№ 134(10), December, 2017
Date issued: 29.12.2017
Physical Sciences and Engineering
This article is devoted to the assessment of the calculating complexity of combinatory method of numbers’ factorization. The content of combinatory method is explained in the article of the same name published in the journal issued in November 2016. The author supposes that the reader has learnt its content and knows the basic notions of theory of calculating complexity of the algorithms. The following results of the learning of the given task are expounded in this article. The algorithm of combinatory method permits to accomplish the parallel calculations. Graph of any order is the separate structure, because its initial data are determined independently from the other graphs. So, the calculating complexity of the task about the factorization of numbers in the predetermined interval of the positive integers is defined by the complexity of the most laborious graph. The analysis of the graphs’ structure allows to state that it’s the graph of the third order. In any graph both branches of the first level give the separate structures- partitive graphs of the first level with independent input data. So, the calculating complexity of the graph complete is determined by the maximal complexity of the graph of the first level. The givenat random interval of positive integers stays without changes, if we observe the sequence of the adjacent intervals. In the results it’s stated that the assessment of complexity of combinatory method as well other present methods of numbers’factorization is exponential. In this aspect the combinatory method doesn’t compete with other actual methods. However, evaluating the scientific significance of the algorithm, the decisive factor is not the calculating complexity, but its originality, which permits to explain (if not to discover) any properties of the positive integers. In the conclusion of the article the author describes the advantages of combinatory method, permitting to appreciate the degree of its scientific novelty
In this article, the properties of prefractal graphs generated
by a seed representing a tree are investigated. To
determine the phenomenon of the object under
investigation with a fractal structure, we present a concept
which is the degree of fractalization. The degree of
fractalization will allow us to evaluate the structure
relative to its belonging to the prefractal graphs
The fractal and prefractal graph are described in the
article. The basic definitions and notation are
proposed, the procedure for constructing prefractal
graph, the operation of replacement vertex by seed is
given
Researches of metric characteristics on prefractal graphs
are known tasks. Such tasks arise when determining
estimates of length, of depth, of width of the graph. Also
these questions arise when determining results of
optimization of these tasks of the prefractal graphs.
Properties of metric characteristics depend on a
trajectory of generation of the prefractal graph and on
the characteristic of primings. In this work, metric
characteristics on prefractal weighed graphs are
investigated, dependence of metric characteristics on a
trajectory of a priming and prefractal graphs is revealed.
Estimates are obtained for the diameter and radius of the
weighted prefractal and fractal graphss
The time-optimal diagram of movement of the executive body of the precision DC drive with elastic shafting with constrains of maximum current and the fifth derivative of the speed has been designed. The algorithm has been developed to determine the parameters of the time-optimal diagram of movement of the executive body of the precision DC drive with elastic shafting with constrains of maximum current and the fifth derivative of the speed. The region of existence of the time-optimal diagram of movement of the executive body of the precision DC drive with elastic shafting with constrains of maximum current and the fifth derivative of the speed has been set. According to the results of the numeral experiment, the dependences of the duration of the cycle of movement of the executive body of the drive from prescribed displacement (rotation angle) for different values of the fifth derivative of the speed have been plotted
According to measurement theory, statistical data
are measured in various scales. The most widely
used ordinal scale, scales of intervals and relations.
Statistical methods of data analysis should
correspond to the scales in which the data is
measured. The term "correspondence" is specified
with the help of the concepts of an adequate
function and an allowable scale transformation. The
main content of the article is a description of the
average values that can be used to analyze data
measured in the ordinal scale, interval and
relationship scales, and some others. The main
attention is paid to the means for Cauchy and the
means for Kolmogorov. In addition to the mean,
from this point of view, polynomials and correlation
indices are also analyzed. Detailed mathematical
proofs of characterization theorems are given for the
first time in scientific periodicals. It is shown that in
the ordinal scale there are exactly n average values,
that can be used, namely, n order statistics. The
proof is represented as a chain of 9 lemmas. In the
scale of intervals from all Kolmogorov means, only
the arithmetic mean can be used. In the scale of
relations from all the Kolmogorov means, only the
power means and the geometric mean are
permissible. The kind of adequate polynomials in
the relationship scale is indicated
The problem of establishing of the factorization of
irreducible polynomials with integer coefficients on
prime modules p has been long of interest to
mathematicians. The quadratic and cubic reciprocity
laws solve this problem for quadratic polynomials and
binomials of the form x3-a . More general reciprocity
laws solve the formulated problem for some classes of
polynomials, for example, with Abelian Galois group,
but for polynomials with non-Abelian Galois group,
the problem is far from its complete solution. Our
study shows how using the results of Voronov G.F.,
Hasse H. and Stickelberger L., one can find conditions
that must satisfy prime number p. Gauss received a
similar result for binomial x3-2. Specific examples are
given, for instance, for the polynomial x3-x - I, also
conditions arc formulated for which a quadratic field is
immersed in non-Abelian Galois extension of degree
6. Also, conditions are given under which a
Diophantine equation: а12a22-4a22-4a13a3-
27a32+18a1a2a3=D has a solution for integer values
of D
In this work, we consider two types of vortex
currents-cyclones and anticyclones in the Northern
and Southern Hemispheres. Numerical modeling of
turbulent flows of these types uses the model of the
planetary boundary layer developed by the author.
The purpose of the study is to test hypotheses about
the influence of the Coriolis force on the formation of
cyclones and anticyclones in the northern and
southern latitudes. The first hypothesis on the
direction of circulation in cyclones was verified in the
case of axisymmetric radially converging and
vertically rising turbulent flows with a natural
Coriolis parameter and viscosity. From the obtained
data of numerical experiments, it follows that the
current in the northern latitudes circulates in a counter
clockwise direction, and in the south - in a clockwise
direction, in full accordance with the observational
data. Thus, we have shown that a cyclonic flow is
formed in a turbulent radially converging flow under
the influence of the Coriolis force. The second
hypothesis on the formation of anticyclones was
verified in the case of radially divergent and vertically
descending turbulent flows. Because of numerical
experiments, it was established that in this case, the
current in the northern latitudes circulates clockwise,
and in the south - in a counter clockwise direction,
which corresponds to observations for anticyclones.
To test the effect of the cyclone (anticyclone) center
velocity on circulation, a nonstationary 3D model of
turbulent flow was developed. Within the framework
of this model, flows in cyclones and anticyclones
moving at a constant speed, as well as in shear flow,
are studied. Some types of loop protuberances on the
Sun are explained by the presence of a vortex
turbulent flow starting in the bowels of the Sun and
encompassing the chromosphere
Physical Sciences and Engineering
Studying natural phenomena in all their diversity,
humanity worked experienced in every field of
science the model of perceiving the world and
methods of obtaining information. The development
of science currently cannot be imagined without
research on the intersection of its regions. This
article presents the results of the automated systemcognitive
analysis of the size of atoms from the
main characteristics that are of research at the
interface of General chemistry elements and
intelligent systems. Dependence of nuclear radius,
mass and of the atom and the charge number are
identical in shape and size, which is probably
connected with the linear increase of these
parameters in the Periodic system of chemical
elements. There is also a similar form of the
dependences of radii of atoms from the factors ex
and x, because these factors are interrelated. The
obtained results of the ask analysis have confirmed
the theoretical assumptions and the formulae of the
dependence of main characteristics of the atom
The new benzimidazole-functionalized graphene
material based on graphene oxide (GO) and 3,3',4,4'-
tetraaminodiphenyl oxide (TADPO) was obtained
under one-step hydrothermal synthesis conditions.
According to IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis,
as a result of the reaction, benzimidazole (BI) rings are
formed, and the mass content of nitrogen is 12.3%.
The new graphene material is characterized by
excellent electrochemical efficiency in a threeelectrode
supercapacitor. As a result of the redox
activity of BI cycles the specific capacitance reaches
286 F/g at the scan rate of 2 mV/s, which is
substantially higher than the reduced graphene oxide
(RGO) sample obtained under similar conditions
without using TADPO (159 F/g at 2 mV/s)
The change in the Kepler’s atomic number in the
Periodic Table of Mendeleev is studied. It is shown
that its values decrease regularly with increasing
nuclear charge. An alternative formula for computing
the values of the Kepler’s atomic number is proposed.
It is shown that the ratio of the atomic number of
Kepler’s to the mass of the atom is a constant for each
period. The values of these constants are calculated
Life Sciences
The article presents the structural and phylogenetic
analysis of VIT_02s0033g00410,
VIT_02s0033g00390 and VIT_02s0033g00450
genes of the grapevine genome and the closely
related orthologous gene MYB114 of the
Arabidopsis genome. These genes are responsible
for the biosynthesis of anthocyanin in the organs of
model plants and are of interest not only for practical
production and breeding, but also for fundamental
research. These genes were analyzed for GCcomposition
of nucleotides, the presence of cisregulatory
elements and promoter regions. DNA and
protein sequences were aligned to look for similar
elements, which allowed further analysis of the
ultraconservative domains of four genes. Based on
the results of search and identification of the
conservative regions, a cluster tree was constructed,
which made it possible to identify the separation of
gene sidelines from, presumably, the main one. At
the same time, the construction of consensus trees
based on DNA and protein sequences revealed their
absolute similarity. "The Minimal Evolution Tree"
allowed calculating the approximate dates of the
appearance of the mutations and the divergence
times of the gene branches between each other. At
the same time, the appearance of the Vitis genus and
its separation from the Rosales was taken as the time
first divergence point. In the end, homologous
metabolic pathways were searched between
grapevine and Arabidopsis, which revealed the
presence of homologous proteins in the grape
proteome. In this turn, it already confirms the
existence of similar biosynthetic pathways and, as a
consequence, interactions such as "DNA-protein"
and "protein-protein"
A method of obtaining insertion mutants for the hoc
gene, which encodes for the main phage antigen, was
developed on the model of bacteriophage T4. This gene
was cloned in the plasmid pBSL0+ and was disrupted
by insertion of foreign DNA. The phage mutants were
obtained by in vivo phage-plasmid recombination. The
construction of insertion bacteriophage mutants was
carried out in two stages. The resulting mutants on this
procedure could be grown on wild-type E. coli strains,
which is convenient for the production and use of these
phages in therapy. The mutants obtained had reduced
antigenicity. At the same time, the yield of the mutant
strains was high when they were grown on the
non-suppressor E. coli laboratory strains. A number of
stages of purification of the bacteriophage mutants
obtained were performed. Preparations have been
studied by transmission electron microscopy and mass
spectrometry. By several periodic cultivations of the
mutant bacteriophages, it was shown that mutations of
this type are stably maintained during more than 50
generations. T4 related bacteriophages of the family
Myoviridae, for example, T-even, have the significant
homology amongst their genomes, which makes
possible to produce similar mutants. Thus, our method
was developed to obtain mutants with reduced
antigenicity which can be used for both the treatment of
systemic infections, and diarrhea in the case, when,
bacteriophages penetrate into the bloodstream. Such
phages can be used in medicine and veterinary. The
reported study was partially supported by RFBR,
research projects No. 13-04-00991, 16-44-230855
The analysis of the accumulation and distribution of
heavy metals in the stevia raw material grown in
different agroecological regions is carried out. The
elements present in the soils always have a complex
effect on the plant and at the same time enhance or
weaken each other's action. Plants of stevia are able to
regulate the flow of the heavy metals under study,
assimilating organs accumulate the optimal number of
elements necessary for their growth and development,
regardless of the growing conditions
This article presents the results of testing IRAP DNA
markers Cass1 and Cass2 applied to Prunus spinosa.
