№ 118(4), April, 2016
Date issued: 29.04.2016
Physical Sciences and Engineering
There is a widely known problem regarding the
ordering of the partially ordered sets (Linear Ordering
Problem). It boils down to finding the numerations of
such sets. The main result of this article is a
generalization of one of the known S. S. Kislitsyn's
results about finding the number of numerations of
finite partially ordered sets
We should have trained staff to implement
innovative strategies. Therefore, it is natural, that a
lot of attention is paid to the staffing of the
management processes of innovative activity at the
enterprises of the rocket and space industry (RCP).
Training and human resources management in
accordance with current legislation should be based
on professional standards. The content of
professional standards should reflect the results of
forecasting scientific and technical progress in the
field, for example, in the RCP. It is necessary to
forecast trends in the use of information and
communication technologies in solving management
problems in the socio-economic sphere in order to
reflect these developments in professional standards.
The approach to solving this problem is the subject
of this article. What should the professional standard
be like in the RCP? The main problem lies in the
fact that although the standard is to be enacted in the
near future, its actual impact on the industry will
start in 5 - 10 years and will continue for at least
another 10 years, ie, until the 2030s. Professional
standards should come from "Education through
Science" concept, ie, knowledge, skills,
competences, provided by a professional standard,
should be based on modern scientific achievements.
For example, mathematical methods of research
should be based on a new paradigm in the area of
knowledge and statistical data analysis methods
must meet high statistical techniques. For the
development of professional standards in the field of
the RCP it is necessary to predict the characteristics
of the qualification (level of knowledge, skills and
experience) required the employee to carry out
professional activities in the RCP in 2020 - 2030.
Modern information and communication
technologies are creating a fundamentally new
situation in the organization of the economy. We
have an ability to manage the work of organizational
units, scattered throughout the world, from a single
center. The requirement of presence in the
workplace is mainly a relic of the past. We have a
lot of advantages in a remote work
In this article, we discuss various issues related to the
formulas approximating the distribution function of
prime numbers pi(x). This question has occupied many
scholars, but the exact function is well approximated
function pi(x) over the number of positive integers not.
Based on certain hypotheses, we present a new
function s(x) is very well approximated pi(x). The
above article hypotheses are so important that their
numerical validation and refinement for the lengths of
the segments more in 1014 - one of the main areas
related to the problem of approximation of the function
pi(x) throughout the series of natural numbers. After
analyzing the behaviors and constructs many
functions, we are building the basis of the function
s(x), which is well approximates the function pi(x)
throughout the series of natural numbers. We also
present a table of values for x, less or equal 1022 for the
difference of s(x) - pi(x)
In this article we discuss a version of the metric theory
of the fundamental interactions in which it is assumed
that the physical constants due to the presence of extra
dimensions of space-time. The estimation of the
number of physical constants based on the theory of
supergravity in 112D is that the minimum number of
constants is equal to 222, and the maximum number -
1404928. At present, the number of parameters that
characterize the elementary particles, isotopes and
chemical elements is about 150920. This number is 9.3
less than the maximum possible number of parameters
that indicate still great potential of modern science.
Functions describing the area and volume of a unit
hypersphere, embedded in a Riemannian space of
arbitrary dimension, were used to find the fundamental
physical constants. A satisfactory agreement with a
relative error of 0.03% calculated and experimental
values of the fine structure constant found out. For the
ratio of the average mass of a nucleon to the electron
mass is obtained coincidence with the experimental
value with an accuracy of 0.002%. The proposed
theory of physical constants different from that Bartini
theory that established the optimal dimension of the
space is a hypersphere 5 and 7, rather than 6 as in
Bartini theory. The problems of the compactification
of extra dimensions in describing the motion in fourdimensional
space-time are discussed
In this article, there is a numerical method of solving
the problem of self-organization of the labor
resources. The problem deals with finding
probabilities of hiring and the layoffs of specialists
from the sectors of the labor market. A mathematical
model of labor resources dynamics is used to solve
this problem. The initial problem is incorrect,
because number of equations of the descriptive
system is less than number of unknown variables. A
special algorithm is designed for guaranteed finding
the normal solution in finite number of iterations.
The algorithm is separated into two key stages.
