N. M. Sokolov was the chief architect of Rostov-onDon
city and as well as the author of the concept of
architectural preferences continuity of a "brick style"
at the end of XIX- beginning XX centuries that is
presented in the article. The author assumes that the
creative method of the architect was affected by the
childhood and youth when he lived in Baltic and also
the beginning of architectural and art activity of the
master taking place in Riga. The author investigates
the architectural development of the Baltic region,
taking in attention that the value of N. M. Sokolov’s
architectural creations has deep roots hidden in the
development of architectural tradition of Baltic and in
particular Riga where the master of a neogothic style
of Rostov was born. The author reveals the main
distinctive features of the Baltic architecture, the
Gothic principle formation in the Baltic in terms of
development of cities and cult sights of Riga and their
transformation from the late Gothic into mannerism
and neogothic style, the influence of cult Lutheran
tradition on cult orthodox architecture. The author
also considers construction materials of cult
architecture, local design features of architecture of
the Latvian people. The concepts "northern gothic
style", "brick style" are revealed from the point of
view of development of a Gothic form and influence
of Medieval architecture on N. M. Sokolov's
creativity
N. M. Sokolov was the chief architect of Rostov-on-Don
city and as well as the author of the concept of
architectural preferences continuity of a "brick style" at
the end of XIX- beginning XX centuries that is presented
in the article. The author assumes that the creative
method of the architect was affected by the childhood and
youth when he lived in Baltic and the beginning of
architectural and art activity of the master taking place in
Riga. The author investigates the architectural
development of the Baltic region, taking in attention that
the value of N. M. Sokolov’s architectural creations has
deep roots hidden in the development of architectural
tradition of Baltic and in particular Riga where the master
of a neogothic style of Rostov was born. The author
reveals the main distinctive features of the Baltic
architecture, the Gothic principle formation in the Baltic
in terms of development of cities and cult sights of Riga
and their transformation from the late Gothic into
mannerism and neogothic style, the influence of cult
Lutheran tradition on cult orthodox architecture. The
author also considers construction materials of cult
architecture, local design features of architecture of the
Latvian people. The concepts "northern gothic style",
"brick style" are revealed from the point of view of
development of a Gothic form and influence of Medieval
architecture on N. M. Sokolov's creativity
The article considers the development of a model of
gradual formation of individual creative method of
an architect in the propaedeutic level since preuniversity
stage (with the involvement of distance
training) and its continuity of the first courses of
architectural disciplines in high school in terms of
the Rostov school of architecture. There have been
examined some studies by Nechaev N.N. and
Sulimenko S.D. at the architectural department of
the Far Eastern Technical University, that have
revealed a non-linear nature of the formation of
spatial thinking and the need to develop a systematic
approach in the propaedeutic phase of training.
These studies formed the basis of a new conceptual
model. A list of the input competence requirements
for applicants entering architectural universities to
ensure the quality of training at university
propaedeutic phase is done. Methodological feature
of the Rostov school of architecture, which is both a
synthesis of problems in the field of threedimensional
composition and design problems is
revealed, as well as a combination of methods of
modeling and manual architectural drawing with
computer graphics (SketchUp, CorelDraw,
Photoshop, AutoCad). The schemes of a number of
separate stages of the formation of individual
creative method of the architect, as well as the
general scheme of the whole conceptual model is
given
Number of population in Krasnodar increased in 1,8 times, but number of seats in cinemas decreased in 2,4 times in comparison from 1970 to 2007. Accessibility radius of the most cinemas doesn’t cover all existing districts of Krasnodar. Substantiation of cinemas types and their amount with an account of norms are given in the article.
In the context of nano-technological history, some
possibilities of nano-powders possibilities are
discovered. Through a very high dispersal property
they remain on different surfaces, chemical neutral,
withheld high temperature, not very expensive to treat
surfaces in the process of hydrofobisation, non toxic.
Some perspectives to use nano-powders in many fields
of industry are discussed
The article describes a scientific hypothesis about
architectural and spatial identity of a medieval fortress
at the mouth of the river Godlih and of the Humara
settlement on the Kuban river. It is revealed that the
planning structure and spatial organization of these
medieval monuments are similar and consist of three
parts each: the citadel, the fortress and the open
settlement. The citadel was a monumental multi-tiered
tower surrounded by a courtyard and a defensive wall.
The fortress perimeter was surrounded by a defensive
wall fortified with square towers. The open settlement
had no artificial fortifications, and was located in a
remote place in the vicinity of the citadel and the
fortress. The architecture and construction of the walls
and towers of both castles are made in the tradition of
the Byzantine building culture. Stone setting of the
walls and towers of the fortresses represent a veneer
made with armored rows of stones with the backing
made with crushed stone in lime-stone mortar between
them. Because the fortress at the mouth of the river
Godlih was badly damaged during the construction of
the Tuapse-Adler railway, we can, basing on the
analogy revealed, carry out a hypothetical
reconstruction, that will serve as a theoretical
justification for its restoration and museums
Experience of leading architectural schools and faculties of the country on the integration of propaedeutic course with fundamentals of architectural design in early stages of education is described in the article. The technique of the relationship between composition and specific design tasks, implemented in Rostov architectural school is presented here. The schemes of the phased teaching of students of architectural specialties by the example of the first three course works
The specificity of the Byzantining direction in
architecture of Romania at the end of XIX- the first
half of XX is determined by the presence of two lines:
indirect using of Byzantine elements in secular
architecture and the "pure" Byzantine style in the
architecture of temples. The article is devoted to
identifying the particularities of stylistic evolution of
Byzantining direction of Romanian architecture in the
way of the church construction. Romanian researchers
follow to the division of national style into three
stages (1886-1906; 1906-1918; 1918- the beginning
of 1940)based on socio-political events of 1906-1918
years. Recognizing the certainty of this view the
author offers to define it in relation tot he Byzantining
direction of the church construction and highlight in
its stylistic evolution the following stages: the last
third of XIX century is the late historicism; the end of
XIX- the end of 1910 s –modern; 1920 s-the first half
of 1930s-the interaction of the trends of late
historicism, art Deco and partly of functionalism,mid-
1930s - early 1940s-functionalism;the influence of
expressionism. In the article the peculiarities of the
development of the Byzantine heritage in the temple
architecture of Romania have been seen, the medieval
prototypes of voluminous and spatial compositions
and décor have revealed. The Byzantine style in the
architecture of Romania, formed in the tideway of
European trends on the base of the Byzantine
components of medieval Romanian architecture,
became one of the way of solving the problem of
national self-identification and leading due to its
supranational empire character in expressing the idea
of state unity by means of architecture