EFFICIENCY OF CULTIVATION OF DIFFERENT WINTER WHEAT CULTIVARS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE WEST CAUCASUS
The influence of the crop rotation type, predecessor and different doses of mineral fertilizers on the yield of two winter wheat cultivars (Lira and Krasnodar 99) was investigated. The investigations were carried out in the North-Kuban Agricultural Experiment Station in two five-crops: grain tillage and grain - grass tillage rotation of prolonged stationary experience. The soil is the black soil, low in humus, powerful, with humus content, depending on the power of nutrition backgrounds in the arable (0-30sm) soil layer is 3,95-4,00%, of mineral nitrogen is 5,9-8,3 mg / kg of soil, of exchangeable potassium is 330-360 mg / kg of soil. It was found that the maximum value of the winter wheat crop structure elements is noticed in the fertilizer systems with complete mineral fertilizer, and the minimum value - with PK and NK. Winter wheat yield depends on the crop rotation of 8-15%; from its predecessor - 15-18% and 27-31% of the fertilizer. Grain quality was generally determined by the dose of fertilizer. High and higher doses of fertilizers contributed to the protein content from 11.7 to 12.3% and fibrin content - 23,5-24,0%. A strong correlation between yield and agronomic methods was determined
Results of researches on studying of various doses of
mineral fertilizers on efficiency of hybrids of sunflower
Vulcan, the Arena, the Brio and the Signal are given
in article. Researches showed that depending on formation
of biological mass of sunflower reserves of
productive moisture decreased that was a major factor
in productivity formation
The research purpose was estimate of the red oak
growing suitability in Mari El Republic. To achieve
this goal we investigated experienced 44-year-old red
oak plantation at the Botanical garden-Institute,
determined acorns morphological characteristics of red
and English oaks and seedlings grown from them. The
evaluation of red oak plantings identified excess of
average height and tree diameter in comparison with
English oak, but the sanitary condition of both oaks
forests was weakened due to the influence of the
complex of unfavorable factors. Morphological acorns
evaluation showed that the shape factor of acorns of
English oak is equal to 1.64, while the red oak is 1.1.
Biometrics parameters of red oak bareroote seedlings
in the field were higher than English oak bareroote
seedlings. In greenhouse biometric parameters of red oak container seedlings had not excess. According to
this research, red oak is recommended for use in
landscape construction in Mari El Republic
Early-ripening white cabbage has a special place
among the vegetables cultivated in the Kuban region.
It opens the pipeline of vegetables from the open
ground and is supplied to other regions at a time
when shortage of vegetables of domestic production
is felt the most. Modern producer requirements to
domestic hybrids are the highest - product quality,
uniformity and productivity should not concede to
foreign analogues. Ways to improve the quality of
early ripening hybrids: development of lines based on
modern foreign hybrids, high uniformity of lines by
morphological and economic traits. Development of
male sterile lines and dihaploid lines in culturein
vitro can more successfully solve the problem of
quality of early ripening hybrids. The use of the
above methods and approaches helped develop series
of inbred lines - gene sources for complex agronomic
traits. On the vase of obtained lines promising earlyripening
hybrids were developed. One of the hybrids,
Ritsa F1, entered the State register of breeding
achievements. Advantages of the hybrid: earliness,
uniformity and high marketability of heads, high
productivity. According to results of contest trial new
hybrid Milana F1 is passed for State trial, this hybrid
has high productivity potential for growing in sale
cropping. Both hybrids were produced with the
participation of male sterile line Dt46f, resistant to
fusarium. High quality seeds of these hybrids were
produced in a greenhouse in direct crop for a wide
industrial and environmental testing
The article presents the results of a study to determine
changes in indicators of fertility in typical chernozem
of the Belgorod region and the productivity of corn
using different agricultural technologies, including
with elements of biologization
The article contains the summarized information on
the activity of a farm having a sector of
“Agrotourism”. There was revealed the positive
dynamics of development of agricultural tourism in
the Krasnodar region, the extension of offered
services in this direction; there was set the obstacles
restraining the development of the present sector.
