Scientific Journal of KubSAU

Polythematic online scientific journal
of Kuban State Agrarian University
ISSN 1990-4665
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164 kb

DEPENDENCE OF VALUABLE TRAITS OF CONFECTIONERY SUNFLOW SEEDS ON POPULATION DENSITY

abstract 1281704072 issue 128 pp. 1051 – 1059 28.04.2017 ru 334
Development of confectionery sunflower openpollinated varieties (OP-varieties) is a prospect direction in sunflower breeding. High price level for confectionery sunflower seeds pushes forward the breeding program. The aim of our work is to study dependence of main valuable confectionery seed characteristics from plant density and to identify sunflower samples, which decrease seed size at minimum level under high plant density. The study was done at All-Russia Oil Crops Research Institute (VNIIMK) named by V.S. Pustovoit (Krasnodar) in 2015 and 2016. Seeds of different biotypes of OP sunflower variety called Dzhinn were used as a material. Samples were sown with 2 replications. Every plot had 1 row. The highest yield of OP variety Dzhinn was obtain under plant density 60 000 plants per ha. 1000-seeds weight decreased with increasing plant density up to 60 000 plants per ha. Prospect for future breeding samples were identified which not decrease the level of valuable traits under higher plant density
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FINAL INDICATORS OF VALUABLE PROPERTIES FOR NEW TOBACCO SORTS (FOR FIVE YEAR PERIOD)

abstract 1281704091 issue 128 pp. 1294 – 1308 28.04.2017 ru 394
Basic aim of institute’s breeding is to keep, renew and increase selection and genetic resources of Nicotiana tabacum. Final stages of this work are competitive and state sort testing procedures. Their results are base for zoning new sorts. In the article, the results on testing 8 new tobacco sorts of Trapezond and Ostrolist sort type are presented. Testing on experimental field situated in Severskii district of the Krasnodar region lasted for five years. For this purpose, phenological observations, biometric and technological properties measuring, plant productivity and dried tobacco quality assessments and other operations were carried. As the result, Trapezond 25, Ostrolist 360 and Sheptalskii 63 sorts may be recommended for zoning and utilizing in industry. Trapezond 25 and Sheptalskii 63 are sorts with high productivity, high quality of dried tobacco and good curing properties. Ostrolist 360 when earlymiddle maturing keeps high productivity and quality of cured tobacco. Other sorts: Trapezond 115, Ostrolist 311, Ostrolist 149, Ostrolist 90, Krupnolistniy 22 can be initial material for further selection
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EROSION ZONING OF THE TERRITORY OF THE BRYANSK REGION: THE EXPERIENCE AND CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS

abstract 1281704092 issue 128 pp. 1309 – 1319 28.04.2017 ru 326
The article analyzes the experience of zoning of territory of the Bryansk region on the main factors of erosion to select the measures to combat it. The Bryansk region in its present borders, mainly representing the middle course of the Desna river, has been considered safe in relation to erosion. The existing zoning is based on the quantitative characteristics of the processes of erosion that primarily allowed us to assess the scale of their impact on nature and the region's economy. The erosion zoning was performed on the basis of the map of erosion-prone land. As a result of study and analysis of all natural factors of erosion and land of the region under study the regularities of distribution of land erosion and intensity of spring rainfall and soil erosion are detected. Under the leadership of Filin V. I., a survey of the ravines of the region was conducted and made the scheme of erosion zoning, according to which the region is divided into three areas. It is noteworthy Horinas E. V. research. When divided into areas it was taken into consideration the need for each of them specific actions to combat the causes and consequences of erosion in relation to the peculiarities of the latter in each district. According to the intensity of the erosion processes and physico-geographical zoning of the Bryansk region and the nature of agricultural land use, specialists of the Bryansk branch of the Institute "Rosgiprozem" produced erosion zoning of the territory of the region, which highlighted seven erosion regions. From the variety of methods for zoning, the most appropriate in our view are created, based on the estimated small-scale (medium-scale) maps of erosion of land, capable of performing the function diagrams of erosion zoning
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GENETIC ANALYSIS OF TRAITS INHERITANCE IN DEVELOPMENT OF COLD TOLERANT RICE VARIETIES FOR THE CONDITIONS OF RUSSIAN RICE-GROWING

abstract 1281704093 issue 128 pp. 1320 – 1332 28.04.2017 ru 249
Hybridization was performed for nine hybrid combinations between Russian early-ripening varieties Novator and Serpantin and South Korean cold-tolerant introduced samples Odaebueo и Tinbubueo. As a result, 283 hybrid caryopses in eight combinations were obtained, which were later studied in growing conditions. Study of trait inheritance in F1 hybrids was conducted, heterosis effect of studied hybrid populations was determined by productivity and individual elements of yield structure, using indicators of the degree of phenotypic dominance (hp) of quantitative traits. Significant variability in agronomic traits of F1 hybrids was determined. The manifestation of heterosis in productivity was noted in combination Odaebueo / Tinbubueo, in which super dominance was observed by all the studied traits forming productivity, in the hybrid progeny. Using the "halves method", analysis for cold resistance of 227 F2 plants in eight hybrid populations was performed. Seven lines with increased resistance to low positive temperatures during germination were identified in five hybrid combinations, which is 3% of the studied material. It is shown that in breeding for cold resistance as mother plants in hybridization it is necessary to use rice varieties (samples) that are resistant to low positive temperatures during germination, and as paternal - more productive varieties, adapted to soil and climatic conditions of rice growing area of the Krasnodar Region
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PERSPECTIVE VARIETIES OF HIBISCUS SYRIAN (HIBISCUS SYRIACUS L) FOR A SIGNS COLLECTION IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA

abstract 1291705006 issue 129 pp. 68 – 78 31.05.2017 ru 385
The article presents brief results of the introduction of Hibiscus syriacus L. varieties for a signs collection in the south of Russia. Since 2007, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution North Caucasian Regional Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture (Krasnodar) has been working on the introduction and researching of Hibiscus Syriacus varieties and signs collection is being formed. Introduced varieties of hibiscus are obtained in zones with a moderate temperature-humidity regime, therefore not all are easily adapted in the conditions of the south of Russia. According to the results of the research, several varieties of sources of valuable traits have been identified. Varieties with pure white petals: Totus Alba, William R. Smith, White Chiffon, White Pillar. Varieties with bright crimson color petals: Freedom, Carneus Plenus, Woodbridge, Duc de Brabant. The Blue Chiffon variety is the source of bright blue petals, Sanchonyo is a source of bright purple-crimson petals. Of great value are varieties that have an unusual combination in the color of petals, like the varieties Monstrosus and Hamabo. By the sign: a large flower (d of a flower more than 12 cm), the collection includes varieties White Chiffon, Chaina Chiffon, Pink Giant. Variety Dorothi Crane and hybrids: T-16-11, T-7-11, K-16-12 are identified as sources of round, wheel-shaped flower. With a double flower type, the varieties are represented by varieties: Blue Chiffon, White Chiffon, China Chiffon, Leopoldii, Speciosus, Lucci, Sanchonyo, Freedom, Carneus Plenus. Varieties: Woodbrige, Russion Violet, Ledy Stenly, White Chiffon, China Chiffon, Purple Pillar are sources of abundant long (more than 3 months) flowering. With a high degree of self-purification after flowering, varieties are distinguished: White Chiffon, Sanchonyo, Purple Pillar, White Pillar, Freedom. Varieties: China Chiffon, Freedom, Lucii, Leopoldii, RussionViolet, hybrid forms: T-16-11, T-18-11, T-21- 12 are characterized by increased adaptability to abiotic factors in south of Russia. Dedicated varieties and forms - sources of valuable economic and biological characteristics are of interest for involving in selection and allow to model varieties with given properties
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POWDER FROM LUPINE SEEDS – THE PERSPECTIVE PROTEINACEOUS FOOD DRESSER

abstract 1291705020 issue 129 pp. 225 – 236 31.05.2017 ru 530
The presented research is devoted to the development of the import-substituting production technology of the proteins dresser for food from local vegetable resources, in particular, of lupine. Lupine seeds contain about 40% of protein rich in all irreplaceable amino acids. Protein of lupine noticeably differs from protein of soy in inhibitors content, and namely, proteases, that does not cause allergic reactions. The main part of oil composition of oil of lupine is maid up of linolenic, linoleic and olein acids. Use of lupine seeds in production of complex raw structure products will allow to increase the biological value of a proteins component of a traditional type of raw materials of phytogenesis and to reduce the available deficit of protein. It is a will-know fact, that lupine is added to the recipes of buns, fermented milk and cottage cheese products, rich crackers and long cookies. Technologists have recently received a certain concentrate from lupine seeds of high biological value, and a pastelike concentrate of lupine which can be used as a filler in milk, meat, baking and confectionery industries is being under development. The results of the research show that seeds of lupine can be considered as one of the perspective sources of white and competitive ingredient for developing new recipes and technologies of different types of multicomponent food. It is necessary to continue the research on creation of different types of food with use of lupine seeds. Thus, the products received from lupine seeds can be used as raw materials for improvement of quality of food and as additives for creation of compoundings of new types of foodstuff
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CONTENT OF ELEMENTS OF FEED IN PLANTS OF WINTER WHEAT AT REMINERALIZATION OF BLACK LEACHED SOIL

abstract 1291705023 issue 129 pp. 265 – 275 31.05.2017 ru 249
The article shows the ninth year of research on the remineralization of leached chernozem. In the plants of winter wheat, the content of macro and micronutrients of nutrition under remineralization of leached chernozem was investigated. It is established that when introducing rocks, the content of food elements in plants rises
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NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF GRAPES OF TECHNICAL GRADES