Initially, unconditional normal solution of the
problem is found by applying the modified method of
Gauss for underdetermined systems. Later, this
solution is projected in the subspace of permissible
values. After that, the normal solution of the problem
with consideration of non-negativity of the desired
values is being found by using the gradient projection
method. The proposed algorithm has been
successfully used to develop application in
programming environment C++. This application is
focused on solving of the problem of selforganization
of the labor resources. Comparative
analysis of speed of the application and add-ins MS
Excel "Solver" showed that the same problem is
solved much faster in the application designed by the
author than in a table processor MS Excel when
using the add-in "Solver". This demonstrates the high
efficiency of the proposed method
The article deals with the solution of the NavierStokes
equations describing turbulent flows over
rough surfaces. It is known, that there is a mechanism
of turbulent mixing in natural systems, leading to an
increase in the viscosity of the continuous medium. In
this regard, we suggest methods of regularization of
the Navier-Stokes equations, similar to the natural
mechanisms of mixing. It is shown, that in threedimensional
flows over a rough surface turbulent
viscosity increases proportionally to the square of the
distance from the wall. The models of the flow,
taking into account the properties of the turbulent
environment are considered. A modification of the
continuity equation taking into account the limiting
magnitude of pressure fluctuations is proposed. It is
shown, that due to the pressure pulsation, the
incompressibility condition may be violated even for
flows with low Mach numbers. Modification of the
continuity equation taking into account turbulent
fluctuations leads to a system of nonlinear equations
of parabolic type. Modification of continuity equation
in the system of Navier-Stokes by the introduction of
turbulent viscosity allows the regularization of the
Navier-Stokes equations to solve the problems with
rapidly changing dynamic parameters. The main
result of which is obtained by numerical simulation of
the modified system of equations is the stability of the
numerical algorithm at a large Reynolds number,
which can be explained, first, a system of parabolic
type, and a large quantity of turbulent viscosity. A
numerical model of flow around plates with the rapid
change in angle of attack has been verified. We have
discovered the type of instability of the turbulent
boundary layer associated with the rapid changes in
dynamic parameters. It is shown, that the fluctuations
of the boundary layer to cause generation of sound at
a frequency of 100 Hz to 1 kHz
Classical combinatorial formula to calculate the number
of combinations from n on m: C(n,m)=n!/(m!(nm)!)
involves the intermediate calculation of factorials,
which is often impossible when n>170, due to limitations
in the capacity of numbers that are used in programming
languages and created through these systems.
However, in some cases it is necessary to calculate
the number of combinations for n and m much
larger than this limit, such as when a value greater than
10000. In such cases, there is a definite problem,
which manifests itself, for example in the fact that
many on-line services meant to calculate the number
of combinations with these parameters do not work
properly. In this article, we present its solution in the
form of an algorithm and software implementation.
The essence of the approach is to first decompose the
factorials into prime factors and reduce them, and then
to produce multiplication. This approach differs from
those cited in the Internet
Physical Sciences and Engineering
Macrodeficiency of polymeric materials, including the
pervasive one, is a consequence of the development of
initial microdefects which appear in polymers both
due to external factors and during their processing. In
the article, the problem of the detection of structural
microdeficiency of various polymeric materials
through an assessment of their structural parameters is
solved. The considered materials possess
approximately identical degree of crystallinity (60 –
66%), but different density. The express assessment
technique of polymeric materials microdeficiency by
the sorption method with the use of the academician
M. M. Dubinin’s theory of volumetric micropore
filling is developed and evaluated. On the basis of a
quantitative assessment of sorption processes in
polymeric materials, including elastomeric
compositions – rubbers and rubberized fabrics, the
existence of the initial local microdefects arising in
the course of synthesis is established. In real
polymeric materials, including elastomeric
compositions – rubbers and rubberized fabrics, the
existence of the initial local microdefects arising in
the course of synthesis is established (the number of
microdefects n varies from 1x1017 sm-3 to 6x1019 sm-3
,
and the rated linear size k – from 2 nm to 7 nm). The
general reduction of microdeficiency in rubberized
fabrics in comparison with initial rubber is revealed
and rationalized
Since the industrial revolution a huge amount of pollutants
emitted annually into the water most of which is
occupied by toxic metals. These metals widely distributed
in the environment and of accumulation of a
threat to human health. It is known, that cadmium and
zinc at high concentrations have a negative impact on
nature. In modern wastewater treatment technology we
widely use polymeric sorbents with chelating properties.
