Scientific Journal of KubSAU

Results of the fifth International Conference (KubSAU,2007) on problems of vintage, characteristics and storage of perishing wild and native grape of the North Caucasus and the Black Sea area regions are dealt with in the review article. Results of the work of Eurasian countries scientists for the last two years fulfilling the project of International institute of genetic plant resources Biodiversity International have been cited. In particular, assessment of wild grape in the places of its initial origin was carried out, world gene pool was enriched on three hundred patterns, methods of molecular marking of grape genotypes and ampelographic screening of two subspecies Vitis Vinifera L. were improved, international data bank was created and variant of regional ampelography was written.

Grape variety assembly lines by zones of Krasnodar region worked out by the staff of the chair of grape growing on the basis of many years data and with an account of really existing areas of every variety by the end of 2007 have been presented in this article. Assembly lines allow to plan more balanced entering of grape production to the processing enterprises or to a consumer market.

Results of four-year (2004-2007) researches of perspective technical grape varieties by contrast zones of Krasnodar region : in central- Antaris, Beisug, Cabernek, Clairette Temryk, Litdar, Merlok, Muscat Kuban, Rislinalk, Risling Kuban, Shardonek, in Anapa-Krasnostop AZOS, Rubin AZOS and to the memory of Zotkina, were cited in the article. It was shown their superiority under control varieties. Ampelographical screening of gene pool was carried out in subzone Temryk on the plot of I.G. Karas’ in 2007 and in the result of which there were selected some perspective varieties: Arcadia, Victoria, Hybrid 342, Long-waited , Lora, Original.

Step by step results of many year researches of clonal selection of grape varieties: Clairette white, Saperavi, Sauvignon white and Chardonnay, growing in the Ltd company “ Pobeda” of Temryk district of Krasnodar region are cited in the article. Highly productive proto clones were selected. Clairette white is the best one as a variety from them and it was given to the state experiment under the name Clairette temryk.

Problems of biometric evaluation of morphological features of clones for identification of variety group Merlo genotypes were considered in the paper.

Greek variety Limniona concerns to the variety group of the Black Sea basin convar. pontica Negr. subconar balcanica Negr. It has a limited spreading, uses as an industrial variety. Duration of productive period is 156-165 days. Growth of shoots is strong. Degree of cane maturity is 81-95 %. Percentage of fruit-bearing shoots is more than 90. Productivity is 25-30 t/ha. It is highly drought resistant. Flower is bisexual. Cluster is large, cylindrical, of an average compactness with mass of 350g. Berry is middle-sized, round, dark - blue-black. Flesh is juicy, with nice variety after –taste. Variety is used for preparing of high quality red wines of different categories.

Variety Moskhoragos is hybrid one: it was bred by Panteley Zamanidi, Leonid Troshin and Leonid Maltabar in 2001 in Greece by crossing of varieties Savvatyano and Muscat Alexander. By morphological-biological characteristics it was included in a group of varieties of the Black Sea basin (convar. pontica subconar. balcanica Negr.). Variety is new and that’s why it has limited spreading. Productive period length is 156-165 days. Length of shoots is 2,1 – 3.0 m. Degree of cane maturity is high – 81-95 %. Crop capacity is 25-30 t/ha. Percentage of fruit-bearing shoots is more than 90. Average cluster mass is 300 g. It differs with high cold resistance, drought resistance and increased resistance to fungi diseases in comparison with Muscat varieties Vitis vinifera L. During blossoming it can be recognized by a little crown of greenish-yellowish color with winy-red shade in the end part, shining surface of leaves with webby downiness in the lower part. First leaf is greenish, winy-red in edges, highly downy with both sides, second and third leaves are greenish-bronze, pentalobular, slightly webby –downy in the upper side and highly downy in the lower side. Fourth and fifth leaves are green with yellowish shade, brilliant, with rare webby downiness in the upper side and highly downy in the lower side. Shoot is green, with brown-reddish shade. Leaf is symmetrical. Leaf plate surface is large, dark-green, leaf’s form is pentagonal with five lobules, bladder surface is weak. Leaf edges have middle-acuminated dens, erect by both sides. Lower lobules are slightly overlapped. Leafstalk length is average. Inflorescence is cylindrical, often with antenna. Two inflorescences usually appear on one shoot on 4 or 5 nods and inflorescences appear on the shoots, grown from resting buds on perennial wood as well. Flower is monecious, normal. Ovary is round and ball-shaped. Pollen has normal shape, fertile. Cluster is average, cylindrical, alary, with average density. Berry is middle-sized, round, yellowish-green color. Flesh is juicy, sweet, with nice Muscat after-taste. Sugar content is high. Seed has an average length, light-brown, pear-shaped, with middle-sized beak. Variety is used for preparation of high quality table, strong and dessert wines of different categories.

Peculiarities of microсlone propagation of introduced varieties and grape clones, and home varieties created in Kuban State Agrarian University as well, which were given for national trial and for industrial production are discussed in this article.

Trapsa is a Greek native variety. It belongs to the variety group of the Black sea basin (convar. pontica subconar. balcanica Negr.) ,has limited spreading. The length of productive period is 156-165 days. Variety is medium-sized. Degree of cane maturation is high. Productivity is very high. Percentage of fruitful tillers is 90. The average mass of clusters is 500 g. It differs with high drought resistance and average resistance to fungi diseases. Under bud germination is recognized by crown of green color with winy-red shadow, with strong webby swelling. Plate of a leaf is large, dark-green shadow, form is pentagular, with five lobules, top surface of plate is honeycombed. Cluster is large, conic and compact. Flesh with nice variety after taste. Berry is average size, round, navy-black color. Sugar content is high. Variety is for making of high quality red wines of different categories in southern zones of grape-growing with hot and dry climate.

The Makedonas is a new wine higher quality black grape’s variety, was found out by Panteley Zamanidi and Leonid Troshin in 2001 in Greece and created by hybridization between Ksinomavro and Cabernet Sauvignon varieties. It’s belong to the group of Black see pool varieties on morphologic-physiological characteristics (convar. pontica subconvar. balcanica Negr.). The variety is used for making dry red wines of excellent quality. It is very perspective variety in Southern zones of Europe where the grape couldn’t get good acidity in the juice of berries