Scientific Journal of KubSAU

Polythematic online scientific journal
of Kuban State Agrarian University
ISSN 1990-4665
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240 kb

DYNAMICS OF EGG PRODUCTION IN CHICKENS OF VARIOUS BREEDS OF BIORESOURCE COLLECTIONS

abstract 1371803037 issue 137 pp. 230 – 237 30.03.2018 ru 231
The production of eggs is one of the most important indicators of the productivity of poultry, including chickens The main purpose of breeding chickens in the collections of genetic resources - conservation of genetic diversity. The chickens from the collection of genetic resources it is also possible to receive products, for example, in the form of eggs. The account of the egg productivity of the chickens showed that the intensity of egg production varies among representatives of different directions of productivity. The most stable egg-laying was possessed by chickens of breeds New Hampshire, Black Australian, Dutch white. These breeds are bred as breeds of egg direction of productivity. But they are characterized by long downturns in egg production, lasting more than 7 days. Chickens of meat direction by stable, but low intensity of egg production. All the chickens had a short period For all chickens a short period is characteristic, when the egg-laying is kept at a certain level. It is 30-40 days, after which there is a gradual decrease in this indicator. Such a high level of genetic diversity in egg production in gene pool makes it possible to use this bird as a model object for studying its features
318 kb

THE SPREAD OF COLIBACTERIOSIS OF PIGS IN THE KRASNODAR REGION

abstract 1361802029 issue 136 pp. 179 – 188 28.02.2018 ru 263
The article presents data on the prevalence of colibacillosis of pigs in farms of the Krasnodar region in the period 2010-2016. Colibacillosis is widespread in pig farms of the Krasnodar region. In different years, it was recorded at 32.6 - 55.6% of bacterial infectious diseases of pigs. And only in 2013-2014, in farms of the region colibacillosis was not registered. Among the bacterial pathology, colibacillosis in pigs in the farms of the Krasnodar region is in the first place after staphyloccocus (3 - 15 %), streptoccocus (2-13,7 %), and diseases caused by conditionally pathogenic microflora (17,9-20 %). In the Krasnodar region, we annually allocate different serotypes of E. Coli that vary depending on areas and farms, however, regularly in pigs in the Krasnodar region there are the following serotypes: A8, О20, О119, О26, О86 in Bryukhovetskiy, Dinskoy, Kalininskiy, Korenovskiy, Kurganinskiy, Kushchevskaiy, Labinskiy regions of the Krasnodar territory. According to the reports of outbreaks, colibacillosis in pigs for several years were recorded in the Central, Korenovskiy, Kushchevskaya, Labinskiy, Primorsko-Akhtarskiy, Seversky, Slavyanskiy, Tbilisskiy, Timashevskiy, Ust-Labinskiy districts of the Krasnodar region and in the city of Krasnodar. After 2013-2014, after the total absence of the disease in the region, there were reported outbreaks in 2015 in some farms in the Timashevskiy district, and in 2016 – in Kurganinskiy
147 kb

PREVENTION OF VIOLATIONS OF METABOLISM IN FRESH COWS

abstract 1361802030 issue 136 pp. 189 – 200 28.02.2018 ru 466
The main diseases of lactating cows occur in the first two months of lactation, i.e. during the production peak of productivity. They are caused by the changes in metabolism during the transition period, which are not supported by adequate changes in the organization of feeding, or rather sufficient to ensure cows with nutrients, which causes a number of closely related diseases. To allocate any of them is not possible, as their manifestation depends on a number of reasons, and depending on situation may prevail one or the other. Among the most common diseases, there are ketosis, milk fever (paresis of maternity), dysplasia of the abomasum, acidosis, mastitis, endometritis, laminitis and leukemia. These diseases cause the greatest problems in herds with high productivity, and are caused by changes in metabolism in cows in the transition period and the inability to properly feed the animals at this time. To identify the causes of these diseases we do not need to study each of them individually - it is enough to deal with the peculiarities of metabolism. This period includes the month before calving and the first or second month of lactation, but the most important are 3 weeks before calving and 3 weeks later. In order to prevent metabolic disorders there were developed and tested feed for feeding cows before calving and immediately after calving. Their effect was studied on milk production and health status
154 kb

BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF GOLSHTINSKY YOUTH OF AUSTRALIAN SELECTION

abstract 1361802031 issue 136 pp. 201 – 214 28.02.2018 ru 333
The article presents results of a comparative study of the experimental groups of Holstein animals belonging to the Reflection Sovering line: four groups of repair calves and four groups of bull-calves. The peculiarities of their growth and development were studied at higher daily rates of drinking milk and early training of experimental animals to plant feeds with a probiotic supplement of cellobacterins in the milk period. The technology of growing the animals of the experimental groups had differences: I-control group - up to 6 months of age was grown according to the traditional technology for farming: 200 kg of milk (for 50 days) and 400 kg of return (from 50 to 110 days), concentrated feeds consisted of starter feed (50%) and (50%) maize, the same amount of concentrated feed and the same composition was obtained by calves from experimental groups; II-test group - up to 6 months of age received an increased amount of milk (for 25 days) - 200 kg and 400 kg of return (from 25 to 60 days); animals of the III-rd experimental group - up to 6-month-old age received an increased rate of milk drinking (for 50 days) - 450 kg and return (from 50 to 110 days): heifers - 600, bulls -800kg. Animals of the IV-experimental group-up to 6 months of agereceived an increased rate of milking (for 60 days) - 450 kg and return (from 60 to 120 days): heifers - 600, bulls -800 kg. The calves of all experimental groups were fed a probiotic preparation of cellobacterin in an amount of 3 g for each animal up to 18 months of age. The live weight changed significantly depending on the age and the level of feeding of the experimental animals. The use in the feeding of calves of experimental groups of increased daily average milk yields and the addition of a probiotic to cellobacterin in the diet positively influenced the growth and development of experimental young animals, promoted a more intensive increase in live weight
144 kb

CHARACTERISTICS OF HELMINTH INFECTIONS OF AMERICAN MINK (MUSTELA VISON), RACCOON (PROCYON LOTOR) AND WOLF (CANIS LUPUS) ON THE TERRITORY THE NORTH-WESTERN CAUCASUS

abstract 1361802032 issue 136 pp. 215 – 225 28.02.2018 ru 234
This article is devoted to the study of the species structure of helminths of the American mink, raccoon and wolf, conducted from 2006 to 2017. The study was subjected to 69 corpses of American mink - 30 of reed-bed, 22 flat, 17 of the Piedmont; 42 dead raccoon to 21 of the foothill and mountain; 24 corpse of the wolf - 8 from overflow land, foothill and mountain landscape-geographical zones of the Northwest Caucasus. The analysis of the results of the study showed that the determining factor in the formation of helminthocenoses of American mink, raccoon and wolf is the species structure of trophic-epizootic chains, the links of which are these predators, as well as species that act as intermediate, additional and reservoir hosts. Feature of helminthiases in carnivorous mammals is determined by a group of fodder. A dynamic increase in the number of species in the structure of helminthocenoses of American mink, raccoon and wolf was established, which is due to the anthropogenic transformation of natural ecosystems, violation of historical biotic relationships, including in the "parasite-host" system. The analyzed species of wild carnivores are involved in the support and formation of natural foci of such hazardous parasites as metros, Alaris, pseudamphistomum, mesocestoides, echinococcosis, trichinosis, dirofilariosis
935 kb

PRODUCTIVE AND BREEDING QUALITIES OF COWS OF AYRSHIRE AND HOLSTEIN BREEDS IN THE CONDITIONS OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES

abstract 1361802033 issue 136 pp. 226 – 245 28.02.2018 ru 255
Currently, in the Krasnodar region the indicators of cow productivity are steadily increasing. This was facilitated by two factors: the improvement of animal genetics and the introduction of innovations in technology. Novoplastunovskoe is one of the first farms, which paid much attention to a significant change in the technology of dairy cattle. Work began with the construction of barns "light type" with walls in the form of opening curtains for the American project. The premises are equipped with "boxes" for individual rest of animals with bedding in the form of sand; automatic heated water logs; on the roof there is a transparent skate, providing an increase in lighting and additional ventilation; ceiling fans and additional water sprinklers are installed to regulate the microclimate. The milking parlor is equipped with high-tech equipment and is integrated with the Israeli computer program “AfiFarm”. Research was carried out on an estimation of zoohygienic conditions in the winter and summer periods; the technology of processing and clearing sand - bedding for animals is studied; the interior and exterior characteristics of the cows of the Ayrshire and Holstein breeds adapted to the new conditions have been determined; with the help of the computer program “AfiFarm”, the dynamics of single and daily milk yields, the content of fat and protein in milk; calculated economic indicators of milk production from different breeds of animals
146 kb

