
variability of the components of engineeringgeological
conditions. In the ArcGIS environment was
created a set of electron-digital maps, taking into
account the influence of adverse geological processes
and landforms for the design, construction and
operation of linear engineering structures.
Many scientists suppose that rural tourism as a kind of
tourism industry in Russia has not got long history.
But we can see its manifestations at different stages of
tourism development, which are described in the given
article. In different historical periods, rural tourism had
its own forms, modifications and kinds of activity.
That is why we can say that agrarian tourism took
place in pre-Soviet and Soviet periods too. Besides, we
still have troubles with theoretic aspects of rural
tourism. Today science society invents a determination
of rural (agrarian) tourism, creates classifications of
this and so forth. Nowadays rural tourism is a
polyfunctional phenomenon. That is why we should
explore it in more details. The Krasnodar region has a
lot of recourses which allows us to develop many kinds of tourism, including agrarian on its territory.
Existing legal environment creates attractive
investment climate and helps to develop rural tourism
in the Krasnodar region successfully