Scientific Journal of KubSAU

Polythematic online scientific journal
of Kuban State Agrarian University
ISSN 1990-4665
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598 kb

INTRODUCTION OF NEW PERSPECTIVE TABLE GRADES OF GRAPES TO IN VITRO CULTURE

abstract 1241610008 issue 124 pp. 168 – 180 30.12.2016 ru 605
In this article we present information on features of microcloning in culture of in vitro of perspective for Eurasia, pink and white-berry table genetic grades of grapes by I. A. Kostrikin, V. N. Kraynov and V. V. Zagorulko. Researches were conducted at an input stage in culture of in vitro of meristems of 0,1-0,2 mm in size. At the majority of grades and forms, we noted good regeneration abilities in the conditions of sterile culture. It is bound to the fact that almost all the studied grades: Anyuta, Bogatyanovsky, the Princess Olga, Preobrazhenie, Anniversary of Novocherkassk, Favor are received from crossing of couple the Mascot × Sultana-ray grape. And only grades called Libya and Lowland which showed lower regeneration properties at stages of proliferation and rooting of shoots are received from crossing the couple of Flamingo × Arkadya and (Talisman x Tomaysky) respectively. At the same time, the grade of Talisman, being one of the parents of the majority of the studied grades, showed stable results at all stages of cultivation
308 kb

THE RESULTS OF FORTY-YEAR-OLD VARIETY-TRIAL OF HYBRIDOUS POPLARS ON THE SANDY SOILS OF EASTERN AZOV SHELLY

abstract 1241610009 issue 124 pp. 181 – 200 30.12.2016 ru 497
The article presents the data of 40-year-old variety-trial cultivation of hybrid black poplar and balsamic sections, as a result of which addressed issues of selection range of appropriate varieties, their cultivation technology, aspects of agrotechnology and protection against pests. At the same time, it absorbed and non-forest land reclamation funds, in particular sandy and shell, lowhumus, floodplain soils. As a result, the five-year variety trials found that under the conditions of the Eastern Azov on humus shell rock underlain by low-mineralized groundwater on accessible depth for roots (up to 150 cm), the most highly productive and are stable clones of Euro-American poplar: Brabantika-175, Sanrau-59, a Moshnyi-236 and 195 , Bahel, ZS-33 Vernirubens, 60001/1, Caroline-162. In terms of growth, they are superior to the local Canadian poplar and other varieties of poplars. Resistance to environmental and biological factors of the environment most highly productive species and varieties of poplars are much higher than the low productivity. Culture of poplar planting might create unrooted plants directly on the silvicultural area, which reduces the cost of rooting plants at the nursery, their digging and transportation and provides a high survival rate. Culture of poplar are used for the afforestation of poor sandy forest-steppe zone arrays, often introduced as the main breed at shelterbelt afforestation
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THE SYSTEM OF PROTECTIVE FOREST PLANTATIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF CENTRAL CHERNOZEM REGION IN RUSSIA

abstract 1241610021 issue 124 pp. 403 – 413 30.12.2016 ru 475
The article presents the indicators of the protective afforestation of the Central black earth region, biometric growth index, agricultural and environmental impact of forest belts, efficiency of agroterritories
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STARTING MATERIAL FOR BREEDING COLD TOLERANT RICE VARIETIES

abstract 1241610039 issue 124 pp. 632 – 649 30.12.2016 ru 447
27 introduced variety samples of rice from 8 countries were studied by the complex of biological, morphological, agronomic traits to select the most valuable genotypes for including them into breeding programs on development of cold tolerant rice varieties. It was found that the studied introduced varietal samples were characterized by variation in duration which varied from 120 to 182 days. Variety samples from Bhutan ATTEY, PARO DUMBJA (White) had shown response to photoperiod and the panicles didn’t appear in conditions of Krasnodar region. During the study there were selected high productive forms Obongbueo and Tinbubueo from S. Korea with grain weight 81.67 g / vessel and 74.43 g / vessel, respectively. According to results of research there were selected five cold tolerant samples Tong Jing 29 (China), Giza 178 (Egypt), Istigbol and Mustagillik (Uzbekistan), ZAKHA (Bhutan), evaluation result of which were on the same level with those of standard check variety Kuban 3, as well as those of samples with increased resistance IR83222- F8-14 and IR83222-F8-156 (Philippines), PARO DUMBJA (White) and THIMPHU DUMBJA (Bhutan). As a result of research there were selected three introduced rice variety samples Tong Jing 29 (China), Tinbubueo (S. Korea) and SR 30084-F8-156 (Philippines) which by duration, morphotype and agronomic traits are considered as candidates for further hybridization and breeding as sources of useful traits and properties
285 kb

DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY-RIPENING WHITE CABBAGE VARIETIES IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA

abstract 1241610065 issue 124 pp. 1010 – 1019 30.12.2016 ru 413
Early-ripening white cabbage has a special place among the vegetables cultivated in Kuban region. It opens the pipeline of vegetables from the open ground and is supplied to other regions at a time when shortage of vegetables of domestic production is felt the most. Modern producer requirements to domestic hybrids are the highest - product quality, uniformity and productivity should not concede to foreign analogues. Ways to improve the quality of early ripening hybrids: development of lines based on modern foreign hybrids, high uniformity of lines by morphological and economic traits. Development of male sterile lines and dihaploid lines in culture in vitro can more successfully solve the problem of quality of early ripening hybrids. The use of the above methods and approaches helped develop series of inbred lines - gene sources for complex agronomic traits. On the vase of obtained lines promising earlyripening hybrids were developed. One of the hybrids, Ritsa F1, entered the State register of breeding achievements. Advantages of the hybrid: earliness, uniformity and high marketability of heads, high productivity. According to results of contest trial new hybrid Milana F1 is passed for State trial, this hybrid has high productivity potential for growing in sale cropping. Both hybrids were produced with the participation of male sterile line Dt46f, resistant to fusarium. High quality seeds of these hybrids were produced in a greenhouse in direct crop for a wide industrial and environmental testing
690 kb

OPTIMIZATION OF THE LENGTH OF TRIMMING AND THE LOAD OF BUSHES WITH BUDS OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF GRAPES IN TAMAN

abstract 1241610074 issue 124 pp. 1162 – 1181 30.12.2016 ru 548
Numerous studies have found a different quality of the buds along the length of the fruit arms, which expressed various degrees establishing embryonic inflorescences in the central buds. It is revealed that many of the grapes have more fruit-bearing eyes formed on average (4-6 knots) and upper (7 to 10 knots) levels of fruit escape, compared to the lower (1-3 nodes) layer. In connection with the different quality of the buds along the length of fruit vines should be used and different ways of cutting them. It is necessary to consider the biological characteristics of varieties, ways of doing and shaping the bushes, the weather conditions of the area during the growing season and relative calm. To receive annually a stable high yield of grapes, we must first set the optimal length of pruning fruit shoots and optimal load on the Bush healthy eyes. This requires for each class on the eve of trimming bushes to carry out the analysis of the wintering holes along the length of the fruit shoots and to identify the embryonic fruitfulness of Central buds, i.e. to carry out the prediction of grape yield next year. The article presents data on the formation of the embryonic fruitfulness of Central buds of wintering buds at the Taman group of grapes – Arcadia, Viorica, Hibernal, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Moldova, Pinot white, Riesling, Saperavi, Traminer pink, Tsimlyansky black, Chardonnay. Found higher rates of embryonic fruitfulness of Central buds buds in the studied grape varieties - Chardonnay, Riesling, Viorica, Hibernal, Merlot, Moldova, where the coefficients of fruiting ranged from 1.40 m from Riesling to 1.69 from Merlot; factor productivity of 1.58 from the Chardonnay to 1.77 from Merlo. The high percentage of fruitful buds from 80,8 from Cabernet Sauvignon to 95.6 in the cultivars Merlot and Chardonnay. A higher percentage of eyes with 2 embryonic buds in the cultivars Merlot and Viorica who have this indicator amounted to, respectively: 75,6 and 70.6%. Forecasting a crop of grapes next year to trim the bushes on the proposed method will provide a full crop of grapes
158 kb

