Subjects of Russia are not uniform on composition,
structure and security with financial resources,
respectively, on the level of economic development.
Therefore, the search of an objective indicator for
distribution and redistribution of financial resources
has resulted in the idea of use of the value of tax
potential of the region, which is used in foreign
practice since 80s. It can be widely used both in the
intrabudgetary relations, and in regional budgetary and
tax systems within the regional analysis of
management of development of the territory. This
indicator is of great importance for regional authorities
as the value of tax potential determines the value of
incomes of the regional budget and, therefore, a
possibility of implementation by regional bodies of
their functions. Based on the analysis of the value of
tax potential, its actual use, the scientific and
methodological validity of final decisions on
management of the region and, in particular, in the
sphere of tax policy is increased
In this work, prerequisites of processes of globalization
of economies which source, according to authors, is the
scientific and technological revolution of the XVIIIXIX
century of century are considered. Dissemination
of new technologies led to the international labor
division, and emergence of information technologies
promoted to increase in speed of communications,
deleting of economic borders between the countries. A
specific place in processes of globalization is held by
space technologies by means of which there was a
possibility of exchange of information between various
consumers and the companies, which are in the
different countries and continents. Based on the carriedout
analysis, it is revealed that in the conditions of
globalization pressure of group of industrially
developed countries upon the rest of the world for the
purpose of imposing of a certain model of their
existence by the rest amplifies. The tool in competition
are new technologies which help to drive the national
companies out of the local markets. A special role in the
course of globalization is played by information and
space technologies of communication and broadcasting.
Only competitive hi-tech productions focused on
perspective technological ways can resist to influence
of the international corporations. According to authors,
distribution of innovative technologies has to contribute
to the uniform development of all countries, formation
of the multipolar world, the excluding domination of
any country or the international group
Production and processing of grains have formed a number of cereals-governmental sectors in the national economic system of the country, such as grain production, grain elevator industry, flour, cereals and mixed fodder production, which constitute the grain complex country. The significance and the role of the grain as a commodity in the state economy can not be overestimated. This product is totally liquid; it has a constant, steady demand at any time of the year, in any region. Ongoing measures to increase grain production and improve its implementation did not have a complex character, therefore, insignificant effect on the efficiency of the industry and the competitiveness of grain production. The shortage was covered by imports. According to the characteristics of management in agriculture, it should be especially emphasized that the lack of objective and timely information at all stages of crop production, and, as a consequence, the adoption of suboptimal management decisions, leads to the fact that labor and material resources increase substantially, the enterprise receives less profit , and sometimes incurs losses.When selecting cultivation technology for agricultural crops, an agronomist has a database of more than a hundred times-personal of alternative technologies for each crop. It is up to the decision-maker (DMP) to find specific criteria to select the most suitable (for the owners and the climatic zone) technology of cultivating for the culture. These circumstances explain the relevance of in-depth research of economic and mathematical models and methods of analysis and evaluation of the economic efficiency of technologies of cultivation agricultural crops. The article deals with the task of developing and implementing a specialized software package for the task of managing technological processes in crop production with the goal of improving the quality, efficiency and validity of management decisions
In the article, we have considered indicators for
assessing import dependency by key
characteristics of industrial production
(technology, raw materials, equipment). The work
shows necessity of the transition from
determining the level of import dependence for
individual characteristics to determine its overall
(integrated) assessment. It presents the criteria of
evaluation of technical, technological, raw
material import dependence of production. We
have developed a model of calculation of the
generalized indicators of evaluation of level of
import dependency of production. The proposed
Toolkit allows using an expert way to assess the
level of import dependence of production of
various types of products. In this comprehensive
assessment, it takes into account the dependence
of the acquired import of components, raw
materials and borrowed technologies, and the
extent of use of imported equipment. The use of
indicators characterizing the degree of
dependence of production on foreign technology
and equipment is very important in the conditions
of modernization and technical re-equipment of
production