The findings suggest the high perspectiveness of
their using for the study of genetic diversity of the
gene pool of this species. According to the results of
the analysis of the sample 12 genotypes were
identified from 6 to 13 fragments in the spectrum of
Cass1 and from 5 to 11 fragments for Cass2. As a
result of cluster analysis in the sample formed three
groups of samples. In one of the groups, which is
most distant from the other two, includes samples
taken in Ukraine, while the remaining two groups
included samples from Armenia, the Krasnodar
region region, the Republic of Adygea, Ukraine and
Moldova, and three cultural large-fruited form. The
distribution of samples in clusters corresponded to
their geographical origin that favors the objective
assessment of genetic distances between the samples
using Cass1 and Cass2 markers. Thus, it was
concluded that the prospects of using DNA markers
to study the genetic diversity within a species of
Prunus spinosa
Species composition and abundance of soil algal flora
were studied in the Central zone of the Krasnodar region
on crops of crops cultivated by various technologies. In
the algal flora of the studied area, 48 species of soil algae
and cyanobacteria from 28 genera and 18 families, 7
classes and 4 divisions were identified. The largest and
numerous in number of species are the departments:
Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta. Extensive delivery:
Oscillatoria, Gloeocapsa. They account for 22 % of the
total number of species. A negative effect of herbicides on
number and species composition of soil algae was noted.
In all variants of their application there was no form of
Klebsormidium flaccidum (Kützing). The number of
species of Chlorella vulgaris Beyer. was low,
Botrydiopsis arhiza Borzi. It is believed that these species
of algae can be used as bioindicators. The positive effect
of mineral fertilizers and the aftereffect of introducing
organic matter on the soil algal flora have been
established. In these variants the deleterious effect of
herbicides was reduced. According to the calculated
regression equations, the applied mineral fertilizers to a
greater extent weakened the negative effect of herbicides
on the total number of populations than the aftereffect of
introduced organics
Physical Sciences and Engineering
The article describes the synthesis and verification of
statistical and system-cognitive models of the
influence of environmental factors on the quality of
life of the population of the region. This stage of the
ASC-analysis is performed in the system called
"Eidos". As a result, we have created and validated
(verification stage) all the specified systemic cognitive
models. It is expected that reliability for the models of
knowledge is sufficiently high for a given subject area,
that is why we can state the discovery of a dependence
of life expectancy and causes of death from
environmental conditions. Typically, knowledge
models are approximately 20% higher in accuracy than
statistical models, which operate on the principle of
positive pseudo-prediction. Making decisions based on
the model of Abs (matrix of absolute frequencies) is
not appropriate because of the different number of
instances of classes (generalized categories) and
dependence of the solutions of this amount. In the
model called Prc2 (conditional and unconditional
percentage distribution) the dependence of the model
values of the number of examples in classes has been
removed, but the accuracy of it is usually same low as
in the Abs. In addition, for decision-making based on
this model, one has to compare the values of
conditional and unconditional probabilities manually,
which is laborious and hardly possible for large
dimensional models. The knowledge model called
Inf3, based on a measure similar to the Chi-square, is
the result of the automated comparison of values of
conditional and unconditional probabilities presented
in the model of Prc1, which is similar to Prc2, and
usually has a fairly high accuracy, especially
considering the high complexity of the subject area,
which we simulated. Therefore, in accordance with the
technology of the ASC-analysis data conversion into
information, and afterwards - into knowledge, it is the
model of Inf3 which is planned to be used for the
solution of problems of identification, forecasting, decision-making and exploring the modeled subject
area, through the study of its models
The aim of the study is to investigate the
regularities of deflection in the diagonal and radial
tires for the grain combine propulsions of high
productivity. The research method is experimental.
The "tire tester" and specially designed devices for
revealing the deflections of the inner and outer tube
relative to the rim in the circumferential and radial
directions have been used. The outcome indices of
the pneumatic-tired wheel are determined with the
tire capability to deflect so, that at low - hysteresis
losses in the rubber-cord casing and its acceptable
tensions, based on a resource, the largest area of
contact with supporting base would be created. This
circumstance acquires the particular significance
developing tires for grain combines of high
performance, the deflection regularities of which
are poorly studied at present. The analysis of
experimental studies showed the feasibility of using
the grain combine propulsions instead of the
diagonal radial tires of the same size. The resistance
to rolling of radial tires 30.5 R-32 is lower than in
diagonal tires 30.5 L-32, and the developed contact
area due to the increase of length is higher, which
reduces sealing effect on the soil
Development of infrastructure of Sochi as mountain resort has demanded increase in transport means of communication and development of territories, difficult for construction. Construction works cover territories of the Kudepsta and Adler districts and also Krasnaya Polyana. The main problems at design near Greater Sochi are landslides and landslide processes and also high seismicity of territories. Besides, the increased technogenic loadings on many sites have led exogenous processes to activization. At unforeseen activization of landslide processes it is required to develop actions for strengthening of the existing constructions or construction of new protective designs in the shortest possible time. However, there are problems of modeling of a landslide situation. On the example of construction retaining at the portal constructions of a railway tunnel near Sochi modeling of landslide processes on the basis of natural observations (monitoring) is considered and also actions for stabilization of slope processes are described
The article analyzes the ways of ensuring a stable quality and use of biopreparations patented in Russia and abroad. The most famous biopreparations developed by Russian scientists. The analysis of literature sources and patent information has show that the development of methods for storing plant raw materials with using biological protection means is actual. Research in the field of the use of biopreparations for the processing of agricultural products is of high practical importance, since they allow a significant reduction in losses during storage. The application of biological protection treatment technologies is the most effective, environmentally safe and economical way of preparing for storage of plant raw materials
To ensure the safety of food production of frozen dessert with the addition of sesame flour, the system of critical control points for risk analysis (HACCP) was applied to the manufacturing process. Biological, chemical and physical hazards that could exist at every stage of frozen dessert production have been identified. Critical control points have been identified that include pasteurization and milling. The introduction of the HACCP system in food production can effectively ensure the safety and quality of food products, expand the market and improve the level of management of producers
At present, much attention is paid to the production of domestic vegetable products. One of the main reserves of increasing the yield of vegetables is the production of products in sheltered ground. The intensive construction of new glasshouses and greenhouses complexes has sharply increased the demand for engineering facilities, with the help of which an artificial microclimate is created in the structures of the protected soil. To create high irradiations, a very significant specific installed power of photosynthetic radiation sources is required. Currently, advanced greenhouse plants use LED irradiation. The experience of these farms showed that LED irradiators have a number of significant advantages over discharge lamps: a significantly lower specific power of the irradiator; the service life of LEDs is several times higher; they do not contain toxic substances (mercury); LEDs are powered from a low voltage network, which is significant from a safety standpoint. Isolation of greenhouse plants from the effects of natural factors of the environment leads to undesirable consequences. The deficit of the amount of natural energy of optical radiation penetrating the structures of protected ground in modern industrial greenhouses during off-season is eliminated by additional artificial radiation from greenhouse lamps. In this case, the emission spectrum of lamps differs significantly from the natural one. This is especially true for ultraviolet radiation. The issue of creating an LED lamp for its application in structures of protected ground is considered. The main requirements for the creation of a photosynthetic lamp on the spectral composition of radiation are given. The necessity of a long-wave ultraviolet component in the emission spectrum of a lamp is substantiated
The technology of cultivation of most crops provides pre - and post-emergence weeding of crops, and their feeding with the availability of soil nutrients. According to the used underlying technology, these operations are performed separately. The harrowing of crops after germination is necessary for weed control, the destruction of the soil crust for access of air to the root system and partial thinning of dense crops. Further destruction of weeds on crops are herbicides, high-quality entry which provide sprays. The latter can provide small and ultra-low volume spraying in high performance and environmental requirements. However, separate execution of technological operations for fertilizing and harrowing reduces the quality of work, increases the cost of production. The proposed combination of technological operations on a harrowing of crops different crops simultaneously with feeding plants solid mineral fertilizers. The combination of technological operations for one pass of machine-tractor unit in the field provides a reduction of the fleet, its capital intensity, the energy, cash costs, and hence competitiveness of products. The studies proposed new technical support processes, technological scheme of the multifunctional unit to combine the operations of feeding and harrowing of crops
The article presents the calculation of combustion of
liquid fuel, which is determined by the air
consumption for combustion of fuel, then the number
and the composition of combustion products – flue gas
resulting from burning fuel and the flue-gas
temperature
In the dairy industry, the segment of yoghurts and
yoghurt drinks is one of the most dynamically
developing. Competition contributes to the production
of high quality products. The transition to market
relations encourages producers to use new prescription
ingredients in the production of various yoghurts. In
addition, it is essential to improve the existing ones
and create qualitatively new technologies of products
with a directed change in the chemical composition.
