The extensive path for development in the country in the
twentieth century caused low competitiveness of
Russian pig production. The productivity of domestic
pig production was significantly lower than in Europe,
US, Canada and China. Feed costs per 1 kg of gain were
2-3 times higher with a low yield of piglets from a sow
per year: 14-16 with an average European 25-27 heads.
The country did not have enough meat; as a result, a
significant amount of meat products was imported to
Russia. Restrictions on imports in connection to the
imposition of embargoes contributed to the increase in
demand for domestic products and opened new
opportunities for Russian producers. One way to
increase the production of pork is to use pigs with a high
genetic potential for productivity, imported for breeding
from Canada and Europe. Based on the conducted
studies, it has been established that pigs of foreign
breeding have high reproductive qualities, which proves
the expediency of their application in commercial pig
production to increase the efficiency of the industry
development and reduce the import of pedigree
youngsters from abroad. The implementation of two
breed gilts will help increase productivity in the
industrial pig production
The article reviews the results of studying the influence
of mineral fertilizers on the qualitative indices of the
Merlot grape variety in the Anapo-Taman zone of the
Krasnodar region. The technology of cultivation of
grapes on the experimental plot was in accordance with
the accepted for the given zone and culture.
Agrobiological work was carried out at the optimal
time and had a high quality of execution. Grape bushes
are laid in a 3.0 x 2.0 m pattern. Formation - a twoshoulder
horizontal cordon. On the bushes we formed
the same load of shoots and bunches. Scheme of the
experiment: option 1 – no fertilizers (control); option
2-superphosphate with a mixture of potassium salt
(P90K90) from the autumn; option 3 –nitroammofoska
(N120P120K120) from autumn; option 4 – ammonium
nitrate (N60) in early spring. Analysis of the results of
studies on the study of biological features of growth,
fruiting, yield and quality of Merlot grape varieties on the background of the use of mineral fertilizers shows
their high efficiency in the conditions of the AnapoTamanskaya
zone of the Krasnodar region and can be
recommended for use in production conditions.
Mineral fertilizers ensures the receipt of dry bulk wine
of superior quality control sample (without fertilizers)
the concentration of tartaric acid 17.3 25.1 percent,
phenolic compounds 17.1 – 40.0 %, and alcohol
content of 7.2 and 9.3 %, titratable acids 11.8 and 13.7
%, given extract by 17.4 %, with a decrease of the
mass concentration of total sulfur dioxide and pH. The
most effective is the introduction of NPK
(N120P120K120)
The article presents brief results of the introduction of
Hibiscus syriacus L. varieties for a signs collection in
the south of Russia. Since 2007, Federal State
Budgetary Scientific Institution North Caucasian
Regional Research Institute of Horticulture and
Viticulture (Krasnodar) has been working on the
introduction and researching of Hibiscus Syriacus
varieties and signs collection is being formed.
Introduced varieties of hibiscus are obtained in zones
with a moderate temperature-humidity regime,
therefore not all are easily adapted in the conditions of
the south of Russia. According to the results of the
research, several varieties of sources of valuable traits
have been identified. Varieties with pure white petals:
Totus Alba, William R. Smith, White Chiffon, White
Pillar. Varieties with bright crimson color petals:
Freedom, Carneus Plenus, Woodbridge, Duc de
Brabant. The Blue Chiffon variety is the source of
bright blue petals, Sanchonyo is a source of bright
purple-crimson petals. Of great value are varieties that
have an unusual combination in the color of petals,
like the varieties Monstrosus and Hamabo. By the
sign: a large flower (d of a flower more than 12 cm),
the collection includes varieties White Chiffon, Chaina
Chiffon, Pink Giant. Variety Dorothi Crane and
hybrids: T-16-11, T-7-11, K-16-12 are identified as
sources of round, wheel-shaped flower. With a double
flower type, the varieties are represented by varieties:
Blue Chiffon, White Chiffon, China Chiffon, Leopoldii,
Speciosus, Lucci, Sanchonyo, Freedom, Carneus
Plenus. Varieties: Woodbrige, Russion Violet, Ledy
Stenly, White Chiffon, China Chiffon, Purple Pillar
are sources of abundant long (more than 3 months)
flowering. With a high degree of self-purification after
flowering, varieties are distinguished: White Chiffon,
Sanchonyo, Purple Pillar, White Pillar, Freedom.