There were named the reserves to increase the
profitability: (domestic milk production and
participation in programs of state support
Introduction of new elements of fruit cultivation
technology into production is one of the elements
of intensification of the branch. The problem of
providing plants with moisture is the key in
modern technology. The purpose of the research
is a development and manufacturing of
innovative methods of water supply of modern
fruit plantations. Researches were conducted in
two fruiting zones of the Krasnodar region
(Northern and Kuban) with the aim of
assessment of influence of different ways of
water supply on the growth and productivity of
apple-tree varieties: Idared and Gala Schniga
grafted on the stock М9 and planted in 2012 due
to the scheme 3,5x0,8 m. There was determined
that the application of the absorbent Aqua Life
and absorbents with the addition of
recommended elements (Ecogel-1; Ecogel-2)
increase the acclimation rate of seedlings on 2-
6%. The presence of proper conducting system to
supply with the moisture and nutrients the
overhead part (roots-leaves) and a large number
of photosynthezing apparatus promoted to obtain
the high-quality fruit productivity, accumulation
of phytomass and increase of fruit quality.
We have found, that complexes of
hydroabsorbents on the basis “Aqua Life”,
“Ecogel-1” and “Ecogel-2” in conditions of
Kuban in fruiting apple-tree plantations on dwarf
stocks showed the high effectiveness on water
supply, for the first time
From 2011 to 2015 in the laboratory conditions there
were studied the physical properties of absorbents in the
controlled environment. There was defined that in the
variant of the "soil+water" the usual colloidal mass is
formed and in variants "soil+absorbents+water" - a
mixture of soil and gel. There was determined that the
least diurnal evaporation was fixed at the use of the
mixture: soil+ preparation “Ecogel-1”. In the control
variant of the experiment the full water evaporation was
marked on 31st day after beginning of the experiment, in
the variant with the use of the absorbent Aqua Life the
whole water evaporated on 48th day, and at the use of
preparations Ecogel-1 and Ecogel-2 the duration of
evaporation of the same amount of water supply at
temperature 22-24оС and air moisture in 55-60%
continued 57-65 days. In the result of five-year
laboratory researches there was determined the
possibility of development of water-saving technology
for fruit plantations. When we used absorbents
(granules, powders) in planting process and watering
resulting the gel-like mass completely collapses the root
system of fruit plants and the operation of the system
"soil-roots-leaves" will not depend on the physical
condition of soil and environment due to water
consumption for transpiration
Protected soil of Russia which has been stagnant
for a long time began to expand actively and to
modernize. The State Program of protected soil
development for 2015-2016 promotes it, according
to which every year it is planned to introduce 200 –
215 ha of modern industrial greenhouses. There
was set the task of production of 1 mln. tons of
greenhouse vegetables by the Ministry of
Agriculture of Russia to 2020. Existing
greenhouses of the IV generation of the type
"Venlo" takes about 2.2 hectares in the country and
are successfully used by producers of vegetables,
obtaining in a year-round period 700 – 720
thousand tons of vitamin production. At present
time the special attention of greenhouse owners is
paid to greenhouses of the V generation of the
system UltraClima, ModulAIR, in which we
modernized the system of microclimate parameter
management allowing to eliminate the critical
periods of management by thermal isolation in the
second part of May to the end of summer. The
offered systems allow essentially economizing
energy expenses, considerably to increase the
profitability of vegetable production at the expense
of management by growth’s processes and plant
development. The innovation solutions in a
greenhouse construction on the example of the first
Russian greenhouse with the system UltraClima
constructed in the Lipetsk region are discussed in
this article. There was shown the characteristic of a
new analogous development of Russian engineers
having a number of advantages in comparison with
UltraClima
In this article we present information on features of
microcloning in culture of in vitro of perspective for
Eurasia, pink and white-berry table genetic grades of
grapes by I. A. Kostrikin, V. N. Kraynov and V. V.
Zagorulko. Researches were conducted at an input
stage in culture of in vitro of meristems of 0,1-0,2 mm
in size. At the majority of grades and forms, we noted
good regeneration abilities in the conditions of sterile
culture. It is bound to the fact that almost all the
studied grades: Anyuta, Bogatyanovsky, the Princess
Olga, Preobrazhenie, Anniversary of Novocherkassk,
Favor are received from crossing of couple the Mascot
× Sultana-ray grape. And only grades called Libya and
Lowland which showed lower regeneration properties
at stages of proliferation and rooting of shoots are
received from crossing the couple of Flamingo ×
Arkadya and (Talisman x Tomaysky) respectively. At
the same time, the grade of Talisman, being one of the
parents of the majority of the studied grades, showed
stable results at all stages of cultivation