BREEDING EARLY-RIPENING AND MIDDLE-EARLY HYBRIDS OF CORN WITH LOWER HARVEST MOISTURE OF THE GRAIN WHEN RIPE

abstract 1231609007 issue 123 pp. 113 – 126 30.11.2016 ru 662
The created hybrids with new lines and testers were studied in 2014-2015, in the conditions of the central zone of the Krasnodar region and the Central Black Earth Region (Voronezh and Belgorod regions). As a parent forms for selection of early ripening and Medium early corn hybrids there were used lines of various groups of ripeness of the ident heterosis group: Kr 714 Kr 740 Kr 757 Kr 651 Kr and 602. All of these lines had high combining ability, and the line 602 Cr was used as a donor for a quick return of moisture from the grain when ripening. With the participation of the lines from the collection of the Institute and the donor line, we have created four hybrid combinations on the basis of which, the selection was received by the five-year selection of new source material for breeding new hybrids of corn. The assessment of comutiny capacity of new lines was performed using a linetesters of the genetic institute collections of 721MV Cr, Cr 801MV, Kr 654 Kr 244MV, Cr 602MV, Kr and Kr 802MV 752. Lines testers were represented by a heterosis group of Lancaster, Stiff Stalk Synthetic and wide lines with a genetic basis. According to the guidelines of the State strain testing of crops, and as a result of the field experiment, we have calculated the energy savings for new early maturing corn hybrids in comparison with the standard ones. Saving energy for equivalent fuel from new hybrids of corn comparing to the standard for 1 ha of crop was due to their grain productivity and varied depending on the conditions of the Voronezh region from 81.4 to 101.5 kg, in the Krasnodar region it was 79,0-97,9 kg
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STUDY OF SOIL WATER REGIME ON VINEYARDS OF ANAPA - TAMAN SUBZONE

abstract 1231609016 issue 123 pp. 260 – 270 30.11.2016 ru 557
One of the limiting factors to obtain high yields of grape plantations in Anapa-Taman subzones with good quality is moisture. Grape plant adapts well to a limited amount of moisture in the soil. The penetration of roots deep into the soil horizons may reach 5-6 meters, provided with a moderate density of the soil and the lack of limiting factors such as the presence of ground water and limiting the content of toxic soluble salts. In the course of mathematical data processing we have established a trend of increasing average annual rate of precipitation in the period from 1932 to 2015. In the years when the amount of precipitation for the year exceeds the average long-term performance, the key amount of precipitation in the summer months in a downpour and in a limited area. Average annual amount of precipitation in the period from 1932 to 2015 was 519 mm, the minimum was recorded in 2002 (324 mm), the maximum - in 1981 (800 mm). Despite the general trend of increasing average annual rainfall over the years, moisture deficit is in the soil. Accounting of moisture saving dynamics in the soil in the 2015-2016's indicates the absence of moisture reserves. Optimal soil moisture values were observed only in May and June, and only half meter layer of soil. In the phase of growth and ripening berries (July, August, September) soil moisture content was much lower than the permissible value, which is comparable with the level of wilting point. For the stable-quality grape raw materials it is necessary to pay more attention to the water and the air regime of the soil
188 kb

RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE WINTER BARLEY VARIETIES ESTABLISHED IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA

abstract 1231609024 issue 123 pp. 347 – 365 30.11.2016 ru 1083
Barley (hordeum vulgare) is a valuable food and forage crop. It is cultivated in the world on an area of about 60 million hectares. A major region of barley cultivation in the Russian Federation is the Southern Federal District. The variety is one of the main factors determining the demand for crop. To use the varieties effectively we must have a complex of economically valuable traits such as hardiness, resistance to lodging, disease and pest resistance. These traits make it possible to generate the harvest high and stable from year to year. The article is devoted to the analysis of winter barley varieties, created in the south of Russia from ancient times to the present day. The main achievements of the leading Russian breeding facilities and experienced breeders of scientists set out in chronological order. The article describes the methods and principles of selection (from individual selection to mutagenesis and complex selective breeding) used to breeding the new varieties of winter barley. The most attention is given to the outstanding varieties included to the mating program today
339 kb

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES OF PARAMETERS AND REGIMES OF ELECTROTECHNICAL PROCESS OF OZONATING OF EGG STOREHOUSES OF POULTRY FACTORIES

abstract 1231609040 issue 123 pp. 605 – 619 30.11.2016 ru 523
The gaining of maximum amount of daily young animals in a greater extent depends on disinfection of incubation eggs which in complex of veterinarysanitary arrangements held in poultry factories on prevention and elimination of poultry infectious diseases takes an important part. The perspective of ozone application in industrial poultry breeding is conditioned with its advantages which it characterizes in comparison with other chemical substances. It was settled that ozone has a special ability to detain the growth of fungi on biological substrates, also the process of mould appearance on the surface of eggs’ shell even at 90% of relative moisture. At substantiation of parameters and regimes of electro-technological process of egg storehouse ozonation there were implemented the experimental researches. The general bacterial semination of eggs’ shell decreased on 94,1% after disinfection of incubaion eggs with ozone. The relative faults of experimental values from theoretical ones are 7%. In the result of production trials there were set the parameters of quality of the worked out electrotechnological process of egg poultry factory storehouse ozonation: time of regulation ‒ 8 minutes, dynamic fault ‒ 0,9, coefficient of overcorrection ‒ 4,5%, generalized integral mean-square index ‒ 10,6%. Obtained data testify against the qualitative regulation of allocation of concentration of ozone in a egg storehouse
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