In the conditions of grey forest soils in the Bryansk
region among the fodder crops widespread mixed legume-cereal
crops. The results showed that the photosynthetic
activity of cereals and leguminous crops and
their yields in mixed crops depended on made of biological
and mineral nitrogen fertilizers. It is established
that the nitrogen in the form of ammonium nitrate has
a positive impact on the formation of assimilating leaf
surface, photosynthetic potential and net productivity
and yield of grain mixture in lupine-barley and soybean
-barley cropping and pea-barley crops the use of
nitrogen in the form of potassium nitrate was more
favorable. It was found that in lupine-barley crops the
active symbiotic potential has increased by 25,5% and
the yield increased by 21,3% , in soybean-barley crops
28,5% and 19,2% respectively, due to the joint use of a
mixture of symbiotic and associative rhizobacteria and
mineral nitrogen in the form of ammonium nitrate in
the dose of N60. In pea-barley agrocenosis it has improved
the efficiency of cultivation of joint application
of mixed inoculant symbiotic and associative rhizobacteria
on the background of the application of mineral
nitrogen in the form of potassium nitrate in the dose of
N60, where there was an increase of the active symbiotic
potential by 34,7% and grain yield by 24,7% compared
to the option when adding the mixture of biological
products
The article examines the creation of the expert system
in the development of epiphytotics in winter bread
wheat sowing. Increasing the accuracy of the forecast
epiphytotics should be based on the improvement
forecasting of move daily temperature (minimum,
maximum and average). In this case, the calculation
algorithm must not be cumbersome. In the algorithm,
there are indicators of cyclical annual variations of
temperature, i.e. the change in average daily
temperatures for the year. For the treatment method of
local forecast of daily average temperatures during the
year used data of meteorological station for 9 years.
Having considered the main issues to epidemics of
brown rust and its influence on the production of
wheat cenoses, you can proceed to the modeling expert
logic. The analysis includes the following indicators:
cultivated variety; agricultural machinery (predecessor,
fertilizer, pre-processing, and others.); general
condition of sowing; phase of plant development at the
time of the field survey; date of onset of the disease (if
selected); prevalence of sowing at the time of
observation. Installed that the purposeful creation of
varieties of winter wheat resistant to the pathogen, it is
necessary to carry out environmental testing stability
as a latent breeding and recommended sources and
sustainability of donors, which will allow to plan
economic occupancy resistant genotypes of winter
wheat
The article considers approaches to conducting longterm
observations, i.e. monitoring of the
immunological characteristics of varieties of winter
wheat. In our work, we use the following grading
system for the immunological characteristics of winter
wheat varieties for resistance to leaf rust in various
stages of ontogeny: evaluation of sustainability in the
seedlings in a phytotron, greenhouse complex;
evaluation sustainability in a field of artificial
infectious background; immunological evaluation
based on phytosanitary monitoring in different
ecological zones. In the initial stages, all the material is
pre-tested in the field of infectious hatchery. We have
performed an evaluation on the intensity of lesion and
the type of plant response to the introduction of the
pathogen. This approach allows getting rid of
susceptible genotypes for a year. To describe the
spread of rust, i.e., increase in population numbers we
have used two types of curves: J-shaped and S-shaped.
The article considers several winter wheat cultivars
differing in susceptibility to leaf rust. It is established,
that the increase in the population of brown rust occurs
in conditions with limited food resources and it is
described by the Ferxulsta function. Monitoring
studies allow developing models taking into account
the promotion of the parasite and its pressure on wheat
cenosis as well as allow building an expert system that
optimizes the protection of plants against leaf rust and
used to study the behavior of genotypes with different
immunological parameters when creating a model
class
Currently, we are constantly improving the recipes of
fish feeds, this reduces the cost of feed per gain, and it
overall decreases cost of fish. We search for
alternative cheaper sources of nutrients. Leftovers of
vegetable oil and oil extraction industry such as oil
cakes and meals have been used as high-protein feed
additives for a long time. This requires a strict
scientific control, precluding the possibility of their
harmful effects on animal health. In this regard, there
was a comparative analysis of the chemical and
amino acid composition traditionally used in
compound feeds for sturgeons of sunflower cake and
feed concentrate from "Sarepta" vegetable raw
materials. During the research it was found that
"Sarepta" is better than sunflower meal considering
protein and essential amino acids content
Modern commodity sturgeon breeding is one of the
profitable and dynamically developing directions of
fish farming in the Russian Federation. Only the
system of Rosrybhoz has more than 40 enterprises of
different ownership forms for the cultivation of
sturgeons. In 2012, in agricultural farming of the
Russian Federation we had grown more than 2.0
thousand tons of sturgeon. Crucial role to maintain
normal functioning of the body of the fish when
grown in closed recirculation systems plays complete
and balanced nutrition. Proper organization of
biologically full feeding of fish helps to maximize
expression of their genetic potential. The article
presents the results of the researches of the efficiency
of using feed concentrate from vegetable raw
materials called "Sarepta" in the composition of feed
additives for 2-year old Russian sturgeons
The article considers tendencies of development of the
agroindustrial complex based on intellectualization of
technical means, development and implementation of
robotic machines in different manufacturing operations.
