For further increasing pork production and to increase
its quality it is necessary to provide complete and
balanced feeding of young pigs for fattening. The
special place takes the issue of satisfying their
physiological needs in macro and micronutrients. The
most cost-effective step in these circumstances is using
bentonite clays as natural mineral supplements. The
aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition
of bentonite of Zamankulskaya field on the energy
growth, digestibility and the digestibility of nutrients
of the diet of young pigs. According to the results of
the survey, the best productive effect was when
ensuring free access to the bentonite, so that the young
pigs of the 3rd experimental group vs control group had
significant superiority according to gross and average
daily live weight gain and feed products. According to
the results of scientific and economic experience, it
was found that with free access to the bentonite best
economic and useful indicators were observed in the
animals of the 3rd experimental group against the
control analogs, as they had significant superiority in
terms of absolute live weight gain and feed
consumption per unit of production. During the
physiological exchange of experience the most
beneficial effect on the hydrolysis of complex organic
compounds had bentonite feeding with free access of
pigs. The result was a significant superiority of the
experimental animals over the control ones in
coefficients of digestibility of dry matter, organic
matter, crude protein, crude fat and NFE. To improve
the digestibility and absorption of nutrients in the diet
of young pigs it is advisable to feed them with
bentonite clay as natural mineral supplements with free
access
In our country, great influence is given to the
production and consumption of agricultural animals'
meat with high consumer qualities. In this regard, the
livestock producers, particularly pigs, are to increase
production and improve product quality. Works on
using some natural mineral complexes - bentonite and
zeolites as a source of macro - and trace elements are
performed. The aim of the research is to study the
effects of bentonite feeding with free access on the
meat productivity and hygienic meat quality of young
pigs for fattening. Best effect on the slaughter indexes
of fattening gilts had bentonite feeding with free
access that resulted in significant superiority of the
animals in the experimental group over the control
counterparts on pre-slaughter live weight, slaughter
weight, chilled carcass weight, slaughter yield, carcass
length, the "muscle" eye area and the backgammon
weight. More favorable effect in the longest muscle on
the dry matter and protein synthesis was provided by
bentonite feeding with free access. Due to this, the
gilts of the experimental group were in significant
advance of their control counterparts in concentration
of dry matter and protein in meat. Along with this, the
longest muscle of young pigs on fattening in the
experimental group had the highest protein value, as
according to the protein-qualitative indicator the
animals of this group were in significant advance of
the control counterparts. Feeding bentonite clay with
free access had a strong detoxifying effect that is
against control counterparts of gilts in the experimental
group showed the significant reduce of lead, zinc and
cadmium concentrations in the meat
The work on the study of the biological assessment of environmentally safe herbal feed additives for quail has found in the supplement that contains the seeds of soybean varieties Valens, the bird had higher growth rates than in the supplement of soybean varieties Vila. Using as a protein-based supplement
autoclaved soybean Valens varieties increases the profitability of meat quails from 22.52 to 28.76%, and the economic effect when used - to 32.5 rubles per 1000 quails compared with the addition made from soybean of Vilan varieties
In the article, we present results of the research of the
influence of various processings of soil on accumulation
of productive moisture in autumn and winter periods
The effect of seeds shapes and sizes to field survival, plant stand, harvesting amount and structure of calendula crude drug were under investigation. Biological feature of calendula is heterogeneous seeds formation, when the same inflorescence forms seeds of various shapes and sizes. The following seeds fractions according to their shapes and sizes were used for sowing: uncinate shaped, crescent shaped as well as unseparated, including, except uncinate and crescent seeds, ring-form and scaphoid shaped seeds. It was discovered that maximum indices of laboratory, field survival of calendula seeds and plant stand were in conjunction with uncinate shaped seeds. Maximum crude drug harvest was in conjunction with the sowing seeds of uncinate shape, varied from years from 2.11 to 2.40 t/h; minimum- at unseparated seeds sowing, varied from years from 1.83 to 2.05 t/h. Crude drug extreme efficiency was determined in 1-3 gatherings by inflorescence weight gain and its quantity increase on the same plant. According to the size of elements of crude drug harvesting structure (inflorescence quantity and mass of the same plant, the same inflorescence mass) the variant of uncinate shaped seeds sowing had advantages
The main detected problems in selection system and
seed industry consist of depreciation of laboratory
equipment and specialized technique; the lack of funds
and low incentives for creators of sorts; decreasing of
volumes of elite and original seeds production in the
Krasnodar region; common use of low reproduction
seeds in production of grain. The existing stairs of seed
multiplication system are examined, as well as their
organizational and legal status. Directions of improvement
of system of state support in this field are
defined on the basis of presenting subsidies and preferences
on purchasing of import of highly specialized
equipment, provided that there are no domestic equivalent;
correction of requirements in order of receipt of
support for development of elite and original seed industry.