Sour-milk drinks not only satisfy the physiological
needs of the body, but also have a preventive and
therapeutic purpose. Utilization of these products
contributes to the prevention of numerous diseases, as
well as life prolongation and increase of working
capacity. The dietary properties of sour-milk drinks are
determined by the presence of “live” beneficial
microflora and persist for a long time, as long as this
microflora remains viable and pure. The article
contains data distinguishing the effects of the use of
commercial fermentation starters EKOKOM Laktina,
TM GoodFood, Kaprina on the qualitative
characteristics of dairy clots. The article specifies the
influence of fermentation starters and vegetable fillers
on the organoleptic parameters of the final sour-milk
product. The authors of the article further present data describing the organoleptic and physicochemical
quality profile of yoghurt enriched with vegetable
fillers, obtained by introducing commercial
fermentation starters of various manufacturing
companies
The article describes the influence of initial porosity,
grain boundaries and ways of getting carbide steel for
wear resistance of carbide steel. The generalization of
structure influence for wear resistance of carbide steel
is presented
Ensuring food safety for a long time has a global
character. The results of world scientific studies
confirm the negative effect of trans-isomers of
unsaturated fatty acids on the human body,
convincingly proving that their consumption increases
the risk of various diseases, including cardiovascular
diseases. Taking care of public health, many European
countries at the legislative level strictly regulate the
content of trans-isomers of unsaturated fatty acids,
obliging manufacturers to also issue information on the
quantitative content of TIUFA on packaging. Such
measures can reduce morbidity and mortality, but
require the introduction of progressive technological
processes. The work analyzes numerous literature
sources and generalizes the material on existing types
of technological modifications of fats -
transesterification and fractionation, which allow
obtaining specialized fats without trans-isomers or with
a low content of trans-isomers of fatty acids
This article considers the structure of the regional transport system of the forest complex, in which each mode of transport is characterized by a certain structure, technology of functioning and means. To describe the relationship between the parameters that determine the activity of a particular mode of transport, the production function method is used. Analytical dependence expressing the formal relationship between the parameters of various modes of transport is presented, the objective function of the organizational structure of the regional transport system management is presented, reflecting the efficiency of the entire transport system as a whole. The formulation of the problem is considered from the standpoint of game theory, in which there are four players with disparate interests: the organizational structure of the regional transport system and the three transport subsystems, each of the participants has its own control vector that belongs to the given set. We consider the case of full awareness, in which the hierarchical structure and all the objective functions of the system are known to the participants. The resulting statement of the problem is modeled by the game of four persons with conflicting interests. The game is viewed from the perspective of transport subsystems. To describe the relationship between the parameters that determine the activity of a particular mode of transport, the production function method is used. An algorithm for solving the problem is given
The article has examined the application and found the
processes that need to be automated. The advantages
of this method of automation of the technical support
service are considered. Using the unified modeling
language (UML), an information system model is
constructed based on the information received. Using
the developed model, the method of accounting for
channel services and equipment will be automated, as
well as the process of interaction with customers
The article considers problems of constructing a
temporal processor in the planning and management of
a multitude of objects using various temporal theories
of representing temporal factors of perception of the
external environment based on the phenomenon of
human memory
The study was carried out with the financial support of
the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, within the
framework of the RFBR research project 17-02-
00475a "Application of metaheuristic algorithms to
solving direct and inverse problems of optimizing
control of spatially distributed complexes". The article
considers the task of scenario approach to project
management in case of abnormal progress of its
implementation. Various contingencies have been
analyzed in the course of project implementation. A
model of the scenario approach for project
management using the training principle with
reinforcement is proposed
This article describes the basics of performance, as
well as the structural and functional component of
the development and implementation of SQC. In
accordance with this, a computational structure of
the simulator of a quantum calculator has been
derived, taking into account all the available
features of constructing a simulator of a quantum
computing device. Also, a software implementation
of the derived universal computational structure of
SQC that satisfies and operates according to the
principles of this scheme is implemented
In this article, on the basis of phenomenological
consideration of kinetic processes in semiconductors
volume, we have conducted an analysis, in order to
estimate the drift and diffusion components of the
output current for hot carriers in the total output of
the conductivity structure of the chip. The result
revealed amplitude and frequency characteristics of
this component of the conductivity, illustrating a
greater amount of its modulus and phase inversion
near the field-strength values of Ghan effect. This
can be used for designing oscillators of millimeter
range of wavelengths. It is shown that the nonlinear
diffusion component along with the drift is important
for the output conductance of the test specimen
Special aspects of grain heap and corn cobs trapping
by modern mechanisms and plants with photoelements
have been considered, also the main ways of their
functional developing are disclosed
Gardening is one of the high-value and highly profitable
branches of agriculture. However, the level of fruit
production in Russia still lags far behind the needs of
the population: 20-25 kg of fruits and berries per year
are grown per capita, which is a quarter of the minimum
consumption rate. Currently, domestic gardening has a
low efficiency due to non-compliance with the criteria
of world production of fruits. The production of gardens
is not competitive enough and does not meet the
requirements of the highest quality categories of
domestic standards. To increase fruit production, it is
necessary to increase the level of intensification of fruit
growing using the most valuable varieties and
progressive technologies of cultivation. In this article,
we consider devices for soil content in orchards, as well
as for pruning trees - the main agrotechnical techniques
in the technology of growing pomegranate crops that
promote the production of stable, optimal harvests of
fruit crops. The universal device of fruits is also covered, which makes it possible to reduce labor costs
during the laying, care and harvesting of the fruit
garden. The wide development of intensive
technologies for growing fruits adapted to specific
climatic conditions and ensuring a high level of
competitiveness and profitability of production is one of
the necessary conditions for the further development of
gardening in Russia
The article presents data on the development of
recipes and technologies for the production of
functional drinks based on cabbage juice. Theoretical
and experimental justification of the selection of
ingredients of plant origin for the modeling of drinks
with a high content of pectin substances is offered in
the article. The use of carrots, beets and cranberries is
considered as an additional raw material for the
purpose of expanding the range and improving the
organoleptic properties of beverages. The fractional
composition of pectin substances used in the raw
materials was studied. The expediency of introducing
concentrates of pectin substances into beverage
recipes, which define the functional properties of
beverages and their optimal content in the recipes
was determined. The characteristics of basic
parameters of new drinks based on cabbage juice are
given. The results of the study of the complex
forming property of the developed beverages, which
confirmed their functional orientation, are presented.
Experimental studies have shown that the addition of
pectin increases the complex forming property of
juices. Complex forming ability of cabbage juice
with beet pectin in comparison with the control
sample and other samples is the highest. Taking into
account additional complex of biologically active
compounds based on cabbage juice, this product can
be used as therapeutic, prophylactic and
chemoprotective
The article presents innovative technologies and developed methods and devices for drying chicken manure. Ways of their optimization on the basis of screw aggregates and a calculation technique for introduction in production are offered. The results of a long-term research into the search for and development of innovative technologies for the construction of a methodology for calculating not only a device for drying chicken manure with subsequent introduction into production, but also a device for drying bulk materials of agricultural purpose are shown. An example of thermal calculation and selection of the parameters of a drying device is shown on the basis of screw aggregates
For different industries, there was a need of creation new equipment and mechanisms with enhanced characteristics. Special requirements are imposed to energetic and mass-dimensional indices of systems of electric drives as one of the main components of such devices. Mass-dimensional and energetic indices due to constructional features and the used management system will allow improving the use of special or controlled asynchronous cascade systems of an electric actuator of axial construction. One of the main difficulties is simulation and design of special systems of the electric drive. In the article, we offer a new approach to determination of magnetic model parameters of the stator of a component of a controlled asynchronous cascade electric actuator of axial construction
An algorithm for obtaining a complex of mathematical
models of electromechanical devices, which can then
be formalized and implemented in software, is
proposed and described. Until recently, the
implementation of this algorithm was possible only
with the manual derivation of all expressions, which
significantly hampered the work of researchers. The
appearance of such programs as Maple, Mathematica
and MathCAD provided the possibility to automate the
process of obtaining analytical calculations that allows
calculating any modes of any types of
electromechanical devices, reduces the likelihood of
errors and allows you to change accepted assumptions
and designations in the developed models. The choice
of the MathCAD program (in comparison with Maple
and Mathmatica) can be justified by the fact that
MathCAD has the most convenient interface, allowing
not only to perform mathematical calculations, but also
to present the results in ordinary mathematical
notation. The analytical results obtained in MathCAD
can be immediately included in numerical models
Life Sciences
This article discusses the results of the study to determine the impact of different primary tillage and herbicide against weeds in winter wheat agrocenosis. The task of the research was to determine the impact of primary tillage (moldboard plowing and surface treatment) factor A and herbicide (Lancelot) factor B on the agro-physical and agrochemical soil properties. It has been established that the content of productive moisture during the growing period of winter wheat in 0-100 cm of soil layer didn’t depend on the method of tillage. Introduction of herbicide Lancelot boosted the moisture reserves in soil compared to the control type, in the herbicide-free type the weeds absorb the large amounts of moisture. Surface soil treatment did not have negative effects on soil agro-physical properties and its structure in comparison with moldboard plowing. Number of agronomically valuable aggregates on moldboard plowing is 85.2 - 87.5%, on surface one is - 86.2 87.5%. Density of composition and waterproof aggregates under surface treatment didn’t defer to tillage. Accumulation of wet and dry mass by weeds regardless to the way of soil tillage declined to a minimum when introducing the herbicide Lancelot. The high yield of winter wheat was obtained on this type. Mathematical processing results have shown that due to factor A (main soil tillage) to moldboard plowing the average productivity is 57.5 kg/ha, on surface one is 56.0 kg/ha, i.e. the difference between treatments is 1.5 t/ha (with NSR05 on factor - 2.9 t/ha) is insignificant. To factor B (herbicides) on control the productivity is 54.5 kg/ha, introduction of Lancelot increased the productivity to 59.5 t/ha, i.e. the increase was 5.5 kg/ha at NSR05-by the factor B-2.9 t/ha, i.e. is significant. Thus, the present soil treatments had no effect on yield of winter wheat in ordinary black soil. The use of herbicide Lancelot has produced the harvest increase in 0.5 t/ha on average for 2 years
Using of organomineral composts to preserve fertility and restore ecological functions of chernozem soils in the Krasnodar territory is necessary. Their composition depends on the properties of chernozem soils and can include various wastes of industry and agriculture. The main component of compost can be organic wastes of livestock, and plant residues and mineral additives are additional compost components. Peculiarities of the interaction of the components of the organomineralic mixture, which including manure of cattle and phosphogypsum, are considered in the work. In the interaction of organic particles of cattle manure and phosphogypsum particles, structural formations are formed where the phosphogypsum particles are enveloped by particles of cattle manure. The experience of composting this organomineral mixture with various crop residues of crops was carried out. Plant residues according to the intensity of decomposition in composts can be represented in the next row, beginning with more decomposed ones: sugar beet> winter wheat> winter barley> corn> sunflower. The composts obtained were characterized by a well-aggregated structure with a predominance of particles 1-2 mm in diameter, good aeration, low density (1.01-1.10 g / cm3), and favorable humidity (22-25%). The structural factor of composts with different plant residues ranged from 3.1 to 4.3 units. The best physical properties were compost, including plant residues of sugar beet, the worst - sunflower. The combination of an organomineral mixture with various plant residues contributed to a decrease in alkalinity of the substrate, a slowing of the mineralization of organic matter, restraint of ammonification processes, and an increase in the content of total nitrogen and phosphorus
The article gives an overview of the current
developments of scientists of the Russian Federation in
the field of production of feed concentrates and
premixes for cattle. A critical analysis of feed
concentrates and premixes of preventive and
compensatory action for the control of mycotoxicoses
was carried out, and their brief characteristics were
given. The characteristic of biologically active
substances and fillers, declared in the recipes of feed
concentrates and premixes, is given. It is shown that
the alternative to existing feed concentrates and
premixes on the market is vitamin-mineral fodder
concentrate "Tetra +", developed by the authors. Based
on the analysis, a conclusion was made about the
relevance of studies to identify the effectiveness of
vitamin-mineral fodder concentrate "Tetra +" in
livestock
A variety determines the direction of use of grape
products and plays a leading role in improving its
quality. Preservation of genetic resources of grapes
and their studying are very important for modern
science. The studied material makes it possible to use
the selected genetic characteristics for breeding new
varieties of grapes, taking into account the
requirements, and introducing them into production, as
well as highlighting the most valuable varieties for
transferring them to the state variety testing. Among a
wide variety of grape varieties, in the ampelographic
collection there are varieties of AZOSVIV selection of
the technical direction: Krasnostop AZOS and
Dostoiniy, for which complete phenotyping was
carried out. The phenological and agrobiological
information on the grape varieties studied for 2015-
2017 is collected. The presented grades of grapes of
the technical direction are characterized by high
quality of production. The wines from the varieties
Krasnostop AZOS and Dostoiniy are competitive,
characterized with high consumer properties; they
enjoy the well-deserved fame and were nominees of
exhibitions and holders of diplomas repeatedly. Based
on the results of microsatellite profiling, the varieties
showed a sort-specific general combination of alleles.
