Scientific Journal of KubSAU

The article discusses the application of automated system-cognitive analysis (ASC-analysis), its mathematical model which is system theory of information and its software tool, which is intellectual system called "Eidos" for solving problems related to identification of types and models of aircraft by their silhouettes on the ground, to be more precise, their external contours: 1) digitization of scanned images of aircraft and creation of their mathematical models; 2) formation of mathematical models of specific aircraft with the use of the information theory; 3) modeling of the generalized images of various aircraft types and models and their graphic visualization; 4) comparing an image of a particular plane with generalized images of various aircraft types and models, and quantifying the degree of similarities and differences between them, i.e., the identification of the type and model of airplane by its silhouette (contour) on the ground; 5) quantification of the similarities and differences of the generalized images of the planes with each other, i.e., clusterconstructive analysis of generalized images of various aircraft types and models. The article gives a new approach to digitizing images of aircraft, based on the use of the polar coordinate system, the center of gravity of the image and its external contour. Before digitizing images, we may use their transformation, standardizing the position of the images, their sizes (resolution, distance) and the angle of rotation (angle) in three dimensions. Therefore, the results of digitization and ASC-analysis of the images can be invariant (independent) relative to their position, dimensions and turns. The shape of the contour of a particular aircraft is considered as a noise information on the type and model of aircraft, including information about the true shape of the aircraft type and its model (clean signal) and noise, which distort the real shape, due to noise influences, both of the means of countering detection and identification, and environment. Software tool of ASC-analysis, i.e. Eidos intellectual system, provides identification of the type and the model of airplane by its silhouette, as it was shown in a simplified numerical example

The article deals with the use of intelligent technology "Aidos" for the prevention of fires, electrical injuries, and accidents at agricultural sector and optimizing the security measures of human-machine systems. Causes of accidents are multi-phase or single-phase short-circuit in the supply network or electrical installation, the failure of the primary protective equipment and violations of regimes for electrical installations, causing overloads, deterioration of the insulation of supply cables, the mismatch of protective devices to regulatory requirements. Implementation of systemcognitive analysis provides a reduction in the number of dangerous fabricated experiences at hazardous production facilities. Due to the application of ASCanalysis, it provides a more efficient operation of electric installations on dangerous industrial objects, which means to prevent fires, electric shock injuries, accidents and optimize the safety measures for manmachine systems. Users of the system called "Eidos" may be companies with a high risk of appearance of the accidents at hazardous production objects: agroindustrial complex, gas supply, heat and electricity, oil-processing components, metallurgical industry, chemical, petrochemical and oil industry, main pipelines-wire transport, food and oil industry and others. Planned efficiency and effectiveness of the implementation of ASC-analysis is provided by reducing the number of dangerous man-made situations: accidents, fires, and electrocution on dangerous production units-projects. The implementation of ASCanalysis allows to increase city efficiency of forecasting of the technical condition of the power plant and to determine its residual lif

In this article, in accordance with the methodology of the Automated system-cognitive analysis (ASCanalysis), we examine the implementation of the 1st and 2nd stages of ASC-analysis: cognitive structuring and formalization of the subject area. At the stage of cognitive structurization of subject area, researchers decide what to consider as the object of modeling, the factors affecting it and the results of their actions. In accordance with the results of the cognitive structurization, we prepare the initial database for the study (training sample or case-based reasoning). At the stage of formalization of the subject area, the base of the original data is being normalized, i.e., we develop classification and description: the scale and graduations and with their use the base of the source data is being encoded. The result is a database of events (eventological database) and the training sample. The stage of cognitive structuring and preparation of the source data is not formalized and the formalization of the subject area is fully automated and performed directly with the use of the universal cognitive analytical system named "Eidos", which is a software Toolkit for ASC-analysis. Stages of cognitive structurization and formalization of the subject area of ASC-analysis are the first steps of data conversion into information and into knowledge. Subsequent steps: the synthesis and verification of system-cognitive model, the decision of problems of identification, forecasting and decision making, as well as studies of the modeled object by studying its model will be considered in future articles

