Barley is one of the important fodder crops. In modern
Russia barley is sown throughout the farming areas.
The effectiveness of barley cultivation in some years is
reduced due to the infestation with helminthosporiosis.
Net blotch of barley Drechslera teres is a widespread
and highly destructive disease in the world including
Russia. In recent years the disease has been
progressing in all grain-producing countries. Yield
reduction due to the strong development of the blotch
can reach up to 45%. Most cultivated barley varieties
are susceptible to Drechslera teres. Нelminthosporiosis
are characterized by greater variability and rapid
adaptation to new varieties of host plants. In order to
solve successfully the problem of barley immunity to
net blotch it’s necessary to conduct genetics and
population studies of the Hordeum vulgare -
Drechslera teres pathosystem
Ferrourtikavit is a biologically active additive (BAA)
derived from common nettle supplemented with micro
nutrient elements (titanium, vanadium, molybdenum,
zinc, copper, iron, tin, chromium, manganese, barium).
Ferrourtikavit is manufactured from local vegetable
raw materials, however its application in feeding dairy
cows is not sufficiently studied. Therefore, the
application of the BAA ferrourtikavit in animal
feeding with a view to increase milk production is
relevant. The aim of the research conducted is to
investigate the impact of the BAA ferrourtikavit on the
overall nutritional value of animal diet and reduction
of food consumption. The experiment was conducted
on four groups of black-motley breed dairy cows.
Formation of the experimental groups (15 animals per
each group) was performed on the third lactation,
taking into account age, productivity during the
previous lactation, breed characteristics, live weight.
The main diet consisted of hay, haylage, succulent
fodder, concentrates. Additionally to basic diet the 2nd
,
3
rd and 4th experimental groups obtained the BAA
ferrourtikavit at the doses of 0,25, 0,50 and 0,75 mg/kg
of live weight, respectively. It has been established
that the animals from the experimental groups (2nd, 3rd
and 4th) consumed 43,9-51,3 energetic feed units less,
439,4-513,5 MJ metabolic energy less, 56,4 – 62,0 kg
dry matter less, 1,1 – 1,6 kg digestible protein less.
The lowest feed consumption was noted among the
animals from the 3rd experimental group, in the basic
diet of which the BAA ferrourtikavit in an amount of
0,50 mg/kg of live weight was introduced. The research conducted established, that application of the
biologically active additive ferrourtikavit in the diet of
lactating cows at the dose of 0,5 mg/kg of live weight
led to the highest milk yields 4678±45,17 kg. In the
experienced groups, increase in milk yields, decrease
in concentrates' utilization as well as costs of 1 kg milk
as compared to the control group were registered
The results of the study farm «Zavet Ilyicha» JSC,
Leningrad district of Krasnodar region, are presented
in article to study the role of rolling phosphorus in soil
samples, organic fertilizers and grain output of winter
wheat. We examined the relationship between the
content of phosphorus in the soil and fertilizers are
introduced and subsequently with the quality of the
harvest of grain. To receive high harvests of crops,
primarily need adequate amounts of phosphorus in
soils in an accessible form. The next important step is
the use of different fertilizers (mineral and organic)
under crops. Without the use of fertilizers cannot
return key for plants of nutrients, such as phosphorus,
nitrogen and sodium in the soil, since agricultural
products makes the nutrients. What dose of fertilizer
use and profitable forms of these fertilizers, solves
every household depending on culture, soil, climate
and economy. We received during the research the
following results: for 4 year average contents of
phosphorus in soils of agro-landscape in General, au
pairs amounted to 27.2–31.4 mg/kg. Average levels of
phosphorus in the soils crop rotation fields amounted
to 26.9 and 30.9 mg/kg. Maximum values amounted to
115.0 mg/kg, while the minimum is about 3.0 mg/kg.
Also conducted analyses on the contents of rolling
phosphorus in manure polupereprevshem pigs and
cattle. Marked by a very significant gap in content of
phosphorus, which is associated with significant
differences in their feeding. In grain of winter wheat
for 4 years, phosphorus content accounted for at an
average of 3.41 g/kg; minimum and maximum
performance from 2.35 to 4.47 g/kg, in 2012.
