During the last century, in the biosphere occur expressed processes of soil degradation due to anthropogenic influence, which seriously change of top layer of soil. The agricultural landscape is allocated of noticeable accumulation of various wastes at expense of growing of food crops and grazing of farm animals, as well as due to mineral wastes generated in process production of building materials and fertilizers from natural raw. According to physical and chemical characteristics of wastes of plant origin and natural-raw wastes constitute a non-toxic highly dispersed connection with an admixture of different undecomposed organic and mineral substances. Specificity of physical state is determined there of high dispersion, which is represented by system particles of colloidal substances distributed in various environments. Colloids of natural-raw wastes are characterized by a low rate of diffusion; do not penetrate finely porous membrane of cell structures, different very nonequilibrium insolubility and specific chemical composition. For example, phosphogypsum is characterized by high concentration of sulfur and calcium, and trace amounts of entire table of D.I. Mendeleev. Organic wastes are made by variety of chemical compounds and high concentration of carbohydrates, proteins, fats and other organic substances
Materials of studying the influence of crossing on the quality of meat are presented in the article
The article discusses the influence of conventional technology and the technology of direct seeding at different doses of mineral fertilizers on the growth, development, productivity and economic efficiency of winter wheat cultivation on the leached black soil of the Central Caucasus. It is established that the cultivation of winter wheat without tillage its vegetative mass, leaf area and the efficiency of the assimilation apparatus is significantly less than for sowing the traditional tillage technology recommended by scientific institutions in the region. It is caused by excessive seal of leached black soil, which was used in the study. Such a density of addition of black soils adversely affects the growth, development and yield of crops. As a result, the yield of winter wheat on the technology of direct seeding without fertilizers was 2.46 t / ha, which was significantly lower than for conventional technology, which received 3.21 t / ha. Adding fertilizers increased crop yield for both technologies, but it was significantly higher on the traditional technology. Despite the decline in production costs for the cultivation of winter wheat without tillage, higher profits and profitability were obtained using traditional technology
The results of studies on the influence of different backgrounds and agrochemical pre-sowing treatment with bishofit on the growth and development of sain-foin sand, winter hardiness and productivity of crops under irrigation on light chestnut soils of the Volga-Don interfluve are submitted
The results of researches of influence of different irrigation modes on productivity of cultures and efficiency of use of irrigating water at cultivation of potatoes, cabbages, onions, tomatoes and cucumbers in the conditions of an irrigation are resulted in the article
Results of two- year research on studying of soil cultivation methods influence on its compactness, structural and aggregate content and crop capacity
of winter wheat in the conditions of erosion-dangerous slopes were presented in the article.
Volume mass of soil increases under chisel processing and amount of agronomically valuable aggregates raises as well. Tendency of agronomically valuable aggregates increase in the layer 0-30 cm under use
of fertilizers was marked.
In the article, we present results of the research of the
influence of various processings of soil on accumulation
of productive moisture in autumn and winter periods
The article contains research results on the influence
of duration of the first lactation period of sows on
reproductive qualities. The authors have detected
basic problems which reduce indices reproduction of
purebred pigs of the breed of Yorkshire and hybrids
of F1 (Yorkshire x Landras) under conditions of a
new complex. It was found that because of the
increase in duration of lactation period of the sows it
is impossible to increase the safety of the piglets
with a reduced live mass (from big nests and slow in
growth) and improve the reproductive quality of
sows. This method has been used in the economy
what led to a notable improvement in the indices of
pig breeding
In the article there were analyzed the different approaches of Soviet and Russian authors to the assessment of soils regarding to agro-ecological factors. There was given the characteristic of natural-economic zones territorially entering the Azov-Kuban lowland by main soil-climatic indexes. There was considered the valuation of soils which determines their relative value and suitability on main factors of natural fertility or their groups, it serves as a criteria of unification of soils into agro-ecological groups. There were shown the main indexes and order of grouping of soils under unification of different soils into agro-ecological groups. There was calculated the “normative” productivity of main agricultural crops on natural-economic zones of Azov-Kuban lowland which defines the agro-productive value of soil. There were revealed the disadvantages of soil assessment method used in the course of state cadastre valuation of agricultural lands asserted by the order of the Ministry of Economic Development from 20.09.2010 № 445. There were cited the specific rates of cadastre cost (SRCC) of agricultural lands on municipal entities of Krasnodar region. There was given the assessment of obtained data regarding to natural-climatic factors of the region, there were made proposals on optimization of trends of further researches on claimed problem
In the article, the data of researches of studying of elements of technology of cultivation of winter wheat, taking into account its high-quality features, types of fertilizers and application, joint crops with winter vick provided in the Rostov region, and also the economic assessment is given