In this article, in accordance with the methodology of the Automated system-cognitive analysis (ASCanalysis), we examine the implementation of the 3rd ASC-analysis: synthesis and verification of forecasting models of development of diversified agro-industrial corporations. In this step, we have synthesis and verification of 3 statistical and 7 system-cognitive models: ABS – matrix of the absolute frequencies, PRC1 and PRC2 – matrix of the conditional and unconditional distributions, INF1 and INF2 private criterion: the amount of knowledge based on A. Kharkevich, INF3 – private criterion: the Chi-square test: difference between the actual and the theoretically expected absolute frequencies INF4 and INF5 – private criterion: ROI - Return On Investment, INF6 and INF7 – private criterion: the difference between conditional and unconditional probability (coefficient of relationship). The reliability of the created models was assessed in accordance with the proposed metric is similar to the known F-test, but does not involve the performance of normal distribution, linearity of the object modeling, the independence and additivity acting factors. The accuracy of the obtained models was high enough to resolve the subsequent problems of identification, forecasting and decision making, as well as studies of the modeled object by studying its model, scheduled for consideration in future articles

On the one hand, man is a physical object and a person. Therefore, we interact with the reality, on one hand, directly as a physical object, but on the other hand as a person, i.e. indirectly through our psyche. On the basis of information from the senses, the consciousness of a person creates a subjective model of reality. A man mistakes his subjective model of reality for reality itself, i.e. unnecessarily assigns an ontological status, by the hypostatizations. In fact, as the reality a man perceives not reality itself, but only its subjective model of that reality. As a result, as a physical object, a person lives in the physical world, and as a person he lives in his subjective model of physical and social reality created on the basis of information coming to his senses directly and from the media. This work considers the process of formation of subjective 3D models reality based of large numbers of 2D images, a distinction is made in the content of terms: "Seeing" and "Sensing"; it also analyzes the transformation of objective facts into subjective perceptions of consciousness and back. As a result of hypostatizations of subjective models of reality, we may observe the same effects as in virtual reality (a reality effect; the effect of the presence; the effect of depersonalization; the effect of virtualization goals, values, and motivations). So, there is every reason to consider different subjective models of reality generated by different forms of consciousness, the virtual models. We study various consequences of these statements

The article discusses the use of automatic systemic-cognitive analysis (ASC-analysis), its mathematical model is a system of information theory and software tools – an intellectual system called "Eidos" for the solution of some problems of ampelography: 1) digitization of scanned images of the leaves and creation of their mathematical models; 2) the formation of mathematical models of specific leaves using the spreading of information theory; 3) the formation of models of generalized images of leaves of various sorts; 4) comparing an image of a specific leaf with a generalized image of the leaf of different varieties and finding a quantitative degree of similarity and differences between them, i.e. the identification of the varieties on the leaf; 5) quantification of the similarities and differences of the varieties, i.e. cluster-constructive analysis of generalized images of the leaves of different varieties. We propose a new approach to digitizing images of leaves, based on using the polar coordinate system, the center of gravity of the image and its external contour. Before scanning images we may use transformation to standardize the position of the still images, their sizes and rotation angle. Therefore, the results of digitization and ASC-analysis of the images might be invariant (independent) relatively to their position, size and rotation. The specific shape of the contour of the leaf is regarded as noise information on the variety, including information about the true shape of the leaf of the class (clean signal) and noise, which distort this true form, originating in a random environment. Software tools of ASC-analysis – intellectual "Eidos" system ensures noise reduction and the selection of the signal about the true shape of the leaf of each variety on the basis of a number of noisy concrete examples of the leaves of this variety. This creates a one way form of a leaf of each class, free from their concrete implementations, i.e., the "Eidos" of these images (in the sense of Plato) is a prototype or archetype (in the Jungian sense) of the images

In the article the application of systemic-cognitive analysis and its mathematical model i.e. the system theory of the information and its program toolkit which is "Eidos" system for loading images from graphics files, synthesis of the generalized images of classes, their abstraction, classification of the generalized images (clusters and constructs) comparisons of concrete images with the generalized images (identification) are examined. We suggest using the theory of information for processing the data and its size for every pixel which indicates that the image is of a certain class. A numerical example is given in which on the basis of a number of specific examples of images belonging to different classes, forming generalized images of these classes, independent of their specific implementations, i.e., the "Eidoses" of these images (in the definition of Plato) – the prototypes or archetypes of images (in the definition of Jung). But the "Eidos" system provides not only the formation of prototype images, which quantitatively reflects the amount of information in the elements of specific images on their belonging to a particular proto-types, but a comparison of specific images with generic (identification) and the generalization of pictures images with each other (classification)