The use of polymeric chelating sorbents (PCS)
usage allows separating individual or group trace elements
from large volumes of solutions of complex
composition, lowering the limit of detection, eliminating
or reducing significantly the impact of macrocomponents
which increases the cleaning efficiency.
The article presents the results of a study of conditions
of interaction of zinc (II) ions and cadmium (II) with
PCT - polystyrene-azo-o-phenol-azo-rhodanine. We
found the optimal values of the conditions for zinc (II)
ions and cadmium (II) sorption. We investigated the
effect of interfering of the macro- and micro- water
components with the sorption of the ions studied.
Maximum desorption of metal ions is achieved by
washing the concentrate with 10 ml of 2M hydrochloric
acid. The data indicate availability of the investigated
sorbent for concentration and separation of zinc
(II) ions and cadmium (II)
The article is devoted to the study of enzymesantioxidants
contained in horseradish root. The article
provides a detailed analysis of the sources of information,
aimed at clarifying the content of enzymesantioxidants
contained in horseradish root, grown in
the Astrakhan region in the autumn and summer. During
the analysis of the literature, it was found that the
content of enzyme-antioxidants in the root of the
horseradish is not constant and depends on climatic
conditions, planting time and harvest time. The content
of antioxidants in the root of horseradish grown in the
Astrakhan region in the summer-autumn period was
studied using by the method of A.N. Bach and A.I.
Oparin. 2 g of horseradish roots contains the number
of enzymes - antioxidants able to expand for 30 min
(1,547 • 100) / (20 • 1) = 77.35 mg of hydrogen peroxide
in 1 min - 2.56 mg. 1mkmol As hydrogen peroxide
is 0.034 mg, in 2 g horseradish contains 76 E enzyme -
antioxidants (or E 38 1 g horseradish). The results of
this work will form the basis for the creation and study
of new enterosorbent with antioxidant functions. Enterosorbent
prepared by adsorption on starch antioxidants
such as peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbic acid,
from aqueous extracts of plant material
The article is devoted to studying adsorption of enzymes,
antioxidants contained in horseradish root on
starch to create enterosorbent with anti-oxidant properties.
For this goal, we have studied adsorption isotherm
calculated constants, thermodynamic parameters
(change of enthalpy, entropy, and isobaric-isothermal
potential); sorption kinetics of enzyme-antioxidants on
starch and calculate the main characteristics. The
method of producing of enterosorbent - antioxidant on
based starches has been developed based on the experimental
data. The ready sorbent is a white powder having
no taste and smell. Insoluble in biological fluids
and water. It is the solid component. The enterosorbent
can be used to protect the gastrointestinal tract of humans
and animals against a wide variety of oxidants
and peroxide. The results of this work will form the
basis for the study of the antioxidant properties of the
resulting enterosorbent
Life Sciences
This review is devoted to the 60 anniversary of the
winter wheat variety (Triticum aestivum L.)
Bezostaya 1 – a masterpiece of world selection. This
variety played a great role in increasing total grain
yields in the Kuban Region. It also was an important
gene source for Russian and world breeding. This
variety has initiated and was for many years a party
to research molecular biological mechanisms of
wheat frost resistance formation. The article
summarizes data about the peculiarities of
functioning of protein-synthesizing system it sprouts
(coleoptilies) under the influence of hardening
temperature (4oC): translational activity in vitro,
poliribosomts, degree of polyadenilation and stability
of total mRNA and specific mRNA translational
elongation factor α subunit 1 (eEF-1 α). The in vitro
(ommp) system, which adequately characterizes the
relative mRNA stability in vivo was used for these
measurements. The effects of cooling and light on
mRNA stability were shown to be cultivar-specific.