We have analyzed design features and practical
application of robots with vision systems in crop
production. We have identified the feasibility and
effectiveness of the introduction of new physical
methods of processing plants by means of robotic tools
that will automate technological processes of
processing plants. The article describes the analysis of
the mobility of the model of robots developed in the
WIM based on mathematical simulation at different
operating conditions. To check the model, we present
calculations of the dynamic behavior of the robot body
at different driving modes. The study shows the graphs
of movement parameters obtained from the results of
simulation and dynamics of dispersal. The analysis
identified the advantages of technological application of the robot on the example of gardening
This article presents the results of the use of feed
concentrate from vegetable raw materials called
"Sarepta" in the amount of 5, 7.5% and 10% by
weight of the feed, instead of sunflower meal in the
feeding of Russian sturgeons. Studies have been
conducted among 3 year old Russian sturgeons in the
conditions of PRIBOY company in the Bykovsky
district of the Volgograd region. The experiment
lasted 24 weeks. Replacing sunflower meal with a
product of processing of oilseeds - feed concentrate
Sarepta, made from vegetable raw materials, in the
composition of feed for sturgeons had a positive
effect on live weight, absolute, average daily and
relative gains and costs of feed. The use of "Sarepta"
feed concentrate, made from vegetable raw materials
in the feeding of Russian sturgeon contributes to the
increase of live weight of 3.1-6.0 per cent, an absolute
increase of live weight by 5.07-9.82 percent, and
average daily and relative body weight increase. It
was also found, that we had a decrease in feed
consumption during the period of experience in the
experimental groups. Morphological and biochemical
parameters in experimental fish in all groups were
within the physiological norm, which indicates a
normally occurring redox processes in the body
In the current economic conditions of the import
substitution, special importance is given to the
search for new feed sources, methods of preparing
them for feeding, the use of biologically active
substances and enzymes. At the forefront of feed
production is rape as breeding work with this
culture has showed positive results. Currently,
selectionists have bred yellow double-zero "00"
varieties of rapeseeds free of erucic acid of
"Canole" type, that have low glucosinolate level.
The development of new and modern technology
standards are required for preparation them for
feeding, since they are fundamentally different
from the previously used rapeseed varieties and
have fewer restrictions for feeding to different
types of farm animals and poultry. The article
presents a fairly lengthy and reasoned review of the
literature of a large number of authors on the topic,
as well as given rapeseed market analysis, rational
and advanced methods of preparing rapeseed
processed products for feeding to young and adult
animals. Much attention is paid to the use of a
variety of biologically active substances and
enzymes, which improve digestion and absorption
of nutrients from rations with rapeseed
processingproducts, increase productivity and
reduce feed costs per unit of production. The use of
processing products of rapeseed improves the
profitability of livestock production. Feeding of
rapeseedcake to cattle increases the protein content
and volatile fatty acids in the rumen content,
increases the number of infusoria and decreases
ammonia levels. The inclusion of rape forage in
diets of farm animals and poultry improves
hematological parameters. Products of rapeseed
processing of the varieties with low
glucosinolatesa1re recommended for the rations of
farm animals and poultry depending on the species,
age and physiological state
The article presents the results of the qualitative
assessment of meat of crossbred rams. The analysis of
the data shows that crossbred rams of 2, 3 and 4
groups increased the absolute mass of muscle tissue
compared with purebred 12.3; of 18.2 and 25.6%,
respectively. Fine-wooled rams were superior in the
relative content of bone in carcasses of crossbred 1.1-
4.2 percent. Output of pulp for 1 kg of bones had the
advantage of crossbred rams 2, 3 and 4 groups
compared with purebred 0.12; 0.24 percent and 0.44
kg respectively. The analysis of the data shows that in
carcasses of young animals of all the groups the
greatest specific weight took cuts of the 1st sort.
Nevertheless, the valuable parts to carcass weight
balance was higher in the carcasses of the crossbred
calves. So, rams 2, 3 and 4 groups, this advantage was
1.9; 4.5 and 4.7%, respectively. Thus, the analysis of a
complex of indicators characterizing the quality of
meat rams of different genotypes revealed that the
superiority for the studied indices took place for two -
and three-bred animals. These options of both simple
and complex industrial crossing are promising and can
be implemented and used in the farms of Merino and
crossbred sheep
The article presents the results of the study of
harmfulness of pink sonchus in sunflowers plantations