At the same time, in each locus there is one identical allele, which corresponds to the fact that the varieties
Krasnostop AZOS and Dostoiniy have one common
parent (Phylloxer-resistant Gemete). The received
formulas of a variety (DNA-passports) in practice can
be effectively applied to determine the cleanliness of
planting stock and plantations of grapes, specification
of the parent forms of the sample and in the disputed
questions of the authorship of the variety. The study
was supported by Federal Agency for Scientific
Organizations program for support the bioresource
collections
Currently, personal subsidiary farms (PSF) have an
important place in solving of the food security problem
in some regions and the country as a whole. The
organization of optimal and sustainable management
strategy of maintenance for PSF should be planned
according to the study of functioning of PSF. The
authors propose a unified methodical approach for
complex accounting of energy costs of external and
internal flows involved in the production of
agricultural products. Comparative energy
characteristic of the functioning of the two personal
subsidiary farms located in the Tomsk oblast and
having different socio-economic and climatic
conditions is presented in the article. Both farms are
located in the taiga zone of Western Siberia.
Calculations of the energy content of all the incoming
and outgoing flows involved in the economic activities
of PSF showed that the flow of technogenicanthropogenic
energy is the most energy-intensive for
both farms. Some conformity in the energy structure
of consumption of their own product takes place
despite the different types of stockbreeding
specialization. An assessment of the level of selfsufficiency
in food has shown that more favourable
socio-economic conditions create preconditions for an
increase of the anthropogenic flow. While PSF located
in remote areas are forced to conduct of business
activities with maximum using of natural resource
potential
In Nizhny-Volzhsky Agricultural Research Institute
at Dubovskoye strong point, by hybridizing local
varieties with southern varieties, and by using
cultivated hybrids from free pollination, a number of
plum varieties combining winter hardiness with high
fruit quality have been introduced. The varieties
Volgograd, Bogatyrskaya and Vengerka
Korneevskaya are sorted, as well as a number of
other local Volga varieties obtained by
hybridization: Volga Blue, Summer Ternosly,
Autumn Ternon with the most adaptive introduced
varieties. These Volga varieties are donors of winter
hardiness. The environmental conditions of the
Lower Volga region contribute to the development
of adaptive genotypes that combine winter hardiness
with high fetal quality. The use of new varieties of
plums obtained in the Lower Volga region, in
crosses with the best varieties of plum, allows the
creation of industrial varieties of this crop
The increasing consumption of forest resources causes
a greater anthropogenic impact on forest ecosystems
and leads to a negative impact on both biodiversity and
the environment as a whole. In this article, the
sustainability of forest phytocenosises of southeast of
Western Siberia is assessed using the example of
Tomsk region. The analysis of the status and dynamics
of the forests of Tomsk region has been assessed. The
main factors negatively affecting the biodiversity of
forests of Tomsk region were analyzed. The forests
cover extensive areas; therefore, the studies were
carried out based on the data from the State Forestry
Register of the Russian Federation for the period from
2008 to 2015. According to the results of the study, the
sustainability of forest phytocenosises has increased
significantly in recent years, which can be explained
by its strengthened ability to maintain the current state
under the influence of external factors. This work
considers such causes of damage and death of forest
plantations as pests, forest diseases, unfavorable soil
and climate impacts, forest fires, as these are the main
and most massive phenomena that cause the greatest
damage to forest. It is possible to see the dynamics of
damage and death of forest plantations on the figures
presented in the article
Тhe results of the evaluation of the condition of trees
and shrubs in various types of park and garden stands
located on the territory of several educational buildings
of Petrozavodsk state university are presented in the
article. The details of the planning of sites and the
spatial location of trees and shrubs are displayed. The
species composition and the distribution of plants
according to the categories of viability are identified.
The 3D computer models of the studied territories with
inventory results are created. The analysis of the
plantation allows us to offer projects on formation of
the landscape planning structure of the university
campus of PetrSU
Nowadays, domestic pig production is dynamically
changing in technological and selection terms and is
one of the most effective sectors. In the current
conditions of pig breeding in intensive technology, the
requirements to the level and direction of pig
production, the rational use of genetic resources are
increasing. The development of effective methods for
the production of pork on the basis of the wide use of
highly productive breeds and types of both imported
and domestic selection allows to obtain the maximum
possible productivity of animals, to produce pork of
good quality, to reduce the cost of production and to
fully realize the genetic potential of animals. Genetic
and selection techniques have significantly changed
the physiological, morphological and productive
capabilities of modern animals. In connection with
this, the actual for the pig industry is the identification
of opportunities to increase the duration of the use of
pigs, and the inclusion of new indicators in breeding
work when creating specialized maternal lines. The
research was carried out on the electronic database
(KP ACC, OOO "Selikom", Ryazan), the breeding
center "Lozovoye" ZAO "Plemzavod-Yubileyniy" of
the Tyumen region. The center is engaged in
thoroughbred breeding and improvement of four pigs:
large white, landrace, pietren, duroc
The article presents long-term studies of afforestation on
the Taman Peninsula. The directions of improving the
ecology of the peninsula are considered by increasing
the total biomass of the biogeocenosis of the given
region by creating forest plantations, increase of forest
cover and involvement of non-generating land in the
economic circulation. Practical agro-forest-meliorative
aspects of development of a specific category of nonproducing
lands are presented. The basic agrotechnical
methods are recommended at creation of forest
plantations. The analysis of the state of forest plantations
on the unique site of the Taman Peninsula is given - it is
a tract of Sad Yakhno
In the conditions of the two-factor field experiment,
the influence of four methods of incorporating straw in
the soil on the rice yield was studied: plowing, one-,
two- and three-time discs and three ways of
"processing" the straw: embedding in the soil of the
chopped straw in its pure form, together with
compensating nitrogen fertilizer and inoculated stubble
biodestructor Stemix ® Niva. It is shown that the
lowest yield is formed when straw is plowed, while
surface tillage of soil by one-, two- and three-fold
discs significantly increases the grain yield in
comparison with the plow by 2.4, 4.2 and 5.2 c / ha,
respectively. Taking into account that the double
disking provided an almost twice increase in the yield
of the crop and the absence of statistically significant
differences with the triple disking; it is this method of
incorporating the straw that should be considered the
most expedient. The introduction of a compensating
nitrogen fertilizer ensured a reliable increase in yield
by 5.1 and 3.7 centners per hectare in comparison with
the variants with the introduction of straw in pure form
and treatment with biopreparation. Calculation of the
share of the influence of the factors studied on the rice
yield showed that the method for embedding straw
provides 29.9% of the variability of the trait under
study, the method of straw treatment is 36.7%, and the
residual dispersion accounts for 33.4%. Incorporation
of chopped rice straw in the soil together with
compensating nitrogen fertilizer in the amount of 1%
of the mass of straw, by double discing, ensured the
receipt of a conventionally net income of 6940 rubles /
ha, the rate of return - 70.4% and the cost recovery -
1.7 rubles / rub
An analysis of the state of contamination of rice crops
with red-grained forms was carried out, as well as
impurity was found both in the seed material and in
the soil. It was shown that there is a need to switch to
non-weeding seed growing technology when
conducting elite and reproductive seed production.
Various variants of soil cultivation in combating the
red rice forms are considered, both in the main and in
the pre-sowing treatment. It has been found that after
harvesting rice on heavily foul areas, it is better to
burn straw, and not to carry out autumn tillage of the
soil, the seeds of red-grained forms die mostly when
wintering on the soil surface. The most effective
method of soil cultivation for controlling of red rice
forms in seed crops has been identified, in which the
yield is increased, and the contamination of crops and
the resulting rice grain is significantly reduced. The
work carried out will allow reducing manual labor
costs in the production of seeds, improving their
quality and assortment, speed up variety changing and
variety updating
Urban trees can provide multiple environmental
benefits. The study of the state of the street tree and
shrubby vegetation from the analysis of inventory data
and environmental conditions is purpose the article.
The structure of 11 types of street roadside vegetation,
which determines about 93% of the greenery
composition of the city of Ekaterinburg is considered.
The structure of the examined tree-shrub vegetation
and all vegetation, which is part of the greening of
Ekaterinburg, is compared. For each tree (shrub) was
measured: species, number of stems, diameter of stem
at 1,3 m, tree height, height to base of live crown,
crown width, percent of branch dieback in crown,
percent of canopy volume devoid of leaves, number of
sides of the tree receiving sunlight from above,
distance and direction to building, distance to road. As
a result, homogeneity of illumination of various plant
species is received. Ash ordinary has the largest of all
plants values of the percent of the missing crown
(61.3%) and closest distance to the road. The effect on
the plants (by average distance) of urban buildings (7-
30 meters) and the proximity of the roadway (3-7
meters) was observed
The study of the productive qualities of crossbred
offspring from different breeding combinations and
identifying the most effective ones providing the
maximum increase in the production of high quality
lamb while reducing its cost is an important problem
and is essential for further development of methods of
creating a new type of precocious meat and wool
sheep. In the Rostov region in the result of the
establishment of populations of meat-wool sheep there
are several groups of animals with different
characteristics and hereditary inclinations. As the base
of the work there is a method of mating and breeding
of sheep of the desired type. The article presents the
results of one of the fragments of a large complex
work in which the possibility of using three-pedigree
hybrids, created with the involvement of potential
salskaya, edilbaevskaya and intense meat-wool breed,
which is severokavkazskaya, to improve productive
quality in the breeding of sheep. We have evaluated
productivity and biological features of hybrids and
proved the economic efficiency of their use in the
production of mutton. We have given the results of the
control slaughter and assessment of qualitative
indicators of the meat of young sheep. The set of
indicators characterizing meat productivity and meat
quality revealed that the superiority of the studied
indicators remained for two - and three-bred cross
cattle. Hybrids have a higher rate of growth and
quality parameters of meat productivity. These options
are simple and complex industrial crossing are
promising and can be implemented and used on the
farms of the zone of breeding Merino sheep. Thus, the
use of crossbreeding gives an opportunity to convert a
flock of sheep in the desired direction quickly. At the
same time, three-pedigree hybrids better combine the
valuable qualities of the used species
In the soils of rice fields, eluvial gley processes
develop, which are manifested in redistribution of silty
particles along the profile, water-soluble humus,
mobile compounds of iron and phosphorus. Most
intensively, these processes are developed in meadowbog
soils, confined to closed depressions of the plains
plain. Meadow-black soils lying on elevated relief
elements have more favorable physical, physicochemical
and oxidation-reduction properties for
cultivating rice and accompanying crops in crop
rotation. The highest yield of rice is formed on high
checks and higher at 12,4 c/ha than on low ones
The steady development of modern pig farming
dictates the need for new priorities, opportunities and
requirements, such as reducing harmful environmental
impacts, more efficient use of resources, and provision
of comfortable conditions for the pig housing. The
creation of an appropriate ITS BAT in the branch will
optimize the activity of agricultural pig breeding
enterprises due to the transition to performance of
requirements based on BAT technological parameters,
to solve the problem of energy efficiency, import
substitution and increase of competitiveness. Their
integration will have an effect not only on improving
the ecological state of the environment, but also on the
economy of agricultural enterprises providing a new
approach to agricultural activity
The article contains data on results of calving and blood tests of heifers moved from the Astrakhan region in the Temryuk district of the Krasnodar region in the condition of early pregnancy. According to the accompanying documents, cell blood count, hemoglobin and biochemical parameters were consistent with species and age normal. Calving took place without complications and did not require delivery; received 36 of 36 calves from cows. The quality of the calves found to be satisfactory. On the 45th day of service period, clinical signs of impaired health status were present in 2 animals, however biochemical markers of liver disease, inflammation, and anemia was identified in 7 heifers. In the context of work on creation of livestock combined milk and meat productivity of inseminated heifers and heifers of the Simmental breed the Simmental semen (25 cows) and Aberdeen Angus (34 cows) breeds. Fruitfully inseminated 55 out of 60 animals; indicator of severity of calving was 8 % for Simmental cows. Calves of Simmental breed and Simmental-Aberdeen Angus cross-breeds meet the requirements for live weight at birth and the exterior. Farming on the formation of herds of milk and meat direction of productivity are found to be effective
In breeding programs, evaluation of initial material is
made on all the stages of developing the variety. Great
difficulties for the breeding process are made by
absence of modern mechanisms for storing, retrieving,
manipulating the relevant data, and using the
information previously obtained for use in solving the
set breeding task. In order to organize the management
of breeding process for development of high-quality
rice varieties, based on the urgency of problem of
intellectual analysis of data, the Database "Rice
Quality" was designed as a set of structured data - the
rice quality characteristics identified in the stages of
the process of developing variety belonging to the
"Rice". In the domain model, the infologic model, a set
of parameters for evaluating rice quality in terms of
out-of-program components is defined. The program is
written in the Microsoft Access database environment
using built-in query building tools, forms, reports. The
structure of the developed tables includes static and
refreshed directories in which the necessary
information is stored, the tables are combined into
one-to-many relationships, while ensuring data
integrity, cascading updates and deletion of fields
In the article, long-term data (2007-2015) of biometric parameters of an elevated part of plants are provided. Assessment of prospects of five introduced botanical species of juniper is carried out and recommendations about their use in landscaping are made. From 25 studied grades of junipers of types: Cossack, Sredniy, Virginia, Horizontal and Scaly we have established very perspective, perspective and a little perspective for gardening in the conditions of a foothill zone of the Krasnodar region
The results of comparative analysis of three white muscat grades of grapes Viorika, the Muscat de Yaloven and the Muscat onitskan according to the biological indicators of fructification, productivity, quality of berries, mechanical structure of bunches, suitability for manufacture of direct extraction juice and dry wines are depicted in the article. All studied grades differ by high percent of fruiting runaways and high factors of fruiting and fructification. The highest factors of fruiting and fructification of runaways are reflected at grade Viorika, and the lowest - at a grade the Muscat de Yaloven. Biological indicators of fructification of runaways according to the length of a fruit spear are high and rather levelled at all grades. That is why, depending on bushes forming, it is possible to apply short and average (6-7 buds) length of vine cutting. Biological indicators of fructification of runaways from angular buds and sleeping buds are high enough, that shows to good regenerative ability of studied grades. Grades Viorika and the Muscat de Yaloven are tall, and the Muscat onitskan is average height. Degree of ripening of runaways at grades Viorika and the Muscat onitskan is good, at a grade the Muscat de Yaloven - satisfactory. Productivity of grades Viorika, Muscat de Yaloven and the Muscat onitskan is 77,94; 81,52 and 72,72 centner/hectares, and efficiency of runaway - 199,5; 193 and 221,9 with a significant difference between grades on both indicators. The exit of a mash at grades was 77,5-79,4 %. According to the contents of solids, sugars and acids, grapes of all grades correspond to requirements for manufacture of high-quality direct extraction juice. From grapes of these grades, it is possible to produce high-quality direct extraction juice under the name of ampelographic and blended grades.