HORMONAL INDUCTION OF THE STAGE OF EXCITATION OF THE SEXUAL CYCLE IN COWS AND HEIFERS

abstract 1361802034 issue 136 pp. 246 – 256 28.02.2018 ru 314
The article gives mechanisms of the influence of the main sex hormones on the sexual cycle of cows and heifers and the effectiveness of their insemination. The effectiveness of gonadotropin preparations releasing hormone, prostaglandin and progesterone, used to induce sexual hunting, was studied. The use of combined use of hormones and prostaglandins is effective for synchronizing sexual hunting, regardless of the stage of the sexual cycle on which healthy animals can be at the time of their administration. The reasons for the retention of the yellow body in the ovary are very diverse. The results of the studies indicate that a particularly close relationship exists between the yellow body and the uterus
606 kb

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES OF OZONE INFLUENCE ON SURVIVAL OF PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS CONTAMINATING INCUBATING EGG SHELL

abstract 1351801009 issue 135 pp. 92 – 112 31.01.2018 ru 298
In the article, there were shown the experimental researches describing the influence of parameters of electrical ozonization of the premises of egg storehouse at concentration of ozone in 20 mg/m3 on survival of following stimulants: S. aureus, S. choleraesuis, P. vulgaris, E. coli. There was determined that ozone has an ability to detain the growth of fungi on biological substrates as well as it slows down the process of mould appearance on egg shell surface even at 90% of relative moisture. The aim of scientific experiment is obtaining of regression models of influence of parameters of electrical ozonization on main sanitary-model microorganisms contaminating the shell of incubation eggs. To assess the effectiveness of ozonization there was adopted the parameter of survival for four main pathogenic microbiological test-objects which predominate on egg shells. The correlation and regression analysis of factors and determination of value of equation coefficients there were conducted using the program STATISTICA 6.1. The correlation analysis was made by the method of Pierson. Approximation was obtained by the method of polynomial. On the results of researches there was determined that the least survival of present test-bacteria at concentration of ozone in 20 mg/m3 is achieved at exposition 84 minutes. So, the rational time the electrical technological process of ozonization of egg storehouse of poultry factories presents the sum of obtained exposition and time of regulation
304 kb

ANALYSIS OF MANIFESTATIONS OF UROLITHIASIS IN CATS

abstract 1351801013 issue 135 pp. 147 – 157 31.01.2018 ru 433
In this work, the authors presented the results of monitoring urolithiasis in cats in Krasnodar in the period from 2016-2017. The authors established the sexual, age and breed predisposition of animals to this pathology; the seasonality of the disease was studied. An analysis of the actual data and reports of various authors made it possible to conclude that urolithiasis in cats is a polyethological disease. As a result of carried out hematological studies, the presence of an inflammatory process, which was manifested by lymphocytopenia, an insignificant increase in neutrophils and monocytes, as well as hematocrit, was ascertained. A laboratory analysis of urine showed that urine, as a rule, is turbid with an admixture of blood and sand, precipitating rapidly. The authors found an increase in the volume of urine in sick animals due to the inability to remove it, the specific gravity fluctuated within the limits of 1.015-1.020; pH = 7.5-8. With microscopy of the urine sediment, both unorganized and organized sediments were detected. The ultrasound examination of the bladder showed the presence in its cavity echo-positive particles in a suspended state, as well as sections of the desquamated mucosa
117 kb

ASSESSMENT OF YOUNG PIGS ON THEIR OWN PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF SPERM

abstract 1351801028 issue 135 pp. 200 – 207 31.01.2018 ru 284
A comprehensive assessment was made of the own productivity of repair pigs and the quality of sperm production of boars of different breeds. Imported boars and mumps had thin bacon 13-15 mm, high early ripeness 145-153 days and a depth of "muscular eye" 53-53.9 mm, indicating an increase in the content of lean meat in the carcass. However, the length of the trunk of the animals was 120 cm, which corresponds to the first class of the instructions for bonitation. There was a significant difference in the growth rate of repair young (about 300 g), which indicates the individual characteristics of animals and the possibility of selecting the best animals for reproduction of the herd. Assessment of pigs by phenotype is an important element of breeding work on complexes. It is established that the quality of sperm production is affected both by the breed and the season of the year: the volume of ejaculate and the concentration of spermatozoa in all breeds are greatest in the autumn-winter period. Boars Maxgro were distinguished by an increased volume of ejaculate, but a low concentration of sperm compared to a large white breed and landrace. During the year, the greatest fluctuations in sperm concentration in large white breed boars were observed ± 133 million / ml, the smallest - Landrace ± 29 million / ml, which contributes to the uniform production of semen doses for insemination
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