The article discusses and explains the similarity of organizational, structural and functional «solutions» at different system stages of the evolutionary development presented in nature and society. It is shown that at any level of biological organisation transition to a new stages of evolutionary development is implemented not only via «classical» individual changes (adaptations) of the particular organisms, but also by means of: 1) integration of organisms into the new systems of «superorganisms», 2) the differentiation of their functions or the division of labor, and 3) the development of internal and external communication, integrated into the overall communication system, ranging from single cells to ecological and social communication. The article argues that the distinctive characteristic of the present stage of evolution is cumulative cultural evolution of complex social systems that support (scaffold) the development of their individuals, through learning processes. It is shown that such social systems still have structural and functional isomorphism with biological systems; however, their reproduction and transmission implemented predominantly through more developed in the human community non-genetic inheritance systems, the advanced division of labour and distributed cognition.
The problem of human freedom as an existential
phenomenon. It analyzes the current reality, where the
average person with a conformist attitude was unable
to speculate about genuine freedom. It reveals the
practical sense of philosophizing, as a necessary
process of formation of the inner freedom of the
individual
The article aims to reveal general and specific features in the mentality of students of different nations. The author comes to the conclusion that knowledge of mentality of students of different nationalities is a precondition for their successful learning in the multicultural environment of the military institution, the effective interaction with the faculty
The article considers theoretical and methodological
bases of pedagogical axiology in the educational
environment of the Chuvash Republic. Three stages of
its formation are briefly indicated. Current challenges
in relation to universities are discussed from different
points of view. Conceptions of philosophy of
education as a theoretical and methodological
framework of the cognitive algorithm for foundation
and explanation of the essential features of the holistic
person are clarified. Propositions of pedagogical
axiology in the field of higher education are identified
and defined. Characteristics of elite education are
considered. It is stated that social and cultural potential
formed in the University space of the region is the
basis for predicting the social development taking into
account appropriate understanding of the personality
and his/her culture. It is shown that evaluation of the
evolution of education is possible together with
analysis of the discipline of philosophy in education.
Examples of the practical implementation of
pedagogical axiology elements in the educational
space of the Chuvash Republic are given and
systematized
This article discusses the problem of constructing a
General scientific theory. This examines the theoretical
foundations of science and scientific criteria; the study
considers the current situation in science in the context
of the problem of constructing a General scientific
theory
A clarification and interpretation of the philosophical
meaning of the "learned ignorance" doctrine, viewed
from an aspect of a history of philosophy, involves a
necessity to educe a genetic and essential relationship
between the "learned ignorance" principle and the
apophatic tradition of thought. The article describes
the genesis of the "docta ignorantia" principle: it
appeared in a context of theology as a method for
attaining of the knowledge of God. It is this concept
that often forces researchers to restrict the epistemic
potential of the "learned ignorance" principle, leaving
it in limits of negative theology and mystics. However
after investigating the difference between the
philosophical and the religious understanding of
theology the authors of the article interpret the
paradigm of the "learned ignorance" to be a
fundamental philosophic principle of thought and
cognition. Nowadays it is widely accepted, that the
paradigm of the "learned ignorance" in it's classical
form originates from the apophatic tradition. The
article points out, that the representative examples of
apophaticism, which could be found in the christian
theology, on the one hand, were based on a solid
philosophic tradition (predominantly platonic and
neoplatonic), and on the other hand, did not complete a
spread in a world philosophic thought of a definite
(apophatic) tradition, which had an intimate
connection with the paradigm of the "learned
ignorance", postulating as it's main intention a
seemingly paradoxical comprehension of the Absolute,
supposed to be absolutely incomprehensible.
