Scientific Journal of KubSAU

“Professor Elena Zakharova” variety is a hybrid between Aigeorgitico and Cabernet Fran, which was made in the result Greek-Russian creative scientific cooperation. The period of production is 156-165 days. The growth of arms is fast. The degree of ripening is higher. The percent of fruitful arms is more than 90. The yield is high. The average weight of cluster is 260 g. It has high resistance to cold, drought-resistance and higher resistance to mushroom diseases. The leave is average, symmetrical, average parted, five lobes. There are two inflorescences on one arms - 4 and 6 on the nodes. The flower is hermaphroditic. The cluster is middle, cylindroconical, middle density. The berry is middle, round, blue-black color. The pulp is juicy, with solanaceous taste. The sugar content is high. This variety is developed for producing dry red wines of perfect quality

The variety "Professor Maltabar" is new, it is growth in Greece by Pantelei Zamanidi and Leonid Troshin in 2001 year from crossing of Aigeorgitico and Cabernet Sauvignon. The variety belongs to the group Black sea basin (convar. orientalis subconvar. caspica Negr.). The production period is 146-156 days. The yield is higher. The bunch weight is 200 g. The bunch is middle, cylinder conical or winged, middle density. The berry is middle, round, blue-black color. The skin is density, the pulp is juicy, the sap in not colored, with solanum after-taste. The sugarnesses is higher. The quantity of seeds is two-three. The seed is middle, grey color, piriform, with shot beak. It is higher steadiness variety for winter frost, drought-resistance and higher steadiness for mushrooms disease compare with it’s parents. The variety is used for preparing higher quality dry red, pink and white (champagne) wines of different categories.

The sort of grapes "Professor Guzun" is hybridized, created as a result of the Greek-Russian scientific creative cooperation, is deduced in Greece by Pantelei Zamanidi and Leonid Troshin in 2001 by crossing of grades Moskhofilero and Merlo. Under morphological and physiological characteristics it is included in a group of grades of pool of Black sea (convar. pontica subconvar. balcanica Negr.). Duration of production period is 146-155 days. Growth of arms is strong. Productivity is very high. Average weight of a cluster is 320 gr. The sort is rather winter-hardy and frigostable. It is characterized by higher stability to mildew, oidioum and grey decay in comparison with the Black Sea wine grades. Drought resistance is higher than grades of the West European group The flower is hermaphroditic. Grapes are average size or bigger, conic, average density. A berry of average size, roundish, dark pink color. A peel is tight. Pulp is juicy, with the sort taste. Sugar content is high. The grade is intended for manufacturing of high-quality dry, champagne, strong or dessert wines of different categories

The grape variety with colored pulp and juice named “Professor Davids” was selected in Greece by P.Zamanidy, L.Troshin and A.Isachkin in 2003 with crossing of the Greek varieties of “Mandilaria” with the French introducent of “Alicant Bushe”. The duration of the production period is 156-165 days. Variety is full-grown. The degree of maturation of the vines is high. Crop yields are very high. The average mass of clusters is 300 gr. Has a high winter hardiness, drought-resistance and high resistance to fungal diseases in comparison with industrial varieties of Vitis vinifera. The female flower, with the stamens. The bunch of average size, cylindroconical, medium density. Berries are medium, round, blue-black in color, with a thick wax coating. The skin is thick, dense. The pulp and juice are intensively painted, with varietal flavour. Sugar content is very high. Notable for long preservation of the harvest in the bushes. The variety is suitable for making intensively painted dry red wines of superior class and high-quality dessert wines and unique juices. Due to its morpho- physiological characteristics it has been included in the eco-geographic group of varieties of the Black sea basin

The "Academician Trubilin" breed of grape with the colored pulp and juice is bred in Greece by P.Zamanidi, L.Troshin and L.Maltabar in 2003 by mating of the Greek breed of Armeletusa with French Alikant Bush. Duration of rule-oriented phase is 146-155 days. Productivity is high. The medial mass of racemations is 170 gr. Differs with high winter-hardiness, drought resistance and raised sustainability to fungous diseases in comparison with breeds of Vitis vinifera L. Flower is bisexual. A racemation is medial, cylindrical with a wing, medial denseness. Bacca is small, roundish, blue-black color, with a dense wax coating. Peel is tight. Pulp and juice are intensely colored, with high quality tang. Sugar content is high. Differs with long preservation of crop on bushes. The breed is designed for production of intensely colored dry red wines of the excellent class, and also for high-grade dessert and sweet wines; it is applicable for making high-grade juice as well

Черешки листьев, взятых из растений ин витро, девяти межвидовых гибридов винограда: подвоев Берландиери х Рипариа ‘Кобер 5ББ’, Рипариа х Рупестрис ‘101-14’ и сортов (cvs): 'Бианка', 'Зигфридребе', 'Подарок Магарача’, ‘Первенец Магарача’, ‘Цитронный Магарача’, ‘Интервитис Магарача’ и гибридной формы ‘Магарач 100-74-1-5' культивировали на твердой среде NN, содержащей различные концентрации 2,4-D и BА в различных сочетаниях. Для того, чтобы инициировать рост клеточных суспензий, проэмбриогенные каллусы пересаживали в жидкую среду NN, дополненную 1.0 мг/л 2,4-Д и 0,2 мг/л BА. Субкультивирование этих суспензий в жидкую среду NN, дополненную 2 мг/л NAA и 0,1 мг/л BА, привело к развитию агрегатов эмбриоидов, а пересадка в жидкую среду с 0,5 мг/л BА вызвала развитие единичных глобулярных и сердцевидных эмбриоидов. Проэмбриогенные клеточные суспензии, состоящие из преимущественно отдельных клеток, могут быть использованы в трансформации генов и селекции на клеточном уровне с целью уменьшения вероятности появления химерных растений

