Scientific Journal of KubSAU

The method of ordinary least squares (OLS) is widely known and deservedly popular. However, some attempts to improve this method. The result of one of such attempts is the weighted least squares (WMNC), the essence of which is to give the observation a weight which is inversely proportional to the errors of their approximation. Thereby, in fact, monitoring is ignored the more the difficult to approximate it. The result of this approach, formally, is the approximation error decreasing, but in fact, this occurs by partial refusal to consider the "problem" of observations, making a big mistake. If the idea underlying WMNC to bring to the extreme (and absurd), then in the limit, this approach will lead to the fact that from the entire set of observations there will be only those that lie almost exactly on the trend obtained by the method of least squares, and the rest will simply be ignored. However, according to the author, it's not a problem, and the failure of its decision, though it might look like a solution. In the work we have proposed a solution, based on the theory of information: to consider the weight of observations, the number of the argument of the value function. This approach was validated in the framework of a new innovative method of artificial intelligence: methods for automated system-cognitive analysis (ASA-analysis) and implemented 30 years ago in its software toolkit, which is "Eidos" intelligent system in the form of so-called "cognitive functions". This article presents an algorithm and software implementation of this approach, illustrated in detailed numerical example. In the future it is planned to give a detailed mathematical basis of the method of weighted least squares, which is modified by the application of information theory to calculate the weights of the observations, and investigate its properties

The problem of identifying authors and literary sources for bibliographic descriptions in the literature in recent years become increasingly important scientific and practical value. This is, in particular, due to the policy of the Ministry of education and science of the Russian Federation in the field of quality assessment of the results of scientific activity, which involves the use of a number of references to publications of authors and the Hirsch index. In Russia, appropriate analytical tools to evaluate the results of scientific activity, functionally similar to the well-known foreign bibliographic databases such as Scopus, Web of Science and other. Currently, the most famous Russian similar service is the Russian science citation index (RSCI): http://elibrary.ru/. However, as experience shows, references in bibliography list of publications are often made with a violation of GOST 7.1-2003 rule, and with the erroneous output, for example, incorrectly specified page numbers, name of publisher, etc., In practice, this leads to the fact that software system of bibliographic database cannot determine what is the right reference for the article and who were the authors of this article. As a result, for these authors we lost the citation, which leads to an underestimation of their Hirsch indexes and evaluation of the results of their research activities and leadership. It is clear that these negative consequences should be overcome. This article is devoted to the presentation of the ap-proach, which allows to solve the problem by apply-ing an ASC-analysis and intelligent system named "Aidos", which is a modern innovative smart technology ready for implementation

In the article the application of systemic-cognitive analysis and its mathematical model i.e. the system theory of the information and its program toolkit which is "Eidos" system for loading images from graphics files, synthesis of the generalized images of classes, their abstraction, classification of the generalized images (clusters and constructs) comparisons of concrete images with the generalized images (identification) are examined. We suggest using the theory of information for processing the data and its size for every pixel which indicates that the image is of a certain class. A numerical example is given in which on the basis of a number of specific examples of images belonging to different classes, forming generalized images of these classes, independent of their specific implementations, i.e., the "Eidoses" of these images (in the definition of Plato) – the prototypes or archetypes of images (in the definition of Jung). But the "Eidos" system provides not only the formation of prototype images, which quantitatively reflects the amount of information in the elements of specific images on their belonging to a particular proto-types, but a comparison of specific images with generic (identification) and the generalization of pictures images with each other (classification)

Total lie is considered in the article as strategic information weapons of society in the era of globalization and augmented reality. The article reveals the possibility of application the principle of observability in modern society, as it is common in physics criterion of reality. It is shown, in which cases the application of this principle in studies of society leads to social illusions, and when it gives adequate results. We have offered a concept: “the degree of virtualization of society” and a quantitative scale for its measurement, and we have also introduced the concept of "Public Umwelt" by which the area of society that differs significantly from the rest of their fundamental laws is meant

The article briefly describes the essence of management, stating the goals and structure of the system of personnel management. It considers the essence of the method of functional-cost analysis (FCA) and, as a major gap, we have noted a low level of formalization, which requires the involvement of experts in applying the FSA. It also specifies the difference between the cost and the cost price. We consider the decision of questions of creation of the personnel management system on the FCA basis using the method of automated system-cognitive analysis (ASA-analysis), in particular: the measurement of the severity of socio-economic and psychological properties, metric scales, build intellectual measuring system, the development and application of models, providing both building occupation graphs and their application to measure the degree of compliance of the Respondent with the requirements of professional positions and to the positions including the cost of employment of personnel and resources allocated for staff on posts. The proposed approach can be applied not only at the decision of tasks of human resource management with DAF method, but when you apply the FSA in a variety of subject areas, in particular - the method of direct-Costing

