This article presents the results of the chick peas use instead of sunflower cake, in feeding young and adult livestock hens-layers of the cross "Hajseks brown". The researches were carried out in the JSC "Agrofirm Vostok" of the Nikolayevskiy district in the Volgograd region. The sunflower cake replacement with legumes - chickpeas as the part of the experimental animal fodder for young and adult livestock hens-layers had a positive influence on productivity, physiological state of the birds, product quality and economic performance. Chick peas’ use in young hens feeding improves live weight at 1.03-4.68%, egg production in 0.99-4.7%, the average weight in 0.99-3.75% and eggs quality indicators. Morphological and biochemical indices in experimental young hens and laying hens in all the groups were within the physiological range, indicating normally occurring redox processes in the body of a bird. However, the chick peas’ application in fodder for experimental young hens and laying hens contributed to the increase of total protein, calcium, phosphorus content in serum compared with counterparts in the control group that received sunflower cake. As the researches result, the economic effect in the experimental groups was 833.01-3821.87 rubles
The article presents the results for the study of productivity and quality of vegetable crops in irrigated chains of crop rotation by using intermediate and green manure crops. The greatest number of units of grain produced in the first variant of the experiment, where in a part of crop rotation cultivated sweet corn, mustard as a green manure for potato and onion planting summer planting seeds in the ground and reached 37.4 tons of grain units. The infection of potato tubers with complex disease was lowest at the control variant and compose 11 %. The highest infection with diseases of potatoes fixed at the intermediate and without the use of Side-General culture and was 18 %, which is 63.6 % more than the control options. When we are using intermediate crops diseases of onion increased by 7,7–15,4 % in case of green manure using. When you include treatment of the soil under the previous culture it was the largest infest with diseases and was 16–17 %, which is by 23.1 and 30.8 % higher than in the control variant. Based on these results, we can conclude that the use of green manure crops and intermediates more favorable effect both on the productivity of the subsequent crops or the quality and marketability
The right balance of essential amino acids and protein is the main condition for the optimization of weight gain, feed conversion and high profits. In VGC "Megamix" the quality of different types of raw full-fat soy, wheat, corn, meat and bone meal and fish was assessed on the content of amino acids on the IR analyzer of FOSSNIR Systems company. Amino acid content in the feed does not always match the average standards of reference. So in the reference data content of methionine, threonine and phenylalanine in wheat, indicated 0.23%, 0.43% and 0.64% respectively, and studied in the laboratory of VGC "Megamix", respectively, 0.24%, 0.45% and 0 73%, that is 0.01%, 0.02% and 0.09% higher of tabular values. The lysine content of the wheat to be investigated in a laboratory and provided in the averaged data was on the same level. Thus, the calculation of the recipes should be carried out taking into account not tabulated values but the actual, which will reduce the so-called "safety stock" to get food of consistent quality and reduce the cost of the cost of animal feed, which in turn affects the economic efficiency of livestock production
The article contains information about landscape architecture analysis of the cities, its methodology and an example of using of this approach on the part of the Red Line touristic rote in Yekaterinburg. Analysis process included counting of ratio of built-up areas, landscaping and roads, and examination of the street transvers profile with further filling of local landscape passports. As the object of study, the part of route between the opera and ballet theatre and the monument of V. Vysotsky and M. Vlady. Here is noticeable contrast between environmental characteristics of stopping point areas. The site around the theatre has enough quantity of landscaping, good compositional solution, well developed path network. The intermediate part of the route passing by Krasnoarmeyskaya st. has asymmetric shape of the transvers profile. The street landscaped on East side but public services on the opposite side not improved – homogeneous facade creates adverse visual field here. A sidewalk on the East part of the street duplicated with a path in a garden. Analyzed zone around the second point has no single composition, high traffic influence level. Landscaping almost not presented here, varied advertising constructions widely installed. For improve environment, developed a list of recommendations. It contain using of container plants to separate pedestrian area; reconstruction of the East part of Krasnoarmeyskaya st. with replace sidewalk for green hedge; repair or replacement of sidewalk asphalt pavement on the West side of the street; reconstruction of area near the Antey business-center with creating greened dividing line
The key task of the agriculture in Russia is the further
improvement of grain production. Thus, prevention of
losses of winter wheat yields because of the diseases
remains relevant. The significance of varieties tolerant
to diseases, especially to smut (fungus) is of primary
importance. Therefore, it’s essential to create initial
material for breeding of the varieties tolerant to smut.
According to the results of the trials with artificial
infection with pathogens, among the samples of
winter wheat there have been identified varieties
belonging to different groups of tolerance to smut.