The article explores the problems of improving the efficiency of supply and sales activities of agricultural producers; the set of events to improve the efficiency of supply and sales activities is presented by three main groups, the first of which is associated with the development of infrastructure support (it extends the opportunities of economic entities by selecting the best channels and timing of the implementation of the production and acquirement of resources), the second is associated with the development of the sale and supply cooperatives (it allows you to consolidate your interests, to minimize distribution costs and provides more favorable conditions of realization of production and purchase of material resources), the third is associated with the increase of management efficiency of supply and sales activities (it ensures the growth of efficiency and quality of the most adopted managerial decisions, minimizes risks and mistakes in the choice of behavior model an economic entity on the market) it justifies the thesis that the increase in the efficiency of the supply and sale activities at the economic entity level resulted from the development of information system management, eventually, will bring additional direct and indirect economic benefits is justified, the methodology of the basis of optimal logistics centers' network that implements potato storage and pre-sale preparation functions, which at the first stage involves defining the volume of commercial potato in terms of districts, at the second stage - justifying potentially advantageous placement of logistics centers taking into account the location of transport hubs and the production volume of potato in the surrounding areas, at the third stage - working out of the economic and mathematical model for optimization of logistics centers taking into account the different level of security requirements storages while minimizing traffic volumes of potatoes put in storage
The article deals with the organization of the management of development of agro-economic systems at various levels, assesses the existing approaches to the localization of the management object in relation to agroeconomic systems, points out that agriculture is most often designated as managed subsystems as a part of the national economy, agro-voluntary complexes as territorial-sectoral formations of different levels, cluster type structures, integrated agro-industrial structures and allied other types of agricultural producers, farms of different categories, agricultural production and agrarian potential of rural areas conclude that radical economic reforms have led to the destruction of the agro-industrial complex as a single entity of public administration and transformation of a multilevel system of management of agricultural production and caused the loss of controllability of the agrarian sector, it is pointed out that the restoration of manageability by agricultural production can be it is ensured by consolidating the efforts of all economic agents of agrarian relations: the state (federal, regional and municipal authorities), branch unions and associations, corporate integrated units, consumer cooperatives and economic entities of all categories (agricultural organizations, peasant (farm) households, farms population), describes a set of principles governing the process of forming the management system of agricultural production, the results are given systematization of management tasks, the essence of the management mechanism is revealed, it is proved that, due to the generality of management functions and a certain uniformity of managerial activity, the similarity of information flows ensuring the rational interrelation of subjects and management objects in the process of realizing these functions is observed, and a certain level of typicality of information flows creates objective prerequisites for the formation of a typical system of information support for the management of economic entities of specific types
The article analyzes the development of the insurance
with state support and the dynamics of the volume of
subsidies for compensation of part of expenses of
agricultural producers for payment of insurance
premiums accrued in the contract of agricultural
insurance. We have identified structural and logical
connection of the elements in the modern system of
support regional development programs of
agriculture. We have also observed accompanying
the process of state support of the problem. The
authors state that it requires new methodological
approaches to determination of loss (death) of the
crop for the payment of insurance claims
The article examines the socio-psychological,
sociological, and psychological methods of
management and also creation of a favorable
psychological climate in the team and methods of
influence on the staff. The evaluation of the system of
management and incentives of staff was performed on
the example of Bezopasnost company
Most of the tasks of planning and organizing transport
routes are pointed to solving optimization problems
on graphs in multi-criteria statements, for which the
only optimal solution is missing. In conditions of
multicriteria, it becomes necessary to search for a set
of alternatives instead of an optimum. The quality of
the admissible solutions is estimated by the vector
objective function. The article proposes to investigate
the problem using a special class of graphs -
prefractal graphs, which allow describing in a natural
way the structure of the hierarchy of territorial links,
as well as enable to take into account structural
dynamics in terms of system growth. A multicriteria
mathematical formulation of the problem of covering
a prefractal graph by simple intersecting chains is
constructed, to which the investigated problem of
organizing routes in large-scale transport networks
reduces. The main social and economic requirements
for the transport system are formulated and included
in the model in the form of criteria
The article presents theoretical and practical provisions for improvement of small business in agriculture: two blocks of small businesses’ features in agriculture are justified: first block is related to the sectoral specifics and its characteristic for both large and small forms of management; while second block is exclusively associated with the specific characteristics of small business; the forecast of small business development in agriculture is calculated, according to which the number of farms can decrease insignificantly; the number of cattle and cows in farms will increase, meanwhile it will decrease in private households; the number of sheep in the farms may slightly decrease, while at the same time the number of sheep in the households will increase; the number of birds in farms can increase, while it will decrease at households. This article presents the forecast of volumes and structure of small business, in accordance with which: the dynamics of households’ farming can increase both in crop and livestock production; the dynamics of production in farms will be observed, the structure of production by forms of management will remain unchanged; specific share of agricultural production by types in small farms is justified. Measures of improving the subsidizing and lending mechanism for small business and CRTs in agriculture are justified