Scientific Journal of KubSAU

The study does a comprehensive analysis of the milk market in Russia and Krasnodar territory under conditions of a food embargo; defines the influence of the food embargo on the possibility of import substitution of milk and dairy products , and does an assessment of factors affecting the increase in the efficiency and competitiveness of the dairy sector, including the quality characteristics of the products, the possibilities of using natural milk substitutes, the environmental safety of raw milk. The study gives the estimation of milk self-sufficiency in Russia and identifies the opportunities to compensate for the missing volume. There has been done a comparative analysis of the subjects of the Russian Federation in terms of development indexes in the industry of dairy cattle breeding in the agricultural organizations, which found competitive advantages of Leningrad Region in milk yield per cow and Vologda region in feed conversion. The study reveals poorly equipped genetic testing laboratories and animal breeding quality control of milk in most regions of the Russian Federation . It states that the economic crisis in Russia has caused acceleration of inflation and a rise in prices for milk and dairy products in the consumer market; the purchasing power of incomes of the population (commercial equivalent - drinking milk) has declined. In order to develop the milk market and the implementation of policies of import substitution it is necessary to improve the system of state regulation of the agrarian sector, including the creation of favorable conditions for the development of public-private partnership, ensuring the availability of credit resources, the adaptation of the regulatory framework governing the market relations in the agrarian sector, support for high-performance production sites, as well as the implementation of the policy of agricultural protectionism.

The article has revealed an interconnection between the volume of agricultural production and its efficiency in general, as well as between the volume and efficiency of milk production in particular. The authors have also marked reasons of agricultural integration both abroad and in Russia, highlighted the main factors that influence integration processes in diary subcomplex and criteria of their effectiveness assessment. The authors have studied the influence of specialization and concentration level of milk on the economic efficiency of production and sale of raw milk; confirmed the existence of direct dependence between the level of production concentration and the volume of material incentives for operators of machine milking; fulfilled classification of integrated structures on the main criteria; they have made an economic-mathematical model of the influence of factors on the selling price of milk, based on regression analysis; justified the assertion of the distortion of the law of supply and demand in the conditions of monopolization of raw milk market, which is manifested in direct relationship between sales volumes and selling prices; found a statistically significant effect of milk quality on the price, the level of concentration of its production, dairy livestock industry specialization and volume of served livestock

Trade relations are one of the key areas of cooperation between Russia and the European Union countries. However, prospects of trade and economic cooperation development between the countries in conditions of geopolitical instability have been insufficiently studied, which explains the relevance of the research topic. In this work, there are analyzed changes in the structure of exports and imports of the Russian Federation and the EU within the period 2009-2014, revealed Russia's dependence on supplies of food and high-tech equipment, which are included in the sanctions list. There was substantiated the expediency of the accelerated modernization of domestic material base, active development of innovative environment and creation of conditions for enhancing public-private partnership in the investment sphere. Calculation of the economic and financial losses of the Russian Federation and the EU because of the sanctions regime and food embargo showed significant dependence of the economies of each other. The analysis of the development tendencies in trade relations between Russia and the EU has identified the main challenges in the development of foreign trade between countries: restriction of opportunities to attract foreign investment; curbing exports; devaluation of the national currency and increasing inflation. The main proposals that can strengthen trade relations between the EU and Russia are highlighted: the abolition of the bilateral restrictions; development of a new juridical framework; establishment within the Federal Assembly ad hoc committees on the regulation of relations with the EU in order to specify the main goals and objectives of the strategic partnership, creation of conditions for their implementation; speeding up the adjustment of the Russian legislation to international standards in the framework of Russia's membership in WTO

There was substantiated the economic reasonability of intraeconomic combined food production effectiveness with the use of extruding method allowing to decrease specific costs and to increase the production profitability of livestock produce

The level of competitiveness of the agricultural sector depends on the effective implementation of the import substitution policy and food security in the region in which all categories of the population at any one time must have physical and economic opportunities needed to get enough and safe food for an active, full and healthy life. In this context, the problem of increasing the competitiveness of regional agriculture in the new economic environment is relevant. Competitiveness characterizes the concentrated expression of the totality of possibilities of managing subjects of agriculture produce and to bring the products (goods, works, services) to the consumer. Solving the problem of increasing the competitiveness of regional agriculture is closely linked to an increase in the effectiveness of the quality management of products, increasing profitability of production, improving the system of state regulation of the agrarian sector of the economy. Principles of creation of an effective mechanism of state regulation and support the competitiveness of the agro-industrial complex include: agro-industrial protectionism; program-targeted regulation and maintenance of the guaranteed state support for agribusiness; efficient use of resources. The priority areas to ensure the competitiveness of regional agriculture are: to create conditions for the development of innovation and investment environment, the improvement of financial and economic state of the industry and agribusiness organizations, improvement of state support of the agrarian sector mechanisms

