Scientific Journal of KubSAU

The article analyzes pot culture as a part of agronomy history. The basic emphasis focuses on plant species diversity, the collection of certain groups of plants and their role in the history of agronomy. The tool of analysis was the visual images of the plants in the paintings of artists of different periods. Earlier, we performed the work on the history of introduction the number of agriculture crops. This approach is a method of visual sketches or notes; it gives a capacious and complete view of the agronomy development, where the illustrations are the paintings. For the analysis, we have created the base of image on the basis on 170 paintings by artists of different periods.The approach used in the work, enables the development of observation, stimulates cognitive function in students and teaches to make comparisons and visual analysis. In the work, on the basis of visual analysis, we show that the spread of flowering plants was conducted very actively in Russia. "Exotic plants" have been firmly established in the Russian farmstead life and became its daily life. Love to plants has no clear social boundaries, everyone has this feeling. Modern approaches are noted in the breeding and preparation of new crops based on tissue culture , genetic engineering, which allow to receive new exotic pot plants, not demanding growing conditions

The educational technology on the basis of the representation of artistic images has been discussed in the article. Fragments of the literature works may serve as an illustration to the formed students' perceptions of the phenomenon, are used as a research problem in the study of the course "History of agronomy." Excerpts from literary works of writers from different periods form the basis of artistic images of crops. The tasks with the description of certain plants taken from the literary work have been developed in the course "History of scientific agronomy" on the topic of the history of plants introduction into agricultural production. The examples of plants: nettles, clover, tobacco, wheat, and the future of the plant of the future were given in the paper. The following topics such as the history of the introduction of agricultural plants, the use of technology, technology of cultivation, the story spread have been considered in the paper. Due to the representation of works of literary art as an educational technology for course «The history of agronomy» in this area, main elements are: perception, reaction, learning, organization and the formation of values and orientation systems practice. Using the works of art allows us to develop the following functions of the educational process: developmental (facilitates search and analysis feature passages describing the history of the plants), motivational (encourages conduct an active search), teaches the basics of popularizing scientific agronomy through artistic expression, teaching observation, developing a productive search and cognitive activity of students

In the article, we discuss issues of morphological and physiological control over plants of winter wheat. As the object of the research, we have selected landraces - the population of winter wheat, which was grown on the territory of the Kuban region in the last century. The aim of this work was determination of the effect on the reproductive system of winter wheat varieties of factors such as conditions of cultivation and processing "Cecece 750" 1.5 l/ha D. V. crop retardant. To achieve this goal we have conducted a morphological analysis of the growth cone at the VI stage of organogenesis, which provide quantitative evaluation of potential future seed production of spike of winter wheat. To study the effect of the year of breeding on the reproductive system of winter wheat varieties the analysis of variance was calculated according to the scheme 3×7 factorial variability characteristic due to the influence of genotype (factor B), cultivation year (factor A), that is repeated in time is interpreted as the effect of the year conditions of cultivation. The influence of retardant on the reproductive system of winter wheat varieties was conducted using the analysis of variance on the above described scheme, 2×7, where the factor "A" is presented in two gradations (options, retardant treated and not treated), in this case, repeated for years was excluded as a factor. The result of researches indicates that the rate of realized productivity is variety-specific and can serve as a measure of the flexibility of the studied cultivars to different environmental conditions. The analysis of variance showed significant retardant effect on the realization of potential productivity in all variants of the crops of soft winter wheat. The comparison of the average general population indicates that the genetic potential of tall varieties may not manifest even in favorable for crop cultivation. The artificial reduction of plant height by inhibiting the growth of retardant is an effective way to identify high productivity of these genotypes as varieties of winter and Nemenchinskaya Old No. 346

The article is devoted to the methods of popularization of knowledge on scientific agronomy that was used in the Soviet period. Methods of visual transmission of information such as postcard, badge, matchbox label, agitation poster, textiles and porcelain, as well as an animated film have been considered. The influence of these methods on the development of agriculture is shown. At the same time, the reverse process is also the effect of the progress and achievements of agriculture on the art of that time. Each method is unique and the article describes the scope and influence of each of them on the society of that time. An extensive database has been collected for each examined method and images analyzed in terms of the history of agronomy and technologies used in agriculture, as well as their use in the popularization of this sector. The use of such methods of information transfer in the present time is noted, both for solving such an urgent problem - increasing the prestige of agriculture, and in the educational process of specialists of this industry. The materials described in the article are recommended for introduction to the course "History and methodology of scientific agronomy". It is shown that the given resources could contain a large number of useful and even unique information, which makes them an object for collection, detailed study and structuring in databases

The phenomenon of fasciation on the example of higher plants was considered. The effect of fasciation on the various particularities of plants has been shown. The numerous examples of the different groups of plants with fasciation bodies are given. We have demonstrated that the phenomenon of fasciation is more common for cultivated plants than for wild. In most cases, fasciation is considered as an exceptional phenomenon. A number of authors have distinguished fasciation to inheritable and non-inheritable. The first is caused by internal reasons. The second is the influence of external factors such as insect damage, injury, weather conditions. The number of regularities was installed: reproductive bodies of plants fasciationing more often; thermophilic forms are more likely to be fasciation. The images of different cultures with fasciation parts are given. We discuss using the introduction of the term ”connаtions” as morphological abnormalities. Fasciation can be considered as a marker trait for the cause of this phenomenon with violation of ecological situation. The plants with morphosis, including fasciation of the certain parts of bodies, can act as indicators of environmental pollution. The study of the phenomenon of fasciation in higher plants can be regarded as a method of breeding for large fruit size. From one side, to establish the adaptation abilities of newly created genotypes. Thus, the phenomenon of fasciation has affected many areas of science. On the other side, it is proof of the violations caused by environmental factors. On the other hand, it is hereditary reasons, and can also serve as a model for studying morphogenesis