Sampling estimation of dry wines from grapes of these grades fluctuates from 7,6 to 7,8 points: 7,8 (Viorika), 7,7 (the Muscat onitskan), 7,6 (the Muscat de Yaloven)
Social Sciences and Humanities
Ethnic minorities’ traditional economy and business forms are the research object. The algorithm specification of the traditional economy forms research in the structure of ethnological examinations and regional ethnological monitoring act as the purpose of the article. The list of research subjects in programs of field researches is offered: a) latent forms of the social relations regulation and their traditional outlook conditionality; b) The cause and effect relationships of the ethnic minorities traditional economic specialization transformation in rural enclaves; c) an order of formation of network (system) of the ethnic enterprises in the urban environment which are focused on services the offer: the migrants facilitating integration; preservation of political, social and economic and cultural ties with regions of "outcome"; creation of conditions for preservation of ethnic self-identification; d) problem "points" of cross-cultural communications identification. The research is conducted within the project "the South of Russia: ethnic businessmen of "house" and beyond his limits (experience of social and economic adaptation)" with financial support of the Russian humanitarian scientific fund (RGNF. Project 1701-00407)
Social Sciences and Humanities
Currently, there are two opposing tendencies in the world economy: globalization and regionalization, which are refracted in one of the tendencies of modern development, as participation of regions of different levels in international cooperation. In the conditions of slowing the registered rates of economic growth, decisions on investment activation are topical. It is important for Russian megaregions to develop their own investment incentive trajectory. The national economy of any country cannot develop effectively without involving it in foreign economic relations. Foreign economic activity is becoming an increasingly important factor in the development of the national economy and economic stabilization. The development of foreign economic activity plays a special role in modern conditions, when the process of integration of the economy into the world economy is taking place. Small and medium business is one of the most important sectors of the economy of the Rostov region, the dynamic development of which has a positive impact on reducing social tensions in the society (including by creating new jobs), increasing the investment attractiveness of the region, and also contributing to the positive economic growth rates of Don. At the same time, in the current economic conditions, small and medium-sized businesses need to strengthen state support to overcome certain emerging negative trends, unlike a large business with an adequate margin of safety. Priority spheres of investment activity in the south of Russia are: the Russian foreign trade specialization (foreign trade transit), improving the dynamics of the sectoral structure of the economy with import substitution (livestock), improving the quality of business environment management and investment, marketing investment potential in southern Russia (foreign and domestic investors)
Conceptual provisions of regional economic science and also experience of many countries with mature market and developing economy demonstrate that long-term sustainable development of the country and its regions substantially is defined by productive use of modern forms of the spatial organization of economy. The essence of spatial potential is shown in total the regional economic potential or resources, innovative, integration and information processes of their development and also enterprise activity and the interests of business community in their use including on the basis of intersubject integration. For more evident illustration of level of differentiation between regions by leaders and regions by outsiders the author gives the results of researches of NIU "Higher School of Economics" conducted by Center of Development Institute stated in the form of the summary index of the regional economic activity (REA) of sectors of economy and federal districts. For achievement of the goal and the solution of problems of spatial development of Russia the author predetermines the choice of the priority directions of public policy of spatial and economic development of the country. The specified progressive directions have to be result of purposeful activities of the state for improvement of the organization of resettlement of inhabitants, placement in the territory of objects of economy, the social sphere, transport, power and other infrastructures, etc.
The most important component of the region's competitiveness is its ability to attract and build up limited resources in the economy in a competitive market, which is also an indispensable condition for the sustainable development of the region's economic system in today's conditions. The development of regional entrepreneurship is correlated with the features of the socio-economic systems of the region. Thus, demographic, social, state regulation and support factors, as well as the availability of resources in the region, have a significant impact on the definition of regional business specifics. For the Russian Federation with its immense length and high heterogeneity of economic space, the most important task in this context is the formation and rational use of progressive forms of innovative activity. With this in mind, a special mechanism is needed that can ensure coordination and cooperation in innovation activities. Such a mechanism is the innovative infrastructure of the region, which provides access to various resources and is itself a potential for economic development. In general, the competitiveness of the region rests on the competitiveness of goods, commodity producers and industries, its ability to produce goods and services that are in demand on the market, both at home and international, target targets for the formation of regional competitiveness include the growth of limited economic resources in the region, the progressive development of the regional economy , maintaining and increasing the share of the regional economy in the national and world markets for goods and services, etc.
The article deals with problems of using of
possibilities of management analysis of production
expenses due to features of production on the example
of enterprises of meat processing industry. To opinions
of authors, the wrong choice of the base of distribution
of indirect expenses reduces the exactness of
calculation of prime costing of indirect expenses of
separate types of products. The authors set out a basis
that at the choice of methodology of analytical
calculations for the decision of managerial tasks
(planning of assortment and others), it is necessary to
be oriented to the rate of direct costing. Reduction of
items of prime costing simplified its setting of norms,
account, control and an account and improves the
control of conditionally-permanent, indirect expenses.
It is suggested necessarily to expect the marginal profit
of separate products, because products with higher
marginal profit bring in a greater contribution to
forming of general income of an enterprise
Currently, during the period of international sanctions against Russia, most of the domestic organizations found themselves in a rather difficult economic situation, having lost investment from outside. This is due not only to the general situation that has developed in our country, but also to the poor financial situation of many domestic organizations. The lack of compliance of financial indicators with normative, high level of accounts payable and unprofessionalism of employees only exacerbates this situation. The article analyzes the theoretical and conceptual provisions for forecasting the investment attractiveness of organizations. In the course of the research, the concept of "investment attractiveness" was clarified and supplemented. The article has a research character, which is expressed in the fact that it examines foreign and domestic methods of forecasting investment attractiveness by the example of «Fanagoria-Agro», which is stably positioned in the market and attractive to investors. It was revealed that in order to increase the investment attractiveness of the research organization, according to the methods developed by the author, the amount of assets should be reduced by reducing the receivables. A set of measures to increase the investment attractiveness of «Fanagoria-Agro» was developed and the economic feasibility of its implementation was justified
The article deals with the energy security of Russia in
conditions of sanctions and the globalization of the
modern economy in the world community. It is
substantiated that energy security is the main factor of
political and socio-economic stability of each state.
Russia is not an exception. For many years it has been
the world's largest net exporter of oil and gas, mainly
due to the weakness of the economic system, the main
problems of the oil refining industry are considered,
given The definition of energy security, the energy
security of Russia is analyzed in the conditions of the
crisis. An estimation of the export of domestic goods is
given, the reserves of the regions are considered
according to the level of extraction of oil resources, the
rating of the largest oil companies is determined by the
level of average daily oil production. It is concluded,
that for a successful export, the redistribution of
significant oil reserves between regions within the
country will require a relatively long period, not one or
two years. It was revealed, that the level of domestic
production is not fully capable of providing consumers
with the necessary products For which Russia
implements the policy of modernization and
reconstruction of the fuel and energy complex. Russia
has been one of the leading oil exporters for many
years, the main indicators of the oil sector have been
examined, the definition of economic security and
energy security has been defined. The energy security
of Russia is analyzed in the conditions of the crisis, as
well as the globalization of the world economy. A brief
description of the energy security policy of the Russian
Federation is given. An assessment is given of both the
world oil sector and the Russian oil sector, based on this
assessment, a conclusion has been drawn about the
deteriorating conjecture of the oil industry. A
correlation-regression analysis of the effect of oil prices
on the quotes of the Russian ruble was conducted, and
on the basis of the findings it was concluded that the Russian economy is in a sufficiently strong dependence
on oil prices. The possible variant of reducing such
dependence through the increase in the role of SPIMEX
in the international arena and the creation of an oil
benchmark in the Russian Federation is considered and
described
In 2015, the Federal law introduces amendments to
the tax code of the Russian Federation, one of the
main changes is the inclusion of a new article 32. In
this article of the code addresses the issue of levying
tax on property of individuals. the reform of property
taxation in the Russian Federation in 2016, and the
final realization planned for 2020. Despite the fiveyear
implementation period of the reform of real
property taxation in the scientific community and
citizens, there are many questions and concerns. In
our opinion, there are several basic problems, such as
the lack of regulations on real property subject to
taxation, the feasibility of changing the tax base from
the inventory value on the cadastral value of objects
of taxation, the need for constant revision of the
cadastral value of real estate in rapidly developing
urban districts and identifying sources of funding for
these works. Given the current crisis situation,
administration of municipalities seek to raise
revenues, but at the same time it is essential to
monitor social tensions of the population, awareness
in the media and tax authorities. All activities should
be aimed at reforming and improving the legal base
and system of cadastral evaluation
The development of the meat cattle breeding is one of
the priority tasks for the state regulation of agriculture.