This article briefly discusses the mathematical nature of the author's proposed modification of the weighted least squares, in which the amount of the data is used as the weights of observations. There are two variants of this modification. In the first one, the weighting of the observations was made by replacing one observation with a certain amount of the information in it by the corresponding number of observations for unit weight, and then we applied the standard method of least squares. In the second method, the weighting of the observations was performed for each value of the argument by replacing all observations with a certain amount of information in one observation of unit weight which had been obtained as a weighted average of them, and then we applied the standard method of least squares. We have described in detail the technique of numerical calculations of the amount of information in the observations, based on the theory of automated system-cognitive analysis (ASC-analysis) and implemented it with a help of software tools - intelligent system called "Eidos". The article provides an illustration of the proposed approach on a simple numerical example. In the future, we are planning to give more detailed mathematical basis of the method of weighted least squares, which is modified by using the amount of information as weights, but also to explore its properties

In the article the application of systemic-cognitive analysis, its mathematical model - the system theory of the information and its program toolkit - "Eidos" system for synthesis of the generalized images of classes, their abstraction, classification of the generalized images (clusters and constructs) comparisons of concrete images with the generalized images (identification) are examined. We suggest a new approach to the digitization of images, based on the use of the polar coordinate system, the center of gravity of the image and its contour. Before digitizing images we can use their changes to standardize the position of the picture-frames, their size and rotation. Therefore, if you specify this option, the results of digitization and image ASC-analysis can be invariant (independent) to their position, size and rotation. This means that in the model on the basis of a number of specific examples we will create one image of each class of images, independent of their specific implementations, i.e., the "Eidos" of these images (in the sense of Plato) - a prototype or archetype (in the Jungian sense) images. But the "Eidos" system provides not only the formation of prototype images, which quantitatively reflects the amount of information in the image elements of the prototype, but the removal of all irrelevant to identification (abstraction), and the comparison of specific images with generic (identification) and the generalized images of images together (classification). The article provides a detailed numerical example of ASC- analysis of images

Since there are many artificial intelligence systems, there is a need of comparable quality assessment of their mathematical models. For this purpose, these systems can be tested on the same database source data, for which it is very convenient to use a public database of the UCI repository. This work is aimed at the study and development of model practices of the database of the UCI repository to assess the quality of mathematical models of artificial intelligence systems

Based on local semantic information models, we have examined the dependence of the dynamics of the displacement of the pole positions of celestial objects. We have also developed and differentiated an analysis of ASK-pole modeling of dynamics within sixty-year cycles of reference points and substantiated reasons for the population inversion and singular states in the dynamics of the pole

The quality of a system is seen as an emergent property of systems, due to their composition and structure, and it reflects their functionality, reliability and cost. Therefore, when we speak about quality management, the purpose of management is the formation of pre-defined system properties of the object of management. The stronger the object of the control expresses its system properties, the stronger the nonlinearity manifests of the object: both the dependence of the management factors from each other, and the dependence of the results of the action of some factors from the actions of others. Therefore, the problem of quality management is that in the management process the management object itself changes qualitatively, i.e. it changes its level of consistency, the degree of determinism and the transfer function itself. This problem can be viewed as several tasks: First is the system identification of the condition of the object of management, 2nd – making decisions about controlling influence that changes the composition of the control object in a way its quality maximally increases at minimum costs. To solve the 2nd problem we have proposed an application of the component selection of the object by functions based on the resources allocated for the implementation of different functions; costs associated with the choice of the components and the degree of compliance of various components to their functional purpose. In fact, we have proposed a formulation and a solution of the new generalization of a variant of the assignment problem: "multi backpack", which differs from the known with the fact that the selection has been based not only on the resources and costs, but also with taking into account the degree of compliance of the components to their functional purpose. A mathematical model, which provides a solution to the 1st problem, and reflecting the degree of compliance of the components to their functionality, as well as the entire decision-making process for selections, i.e. 2nd task, has been implemented in the ASC-analysis and in the system called "Eidos" X++". The article also provides a simplified numerical example of the proposed approach with the selection of staff members