Scientific Journal of KubSAU

The proposed agro technology for the cultivation of soft winter wheat contributes to the reproduction of fertility of leached Chernozem of the Western Ciscaucasia. As a result of application of fertilizers in the arable layer of soil hydrolytic acidity decreased by 21.8%, humus content increased by 10.3%, mobile phosphorus - by 54.8%, mineral nitrogen by 10.3% and potassium - by 9.6% compared to the control. Studied agricultural technology allowed to increase the yield of winter wheat to 81.8 kg/ha and protein to 15.3 per cent, of gluten, to 27.8%. We have noticed exceeded concentration of mobile phosphorus in the upper soil horizon (1.5 MРС) in the cultivation of wheat after alfalfa, which contributed to reduced grain yield. Under conditions of prolonged application of fertilizers and pesticides reduced the content of mobile forms of trace elements - copper and zinc. The content of mobile forms of Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Co, Pb and Cd below the limit values of environmental and Toxicological regulations clayey and loamy soils for agricultural purposes. The trend of accumulation of cadmium in the green mass of plants (~ 1.2 MPC) and winter wheat grain up to 1.5 MPC for baby food

In the article we consider the influence of agricultural technologies of cultivation of winter crops on existence of various forms of heavy metals in an arable layer of earth in the conditions and their accumulation in grain production. The gross content of compounds of copper in an arable layer of black leached soil is above background values (maximum concentration limit 1,5-1,7), a share of the fixed connections makes 75 %. The gross content of zinc exceeds background value for chernozems (1,25 clark). The correlation of the water mode of the soil and the content of mobile compounds of heavy metals in an arable layer - a straight line for Cu and the return for Mn , Pb, Cd and Co. Supplement of an arable layer of earth with mobile forms of copper, zinc and cobalt low, manganese - corresponds to the average level. Speaking of the degree of actual mobility the studied elements settle down in sequence: Cd> Mn> Co> Pb> Zn> Cu. Degree of potential availability decreases among: Zn> Mn>Pb> Co> Cu. The existence of Mn, Cu, Zn and Co in grain of wheat is lower than maximum concentration limit, and accumulation of Pb and Cd is higher than maximum concentration limit in grain production for baby food for 10-15 %, that increases individual risk of death to the maximum permissible level

In this article the influence of agrotechnologies of cultivation of field cultures on soil indicators and distribu-tion of heavy metals on the horizons of the black leached soil is considered. Regularities of distribution of gross and mobile forms of manganese, zinc, lead, cobalt, copper and cadmium on the genetic horizons of the black leached soil of the Azov-Kuban lowland are revealed

The data of the field experiment on the influence of the polycomponental fertilizer containing chelated complexes of copper, zinc, cobalt, pine forest, manganese, lithium on productivity and quality of winter wheat are provided in the article. The researches were carried out on the black leached light-humic light-loamy super-power soil of Northwest Ciscaucasia. It is established, that application of no-root fertilizers with chelated complexes in a phase of a spring bush-formation promotes the increase of productivity and quality of grain of winter wheat that is reached with effective use of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium from the soil by plants with no-root fertilizers with microcells

The results of studying of the maintenance of lead and cadmium in soil and agricultural crops at use of various agrotechnologies are presented in the article. The negative tendency of accumulation of heavy metals in winter wheat grain is noted