abstract 1291705027 issue 129 pp. 306 – 314 31.05.2017 ru 311
We have presented opportunities to improve the nutritional value of wine production: improvement of biogenetic soil, using organic fertilizers. The nutritional value is ensured by not only high-quality biochemical diversity of berries, but also the safety of products that do not contain toxic inclusions. Bio-fertilizer stimulates the biotransformation of toxic soil residues to replenish soil nutrients for the plant, providing grape raw material with biologically active substances and improves the nutritional value of wine products. Food safety of grapes is ensured by reducing it residues of hazardous chemicals migrating from the soil into the plant and the grapes. It has been established, that after 3 years of application of biofertilizers we significantly improved food safety and quality in the biochemical parameters, especially important for the classic wine grape varieties. The soil content of toxic residues in grape raw material is reduced to 50%, the amount of organic acids increases by: 4,22 mg/dm3(Gallic, coffee acid, chlorogenic; 0.7 g/cm3 amber; of 1.33 mg/dm3 ascorbic; 0.25 mg/dm3 nicotinic
133 kb

PERFORMANCE EFFICIENCY OF PEA BY USING MICRO-FERTILIZERS AND GROWTH REGULATORS

abstract 1291705077 issue 129 pp. 1070 – 1078 31.05.2017 ru 531
The use of resource-saving technologies for cultivation of basic crops does not make sense without the use of microelement fertilizers, biologics and growth regulators. All this fully applies to the technology of cultivation of the main bean culture – pea. In the current market conditions of agrochemical products, microfertilizers are presented in a wide range. Identifying the most effective of them at a price and yield increase is a defining task for agricultural producers. In this connection, the purpose of the research was to study the influence of biologics and growth regulators on the development and productivity of peas with the definition of their most effective them. The studies were conducted in 2014-2016 on the fields of the training and demonstration center on the introduction of resource-saving technologies of the IPCC APK VO "DGAU" in Zernograd, Rostov Region. As the studied drugs there were used Rizotorfin, Extrasol, Vigor Fort, Miwal Agro, Flavobacterin, Biogumat Kubansky, KU-8 Agrofon. As a result of the research, it was established that all the preparations studied showed a positive effect on the development of pea plants grade Angela. The yield gain was 0,34-0,56 t/ha in comparison with the control. The most effective are the following ones: Extrasol with a yield increase of 0,56 t / ha (14,6%) and a profitability level of 232%, Mival Agro – 0,54 t/ha (14,1%) and a profitability level of 192%, Biohumat Kuban – 0,55 t/ha (14,3%) and the level of profitability of 271%. A good level of profitability was noted at KU-8 Agrofon – 224%
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OENOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF MERLOT VARIETY AND ITS CLONES IN DIFFERENT ZONES OF GROWTH

abstract 1291705083 issue 129 pp. 1140 – 1157 31.05.2017 ru 823
The article presents results of studying the oenology and the biochemistry of the Cabernet-Sauvignon grapes in different areas of the Krasnodar region - Taman, Anapa, Abrau-Dyurso, Gelendzhik and Krasnodar. The yields, the mechanical composition of the grapes, the biochemical indicators of the juice of berries were compared. The cultivation zone affects the yield, the average mass of the bunch, the number and mass of berries in the bunch, the mass of the crest, but according to the percentage of berries and crest in the bunch, the bunch structure (ratio of mass of berries to mass of the ridge) does not significantly differ between growing zones. The mass of 100 berries and 100 seeds, the weight of seeds in 100 berries, the clustering index (the ratio of pulp with juice to peel) can differ in different places of growth, but with insignificant coefficients of variation. The composition of the bunch as a percentage of the total mass varies little over the growing zones: the ridges make up 5.6- 5.7%, the skin 4.9-5.2%, the seeds 4.8-4.9%, the pulp with the juice - 84.3-84.5%. Structural and berry indicators varied in the range of 5.4-5.5 and 76.84, respectively. Depending on the place of cultivation, the yield of the grape must in laboratory conditions was 75.1-75.7%. Analysis of the structure, composition and the structure of bunches showed that the mechanical composition of Cabernet-Sauvignon refers to the first group of varieties that retain their valuable characteristics when changing the growing conditions. When harvesting, the mass concentration of sugars was 19-19.8%, titrated acidity - 8.1-9.2 g / dm3, pH - 3.3- 3.4. Depending on the place of cultivation of the content of organic acids in the juice of berries was: wine - 4917-5918 mg / dm3, apple - 1926-2763, lemon - 215-416 mg / dm3. In different places of cultivation in% of the total amount of organic acids studied, the content of tartaric acid varied from 61.7 to 71.4%, apple - from 24.7 to 33.3%, lemon - from 3 to 5%. Thus, the content of organic acids in the juice of Cabernet-Sauvignon berries depends on the specific growing conditions. Depending on the growing places, the mass concentration of potassium cations is 2630-3508 mg / dm3, sodium 162-436, magnesium 171-230, calcium 185-255 mg / dm3. However, in most cases, as a percentage of the total cation content, there are no differences depending on the site of growth. Thus, the biochemical parameters of the juice of CabernetSauvignon berries depend on the specific natural conditions of the terrain and, according to these parameters, the variety belongs to the second group of varieties with less plasticity to different growing conditions
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