The most important questions of the state support for
the meat cattle breeding: terms and limitations, as well
as impact on income. Tax preferences currently
represent the most universal and stable measure of
government support. Special tax regime UAT is the
basic mechanism for tax preference policy
implementation. Assessment of the UAT effectiveness
as a separate measure requires a comparative analysis
with other special tax regimes, assessment of other tax
preferences, identifying trends in tax administration
and UAT analysis from the perspective of state and
agricultural producers’ income. The best international
practices of tax preferences were considered to
increase efficiency. Experience of Canada, China,
Argentina, EU, USA demonstrated the best level.
Among the most effective tax incentives are the VAT
and personal income tax exemptions, non-taxable
income level, optional tax period, application of
average tax base for the last years to protect from tax
sharp fluctuations, reducing the tax base by nontaxable
income level, contributions to social funds,
fixed-taxing principle (fixed amount depending on the
category of payer). In order to increase UAT
effectiveness based on completed analysis of Russian
and international experience we proposed
recommendations and terms taking into account
budget incomes and the goal to improve
competitiveness of small business
The main purpose of any organization is profit making,
that is why profit research is necessary. Profit is
important part of stable position and further
development of the organization. Various factors
influence profit in different ways. Analysis of the
impact of certain factors on the financial result makes
it possible to reveal errors in time and to develop
measures aimed at solving the problems. In the article,
the main factors that influence profit are considered.
A factor analysis of the profit both for the whole
organization and for individual type of product was
conducted, to determine the impact of the profit from
the sale of a particular type of product on the final
financial result. The impact of each factor on profit
was measured, to identify profit growth resources of
the organization. The main directions of increasing
production efficiency were determined to achieve high
financial results
The article considers substantive, methodological and theoretical discourse of modern Russian researchers about the phenomenon of the market economy, the problems lying at its base in the context of the results of research conducted by participants of the V International scientific-practical conference «The Phenomenon of the market economy: from the origins to our days». The authors focus on four grounds the economic dynamics of the market mode of production: 1) the evolution of ideas regulated economy; 2) system as an objective reality of the market economy; 3) socio-institutional aspect of the phenomenon of the market economy; 4) the problems of the agrifood market development. Special attention is paid to understanding the discussion of the historical and economic, reproductive, socio-institutional, and transformative aspects of this phenomenon. The discussion component is manifested in the awareness of the role and place of socialization and humanization of the market at the present stage of development and a qualitative condition of public-private partnerships in the postsoviet world. It considers problems of evolution of the agricultural crises of overproduction and the mechanisms of crisis management identified vectors for the evolution of the agrifood sector of the market. Reasonably concluded that the outcome of the conference will contribute to the quality upgrading of the theoretical and methodological survey of modern economic science, will be the impetus for improving the practice of economic life, renewal and the full extension of the traditions of economic science in the South of Russia
In this article, we show the necessity of formation of a new concept "the sustainable development of qualitatively new economy of the pre-business structures", which emphasize human capital, knowledge economy and scientific and technological progress with access to new technological way. The author substantiates the necessity of using a systematic approach to quantitative and qualitative evaluation of sustainability of small and medium enterprises. The article describes three types of economic goals of small and medium enterprises, the achievement of which is aimed at sustainable development. The main emphasis in the sustainable development of small and medium enterprises is done on a new quality of economic growth. We have developed a methodology for assessing the sustainability of development of small and medium business organizations. The proposed method of multicriteria evaluation of the pace and quality of economic growth of small and medium-go business to identify the priority criteria and determining the factor indicators. Summarizing the conducted researches allowed the author to establish that when combining the categories of sustainability, quality of growth and efficiency of business activities in a single integrated system it is necessary to consider the whole set of conditions and factors of the business environment to achieve set goals in the individual subsystems
The reasons diminishing the efficiency of those
approaches or the difficulties in their realization are
explained. The authors propose 2 models of rural
tourism development as a tool for territorial
development and, as consequence, regional economic
development. The first model foresees large
investments from the national and regional budget.
The second one proposes the review of the economic
actors’ roles in the development of regional
economics and in activation of the entrepreneurship
activity. In the framework of the second model the
investment from the national and regional budgets to
be reduced and, in part, tools of a territorial selforganization
to be launched thanks to activity of
special couch groups and integrating the territory in
the process of digital economy
In the article, general question of material stimulation
of workers are considered. There are given the
definitions of concepts "interest", "motive",
"motivation", "stimulus", "material stimulation",
shown the main problems that are related to the
motivation of workers and employers, whose solution
is closely related to the successful, realization of the
program for the development of the agro-industrial
complex. The main reason for the shortage of labour in
agriculture is a low level of wages that does not meet
the needs of the population. Forms and wage systems
in agriculture are justified by the features of
agricultural production, payments in kind are applied.
In connection with the policy of import substitution
carried out by the state, the out flow labour from rural
areals hoes decreased. To increase the efficiency of
agricultural production it is necessary to carry act
various measures including on stimulating workers of
the agrarian sphere. It is expedient to divide wages into
the main and additional parts while the guaranteed and
variable share varies depending on the quality of
labour. The use of new incentives for labour activity
would make it possible to build a more effective labour
incentive system with the use of which the employee
will be an interested commodity producer, the owner of
the products and resources
The article gives an analysis of the efficiency indicators for the production of plant growing products using the example of the reporting of CJSC "Centralnoe". We have revealed the mathematical model for the analysis of economic efficiency of production of plant growing products. In the work there were considered the following indicators characterizing economic efficiency: labor intensity; profit from the sale of fruits; profitability; cost of 1 centner of fruit; yield; costs for the maintenance of fixed assets used in production. Various models of the dependence of indicators characterizing economic efficiency on the above indicators were considered. As a basic culture, we have selected fruits, because these cultures are the main types of products for this organization. The authors singled out a reliable and qualitative mathematical model of the relationship between profit on sales and yield, labor intensity, and self-worth. Model could be used to determine the economic efficiency of organizations engaged in agricultural activities. The relevance of the study is due because these problem is one of the most important for all organizations that produce plant growing products. The agrarian sector has certain peculiarities, therefore, when determining of the economic efficiency of a separate economic entity and the industry as a whole, it is necessary to take into account these features
The article shows the economic significance of rational usage of natural resources for the benefits of population. The peculiarities of the three types of tourism are expressed: ecological, natural and short. The article proposes the modernization of tourism infrastructure considering the energy efficiency of buildings, consumption of "green energy" and organic agriculture, environmentally safe recycling of municipal solid waste. Such modernization provides a condition for the development of wellness and recreation of all types. The article shows the link between tourism and the improvement of the tools for cleaner production and taxation. It gives the analysis of the characteristics of the formation and use of the tourism resource rents as part of the restructuring process of taxation
The given international scientific-practical conference
has become a platform for the exchange of scientific
knowledge between young and experienced scientists,
practitioners, representatives of power structures.
Including before its participants were representatives of
CEMI RAS, Moscow state University, St.
Petersburg state University, Financial University under
the Government of the Russian Federation, Public
chamber of the Russian Federation, foreign universities
(National agrarian University of Armenia); well-known
scientists from leading universities of the South of
Russia. The main organizers of this school were the
Krasnodar branch of Financial University under the
Government of the Russian Federation, the Krasnodar
regional public charitable Foundation of " Scientific and
educational initiatives of Kuban", Southern Institute of
management (Krasnodar)
In rapidly changing and transforming conditions of
economic development of enterprises, more attention
is paid to the labor potential. Its values are still widely
used in the factors of competitiveness of products and
services analysis. Calculating process of estimating the
labor potential is usually done manually and is not
always objective and effective. According to the
selected issues, this writing is devoted to identifying
and developing the most appropriate methods of
assessment of labor potential and development of
automation software. The authors propose a method of
analysis of the labor potential based on application of
complex integral indicator, which makes possible the
use of labor potential as one of the indicators of
efficiency of activity of the enterprise.
Along with this the practical use of the category "labor
potential" brings to the enterprise unique evaluation
system for employees and can be used to indicate the
purpose and meaning of work activities within the
company – kind of a motivating factor
The purpose of this article is an evolutionary analysis of the regulatory role of the state land resources in the agrarian sphere of Russia; researches have been carried out on the use of agricultural land in the period of economic transformation, problems are identified both at the federal and the territorial level of the subject of the Russian Federation. Recommendations for solving the identified problems are suggested
The article presents theoretical and practical provisions for improvement of small business in agriculture: - two blocks of small businesses’ features in agriculture are justified: the first block is related to the sectoral specifics and its characteristic for both large and small forms of management, while the second block is exclusively associated with the specific characteristics of small business; - the forecast of small business development in agriculture is calculated, according to which the number of farms can decrease insignificantly. The number of cattle and cows in farms will increase, meanwhile it will decrease in private households; the number of sheep in the farms may slightly decrease, while at the same time the number of sheep in the households will increase; the number of birds in farms can increase, while it will decrease at households. The article presents the forecast of volumes and structure of small business, in accordance with which: the dynamics of households’ farming can increase both in crop and livestock production; the dynamics of production in farms will be observed, the structure of production by forms of management will remain unchanged; specific share of agricultural production by types in small farms is justified. Measures of improving the subsidizing and lending mechanism for small business and CRTs in agriculture are justified
Production and processing of grains formed in the national economic system of the country a number of cereals-governmental sectors, such as grain production, grain elevator industry, flour, cereals and mixed fodder production, which constitute the grain complex country. The significance and role of the grain as a commodity in the state economy can not be overestimated. This product is totally liquid, which has a constant, steady demand at any time of the year, in any region. Ongoing measures to increase grain production and improve its implementation did not have a complex character, therefore, insignificant effect on the efficiency of the industry and the competitiveness of grain production. The shortage was covered by imports. According to the characteristics of management in agriculture, it should be emphasized that the absence of objective and timely information at all stages of production of the plant-breeding, and as a result, non-optimal choice of technology of cultivation of agricultural crops, might result in the fact that the cost of labor and material resources increases significantly, the company does not receive profits, and sometimes suffers losses. When selecting cultivation technology for agricultural crops, an agronomist has a database of more than a hundred times-personal of alternative technologies for each crop. It is up to the decision-maker (DMP) to find specific criteria to select the most suitable (for the owners and the climatic zone) technology of cultivating for the culture. These circumstances explain the relevance of in-depth research of economic and mathematical models and methods of analysis and evaluation of the economic efficiency of technologies of cultivation agricultural crops. The article deals with the process of developing a complex of mathematical models and methods for evaluating alternative technologies for agricultural production (using the example of crop production), their software implementation, and the main scientific results of the project
The article substantiates the necessity to use factors
that trigger development mechanisms and describe
risks at various stages of the organization's life cycle
in the process of developing organizational structures
for such large social and economic systems as
corporate integrated structures characterized by the
presence of diverse organizations in their structure. A
comparative analysis of approaches to the description
of the life cycle was conducted, as a result of which it
was determined that L. Greiner's model is incomplete
(it describes only the stages of development), and I.
