Within the Terek-Sunzha gas area we have identified patterns, most of which are divided into blocks in some cases with large amplitude shear. The processes of destruction of structures took place during the period of their formation and the subsequent time and due to the strong and catastrophic earthquakes. The article provides a statistical analysis of strong earthquakes in this region during the period 1688-2008 and the regularities of their existence. It is shown that the maximum number of earthquakes took place during the period of the depths of 5-12 km and the distribution of the number of strong earthquakes at levels subject to certain matematical patterns. With regard to the analysis of the distribution of earthquakes in a single year in the whole of the globe, we obtained the correlation of the displacement of rocks from levels of existence of earthquakes and possible displacement of rocks to very catastrophic earthquakes. We have also given the forecast frequency and the number of strong catastrophic earthquakes for the period from the beginning of the formation of structures up to the present time. We assessed maximum displacements of rock blocks during this time, which is in good agreement with the actual values of the displacement of rock blocks
The structural and functional properties of humic acids of different types of poorly studied soils of the Krasnodar Region: ordinary black soil or chernozem (carbonated), meadowish chernozem and gray forest soils are investigated. We define the type of humus of the soil samples studied as fulvate-humate. Using traditional indicators of humus soil conditions the regularities of soil and ecological processes involving organic matter in soils under natural and anthropogenically factorial changes in the monitoring sites are revealed. The relationship of the optical properties of humic acids with the intensity of the processes of transformation of humic substances by increasing the depth of the soil sample is shown. By NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and spectrophotometry in the visible spectrum differences and similarities in the structure of macromolecules of humic acids in soil samples. In terms of soil contamination with oil in a field experiment, on the monitoring site we have set a trend towards to redistribution in the ratio of functional groups of humic acid macromolecules: the proportion of aliphatic fragments increases. We have revealed an increase in the share of the mobile fraction of humic substances in terms of oil pollution. The article has the most suitable justification for these processes. The results can be used for prediction the environmental state of the soil under anthropogenic pollution
The chemical composition of neogen-quaternary, paleogene, cretaceous and paleozoic aquifer systems in the Ob-Tomskoye interfluves area is presented in the article. The water saturation with respect to secondary minerals is described. Authors show that the waters of all studied aquifer systems are saturated with respect to montmorillonites and calcite in a less degree. The geochemical water types are identified and their distribution is described
Prospects of development of oil-extracting branch of the Krasnodar region are connected with continuation of prospecting works and search drilling in a zone of transit of the Kuban River and water areas of the Black and Azov seas. In the existing normative documents about technical researches we didn't find reflection of the rule of works on platforms of capital construction of wells on the earth and in transitional conditions. The technique of studying of engineering-geological features of territories of oil and gas fields is offered. Regional and zone factors of engineering-geological conditions of oil and gas fields are established. Engineering-geological structures are allocated. Additional types of technical researches are defined
The article considers the issue of increasing the accuracy of filling geodetic networks of quadrangles with measured by the parties by increasing the number of conditional equations. We have considered the three variants of placement of additionally measured diagonals of the squares. The results improve the
accuracy in the determination of coordinates of points within the network, due to these additional measured elements
The article presents the weighting function for the points within the geodetic network. The obtained system of equations is solved by the method of least squares. In the result of solving the system of equations we found the original formula for calculation of reverse weights of any point in the geodetic network