Hereby we substantiate the necessity of social
philosophical analysis of power phenomena as due to
power relations' change a human being and his values
also transform. A knowledge convertation into power
recourse has become a reason for authority
humanization and democracy thus leading to total
humans enslavement. People's intentions in aims
achievement, their effectiveness and high level of
organization let the authority not only manage them
but also produce «obedient bodies». The authority area
or in other words «focused» territory, or already
experienced human activities and existing terms grow
and widens. New social benefits and mobile shapes
disconnected with «place» and territory appear. Thus,
the «authority deterritorization» leads to the
responsibility refusal for any actions and effective
management consequences. New authority shapes start
being exhibited as total control abolishment, where a
person gains absolute choice of freedom solving his
vital problems but without being supplied with choice
bases. In today's world an authority, whose mission is
to protect humans from anarchy, chooses risk as a new
management paradigm. The mentioned reasons' entity
depersonalizes the power relations where not only
subordinates but also authorities become impersonal,
where «authority subjects disappear». The
contemporary authority research works by Alvin
Toffler, Michel Foucault, Sigmund Bauman, focusing
at power relations, determine the authority nature as an
indefinite, newly shape taking and remoted from its
final research definition
The aim of the article is to demonstrate binarism as a
method of theoretical perception. First of all, the
authors define the initial concept of binarism as a
principle of differentiating binary oppositions which
came from philology into other sciences. Then, they
stipulate the application conditions of binarism as a
methodological principle, namely, both members of
the opposition are stipulated, however, reasoning
should not contain such logical mistakes as ‘defining
through negation’ and ‘range of evidence’.
Subsequently, logic of description is connected with
stipulation of the ‘life’ concept, first, philosophically,
then, using propositions of some natural sciences,
namely, biological and, further on, physical and
astrophysical definitions. Every time the authors use
binary principle in describing these propositions. So,
every time it becomes evident that if death can be
defined as absence of life, the concept of life requires
another approach, based on positive statements, which
is also hard to do as it leads the researchers to the limit
‘nothing’ – ‘everything’; ‘not being’ – ‘being’. The
results of the article have double nature. As the aim of
the investigation was to demonstrate application
features of the definite methodological principle,
representation of the material may be considered as
the aim achievement. In addition, in the concluding
part the authors draw a line, formulating theoretical
propositions, which concern both natural science and
philosophical argumentation
In the article we present the analysis of criteria of the
validity of knowledge of the subjective world of living beings
This article represents a review of achievements of post-war Norwegian philosophy. The author analyses the most current issues and tendencies for philosophers in Norway. Here is introduced several new sources that had not been engaged in Russian science before
The archetypes of knights and nobility are alive and
exist nowadays. The question is how this influence is
carried out qualitatively and quantitatively as far as it
is obvious and what ways of its influence. We will
consider interaction of the medal organizations with
society and penetration of their archetypes in centuries
today. The fullest concept of the Award was developed
now by Maxim Kalashnikov (Kucherenko Vladimir
Aleksandrovich). And the purpose of it of "An award
of new sword-bearers" is revival of Russia, as
independent imperial state. It is possible to assume that
the word "Award" turns on some mechanisms hidden
in us leading to realization of its archetype, and then
and its development, so to speak "germination of
seeds" in centuries, and even the millennia. As the
material carrier of archetypes various structures can
act. For example, it can be the genetic level which is
shown in a complex, multicircuit and multilevel
structure of human mentality, so and a brain. It can be
also field structures which accumulate information and
in which a brain of the person only the send-receive
device and the antenna, proceeding from that, for
example, that the nature of planetary superreason is the
integrated association of physical fields what in due
time V.I. Vernadsky closely approached
The anthropologism is traditionally considered the
main feature of Russian philosophy. The article
reviews some anthropological ideas that have received
natural development in such direction of thought as
philosophical realism in the 2nd part of XIX century.
Philosophical realism is positioned as a trend that has
emerged within the mainstream of the basic traditions
of Russian philosophy. It is noted that this direction is
defined as an independent, in the wake of the
strengthening of Russian science as a new cognitive
paradigm. Substantively, philosophical realism is
presented with the theories and concepts of the natural
sciences developed in the 2nd part of XIX century.
The realistic outlook, ripening in the Science
environment, not only supported the anthropological
tradition of Russian thought but put them on a
scientific basis. It was dominated by the view that only
by using scientific methods can reveal the objective
laws of coexistence between man, nature and society.