They are a highly sensitive cultivar ‘к-69361’
(Korea), a sensitive variety ‘Izyuminka’ (Russia),
moderately sensitive variety ‘Asket’ (Russia) and
almost tolerant variety ‘1621/03’ (Russia). We studied
the reaction of the hybrids F2 on infection with smut
in different variants of hybridization to obtain stable
progeny. The correlation between the number of
infected plants in parent and hybrid (F2) populations
have been considered. The productive tillering of the
plants has been determined in all variants of the trials;
it was the least one on the plants with 100% of
infected leaves. The hybrids F3 and F 4 have been
distributed according to the degree of their tolerance
to smut. For further work we have selected the lines
with practical resistance to smut (fungus)
Over the past 15 years due to removal with crops of
rice crop rotation, as well as with field waste and
seepage water content of mobile forms of boron in
soils of rice irrigation systems in the Krasnodar region
decreased by 10 %, cobalt by 14 %, manganese
by 10 %, copper by 7 %, molybdenum by 15 % zinc
by 6 %. Impoverishment of soil with calcium and
sulfur is observable. Need of using micronutrients for
this crop is also determined by lowering mobility of
most microelements in flooded soils. Partly this problem
can be solved by use of neutralized phosphogypsum
– waste product of wet-process phosphoric acid.
With its application in dose of 1 t/ha, field receives
265 kg of Ca, 215 kg of S (general) 20 kg of P2O5
and 9.8 kg of SiO2, so it compensates for the loss of
calcium from the rice soil, as well as solves the problem
of sulfur, silicon and partly phosphorus fertilizers.
Data showing possibility of use of neutralized
phosphogypsum as multicomponent fertilizer for rice
crops are given. Phosphogypsum reduces sparseness
of rice plants in ontogeny, thus forming a dense agrocenosis:
plant density is 24-25 pcs./m2 that is higher
than on application of N120P80K60. Plants with such
agricultural background by their height and leaf area
did not differ from control ones (N120P80K60), and
their dry weight was higher by 2-6 %. With fertilizer
system N120P80K60 application of 4 t/ha of phosphogypsum
during main fertilizer treatment provides
the same level of phosphorus content in the soil and
plants, as application of 100 kg/ha of ammophos.
Rice yield increases by 0,57 t/ha or 8,98 %. Yield
growth is the result of increasing survival capacity of
plants, seed setting of panicle and weight of grain per
plant
The influence of protective coatings on quantitative
loss of garlic was investigated at its warm) and cold
storage under various conditions of relative humidity.
The following varieties of garlic people's selection
were studied: winter varieties – Tian Shansky, Otradnensky;
spring varieties – Sochinsky and Iglinsky Local.
Paraffin-ceresin composition (PK-1) was first proposed
as a protective hydrophobic coating of garlic
bulbs and its combination was scientifically based (the
main component is paraffin, plasticizer is Ceresin C-65
and surface-active supplement is a fraction of synthetic
fatty acids). Physical and mechanical performance
properties of PK-1: melting temperature 58 C; resistance
at 20 C 1,0 МПа; volumetric shrinkage 15%;
plasticity 0,5·10-4 1/МПа; water vapour permeability
6,5g/m2
per day.Waterproof properties of hydrophobic
protective coatings (paraffin-ceresin PK-1, alloy of
paraffin with beewax PК-4, paraffin without supplements
P) were compared with hydrophilic water solution
of polyvinyl alcohol PWS-5. According to the
increase of the moisture-proof properties, the investigated
coatings form the following series: P. PWS -5,
PК-4, PК-1. The maximum efficiency of garlic storage
under various temperature conditions and relative air
humidity was achieved when using a protection film of
PК-1. Compared with control (without coating) PК-1
reduced moisture loss in garlic bulbs for 3-13 times
depending on the variety, and storage duration of winter
garlic varieties increased for 2 times. Iglinsky Local
is the most moisture resistant of all the investigated
varieties, and Tian Shansky variety is less moisture
resistant
We have studied survival and regeneration rate of raspberries and blackberries buds when introducing into cultivation in vitro during October. The rate was significantly higher for buds taken in October than that for ones taken in February. At the first stage of
micropropagation, for the most of studied varieties of raspberries, cultivation on nutrient medium contained BAP (0.5 mg/l) and GA (0.2 mg/l) was most successful; for blackberries, increasing concentration of hormones (BAP to 1.0 mg/l and GA to 0.5 mg/l) was better
Great practical and theoretical interest comes with a study of the transformation of calcium agrobiogeochemical in agro-ecosystems. The basis of the stability of the soil, as an element of the structure and functioning of the biosphere, constitutes historically approved biochemical cycles and flows of matter and energy, which remain unchanged under anthropogenic impact. Comparative analysis of the total content of calcium leached black soil allowed us to establish its decline after three rotations of grain and grass-tilled crop rotation. Without the use of fertilizers its reduction from baseline was 5.25% in the layer 0-20 cm and 3.87% in the 20-40 cm layer, with their introduction - 9.14 and 9.35%, respectively. This trend suggests a decrease in calcium reserves in the root zone of leached black soil in its agricultural use; this process is more active when using mineral fertilizers. This is obviously due to a large outflow of elements in the fertilizer background with harvest crops, and partly due to the influence of mineral fertilizers as chemical reagents on mineral soils, resulting in the release of calcium and moving it into the lower soil horizons. Along with the total content of calcium and its forms, we have analyzed the activity of calcium ions and calcium potential
The results of three-year research of “Nota” winter wheat variety growing techniques intensification influ-ence on mineral nitrogen dynamics in soil, according to vegetation periods, predecessor being corn, are pre-sented