Scientific Journal of KubSAU

Polythematic online scientific journal
of Kuban State Agrarian University
ISSN 1990-4665
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397 kb

STATE AND PROSPECTS OF TURKEY BREEDING IN FARMS FOR THE PURPOSE OF ECO-PRODUCTS

abstract 1211607139 issue 121 pp. 2212 – 2245 30.09.2016 ru 487
The article contains generalized information on the activities of peasant farms in cultivation of turkey for meat using outdoor technologies. The production is cost-effective, although the rates of live weight gain and the cost of feeding do not reach the requirements for the cross. There are some reserves to improve the profitability (introduction of floor cell technology, optimization of feeding and participation in government support programs)
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MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BEEF OF YOUNG SPECIAL MEAT AND HOLSTAIN SPECIES GROWN IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA

abstract 1211607141 issue 121 pp. 2288 – 2330 30.09.2016 ru 404
The author has examined peculiarities of meat productivity of animals of the most common breeds: Charolais, Simmental, Aberdeen Angus, Hereford, Kuban type of Red Steppe. As a result of the slaughter carried out for younger group achieved 15 months age, the Charolais breed bulls exceeded peers of Kuban type on slaughter weight to 60.9 kg (20.9 %), Aberdeen Angus – 53.8 kg (18.5 %), Hereford and Simmental respectively – to 35.1 and 24.8 kg (8,5-12,0 %). By the age of 18 months their superiority increased respectively by 56.9; 57.5; 55.8 and 29.9 kg (16.8; 16.9; 16.5 and 8.82%). Halves of bodies of the Kuban breed (considering the specific type of boneless beef output) aged 15 months gave way to all the groups: Charolais and Angus – by 1.1- 1.5%, Simmental and Hereford – by 0.4-0.6%. The yield of premium beef exceeds the standards in all genotypes: Kuban – by 9.5%, beef breeds – by 11.2% (Charolais) and 19% (Simmental). The balance beetween dry matter and moisture is in the optimal range (0.43: 1-0,73: 1). At 15 months of age, in the number of dry matter, Charolais bulls outnumbered Aberdeen-Angus and Red steppe at 5.1-5.2%, Simmental and Hereford - on 3,0-4,9%. With age, in the meat of calves of beef breeds the level of fat increased, for example, in Hereford and Simmental 0.3-0.5%, Aberdeen Angus and Simmental – 0.7-0.8%. In the middle of a sample of ground beef of carcasses of the calves of Charolais breed at the age of 18 months it contained more protein than in the meat of the calves of Red steppe (1.2%, Hereford (1.1%), Angus (1.4%), Simmental (1,3%). All the meat of the carcasses of the calves of specialized beef breeds was of high quality and diet: one part of the protein had 0.59 parts of fat (Aberdeen Angus) and 0.45 parts (Hereford)
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USING THE BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES OF ANIMALS IN RESOURCE-SAVING TECHNOLOGIES IN CATTLE FARM WORK SITES

abstract 1211607142 issue 121 pp. 2331 – 2368 30.09.2016 ru 362
A fundamental element of the technology is the use of beef cattle in the economic purposes of biological resources of animals. In the development of modern technologies there is a lack of focusing on one of the main features of cattle – its own perception of the environment, that is panoramic (binocular) vision. In the modern cattle breeding we focuse on the development of a variety of exterior signs. However, one of the indicators that affect the behavioral responses of animals (the degree of development of the muzzle and the forehead of the animal, the shape of the head) does not have due importance. The author has conducted its degree of development studies in bulls and cows of different breeds. Along the length of the head, meat breeds (Hereford, Aberdeen Angus, Simmental, Charolais) gave way to Red Steppe 14.9; 15.5; 5.5 and 5.0 cm (27,5; 28,6; 10,1 and 9,2%, P
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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SEEDS AND VEGETATIVE PLANTS TREATMENT WITH COMPLEX WATER-SOLUBLE FERTILIZERS ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF CORN