The article presents the data on the formation of the embryonic fruitfulness of central ovaries of wintering buds of the group of technical grape varieties with white berries - White Muscat; Pinot White, Chardonnay, Citron Magaracha, Pervenets Magaracha; Riesling, Viorica, Riton, Crystal in the conditions of Anapa-Taman zone. There were revealed the rates of embryonic fruitfulness of central ovaries of buds of studied cultivars and fruiting indices of vegetative shoots developed from them. In all studied grape varieties there was revealed a high percentage of fruitful buds from 84,1 in the variety of Riton at 97.2 at Viorica; and the percentage of fertile vegetative shoots from 81,8 at the variety Citron Magaracha to 97.2 in the variety White Muscat. At the leveled load of bushes, vegetative shoots and the same scheme of planting of bushes (3 x 2 m), the highest yield in terms per hectare showed the varieties Pervenets Magaracha, Viorica, Riton, Crystal, Riesling and Citron Magarach. When assessing the economic efficiency the highest net income and level of profitability were identified in the varieties of Citron Magaracha, Pervenets Magaracha, Viorica and Riton. In order to determine which buds will give us shoots with large, well-developed (well-differentiated) buds, and which will not give (weakly differentiated), it is necessary "to look inside a bud". But even already formed germs of inflorescences in the bud are able in a few days in spring or dedifferentiate or degrade depending on the influence of external conditions. Scientists have learned to use this ability to increase the maximum possible yield in years of severe damage of grape by frosts. Firstly, in frosty winters the central buds wither out. The replacing buds usually have poor fruiting and bad productivity during years. In such cases, it is more profitable to conduct a small cutting of angle buds arranged in a circle at the base of a shoot. At the beginning of the second vegetation phase, these buds will obtain the great bulk plastic substances, which will cause the dedifferentiation of rudiments of inflorescences in them. Thus, it is possible not only to restore rapidly the normal shape of a bush, but to obtain a good harvest this year

The article presents results of the study of yield, mechanical composition and quality of bunches of newest white grapevine varieties called Artemis, Sauvignon tamanskii and Inkroche tamanskii, in the conditions of Taman in the Krasnodar region. The yield of the studied genotypes ranged from 10.4 to 13.3 t / ha: the highest yield was in Artemis, and the lowest – in Sauvignon tamanskii. The average weight of the bunch was in Sauvignon tamanskii (152 g), the variety Artemis had 143 g and Inkroche tamanskii had 130 g of bunch weight. The percentage of berries in clusters ranged from 95.3 in Artemis to 95.9 in Inkroche tamanskii and Sauvignon tamanskii. The ratio of fruit mass to the mass of crests was 20.3 in the varieties of Artemis and 23.5 in Inkroche tamanskii and Sauvignon tamanskii. In genotypes of Artemis, Sauvignon and Inkroche Taman Taman the weight of 100 berries was 200, 160 and 130 g, respectively, the mass of 100 seeds - 4.6; 3.1 and 2.9 g, the average weight of the pulp from the juice to the weight of the skin - 24.3; 19.5; 15.9. The percentage of pulp and juice in clusters of the studied varieties was 85,9-89,1%, and the ratio of pulp to juice to the solid residue 6,1-8,2. Yield of musts from the studied sample was 74,5-75,4%. The content of sugars in the berries (17,5-19,6 g / 100 cm3) was dependent on the yield, the characteristics of varieties and timing of the harvest, but the harvest was favorable for the production of beverages and wine materials

The article describes the history of the institute called "Magarach" and the formation of the world's ampelographic collections in the Crimea and Kuban, provides data on the genetic diversity of the original parent Crimean collection of grape, carries out the impact of its long-term ampelo-breeding and genetic work. We have found the best ampelo-genetic rennets, both in the Crimea (zoned in Russia and abroad varieties of Academician Avidzba, Pervanets Magaracha, Jubilee Magarach, Antei magarachsky, Nimrang ustoichivii, Podarok Magaracha, Riesling Magaracha Novoukrainsky Rannii, Granatovii Magaracha, Krymchanin, Rkatsiteli Magaracha, Spartanets Magaracha, Tavkveri Magaracha, Citronnii Magaracha, promising varieties Livya, Solnetchnaja grozd, etc..) and in the Kuban region. Magarach ampelographic collection was and still is the parent of many national collections of gene pools of, the former Soviet republics, including the Russian Federation as well: Anapa ampelographic collection in the North Caucasus NIISiV has 3356 samples collected from 41 countries, including ones from the institute of "Magarach" (about 40%). Using its base we had a comprehensive biological and economic evaluation of the outstanding genotypes for ampelo-genetic and clonal selection – such as zoned Bogotyanovsky, Helios, Dolgogdannii, Kubattik, Libya K, Arathi, Preobragenie, Rochefort K, Chrizolit, Citrine, Anthracite, promising varieties Annie, Baikonur, Gourmet Kra, Memory Master Nesvet Gift, Jubilee Novocherkasska, etc.

In this article botanical and morphometrical characteristics of four wild-growing biotypes of Azerbaijan, growing on the Nakhichevan plain - original natural reserve of the richest vegetable gene pool of Eurasia are listed. Unique lianas are discovered, featured and listed under titles of Ajryndzh, Dary-dag, Ilandy-dag and Ordubad. Their comparison on 40 arguments of leaves with reference Vitis vinifera silvestris Gmel. triune herbarium of Russia and Ukraine is resulted