Compared with 2012 phosphorus concentrations in
grain of winter wheat has gradually increased to 2015,
and accounted for 3.47 g/kg with minimum and
maximum thresholds ranging from 2.05 to 4.89 g/kg
DYNAMICS OF CATALASE ACTIVITY IN THE LEAVES OF APPLE TREES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF FOLIAR FERTILIZING
The research was conducted studying the effect of
various system of foliar fertigation on catalase activity
in the apple orchard with drip irrigation in 2013-2014.
The object of research were apple trees of
Zhigulevskoye variety grafted on rootstock 62-396 in
experimental intensive apple orchard of I.V. Michurin
FSC which had been planted in 2007. During
vegetation, the following indices were determined in
apple tree leaves in dynamics: catalase activity by
gasometrical method of M.I Lishkevich on the 3rd and
5
th day after treatments, the content of nitrogen
(Kjeldahl method), phosphorus (KFK-3), potassium
and calcium (Jenway PFP-7). Data were statistical
processed according to the generally accepted methods
described by B.A. Dospekhov. It has been established
that foliar fertigation increased catalase activity on the
3
rd day after treatment, which then decreases to normal
values. So, treatments acted as a stress factor.
Correlation of catalase activity with nitrogen content in
the leaves increased, and with calcium content
decreased as the number of megafol mixed with
calcium calbit treatments was enlarged. Using tank
mixtures for multiple treatments with combination of
antistress preparations and calcium-containing
agrochemicals allows to moderate significantly the
stress effect of foliar fertilizing on plants
The article presents the results of the study of yield, mechanical and biochemical composition of Merlot grape vine variety and its two clones in the conditions of Taman and Anapa subzone of the Krasnodar region. Clones differ from the maternal variety by the large number of berries in the bunch, the mass of the berry, the average mass of the bunch and the yield. Maternal variety and its clones are characterized by very close percentages of berries and combs in the bunch and by indicators of the structure, composition and structure of the bunch. By the yield of juice percentage, in different growth areas clones showed the same results as the original variety. According to the content of glucose, fructose, organic acids (wine, apple, citric, succinic), potassium, sodium, magnesium and calcium cations in the juice of berries, there is no reliable differences between the original variety and its clones. The content of dry substances, sugars, titrated acids, and the sugar-acid coefficient depended on the yield, but in general, they were favorable for the production of wine materials and juices. Merlo phanagoriiskii and Merloc are ecologically plastic and belong to the first group of varieties that retain their valuable characteristics in different areas of growth
Remineralization of leached chernozem was carried
out by applying such rocks as loess-like loam, shell
limestone, apatite phosphogypsum. We have
revealed that the introduction of species didn’t
change substantially the content of boron during the
growing season. We have also displayed the seasonal
dynamics of macro variants of the experiment and
the increase in the content of food items in the phase
of active growth of winter wheat. Seasonal dynamics
of trace elements is expressed, but can not be
expressed with certain regularity
We have conducted a research on the poultry farm of
the commodity farm of the educational and
experimental farm Kuban of the Kuban State Agrarian
University. The chemical analysis of various organic
fertilizers is considered in the article. Also
agrochemical characteristics of organic fertilizers are
given. The composition and properties of the bird
droppings of the farm under study were determined for
comparison with other organic fertilizers: manure of
cattle and pig manure. Since straw is used as the main
moisture-absorbing material for composting in the
farm under study, straw analyzes were carried out in
terms of chemical composition and nutritional content.
A chemical analysis of the content of plant nutrients in
straw has been carried out. Bird droppings is valuable,
a fast full fertilizer. Of all organic fertilizers, bird
droppings are the most valuable, both in nutrient
content and in their accessibility to plants. The nutrient
content in the litter varies depending on the species of
the bird, the breed, the age, the method of keeping and
feeding, the type of feed and other factors. The
chicken manure contains morephosphorus, nitrogen and
potassium, than manure of cattle and pigs. The advantage
of organic fertilizers in comparison with mineral
fertilizers is their long after-effect. As fertilizer a bird
droppings surpasses manure at 8-10 times and almost
don't concede to equal amount of nutrients of mineral
fertilizers by action on productivity of cultures. The norm
of introduction of bird droppings is up to 30 times lower,
than norm of introduction of manure. Agricultural areas
where introduction of organic fertilizers, the list of crops
under which fertilizers are introduced were considered.