abstract 1201606010 issue 120 pp. 188 – 199 30.06.2016 ru 429
The article reveals issues concerning three years research about the rate of influence complex water soluble fertilizers in seed treatment and treatment vegetative plant in phase 3-5 and 7-8 leaves for grain yield increase. In the process of research were determined summarized water consumption and coefficient of water consumption, measuring of morphological signs, were given economical estimation of using complex water soluble fertilizers in corn grain yield increase. The research shows the efficiency of seed treatment of average corn hybrid Krasnodarskiy 377 AMV by complex water soluble fertilizer Lignohumate potassium at dose 0,5 l/t. Grain yield increase in mentioned variant was 4,4 c/ha in comparison with variant of distilled water treatment. The same grain yield increase was got by using in seed treatment the mixture of Albit, 0,05 l/t with Lignohumate potassium, 0,5 l/t. the treatment of vegetative plants in phase 3-5 leaves when were sowed non treated seed were less efficient than in phase 7-8 leaves, where grain yield increase was 4,5 c/ha. Seed treatment of Lignohumate potassium in combination with vegetative plants treatment in phase 7-8 leaves by using Megamix, Bionekskemi and Lignohumate potassium allowed to get grain yield level 80,3-80,8 c/ha
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INFLUENCE OF STOCKS ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF GRAPES AND WINE OF RKATSITELI VARIETY

abstract 1201606027 issue 120 pp. 412 – 424 30.06.2016 ru 400
The article presents results of the six-year study of the effect of stocks Berlandieri × Riparia Kober 5BB and Chasselas × Berlandieri 41B on yield, quality of grapes and wine Rkatsiteli in the central zone of the Krasnodar region. Effect of stock on the scion strongly depends on the annual weather conditions. In a given year, there is a stock, better adapted to the weather conditions. Stocks of Chasselas × Berlandieri 41B increases winter hardiness variety Rkatsiteli. On average, during six years the stocks have not been resulted in significant difference between the percentages of developed into shoots buds and fertile shoots shown in the coefficients of fruiting and fruitbearing shoots Rkatsiteli. Among all the influencing factors, the degree of influence of stocks is 0.1-0.4%. Some differences in forming of generative organs of wintering buds along the fruiting twig under the influence of stocks do not lead to significant differences in biological terms of fruiting varieties in the whole piece. On average, six years of significant difference in the effect of stocks on the average weight of the bunches, and the yield is not defined - the degree of influence of rootstocks on mentioned indicators is 0,1-2,1%. A significant impact of stocks on the dynamics of sugar accumulation in berries has not been discovered. The degree of influence of stocks on to the final sugar content and acidity of berries is 0.3 and 14.5%, respectively. The wine produced from Rkatsiteli berries on a stock Berlandieri × Riparia Kober 5BB has the better tasting score than on the stock Chasselas × Berlandieri 41B (7.5 and 7.4 points, respectively). The main influence on fruiting of the variety Rkatsiteli was provided by the conditions of the current and previous vegetation. Within the conditions of the central zone of the Krasnodar region the cultivating of the variety Rkatsiteli is reasonable for both studied stocks
146 kb

“KORETRON” MINERAL FEED ADDITIVE IN DIETS FOR YOUNG PIGS ON FATTENING

abstract 1201606035 issue 120 pp. 515 – 526 30.06.2016 ru 572
The present article is concerning with the research of influence of new mineral additive «Koretron» in diets for young pigs on meat performance. The mineral additive «Koretron» adsorbs and removes mycotoxins from the body and is the source of water-soluble silicon, which is necessary for stable functioning of intestine and stomach smooth muscles and for improving of calcium digestibility. It is proved, that the considered feed additive has positive effect for animal growth intensity because it has contributed to increasing of both total and relative weight gain of young pigs on fattening. It is determined, that the mineral additive «Koretron» has positive influence on meat productivity of animals from the test group: killing-out percent, hot carcass weight, rib-eye area as well as weight and meat yield, fleshing index have been increased. The considered mineral additive has contributed to improving of chemical composition of meat: the content of dry matter both in the average meat sample and in the longissimus dorsi, content of nutrients synthesized in carcass meat, energy value of carcass meat, biological value of meat have been increased. The data received during our test give evidence of high bioavailability of water soluble silicon in tested additive, which has activated metabolic processes in the bodies of young pigs on fattening and, as a consequence, the gain of their live weight has been increased and morphological structure of carcasses and meat quality have been improved
261 kb

RESERVES OF GROWTH OF THE VOLUMES OF PRODUCTION OF LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION

abstract 1201606042 issue 120 pp. 606 – 616 30.06.2016 ru 500
We review the critical ratio of shares of domestic and imported sunflower hybrids in the region and the trend of displacement of domestic hybrids in the Kuban region, yields and gross harvests culture. The article reveals a negative trend for the full displacement of domestic hybrid seeds from the market in the Russian Federation
204 kb