In the article, the methods of representation, popularization and propagation of scientific achievements of agronomy in the Soviet period are considered. This topic may be interesting not only as an example of methods for educating young people about the current achievements of agriculture, but also serves as a valuable source of knowledge on the history of agronomy. This article considers the use of such of conveying information as a cartoon. Along with such forms of fine arts as: a poster, textiles, postage stamps and lacquer miniature, a cartoon is an example of data visualization. Having a background of an easy and sometimes jocular narrative, the necessary information is delivered to the viewer. After watching the cartoon, a person who is not previously acquainted with this issue will already have a general idea about it. A specialist, paying attention to details, is able to see and highlight the information necessary for himself, such as history and peculiarities of cultivation of the culture. In this article, as an example, we have considered the Soviet cartoon "Chudesnitsa." It tells about the appearance of corn in our country and the reasons for its sharply increased popularity. The article lists scenes of the cartoon that carry information directly on the history and technologies of agriculture, as well as on the accompanying industry. The effectiveness of this method of information transmission to people of all ages and professions is noted, as well as multitasking of its use in the educational program of specialists

The work considers the method of sketches or visual notes which plays a basic role in the development of training courses. We have focused on the method of sketches as "a variety of visual notes, consisting of handwritten text, drawings, diagrams, figurative elements". For immersion of the student into the subject area or object of study, the visualization of the material is an effective technique of knowledge. Cognitive function is manifested through the ability to know the object by the image and the further formation of ideas about the structure of the material being studied. It is noted, that visual methods and techniques are especially effective in the first stage of researches. Then, there is the collection of material, knowledge of the research object. Types of pumpkins were the object of research, presented the works of artists of different periods. The collection consists of 120 images that were collected in the period from 2012 to 2016. In the work, the attempt is made using the method of visual notes and visual techniques to build images of plants pumpkins which displayed in art works of different centuries and interpreted as "a kind of door" through which we can enter in our area (introduction history of culture, archaeogenetic, developmental biology, the history of selection)

The study of agronomy plants history, its distribution and use through image analysis and iconography have been presented. As an object of study, the image of wheat has been taken as the ancient culture of the world among agricultural plants. After many years, the illustrative series takes on a completely different meaning, namely, it becomes an independent resource of information. The analysis includes images of wheat in painting, sculpture, mosaic, tapestries, murals, botanical illustrations, stamps, porcelain and scientific drawings. In the work, we have made an attempt to analyze the images of wheat in the works of art in order to search for species diversity, directions of selection and genetic research, and also to present the morphological characteristics of culture. The method of analysis is a method of visual notes or sketches, which consists in comparing and searching information by image. The analysis is carried out on grounds: tall wheat, multiflorous forms of wheat, nonspreading, thickness of straw. The visual analysis of the images of wheat in works of art by the method of sketches made it possible to reveal the species diversity of culture along the ear, to see the ancient forms that were cultivated in the world before the "green revolution". The analysis included works of art from the 14th to the 21st century, the masters of painting in Italy, Germany, Russia, the Netherlands, France, the United States, and others

The article deals with agricultural markets through the prism of art. In the work with the help of pictures of artists, like the visual information on the history of agronomy, there were examined questions of introduction of agricultures in Russia, achieving selection works with agricultural plants, as well as we analyzed species diversity of long-bottle lagenaria, bottle gourd and turbanoforms pumpkin crops. Experience in this field has been put into the educational technology as a method of visual sketches or notes. In this approach, students develop cognitive function, since there is the collection of information about the object, in this case of agriculture, its introduction and spread and the changes that it undergoes because of the selection. The electronic database, with 50 works of art from various periods and performed by artists from different countries have been developed. Works of art from ancient times to the present day represent an alternative source of information about the history of agronomy, crop introductions and their spread. Systematic collection of images (iconography) will serve as an invaluable resource for further research in the history of every crop, and elements of technology of cultivation of plants and the preservation of biodiversity

The article discusses the contemporary agrobotanical illustration, as an integral part of scientific and educational work. For the analysis of the issue, we set up the basis of illustrative images, which acted as the test material. It has been shown that visual images serve as the material for the development of visual thinking students are taught to read information, which represents the worksheet, to think and to create something new. The article considers art of graphics pencil using a computer-drawing program with processing in Photoshop. There are mixed techniques (mixed media), based on the use of traditional drawing and herbarium specimen, processed in Photoshop in the color. Another new direction of contemporary agroillustration is infographics. Its using in educational and scientific process is determined by the fact that infographics involves analytical processing of quantitative data obtained during the experiment. On the other hand, the data is needed to visualize, execute and present. A new direction in contemporary agro-botanical illustration is plant images taken with X-rays. The modern level of requirements to create images is high enough and it must be taken into account when carrying out scientific experiments, when it is necessary to demonstrate the object of research results. Modern agroillustration can be processed using various systems of artificial intelligence, pattern recognition, for example, the system named “Edos”