The received results confirm the value of organic
fertilizers (bird droppings), and their application enriches
the soil with necessary nutrients, increases productivity
and quality of grown-up crops
At present, the farmers have to develop varieties and
hybrids, which fully meet the requirements of
agricultural production. The study of correlation among
economic-valuable characteristics of grain sorghum is of
great importance nowadays, as it allows optimizing
plant-breeding work at its early stages. For a more
productive process of developing of the initial material in
breeding, it is necessary to determine the correlation
among the traits to identify the strongest connections,
and to conduct further work, based on the obtained data.
Knowing the correlation, the estimation of timeconsuming
economic trait can be replaced by the
assessment of the simpler trait correlated with it. The
article presents the analysis of correlation among various
traits of grain sorghum. The degree and direction of the
correlation have been estimated. The significant effect of
the length of vegetation period on many traits has been
seen. There have been also mentioned the characteristics,
having an influence on a size and a number of kernels
per panicle. There is a positive correlation between a size
of panicle and dimensions of a leaf (length, width).
Along with it there has been found a positive correlation
among linier dimensions of a panicle, length and width
of a leaf, a number of leaves with a number of kernels
per panicle. While studying the correlation between an
extension of a panicle with other traits, there has been
noted a negative correlation between a length of
vegetation period, length and width of a leaf, but there
has been found a positive correlation with plant height. There has been found a positive effect of 1000-kernel
weight, a number of kernels per panicle, a number of
leaves and their dimensions on the formation of kernel
weight per panicle
The influence of the predecessor and different doses of mineral fertilizers on the yield and the quality of the winter wheat cultivar ‘Krasnodar 99’ were investigated. Investigations were carried out in the North-Kuban Agricultural Experiment Station in two ten- course crop-rotations: grain plowing and grain - grass plowing (stationary experience). The soil is the black soil, low in humus, powerful, with humus content 3,95-4,00%, depending on the nutrition in the arable soil layer (0-30sm), mineral nitrogen is 5,9-8,3 mg / kg of soil, exchangeable potassium is 330-360 mg / kg of soil. It was found that the maximum value of the winter wheat crop structure elements is noticed in the fertilizer systems with complete mineral fertilizer, and the minimum value - with PK and NK. Winter wheat yield depends on the crop rotation of 8-15%; from its predecessor - 15-18% and 27-31% of the fertilizer. The protein content was mainly determined by the fertilizer dose. Enhanced and high doses of fertilizers contributed to an increase in the protein content to 12%.A strong correlation between protein content, agronomic methods and precipitation was determined
Tasting and smoking properties of tobacco products
depend on chemical composition of dried tobacco. The
most important are nicotine, carbohydrates, and
proteins. Their content is controlled when new sorts
are bred. In the article data on chemical composition
and their analysis for some hybrids, new and zoned
sorts are presented. Most of studied samples had
medium nicotine content in dried tobacco. Hybrid of
Jubileiniy noviy 142 and Ostrolist 46, sorts: Trapezond
159, 359, 115 and Ostrolist 46 were characterized as
low nicotine tobaccos. Jubileiniy (standard) and
Oktiabrskii were characterized as high nicotine
tobaccos. This indicator depends on rain quantity
during vegetation period. During drought seasons this
indicator is higher. Total soluble carbohydrates content
affects smoke taste. The more water soluble
carbohydrates content the better smoking properties
tobacco has. Unlike nicotine, carbohydrates content
when rainy season increases. Best results were for
Krupnolistniy 9M and Oktiabrskii. Proteins have
negative effect on smoke taste as it becomes bitter and
with smell of burned feathers. Most of studied hybrids
have quite high protein content. For cured tobacco
quality assessment, not total contents of proteins and
carbohydrates are important but their ratio
(carbohydrates/proteins) called Shmuk ratio. Best
results were for Krupnolistniy 9M and Oktiabrskii