The hardiness of winter wheat has a positive
relationship with the amount of RNA and DNA, and
a negative correlation with the amount of magnesium
cations in mature grain that can serve as a simple
marker of frost resistance. The main feature of the
variety Bezostaya 1 is high content of magnesium
ions (Mg++) in RNA molecules and relatively low
variation of Mg++-depending molecularphysiological
responses for different environmental
conditions. The knowledge gained in the study of
variety of Bezostaya 1 contributes to the
understanding of molecular biological processes that
underlie the selection and determining its future
success
The article studies the influence of polymeric in
the form of formers and growth regulators on the
growth and development of rice plants when
grown in saline conditions. We controlled the effect
of salinity on grows regulators and vigor, seed
germination, root and shoot weight, the content of
photosynthetic pigments parameters, induction
curves of delayed fluorescence, the indicators of
structure of harvest, grain yield. It was found, that
pre-sowing seed soaking in solutions of polymer
grows regulators has a stimulating effect on the
growth and development of rice plants in the early
stages: we significantly increased germination and
emergence, dry weight of root and shoot compared
to control. At different stages of ontogeny
rice, the absolute content of pigments in the leaves
and the relationship between the individual variants
change. The absolute content of pigments in
leaves and their relationship between experiences
at different stages of ontogeny change. In the period
of intensive vegetative growth from seedling
stage the content of total chlorophyll is maximum,
and by the end of the growing season it decreases.
It can be assumed that the salinity of the substrate
significantly reduces the productivity of photosynthesis
in young plants, possibly due to imbalance
of ions in the cell, the older it gets – the weaker
the phenomenon is and even becomes reversed.
The second maximum IR ZF increases during the
growing season from germination to flowering,
then decreases to the beginning of ripening in all
embodiments. The same dynamics is characteristic
of the magnitude of the proton gradient in the
membranes of chloroplasts tylakoids. Salt protection
effect of growth regulators on grain yield is
significant on both backgrounds of mineral nutrition
Humpback whitefish - Coregonus lavaretus pidschian
(Gmelin, 1788), is spread in Siberia, in the Kara,
Laptev and East Siberian seas and in the lakes of the
Arctic and Subarctic. Objective: To assess the status of
fish in the waters of Yakutia, to make ecological
forecasts and determine the possibility and prospect of
economic use of whitefish, as a fish-breeding material
in the present conditions. Methods: The analysis was
carried out on the fresh material as described
I.Pravdina (1966), taking into account the
recommendations of Y. Reshetnikov (1980).
Collection and processing of materials were carried out
in 1969-2015 by standard methods. Results. Reaching
sexual maturity at the sixth (in weight - the eighth and
ninth) year of life, whitefish begin to move to the main
breeding groundsin the early fall. Absolute fecundity
of eggs 2500-140000. Spawning is common in late
September-early October. The food spectrum usually
consists of the following objects: chironomid larvae,
plants, mollusks, fish eggs and copepods. By the
nature of power - benthophage, but often becomes
planktonic organisms. Conclusions. Important food
fish, but its reserves significantly reducedunder the
influence of anthropogenic factors in recent years. The
catch of whitefish can be increased as a result of the
development of aquaculture
Numerous revealed negative impacts of the diamond
industry and Vilyuiskaya HPP on the aquatic
environment and biological objects are more expressed
in the change of the hydrochemical regime in water
basin of Viluy and as its consequence - in violation of
the structural and functional nature of the components
of aquatic biota; in the change of he average biomass
and abundance of planktonic populations
(phytoplankton and zooplankton) and benthic
organisms, and in general - in the change of the flow
energy in an aquatic ecosystem
Physical Sciences and Engineering
Tillage plays an important role in the production of
cereal and grains. The issues of improving the methods
applied for soil treatment aimed at improving its
quality significantly influencing crop yield have been
considered. Reducing of all types of costs: energy,
labor, money was also taken into consideration. In
this article, based on numerous studies we have proposed
to use the effect of oscillatory motion in the
working body of tillage, improving the design of
tillage machines, reducing the metal consumption of
the machine, the intensity of the process while increasing
quality of work. The article reveals issues
related to embedding of the new tillage of the working
body running in a horizontal plane and having
special tabs (blade), allowing it to make a reciprocating
rotational motion. This working body provides
the undercutting of a soil layer and root system of
weeds, the crumbling of the soil layer and its interaction
with the working surfaces of the blades. The
conditions of the sliding soil layer on the surface of
the working body and reducing the pressure of the
reservoir to the working body are proposed. It decreases
the compression of the reservoir and the tractive
resistance. We have substantiated the conditions
for reciprocating rotational motion of the proposed
disk of the working body in the working plane close
to the horizontal, when interacting with a layer of the
soil
The creation of machines and tools of new generation,
which represent high-efficiency, highperformance
and take less energy and metal is a
global challenge for the modern science. In this article,
based on numerous studies, it is proposed to use
the effect of oscillatory motion in the working body
of tillage, improving the design of tillage machines
that aims to reduce metal consumption, energy intensity
and improve quality of work. A new tillage
working body, running in a horizontal plane and having
special tabs (blades) allowing it to make a reciprocating
rotational motion has been presented. The
application of this working body provides agronomic,
environmental, energetic and economic efficiency
by trimming the layer of the soil and root system
of weeds, crumbling soil layer during its interaction
with the working surfaces of the blades. Due to
the reciprocating rotational motion, the cleaning of
the working body is observed. The constructive and
technological scheme of the working body and the
scheme of forces acting on the proposed working
body at the moment of penetration and the rotation of
the working body at a certain angle are offered. The
conditions for the reciprocating rotational motion of
the working body are obtained as well as differential
equations allowing considering the process of
movement of the working body. The article also reveals
expressions for the elementary forces acting on
the surface of the blade from the moving layer of soil
Fracture geometry depends on stresses and rock
properties in hydraulic fracturing operation. Poisson’s
ratio imports directly in the calculations related to
formation stresses. The most important reason for
limiting fracture height is the natural stresses contrast
resulting from the differences with Poisson ratios.