Adizes' model contains a blurred system of factors.
To solve the problems, the model of I. Adizes was
chosen as the basic approach and the characteristics
of the stages of the life cycle of the organizations are
selected. To formalize the factors that trigger the
development mechanisms and describe the risks at
various stages of the life cycle of organizations, a
cognitive analysis and modeling apparatus was
chosen and a corresponding methodology was
developed. The implementation of the methodology
is represented by the example of the first stage of the
organization's life cycle ("Courtship"), which resulted
in the compilation of a list of factors, their mutual
influence on each other, the type of communication,
and the cognitive model. Analysis of the cognitive
model allowed us to determine the key factor that has
the greatest impact on the transition to the next stage
of development
We have considered the most important direction of development of enterprises of the military-industrial complex: modernizing production capacity and technical re-equipment of these enterprises. The relevance of this issue in recent years has increased significantly due to changes in the terms of military development (economic hardship, sanctions, etc.). We have developed an economic-mathematical model of the choice between modernization and radical technical re-equipment of enterprises. The article has an analysis of this model taking into account the financial factors in this choice. The use of the developed economic-mathematical apparatus in practice allows increasing the efficiency of technological development of enterprises of the military-industrial complex
Social Sciences and Humanities
In the article, devoted to the tradition of mysticism in Russia, the nature and forms of mystical comprehension of reality are examined in historical retrospect. The history of the appearance, distribution and change of ways of mastering the world, alternative to science, touches upon the problems of religious and philosophical mysticism. The Orthodox tradition of ishihasm and neoishihasm is analyzed in detail, the importance of its influence on the spiritual life of the society is revealed. The authors introduce historical material about "Alexandrov mysticism" into circulation and comprehend the reasons for strengthening the West European mystical moods in the XIX century. The paper considers the theosophical heritage of E. Blavatsky, the mystical and pedagogical ideas of R. Steiner, «the vitasofia» of J. Bocan, the esotericism of K. Castaneda, who found a large number of admirers in modern Russian society. The authors note that the peculiarity of social consciousness is ideological syncretism and gives the characteristics of this phenomenon. The article analyzes the reasons for the "survivability" of mysticism, the variability of its forms and manifestations, in particular, adaptability to any means of perceiving reality, its desire to merge, or to enter into conflict, with different types of worldview (for example, science, philosophy and religion). The influence of changes in the sphere of informatization and communication on the wide distribution of mystical literature and practices. It is noted that the mechanisms of human interaction with reality through mystical traditions are not always clear, very broad and multivalued, insufficiently studied and require further research
In this article we are going to consider the influence of
creativity on forming the personal identity, crisis of
modern creative activity and its influence on formation
of surrounding reality and existence. The ideas of creativity
in science fiction are analyzed
In particular, the paradigm of complexity, which
claims to be the dominant post-non-classical
philosophy and science, also came under the trend of
diversity. The paper discusses conceptual foundations
of the particle physics. This theme is examined in
connection with problem of logical and philosophical
analysis of physical language and its usage in
cognitive procedures. Features of synergetic as
interdisciplinary scientific direction, the concept of a
universal evolutionism, value of information in
nature development are discussed. Methodological
basis of the process of integration of scientific
knowledge is the interdisciplinary direction of the
research which important component is the
synergetic. It plays an important role in the concept
of coevolution realization which considers mutual
relation of the person and the nature, the micro- and
the mega-world. The article demonstrates that having
revealed the laws of functioning of complexly
evolutionizing, nonlinear systems, synergetic thus
posed the fundamental questions of both
epistemological and ideological and value nature
There were considered the problems and prospects of opponents of ruling liberal ideology – socialism and conservatism in the article. It is proven, that the main problems for socialism and conservatism water down their social basis as well as their exclusion into theoretical area. Dynamics of socialism and conservatism under the influence of neo-liberal practice is rather contradictory and differently directed. From one hand, it makes many left and right politicians take principles of neo-liberalism going to compromise. From other hand, sides strengthen the radicalization of more serious supporters of these ideologies. Nevertheless, the opponents of liberalism are not devoid of prospects. Losing its total character inherent it in the "age of ideology", these ideologies can remain relevant for a partial (molecular) level. Intensifying social inequality present social fields for development of socialistic ideas, but value deformation activate the conservative postulates
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article is devoted to the consideration of lexical
and stylistic problems of political media discourse
translation. The work compares the English-language
fragments of the political discourse of the media and
their translations into Russian in order to identify
features of the translation of linguistic means, taking
into account their pragmatic potential. The article
emphasizes the manipulative potential of the political
media discourse with the aim of influencing public
opinion, forming the necessary attitude of the masses
to power, lexical and stylistic features of the texts of
the political discourse of the media are revealed to
realize this potential. The theoretical significance and
novelty of this study is due to the greatly increased
interest in the study of the political discourse of the
media in the aspect of translation, since the political
discourse of the media reflects social and political
events in the life of society, while an adequate
translation of the political discourse of the media
ensures the creation of the foreign political image of
the state and its political leaders. It is concluded that
the translator should not only correctly choose the
lexical and -stylistic means in the target language, but
also take into account non-linguistic factors when
choosing strategies and tactics of translation. Among
the main strategies for translating political media
discourse, one can note the selection of equivalents
and functional analogs, compensation and
generalization of meanings
The article examines new-coined place names as a part
of a virtual world in the trilogy “The Lord of the
Rings” by J.R.R. Tolkien in the translation aspect. The
translation of the realities in the fantasy style literature
is a complicated problem, as they possess some
implicit meaning that makes translating process more
difficult. It provides a complex of pragmatic
translation strategies for transformation of such linguoculturally
marked components of a fiction text,
combining the theoretical approach and the writer’s
ideas
The reality of a contemporary global society - «The
Word of the Year» and the possibility of it to be a
discourse formula are discussed in the article. In the
conditions of global development of social, economic,
political and cultural spheres the idea of a choice of the
word of the year is priority in the further development
of cultural linguistics and philology basic aspects. In
our country and abroad experts, literary critics and
common people express the opinion at the initial stage
of competition to reveal the most important words.
Frequency of the word usage, its content and clearness
are in the focus of the attention. In the article the
length of the usage is defined, this period should not be
fewer than 12 months. The choice of a word in the
different countries varies, it depends on life events at
the differentiated levels. In the analyzed countries
words are partly the same, but also differ, it means that
in diverse conditions – social-cultural, political,
economic - the thinking and mentality coincide in
general. In the conclusion it is possible to note that the
keywords, that passed the selection of the competition
«Word of the year», can be considered as a discourse
formula in different kinds of a discourse and in many
countries
The subject of the study is the discursive nature of the
electronic scientific journal "Philological aspect" in
the network environment. This work uses the method
of traditional linguistic description, the logicalsyntactic
method of studying, the method of functional
text analysis, discursive analysis, which allows
identifying the characteristics of the participants of the
discourse communication and their impacts on them.
The article deals with a new type of discourse, which
represents a combination of research, networking,
teaching, administrative, advertising, mass-media
types of discourse that are reflected in the functioning
of the electronic scientific and practical journal, and
realize on the modern electronic platform as a means
of mass information; determines the specific
characteristics of a new discourse type compared to
the traditional discourse types. Scientific novelty of
the research is to establish the constitutive features of
a research, networking, academic types of discourse in
the new discourse type, which is peculiar to the
electronic scientific and practical journal, identifying
lexical, grammatical and textual features and
characteristics of the structural-semantic and
pragmatic parameters of this discourse type. In
conclusion, it should be noted that the interaction of
different discourse types within the electronic
scientific journal is accompanied by formation of the
new discourse type of a higher level – the discourse of
electronic scientific-practical journal. The uniqueness
of the functioning of the scientific journal based on the
electronic platform enhances this interaction of the
discourses in which the imposition of all language
elements, structures, relations, strategies and
characteristics happen at the same time
Social Sciences and Humanities
This article is devoted to the study of problematic
issues related to notification of the person brought to
administrative responsibility, the place and the time of
the drawing up of a protocol. Lack of proper
regulatory legal regulation of the order of call of this
participant in the process gives rise to ambiguous law
enforcement practice. Non-recognition of the notice as
appropriate leads to a decision to terminate the
proceedings in the case of an administrative offense
and, as a consequence, to the removal of the offender
from punishment. The article analyzes various ways to
notify people, the authors emphasize the merits and
demerits of these methods. The conclusion of the
article suggests ways of improving the legislation
regulating the procedure for notifying persons about
the need for presence to draw up a protocol
The article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of
legal capacity, which is one of the fundamental concepts
in the science of civil law. The authors have covered
approaches to the disclosure of this concept in the legal
systems of foreign countries. The common features
inherent in all considered variants of interpretation were
revealed. Legal capacity is a sufficient criterion for
establishing the fact of the legal existence of a legal
entity. In accordance with Art. 17 of the Civil Code of the
Russian Federation, legal capacity is the ability of an
individual to have rights and bear responsibilities. The
emergence of the legal capacity of an individual is
determined by the moment of his birth (clause 2 of Article
17 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).
Accordingly, the termination of legal capacity is
determined by the moment of biological death (clause 2
of Article 17 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation),
since the subject of law no longer exists. If the person has
been declared dead, but in fact is alive, this does not
detract from his legal capacity, he automatically continues
to use his legal capacity, respectively to enjoy the full
range of rights and bear the responsibilities. In the
scientific literature, both passive and active legal capacity
are distinguished. The authors study different approaches,
shows the lack of a common understanding of legal
capacity, but all analyzed doctrinal approaches have a
common feature - all reflections concern a certain person,
his rights and duties. The authors concluded that the key
component of legal capacity is the ability to be a subject
of statutory rights and obligations
The article considers the problems of addressing and
grounds of criminal responsibility for the rehabilitation
of Nazism, the concept and methods of committing
this crime. This article uses various opinions of
scientists-lawyers of Russia on the rehabilitation of
Nazism, such as: S. V. Rozenko, A. A. Turysheva, M.