The article deals with the anthropological theories of
Russian thinkers such as A.N. Radishchev,
A.I. Galich, N.G. Chernyshevsky. The anaysis shows
that realistic outlook in the natural sciences in the area
of human theory relies on the principles of integrity,
panmoralizm, cosmism. The conclusion is that the
philosophical concepts by realistic scientists are out of
attention of modern scholars. In the meantime, the
study of these theories can make a significant
contribution to the practical experience of
comprehension of reality, as well as help to discover
new sides of the domestic, national philosophy
Contemporary philosophical thought is able to find
modern trends of development. The traditional
materialistic and idealistic model turns out archaic and
platitudinous. It is necessary to work out appropriate
forms of reflection. In addition, a need exists for
including the interpretation of being actual
fundamental research. The history of Russian thought
reveals that in the end of XIX century, when
intellectual crisis was occurred, it was formed such
philosophical trend as realism. The grounds of realism
were the achievements of natural science on the one
hand and on the other were the revolutionarydemocratic
ideas of «the Sixties». Realism being
aimed at the reinterpretation and transformation of
practical life on the real foundations set itself the task
to study the actual reality. Therefore, philosophical
realism has received an active development in a
domestic science. Natural scientists argued correlative
unity of material and ideal in nature. Idealism was
regarded as speculative (insignificant) philosophy and
materialism was as a limitation of the cognitive space
of being and nature. The advantages of philosophical
realism are rationalism, syncretism, and criticism.
Realism is a trend of thought which has not yet
evolved and can be productive in resolving modern
problems
In the focus of the article we have the philosophical
concept of the outstanding scientist and social activist
V.M. Behterev, which is considered as philosophical
realism. Philosophical realism is a trend of Russian
intellectual thought. It aims to study the nature and the
man is substantial part of which. In this way, the
realism is based on the anthropological tradition.
Realistic ideology, which is developed by scientists,
indicates the comprehension of the relationship of
material and ideal in nature. To designate such
connection the author proposes the concept of
"philosophical conversion". Behterev's theory is
positioned as a particular expression of philosophical
realism in nature science, and it is termed by
"evolutionary monism". It means a correlative
connection of a total processes in nature. By analyzing
the philosophical views of the scientist, the author
concludes that psychic energy appears as a correlate of
material and ideal and it is intermediated by humans.
Psychic energy like other forms of energy is never
destroyed and provides a social immortality of the
man. The accumulation of mental energy leads to the
creation of higher moral being named «progenerativ».
The realistic concept of Behterev is interesting both a
historical point of view and in the context of
contemporary interdisciplinary efforts to comprehend
the "second reality" of man, namely a virtual reality
The article raises the issue related with some functioning features of modern science. Special attention is paid to the process of interaction between science, production and education. The science role in reproduction and development of modern productive forces is in creating the productive forces in the form of knowledge and transfer them from this form into real factors of material production. This process is carried out by implementing in the material production technical, technological and nontechnical innovations through the system (or canal) of implementation by the reproduction of qualitative features of the human resources in the system of general, special and higher professional education. It is should be noted that in modern globalization conditions both production means, human resources and social productive forces are reproduced neither spontaneously nor even with use of the common mind, but on the ground of transference of the productive forces created, first of all, in the form of scientific knowledge to the material productive forces. The structures providing such transference and simultaneously mediating the connection of science with material production are the implementing system and educational system
Heterotopia, according to M. Foucault, is the space
beyond all others, the space in which there are no
familiar laws and regulations to the subject. It is
obvious that behavioral stereotypes in such
circumstances are undergoing all sorts of changes.
People entering the heterotopia (especially in frontier
heterotopia), is forced to adapt to new conditions and
somehow the so-called act of transgression, i.e. to
overstep the limits of the traditional behavior. It
raises epistemological significance of the study of
heterotopic transgression. The author, using
Foucauldian approach to heterotopia, analyzes
various forms of transgression, for the first time their
classification is given. However, special attention is
paid to religious transgressions, as heterotopic space
often give ground for the emergence of new religious
movements, branches, and sometimes even new
religious systems. The author concludes that acts of
transgression are a form of reaction to a meeting with
an Alien in new for the subject of transgression
conditions, which gives him the opportunity to adapt
successfully to changing environmental conditions.
All this corresponds to basic instincts of survival of
the individual