There were substantiated the urgency and the necessity of state regulation of domestic agrarian production under conditions of import substitution. There was implemented the systematization of scientific views on the issues of directions and instruments of state regulation of the agrarian sphere. There was conducted a complex analysis of the efficiency of the functioning of agricultural organizations in the Krasnodar region and there was assessed the effectiveness of the system of state support of agricultural production in the region. There were determined the actual trends of improving the functions of the state in the conditions of implementing the policy of import substitution and the need to strengthen the state regulation of the agricultural sector of the economy. There was revealed the content of factors limiting the interaction and mechanisms of coordination of components of the system of state regulation of the agrarian sphere of the regional economy. There were substantiated the priorities of the Krasnodar region which include the adaptation of normative-legal base to modern economic realities, the creation of a set of conditions for accelerated technical and technological modernization of production, the development of the institutional environment, the support of entrepreneurship, the promotion of private-state partnership, the accelerated formation of social and production infrastructure of rural areas

The article defines the targets to improve the management of agribusiness development in the region face of the deteriorating financial and economic crisis: the growth of competitiveness of domestic agricultural products on the basis of the modernization of technical and technological base of agriculture, introduction of innovative technologies of agricultural production and the creation of conditions for the development of an innovative environment; raising incomes and productivity growth. As controls, the development of regional agriculture has justified following priorities focused on its effective functioning: Rural development as a fundamental condition for qualitative growth agricultural industries, including its innovative and resource potential; implementation of an innovative model of development of regional agriculture based on high-tech technologies of agricultural production; development of adapted institutional environment; scientific and staffing, as an essential condition for activation of innovation processes in the regional agro-industrial complex; innovation and innovative development of agribusiness; modernization of its technical and technological base; greening and biologization agricultural production; adjustment of the development strategy of agribusiness in the region due to aggravated the global financial and economic crisis and the need to promptly provide import substitution due to increased volumes of agricultural production and achieve competitive parameters produced by the domestic agricultural products

The article examines features of the functioning of the agro-industrial complex of Russia and the Krasnodar region in the economic crisis. It substantiates the urgency of adaptation of state regulation of agro-industrial complex mechanisms to modern economic realities, we have disclosed functions and principles for the development of regional policy strategy in the agricultural sector. It is proved, that the system of state regulation of regional agro-industrial complex should correlate with the priorities of the development of its main component - agriculture and to promote structural reforms in the agricultural sector, enhance its innovation and investment potential and maintain the social orientation of the agrarian reforms. Improving the mechanisms of state support of the agro-industrial complex of Russia and the Krasnodar region requires a special approach in relation to the country's membership in the World Trade Organization. Due to this, we have proposed the adjustment of state support instruments of domestic agro-industrial complex, which involves the use of priority measures of the "green box", including an increase in funding for research in agriculture, development of an effective institutional environment, which will stimulate the efficiency and competitiveness of the agricultural sector

We have described the basic models of state tourism management in the article on the example of the countries of the world with the highest number of arrivals. We have also analyzed international experience in the management and development of tourism and considered a place of Russia in the global tourism industry

The article substantiates the necessity of the intensifying institutional reforms in AIC of the Krasnodar region for the purpose of development the regional innovation environment. It is proved, that the efficiency of innovative activities is possible in the agrarian sector of the economy in effective state regulation of organizational and economic mechanisms of innovation processes, to generate adapted innovative infrastructure. The Institutional modernization supposes accretion of the relationships government and business against to the development of investment processes, improved management efficiency and its activities creation for innovation infrastructure in agriculture. The analysis conducted has shown that the favorable investment climate is achieved in the Krasnodar region by maintaining political stability and predictability, and also the implementation of a policy directed to the transformation of market relations, directed the creation and implementation of mechanisms import substitution and development of rural areas actively. The institutional environment should be considered as a basic component of innovative development of agrarian sector economy in the region. The institutional environment grouping of innovative development AIC subjects to the influence of socioeconomic, political, institutional, demographic, historical and geographical factors. The process of innovative development agrarian sector does not come short of potential opportunities the region. Inter alia the main factors impeding of the development innovations in the regional AIC can be identified: the high production and financial risks, the low demand for innovative products and services, the high cost of innovations, the lack of personnel able to develop innovative production technologies, the own sources of funding for the projects have not been found. To enable of innovation activity in the regional AIC on the basis institutional reforms it is necessary: to maximize the interaction between federal, regional and local levels of government; be focused on the selection strategic priorities of agrarian sphere innovative development in the region; to create a set conditions for the technical and technological modernization of the sector, allowing to generate and develop innovations in agriculture; to amend the state innovation policy in the agrarian sector alone the need of implementation mechanisms of import substitution, the rural development and the achievement of competitiveness agricultural production