STUDYING THE REPRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF PLANTS OF BEZOSTAYA 1 WHEAT HAVING ADDITIONAL SPIKELETS ON THE LEDGE OF THE RACHIS

abstract 1201606046 issue 120 pp. 664 – 674 30.06.2016 ru 474
The article discusses the effect of additional spikelets in the variety of Bezostaya 1 on the realization of productivity of the examined plants. We traced the frequency of occurrence of multirov spikes and studied the effect of this phenomenon on the productivity and the main quantitative characteristics of the studied plants. The article demonstrates the structure distinction of productivity for abnormal and normal ears. Experience was one-way vegetation, planted in triplicate, time of experiment - 2013 - 2015 years. The study revealed that the most frequent was the emergence of 1-4 additional spikelets per spike. Some quantitative characters had a slight deviation, these include the number of spiked ledges on the kernek, spike length and plant height. To a large extent we increased the characteristic values such as the number of grains per ear, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains onto the ledge, head weight and the weight of grains spike. We significantly reduced weight of 1000 grains. It was revealed that more localized spikes were mostly in the middle, the most productive part of the ear. As a result, changes have affected not only the quantitative characteristics related to the productivity of the ear, but also its architectonic whole
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THE EFFECT OF WEATHER CONDITIONS ON GRAIN SORGHUM PRODUCTIVITY IN THE SOUTHERN ZONE OF THE ROSTOV REGION

abstract 1201606050 issue 120 pp. 744 – 754 30.06.2016 ru 601
The study was carried out during 2010-2015 years in the All-Russian research Institute of Grain Crops named after I.G. Kalinenko (the laboratory of the cultivation technology of plowing crops), situated in the southern soil-climatic zone of the Rostov region, which is characterized with the unstable and insufficient humidity. The trials were conducted on the heavy loamy, calcareous chernozem obyknovenny (natural blacksoil). The object of the study was the grain sorghum variety ‘Zernogradskoe 53’, approved to use in the Rostov region. The agroclimatic conditions during the years significantly differed during the vegetation in the amount of precipitations (from 110.2 mm in 2010 to 200.2 mm in 2013) and in the temperature regime (from 2512.9 0С in 2010 to 2788.8 ºС in 2015), that allowed evaluating the grain sorghum productivity more objectively. The article gives the study results of the effect of the weather conditions on the duration of vegetation, productivity and grain quality (content of protein, oil, ash and fiber). The article showed the estimated interconnection among the sum of active temperatures, precipitations and hydrothermal coefficient during the sorghum vegetation with the principal economic-valuable traits of grain sorghum. The sum of active temperatures showed the greatest effect on the duration of the vegetation (r=0.89); the sum of precipitations during the vegetation had the greatest effect on the productivity (r=0.80). There was determined the strongest positive correlation of the sum of active temperatures with the content of protein in the grain sorghum kernels (r=0.80) and the average negative correlation with the content of oil (r=-0.69). The sums of active temperatures and precipitations, when the grain sorghum gives the largest productivity, were established
145 kb

CONCENTRATION OF NUTRIENTS AND MACRONUTRIENTS IN MUSCLE AND LIVER OF YOUNG GEESE FED COMPLETE FEED WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF CRUDE FAT

abstract 1201606062 issue 120 pp. 914 – 923 30.06.2016 ru 563
The aim of the research was to study the impact of starter complete feed (CF) with different levels of crude fat on the chemical composition of muscle tissue and liver of young geese. During days 5-28 the poultry was fed CF with 5.1-8.1 % crude fat, from 29- to 60- day age – with 5.4 %. By increasing the level of crude fat in starter CF there was a trend to an increase of the phosphorus content in muscle samples of geese hip and thigh - by 4.4-9.6 %, in the liver - by 27.2-53.5 % (P≤0,05). The chest muscles of the young geese fed high-calorie CF had 2.8-6.0 % higher fat content, than that of counterparts in the first group. At the same time, there was a tendency to a decrease in the concentration of fat in the muscles of the hip and thigh - by 1.9-5.0 % (P˃0,05). Increased level of crude fat in CF did not have a negative impact on the accumulation of heavy metals in the muscle and liver of geese, the concentration of the studied elements was within the permissible level established for food products
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