Without science it would be impossible to form a full environmental consciousness. To increase the validity and weight of the findings on the impact of environment on quality of life, it is necessary to quantify the strength and direction of the influence of diverse environmental factors. However, it appears that this is quite problematic for a number of reasons. First, it is the lack or inaccessibility of source of data which is necessary for such type of research. The same data, which still can be found cover just small periods of observations (small longitudinal research data), and their completion, including performing experiments, is fundamentally impossible. As a result, it is impossible to require such full data replications, which is a necessary condition for correct applying of factor analysis. Secondly, environmental factors are described with heterogeneous indices measured in different types of measurement scales (nominal, ordinal and numerical) and in different measurement units. Mathematical methods of comparable processing of such data, and the right software tools for these methods, generally speaking, do not exist. Third, these tasks are large-scale problems, i.e. they are not talking about 5 or max 7 factors as it was in factor analysis, but about hundreds and thousands. Fourthly, the original data is noisy and require sustainable methods. Fifthly, environmental factors are interrelated and require nonlinear nonparametric approaches. To solve these problems it is proposed to apply a new innovative intelligent technology: automated system-cognitive analysis and its software tool – a system called "Eidos". We have also given a brief numerical example of assessing the impact of environmental factors on life expectancy and causes of death

In the article the application of systemic-cognitive analysis, its mathematical model - the system theory of the information and its program toolkit - "Eidos" system for synthesis of the generalized images of classes, their abstraction, classification of the generalized images (clusters and constructs) comparisons of concrete images with the generalized images (identification) are examined. We suggest a new approach to the digitization of images, based on the use of the polar coordinate system, the center of gravity of the image and its contour. Before digitizing images we can use their changes to standardize the position of the picture-frames, their size and rotation. Therefore, if you specify this option, the results of digitization and image ASC-analysis can be invariant (independent) to their position, size and rotation. This means that in the model on the basis of a number of specific examples we will create one image of each class of images, independent of their specific implementations, i.e., the "Eidos" of these images (in the sense of Plato) - a prototype or archetype (in the Jungian sense) images. But the "Eidos" system provides not only the formation of prototype images, which quantitatively reflects the amount of information in the image elements of the prototype, but the removal of all irrelevant to identification (abstraction), and the comparison of specific images with generic (identification) and the generalized images of images together (classification). The article provides a detailed numerical example of ASC- analysis of images

The paper discusses the modeling and prediction of the climate of our planet with the use of artificial intelligence AIDOS-X. We have developed a number of semantic information models, demonstrating the presence of the elements of similarity between the motion of the lunar orbit and the displacement of the instantaneous pole of the Earth. It was found that the movement of the poles of the Earth leading to the variations in the magnetic field, seismic events, as well as violations of the global atmospheric circulation and water, and particular to the emergence of episodes such as El Niño and La Niña. Through semantic information models studied some equatorial regions of the Pacific Ocean, as well as spatial patterns of temperate latitudes, revealed their relative importance for the prediction of global climatic disturbances in the tropical and temperate latitudes. The reasons of occurrence of El Niño Modoki and their relationship with the movement of elements of the lunar orbit in the long-term cycles are established. Earlier, we had made a forecast of the occurrence of El Niño episode in 2015. Based on the analysis of semantic models concluded that the expected El Niño classical type. On the basis of the prediction block AIDOS-X calculated monthly evolution scenario of global climate anomalies. In this paper, the analysis of the actual implementation forecast of El Niño since its publication in January 2015 - before June 2015. It is shown that the predicted scenario of climatic anomalies actually realized. Calculations of future climate scenarios with system «Aidos-X» recognition module indicate that further possible abnormal excess temperature indicators of surface ocean waters in regions Nino 1,2 and Nino3,4 for 2015 may be comparable with similar abnormalities in the catastrophic El Niño of 1997-1998.