The necessity of creation of united seed selection
center of seed industry in the Krasnodar region on
the basis of a specialized research Institute (KNISH of
Lukyanenko). Though, as the result of providing by
center of consistent recommendations on peculiarities
of cultivation of sorts and their adaptive placement,
maintenance of contractual relations based on principals
of franchising, evaluation of sort and sowing index
of quality of seed lots and hybrids, will allow to
speed up the development of domestic seed industry,
increase the quality of corn farming in region
The article presents the results of the study of the
effect of the size of the explant clonal rootstocks for
stone fruit crops of the Krymskaya OSS VIR VSL-1,
VSL-2, LC-52, RVL-1, RVL-7, VVA-1, AP-1 injected
in vitro and concentration vitamins and
phytohormones in a nutrient medium on the efficiency
of introducing in vitro of these rootstocks. The optimal
size of the injected in vitro explant was determined and
nutrient medium in the first stage of micropropagation
was optimized. The optimal size of the dissected
meristem, which provides the maximum percentage of
explant initiation is 0.4 mm. The modified version of
the nutrient medium based on the Murashige and Skug
prescriptions with a reduced content of vitamins B1 0.1
mg / l, B6 0.4 mg / l, PP- 0.4 mg / l, and phytohormone
6-BAP - 0.3 mg / l. at the first stage of cultivation of
explants of clonal rootstocks for stone fruit crops is
optimal. The survival rate of explants in all tested
samples of clonal rootstocks on this modified nutrient
medium was in the range of 92.5-97.5%
The article presents results of studying the total content and the forms of Nickel in the Western Caucasus leached Chernozem at three rotations of 11-fild grain-grass-arable crop rotation. The Nickel content in the soil is close to its Clark (40 mg/kg) and significantly lower than UEC (80 mg/kg). Scientifically based system for fertilizing crop rotation does not lead to the accumulation of Nickel in the soil, but creates the conditions for increasing its mobility. In the future, we may experience the need of the inclusion of Nickel into the system of fertilization of crops grown on leached Chernozem. The Nickel content in the leached Chernozem before development of crop rotation was generally close to Clark soils of the world (40 mg/kg) and significantly lower than UEC (80 mg/kg), which favors the production of high quality produce. After three rotations of the crop rotation without using fertilizers, the total content of Nickel and acid-insoluble form in the soil decreased slightly, but the number of the element extracted with both buffer and acid extractor, increased insignificantly. The decrease of the total content of Nickel and its reserve (acid-insoluble) fund in the soil we explain with the annual exclusion of the element with harvests crops from the fields, and the trend of increasing mobile and acid-soluble - mineralization of humus followed by acidification of the soil. Systematic mineral fertilization on field crop rotation was slightly up for the Nickel fund of the soil, but did not ensure the recovery of the initial level. At the same time, at fertilize crop rotation we observed a clear trend of increasing the number of rolling and acid-soluble Nickel. If we consider that the value of the MPC for moving Nickel is equal to 6 mg/kg, these changes may not have any negative environmental impacts, but rather will encourage the use of this ultra-microelement by plants
The article analyzes the state of the domestic beekeeping.
It is proposed, as a paradigm of the industrial
beekeeping, to use honey and pollination systems.
Over the past 25 years, because the hard economic
reforms in the public sector, there was almost double
reduction of honey collection. Russian beekeeping is in
the hard situation because of the low yields and the use
of outdated technologies. Russia's share in the global
honey market does not exceed 1 %. A more viable
was apiaries of private households. Beekeepers receive
a basic income from the sale of honey. Meanwhile, in
developed countries more than 60% of the income of
integrated use of honeybees account for pollination
activities. In modern conditions of the Russian vector
of development of beekeeping should be its production
and technological re-equipment, improving its bioecological
principles and socio - economic transformation
of the infrastructure sector. Using mobile honey-
pollination systems, which provide bees with feed
conveyor due to the frequent movement of the apiary,
honey plant and beekeepers can reduce the cost of
manual labor for loading and unloading hives. In the
Kuban Agrarian University we designed the pavilion
design (RF patent number 2,284,103 ), awarded with a
silver medal of Concours Lepine (France, Paris ). Using
a mobile pavilion allows to conduct all production
functions: honey and pollination production and reproduction,
ensuring the competitiveness of the industry
The researches were about availability of the appliance
of some physiology active matters –
aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) and melafen for
optimization of yield formation for orange and apple
trees. Field researches were conducted in 2011-2012 in
commercial orchards in the region of Gingin in the
Western Australia (climate of the region –
Mediterranean, the soil – sandy) and in 2015-2016 in
apple orchards of the botanical garden of Kuban State
Agrarian University (climate of the region - moderately
continental), started in 2006. The article shows
expediency of using inhibitor biosynthesis of ethylene of
AVG at a concentration from 20 to 60 mg /l when the
orange fruit size was 3.0 cm, and the growth regulator
"Melaphen" (concentration 1˟10- 9 Ðœ) in the second half
of the vegetation period of apple plants (for 45-50 days
before harvest). The use of treatments in these terms
reduces pre-harvest fruit drop and thus increase the
economic productivity of fruit trees (apple in - up to
11%). It is noted that a variety of orange called
Washington Navel is more responsive to the increased
concentration of AVG, than the variety of Lane Late
(optimal concentration of 60 and 20 mg / l,
respectively). We have shown a wide spectrum of action
of the treatment "Melaphen" on apple plants. Along with
the retention of the fruit on the tree, it enhances the
activity of plant growths in summer and some
weakening concerning tabs flower buds as well as the
displacement of their development. However, the use of
melaphen in this period increases the efficiency of the
formation of various parts of flowers and fertilization in
the next season. With such results of the adjustment
processes of vegetative growth and generative
development of plants under the influence of
physiologically active substances, it will ensure the
formation of relatively high and regular yields of fruits