L. Prokhorova and gives an opinion on the need to
implement the article 354 (1) of the criminal code of
the Russian Federation fully and the Federal law from
13.03.95, №32-FZ "About days of military glory and
anniversaries of Russia"
The article deals with the use of methods of operativeinvestigative
activities in cases of bribery,
inadmissibility of provocation by certain employees of
operational units of law enforcement bodies against
persons being developed in operational accounting
cases. At the same time, the main attention is paid to
strict observance of the criminal procedural legislation
in the fight against this type of criminal activity; some
problems associated with imperfection of the
regulatory legal regulation in the course of operative
investigation activities in the investigation of
corruption crimes are investigated. The circle of
subjects of provocative actions at stages before
excitation of criminal case and carrying out of
preliminary investigation is defined. The reasons and
problems of revealing provocative actions are
considered at carrying out of operatively-search
actions on affairs about bribery. The spectrum of
possible operative-search measures, which can be
conducted with the purpose of revealing and fixing the
facts of bribery, is analyzed. An assessment is made of
the possibility of using the results of such an
operational-search activity as an operational
introduction in establishing the facts of bribery. An
analysis of the judgments of the European Court of
Human Rights on cases of provocative actions during
the conduct of operational-search activities at various
stages of criminal proceedings in criminal cases on
bribery
The article analyzes the legislative definition of the term of "official of the body of inquiry" (introduced in the paragraph 6 of part 1. article 40.2 of the code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation the Federal law from 30.12.2015 year); it substantiates the definition and demarcation of the procedural powers of the relevant officials involved in the instruction execution process of the head of the inquiry body
In the article there is a comparative analysis of the
criminal legislation of the countries of the near
abroad, regulating responsibility for the murder of a
newborn child by the mother
At the present stage, the juvenile legislation of the Russian Federation is going through a period of formation and determination of dominant purpose. The need for the regulation of emerging gaps and inaccuracies was reflected in the overall situation of juvenile delinquency in Russia. By eliminating errors and defects, we solve questions about the future of young and irresponsible people who have made a mistake and need proper correction and education
In modern Russia, there were not created key institutions of political and social development needed to involve young citizens in political and legal life, and very serious criticism is "the effectiveness of judicial reform" and the results of combating systemic corruption, without which it is difficult to count on the impact of the decrease in the level of political and legal nihilism among young people. The review of related problems and approaches to their solution are addressed in this article
This scientific article covers the relevant aspects of an investigator – criminalist of Investigatory Committee of the Russian Federation, both procedural and organizationally – tactical and managerial direction in the field of criminal justice. The author of the scientific article analyzes the norms of the Criminal procedure codex of the Russian Federation, departmental normative legal acts of the General Prosecutor and the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation and expresses his own judgment; offers measures on improvement of position of some norms of the Criminal procedure codex of the Russian Federation on the studied issues
In the article the problematic issues of evaluation of
expert evidence during his interrogation in the court
have been considered, the scientific literature has been
analysed, the viewpoints of leading forensic scientists
and processualists on this issue have been considered.
The issues of evaluation of the expert evidence remain
relevant and currently under the conditions of
realisation of the adversarial principle of the parties in
the criminal proceeding. In the study, the need to
specify the subject of interrogation of the expert has
been emphasized, as well as the recommendations on
its carrying out in the court session. The suggestions
with regard to optimization of interrogation process of
the expert in court have been expressed, namely the
expert's petition in the court for the advance granting
of the list of questions in the written form and rejection
of questions which do not require the use of special
knowledge and equate the procedural status of the
expert to the status of the witness
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article considers methodological approaches to
creating a database of the agricultural crops
iconography. At present time, involving in the
educational and scientific process the artistic works, as
a resource of visual information, becomes a very actual
and even indispensable tool for the formation of new
knowledge about cultivated plants. The work deals
with iconography as a system of images of certain
subjects and characters presented in painting,
ceramics, mosaic, sculpture, tapestry, murals, stamps,
postcards, posters, labels, photos giving information
about this or that agricultural plant. Electronic
databases are the kind of information portal with visual
images. Databases for the iconography of agricultural
plants are successfully used in the scientific process,
because exist the e evidence of changes in plants under
the influence of scientific selection, the search for rare
and ancient genotypes. Any source of information
contains only a certain set of information, far from
exhausting existing points of view, statistical data,
analytical calculations relating directly or indirectly to
this topic. Due to this circumstance, there is a need to
search for new forms of information that can be
successfully implemented in the iconography of the
image of agricultural plants. The creation of electronic
databases includes several stages. Development of the
database structure. If this is a separate topic, then the
basic questions of the topic are revealed and saturated
with visual images. Selection of visual images. As
visual images we can consider paintings of artists,
cartoons, drawings, schemes, infographics, i.e.
illustrations of various kinds
Health Sciences
The research shows the possibility of extended
preimplantation genetic screening (PGD) that allows
to improve the strategy of selection of embryos that
satisfies not only the requirement of the absence of
chromosomal abnormalities, but also includes their
additional check for predisposition to various diseases,
as well as the choice of the embryo with the most
optimal HLA haplotype in cases with expressed
compatibility of parents for HLA-genes
The results of the questionnaire survey of cadets of
Maritime University, Maritime College and students
who had been given training in the Institution of
Advanced Training are presented. It is revealed that
the level of motivation of ship personnel for first aid
treatment to victims on commercial ships is two times
lower than that of cadets. The conclusion about the
necessity of solution the legal aspects of sailorsparamedics,
working under the Russian flag was made
Health Sciences
This report represents the results of study of ASF
clinical signs and pathological changes in dead pigs
infected with an ASF virus isolated from wild boars in
2016. The ASF virus circulating among wild boars in
the Central and the North-Western Districts was found
to be virulent, and causes the death of animals in terms
characteristic of acute and subacute forms with no
development of a full symptom complex of the disease
An impact analysis of abiotic factors of ecosystems on
the metabolic processes of the broiler chicken
organism under various methods of poultry operation
has been carried out. The analysis results confirm that
the enorganic biochemical processes are under the
influence of the environment, and any changes in its
condition cause the development of response reactions
of the organism at the biochemical level. The source of
control of the relative constancy of the milieu interieur
is the interaction of tropic and effector hormones.
Adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol are the main
hormones of adaptation. The activity of the adrenal
capsules turns to be an effector peripheral link of the
reflex chain of the adaptive reaction of the organism.
Adrenal hormones have a direct impact on tissue
metabolism. The following aspects have been taken
into consideration: technological growing conditions,
production parameters, morphological blood values of
chickens of different ages, quantitative content of
adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticoid in the
blood, morphology of the adrenal capsules. The
abiotic factors of the cage management system
contribute to an increase in the concentration of corticoid in the blood of broiler chickens, compared
with this value of the broilers grown under the floor
management
Social Sciences and Humanities
In the center of the article, there is the problem of
establishing a new socio-cultural phenomenon of
choral theatre. Because its borders were fluid and
blurred, the epicenter of the search is genre mixing,
which involved the drama theatre, academic and
folk choral performance, musical. Stage movement
is used particularly active in the works of folk
themes. One of the simple shapes that meet the
needs of visualization in music is performance in a
"media escort." Close border of theatrical and
choral genres with the actual choir is often
manifested at the level of the dual nature of the
performing life works: in a traditional concert
performance and in staging
The Article is devoted to substantial aspects of the Chinese piano concerts. As the carrier of sense, semantics is investigated. Examples of semantics are given from three program concerts: "Yellow River" Yin Chengzonga and creative group – Chu Wanghua, Liu Zhuang, Sheng Likhoun, Shi Shuchen and Xu Feysin, "The mountain wood" of Liu Dunan and "Beauty of spring" of Du Mingxin. One of important typological features of the Chinese piano concerts is caused by the appeal to model of the European classical tool concert in respect of interpretation of a form, performing structure, a role of the soloist tool, its ratio with orchestra, etc. All the composers initially sought to embody national musical contents in the European genre. It is implemented first of all through a semantic complex. Proceeding from hierarchy of the semantic importance, it can be classified as follows: 1) semantics of images of the nature, 2) semantics of sounding of national tools, 3) semantics of melodies, popular in the Chinese environment, 4) genre semantics, 5) semantics of means of musical expressiveness. Introduction of semantics to musical language bears communicative function. The important value had also that presence of a semantic range at the art text is natural to consciousness and art perception of the Chinese
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article shows the situation of persons with disabilities
in the employment system. The article analyses
the socio-economic situation of Russian people with
disabilities and the experience of foreign countries in
solving the problems of employment of people with
disabilities. We also give recommendations for solution
of problems related to employment of people with
disabilities
In the article, personal features of self-regulation
of the subject are considered. Training activity of
the students is investigated. The results of the
research demonstrate contribution of the selfregulation
features and with them related other
personality characteristics (self-efficacy, viability)
to the processes of student self-organization in
context of choice of a learning task. Differences in
self-organization strategies (adaptation-aimed and
non-adaptive self-organization) are shown, with
different personality characteristics. A connection
between the self-organization strategies and their
regulatory features is shown, with the choices
made by the subject. Personal characteristics are
identified, which represent a psychological
resource of a sustainable adaptive self-organization
strategy, allowing making and realizing the choice
in favor of a new/complex situation
Social Sciences and Humanities
This article is devoted to the methodology of the research of the new of the academic discipline "Sociology and Culturology" for «Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin». The article describes the specific tasks posed by the teaching staff of the social and humanitarian department in the connection with the introduction of the integrated academic discipline into the educational process, including problems that require immediate of the resolution. The article reflects the integrative character of the new discipline, the lines of conjugation of the social and cultural components of the scientific knowledge. The main form of the work of the student audience on the practical training is the working with the primary sources, literary texts, which are subjected to the sociological analysis. The authors suggest, that in the process of the development of the new integrative discipline "Sociology and Culturology» students will be able to navigate in the contemporary socio-cultural situation, self-describe and analyze the processes of the world community.
The authors of this article share their thoughts on the inclusion of an integrated discipline in the dialogical concept of social and humanitarian of the knowledge, believing that the focus of the subject "Sociology and Culturology" is a dialogue that is actualized in the text. The optimization of the subject's thinking activity through of the dialogue, according to the authors, contributes to the formation of a harmonious personality with the development of a civic position, an understanding of the historical and social conditioning of the individual's activities
This article describes the social culture of an
individual as a systemically important indicator of the
higher education system. The social culture of an
individual is the core of the reproduction of different
educational levels, the social institution of education in
general, the spiritual sphere of the society. One of the
types of the social culture of a future specialist is the
legal culture. A high level of the legal culture allows
the students to realize their abilities, interests, and
needs. At the same time the legal culture is aimed at
educating a socially conscious citizen. The author of
the article clarifies the concepts of culture, social
culture and legal culture, identifies the main
approaches to the phenomenon under study through
the main components of the higher education system.
In this regard, the legal culture is viewed from the
standpoint of activity and value approaches. The
systematization of knowledge carried out by the author
allowed to consider the content of legal culture. To
study the level of the legal culture formedness in the
system of higher education, the author singles out the
information legal culture, the culture of the legal way
of life, of social and legal activity, of value legal
orientations. According to the level a future specialist
possesses these types of legal culture, it is possible to
give a comprehensive objective assessment of the
effectiveness of the functioning and development of all
components of the higher education system
Physical Sciences and Engineering
The article focuses on the unique nature of the CBD
and the North Caucasus, and to existing problems. It
was noted that many areas of protected and
recreational areas are eroded and disturbed by human
activities and environmental tourism in the regions is
not developed. We have made a justification for the
establishment of eco-tourism, the key objectives and
tasks. On the example of Kabardino-Balkaria, there
was set scientific and technological rationale of the
organization of the centers of ecological tourism in the
regions. The article shows a comparative analysis
about the developing ecological tourism in Europe as
an active form of recreation. Unlike European
counterparts, in our project we have a strong emphasis
on the popularization and implementation of
environmental technologies for the protection and
improvement of springs, hiking trails and recreation
areas for tourists. You can find descriptions of the
most interesting and amazing natural monuments, and
recreation areas divided in ecological routes and areas
of the CBD. The mountain zones of the CBD are
mainly located in four valleys: in the Baksan, Cherek,
Chehem and Malka, where these amazing natural
monuments and landscapes are. The authors
conducted a field research work for the study of the
unique natural sites in all environmental routes and
areas of the CBD. In conclusion, it is noted that in our
region there is great potential for organization of
ecological tourism and all these beautiful natural
conditions are the basis for this. The development of
ecological tourism will further attract more than 10
thousand tourists who are interested in nature in
Kabardino-Balkaria and environmental issues in the
region