Varieties: China Chiffon, Freedom, Lucii, Leopoldii,
RussionViolet, hybrid forms: T-16-11, T-18-11, T-21-
12 are characterized by increased adaptability to
abiotic factors in south of Russia. Dedicated varieties and forms - sources of valuable economic and
biological characteristics are of interest for involving
in selection and allow to model varieties with given
properties
The presented research is devoted to the development
of the import-substituting production technology of
the proteins dresser for food from local vegetable
resources, in particular, of lupine. Lupine seeds
contain about 40% of protein rich in all irreplaceable
amino acids. Protein of lupine noticeably differs from
protein of soy in inhibitors content, and namely,
proteases, that does not cause allergic reactions. The
main part of oil composition of oil of lupine is maid
up of linolenic, linoleic and olein acids. Use of lupine
seeds in production of complex raw structure
products will allow to increase the biological value of
a proteins component of a traditional type of raw
materials of phytogenesis and to reduce the available
deficit of protein. It is a will-know fact, that lupine is
added to the recipes of buns, fermented milk and
cottage cheese products, rich crackers and long
cookies. Technologists have recently received a
certain concentrate from lupine seeds of high
biological value, and a pastelike concentrate of lupine
which can be used as a filler in milk, meat, baking
and confectionery industries is being under development. The results of the research show that
seeds of lupine can be considered as one of the
perspective sources of white and competitive
ingredient for developing new recipes and
technologies of different types of multicomponent
food. It is necessary to continue the research on
creation of different types of food with use of lupine
seeds. Thus, the products received from lupine seeds
can be used as raw materials for improvement of
quality of food and as additives for creation of
compoundings of new types of foodstuff
The article shows the ninth year of research on the
remineralization of leached chernozem. In the
plants of winter wheat, the content of macro and
micronutrients of nutrition under remineralization
of leached chernozem was investigated. It is
established that when introducing rocks, the
content of food elements in plants rises
We have presented opportunities to improve the nutritional value of wine production: improvement of biogenetic soil, using organic fertilizers. The nutritional value is ensured by not only high-quality biochemical diversity of berries, but also the safety of products that do not contain toxic inclusions. Bio-fertilizer stimulates the biotransformation of toxic soil residues to replenish soil nutrients for the plant, providing grape raw material with biologically active substances and improves the nutritional value of wine products. Food safety of grapes is ensured by reducing it residues of hazardous chemicals migrating from the soil into the plant and the grapes. It has been established, that after 3 years of application of biofertilizers we significantly improved food safety and quality in the biochemical parameters, especially important for the classic wine grape varieties. The soil content of toxic residues in grape raw material is reduced to 50%, the amount of organic acids increases by: 4,22 mg/dm3(Gallic, coffee acid, chlorogenic; 0.7 g/cm3 amber; of 1.33 mg/dm3 ascorbic; 0.25 mg/dm3 nicotinic
The use of resource-saving technologies for cultivation of basic crops does not make sense without the use of microelement fertilizers, biologics and growth regulators. All this fully applies to the technology of cultivation of the main bean culture – pea. In the current market conditions of agrochemical products, microfertilizers are presented in a wide range. Identifying the most effective of them at a price and yield increase is a defining task for agricultural producers. In this connection, the purpose of the research was to study the influence of biologics and growth regulators on the development and productivity of peas with the definition of their most effective them. The studies were conducted in 2014-2016 on the fields of the training and demonstration center on the introduction of resource-saving technologies of the IPCC APK VO "DGAU" in Zernograd, Rostov Region. As the studied drugs there were used Rizotorfin, Extrasol, Vigor Fort, Miwal Agro, Flavobacterin, Biogumat Kubansky, KU-8 Agrofon. As a result of the research, it was established that all the preparations studied showed a positive effect on the development of pea plants grade Angela. The yield gain was 0,34-0,56 t/ha in comparison with the control. The most effective are the following ones: Extrasol with a yield increase of 0,56 t / ha (14,6%) and a profitability level of 232%, Mival Agro – 0,54 t/ha (14,1%) and a profitability level of 192%, Biohumat Kuban – 0,55 t/ha (14,3%) and the level of profitability of 271%. A good level of profitability was noted at KU-8 Agrofon – 224%
The article presents results of studying the oenology
and the biochemistry of the Cabernet-Sauvignon
grapes in different areas of the Krasnodar region -
Taman, Anapa, Abrau-Dyurso, Gelendzhik and
Krasnodar. The yields, the mechanical composition of
the grapes, the biochemical indicators of the juice of
berries were compared. The cultivation zone affects
the yield, the average mass of the bunch, the number
and mass of berries in the bunch, the mass of the crest,
but according to the percentage of berries and crest in
the bunch, the bunch structure (ratio of mass of berries
to mass of the ridge) does not significantly differ
between growing zones. The mass of 100 berries and
100 seeds, the weight of seeds in 100 berries, the
clustering index (the ratio of pulp with juice to peel)
can differ in different places of growth, but with
insignificant coefficients of variation. The composition
of the bunch as a percentage of the total mass varies
little over the growing zones: the ridges make up 5.6-
5.7%, the skin 4.9-5.2%, the seeds 4.8-4.9%, the pulp
with the juice - 84.3-84.5%. Structural and berry
indicators varied in the range of 5.4-5.5 and 76.84,
respectively. Depending on the place of cultivation, the
yield of the grape must in laboratory conditions was
75.1-75.7%. Analysis of the structure, composition and
the structure of bunches showed that the mechanical
composition of Cabernet-Sauvignon refers to the first
group of varieties that retain their valuable
characteristics when changing the growing conditions.