The results of the scientific research in a field, thus
defined, are presented briefly in this article
THE PROBLEM OF READING AND WRITING IN THE CONTEXT OF A POETICS AND PRAGMATICS OF PHILOSOPHICAL TEXTS
The article considers the problem of reading and
writing that is topical for the modern philosophy of
the text. Philosophical text in modern humanitarian
science is considered from the perspective of two of
its functions – poetic and pragmatic. The poetic
function of the text related to the structure of the text
and the cultural and social role of the author in the
process of "production". The pragmatic function of
the text assumes its "consumption" by the reader, as
well as the process of communication between author
and reader. This article describes the results of
research "the author function" in the humanitarian
culture of the twentieth century. Modern analysts,
such as R. Barthes, M. Foucault and Eco are talking
about the "death of the author", so the term “letter”
replaces the concept of text in modern culture. In this
regard, the role of the reader increases, not only as a
"recipient" of the text, but also as his collaborator.
The reader interprets the text, providing the space of
its cultural consumption and reproduction in modern
society. The key mechanism for such reproduction
can be called "hypertext" because it corresponds to
the understanding of the text from the perspective of
structuralism, and from the perspective of modern
information society. In the article we make a
conclusion about the necessity of further research in
this direction
Only the rational, normally functioning legislation is
able to afford free exchange of information,
respectively and normal functioning of cultural
institutions, and creation of effective social
technologies and effective functioning of democratic
society, as such. It only emphasizes its special social
importance both for the country in general, and for
each hotel citizen as cultural values cause internal
stability of society, being its spiritual basis, its toposy.
And the library science which is determined as - an
industry of information, cultural, educational activities
of society that includes education and development of
libraries, forming and handling of library stocks, the
organization of library, information and library and
bibliographic servicing of users of libraries,
preparation of library personnel, scientific and
methodical ensuring development of libraries has
special value in this aspect. The emphasized attention
to a library science and people who work in
organizations of libraries can be seen in the
Presidential decree of Ukraine "About establishment
of All-Ukrainian day of libraries" from 5/14/1998 No.
71/98 and which is directed as it is told in the Decree
on increase of a role of the book in social and political
and historical and cultural life of the population of
Ukraine, and also on the problem resolution of
development of a library science. Thus, it is possible
to conclude that in Ukraine there are developments the
legislation, both for needs of the most library science,
and for implementation of free exchange of
information within the country and beyond its limits.
That, in turn, can be a basis as for creation, application
and effective use of social technologies, and for
further development of the cultural sphere of society
The article studies the works of the theorists of postindustrial
and information concepts of the society’s
development. The author thoroughly examines the role
of these paradigms in shaping perceptions of the
modern socio-cultural space. He notes the high
prognostic value of the studies for understanding the
phenomenon of the Network society. The author draws
attention to the fact that they cannot fully describe the
current state of social space and do not have the
required methodological diversity. It is noted that new
ways of thinking and organizing objects of the virtual
environment are required. According to the author, it is
important to designate the information as one of the
priority components of the transformation process in
society. Technology and the Internet mediated
communication creates a new type of social relations,
switching attention to the creation of social
communications as a play environment of interactions.
Compression of the space-time continuum described in
terms of information and global social space
redirection, helps to comprehend the locality, mosaic
and fragmentation of the occurring type of sociality.
This phenomenon appears due to the involvement of
individuals in the total communication system that
turns out to be the cultural manipulation, affecting the
needs and behavior in all spheres of life, as the
information acquires the ability to program. Internet
creates the illusion of fullness of socially demanded
actions and expectations. The article shows that the
interest in the phenomenon of image reality is
increasingly growing among the social thinkers, who
see it as the future state of the social space. The author
draws attention to the fact that the development of the
online world is defined by the main task of the modern
human sciences, the solution of which is carried out by
the ordering and value ranging the virtualization
phenomena, by the optimization of methods of control
over the interaction of real and virtual realities
The article deals with the spiritual autonomy of
religious consciousness as a cultural phenomenon in
the context of everyday life in the hermeneutic aspect.
For understanding the basics of spiritual autonomy of
religious consciousness it is necessary to analyze the
language of religion, in this case, based on the concept
of culture code using hermeneutic methods in the
civilized and cultural-historical approaches, focusing
on the unity of objectivity and subjectivity, to meet
with the image of a different culture and its values