When harvesting, the mass concentration of sugars was
19-19.8%, titrated acidity - 8.1-9.2 g / dm3, pH - 3.3-
3.4. Depending on the place of cultivation of the
content of organic acids in the juice of berries was:
wine - 4917-5918 mg / dm3, apple - 1926-2763, lemon
- 215-416 mg / dm3. In different places of cultivation
in% of the total amount of organic acids studied, the
content of tartaric acid varied from 61.7 to 71.4%,
apple - from 24.7 to 33.3%, lemon - from 3 to 5%.
Thus, the content of organic acids in the juice of
Cabernet-Sauvignon berries depends on the specific
growing conditions. Depending on the growing places,
the mass concentration of potassium cations is 2630-3508 mg / dm3, sodium 162-436, magnesium 171-230,
calcium 185-255 mg / dm3. However, in most cases,
as a percentage of the total cation content, there are no
differences depending on the site of growth. Thus, the
biochemical parameters of the juice of CabernetSauvignon
berries depend on the specific natural
conditions of the terrain and, according to these
parameters, the variety belongs to the second group of
varieties with less plasticity to different growing
conditions
Soil profiles were made in intensive apple orchard in the agricultural enterprises in Lipetsk and Tambov regions in 2015. Drip irrigation in year rates of 500-550 m3 was carried out since 2010. During the research we determined the soil density, the solid phase density, aggregate composition, particle size distribution, the content of hydrolyzable nitrogen and humus by conventional methods. As a result of drip irrigation can increase dust-like fraction in dark gray forest soil, whereas in chernozems this index did not change significantly. In the black earth soil was noted the process of increasing the proportion of mud fraction due to mineral part chernozem destruction. In both soil types was increased sand content. It was found that drip irrigation improves some of the soil water-physical properties, such as a soil structure coefficient and the content of agronomical valuable aggregates in a layer of 20-40 cm. There was also noted that with increasing soil depth was reduced humus and hydrolyzable nitrogen content. In aggregate analysis, it was found that dark-gray forest soil the amount of water-stable aggregates increased, while meadow chernozem leached soil decreased. Data of the aggregate analysis revealed that in the dark-gray forest soil the amount of water-stable aggregates increased as a result of drip irrigation, while in meadow chernozem leached soil decreased. It recommends by drip irrigation application permanent monitoring of the soil humus content
The article deals with the issue of improving the
profitability of sheep breeding by using improved
mutant genotypes in the breeding system. The results
of studies of the main indicators of economic-useful
traits are given, the dynamics of growth, level and
quality of wool productivity of sheep of improved
genotypes obtained on the basis of such breeds as
Soviet merino and Stavropolskaya, as well as firstgeneration
daughters cultivated in themselves are
estimated. It was found that at birth, the live weight in
the groups of the 3 group (the breeding of half-blooded
hybrids "in oneself") was higher than that of the
females from the 1 and 2 groups, respectively, by 0.50
kg, or 13.1%, and by 0.20 kg or 5.2% (P> 0.95). At a
more senior age, the young, having a large live mass at
birth, retained its rank position. The highest indicator
of the cutting of physical wool was observed in animals
of the 2 group, obtained as a result of the use of sheepproducers
of Stavropolskaya breed on sheep of the
Soviet merino. The parameters of the 1 and 3 group
were lower by 0.6 kg - 12.3% and 0.17 kg - 3.5% (P>
0.95), respectively. The conclusion is made that the use
of sheep-producers of the Stavropolskaya breed on the
uterus of the Soviet merinos breed had a positive effect
on the wool productivity and the live weight of the
hybrid offspring. Further breeding of half-blooded
hybrids “in oneself” showed the possibility of
reproducing improved genotypes without losing the
acquired qualities