Without this difference, fracture would have largely
uncontrolled height. The goal of this study is
mathematical investigation of the effect of Poisson’s
ratio on the formation stresses that is necessary to select
value of breakdown pressure in hydraulic fracturing
operation. In this article, a mathematical model has been
coded using “MATLAB” software for prediction of
stresses in the various layers. This designed program is
able to present both digital and graphical output results
for different values of Poisson’s ratio. At the end,
stresses exerted on the different layers of the several real
oil reservoirs have simulated and breakdown pressures
have determined
The article deals with the problem of efficiency increase
of the control of the information with limited
distribution, which circulates in general purpose
information networks, by means of working out an
automated identification system of data with limited
distribution. The purpose of working out the system is
timely identification and prevention of leakage of
information with limited distribution. There is a
technique to construct a dictionary as a phase of working
out an automated identification system of data with
limited distribution suggested. It describes: 1) an order of
association of the word forms having one semantic value
in concepts which are designated by simple numbers; 2)
the order of association of concepts in the data
designated by natural numbers, thus the data identifier is
a product of concept identifiers; 3) an order of
representation of word forms their graphic bases; 4)
designation of intraphrase connectors in concepts
presented by word-combinations; 5) an order of
representation of word forms in the form of abstract type
of data - prefix tree; 6) an order of association of
concepts of the formalizable document in the general
prefix tree of graphic bases of word forms; 7) an order of
identification of graphic bases in the tree. It defines:
1) restrictions on the size of the dictionary at the use of
64-digit processors, in a case if the operational system
does not support arithmetics of repeated accuracy; 2) a
maximum quantity of concepts of an analyzed fragment
of the text; 3) the maximum value of the identifier of
concepts and a maximum quantity of concepts of the
dictionary. There is a table presented, illustrating the
correlation between these three values
We have provided technical solutions to improve performance
of technological systems for the preparation
of solutions and concrete based on the use of screw
rotors in the form of drums with helix lines formed on
the perimeter as interconnect lines of his spiral surfaces.
We discuss the six varieties of devices and installations
for mixing, including concrete mixers, reels
which are of a complicated geometric body formed by
helical surfaces with variable or constant pitch and
which creates screw lines in the places of their connection.
In the form of screw drums, they may be conical,
concave, convex, cylindrical. The experimental test
was conducted on the concrete mixer drums, which are
arranged one in the other. The implementation of the
mixer in the form of coaxially edited two barrels provides
not only a reduction in size in length, but a significant
reduction in energy consumption due to the
use of heat, released during the activation process of
inert heating of the concrete mix as when re-mixing
and concrete mix when mixing it with water and transportation.
The drums of such systems is made of flat
elements with the formation of the helical lines discretely
spaced around the perimeter of different pitch
and with different numbers directed towards each other
helical surfaces. In the process of transporting the
components of concrete in the internal screw drum
there is active mixture of sand, gravel and cement.
Thus, there is not only the destruction of lumpy, sticky
components of the raw materials, but also active uniform
distribution of particles of cement, sand and
gravel into a homogenous mass. The implementation
of the proposed technology and equipment ensures not
only reduction of the dimensions of the mixer length,
but also improving the quality of finished products, as
well as potential cement savings of 3-5%
The article studies dynamics of losses and the change
of composition of essential oil from split coriander
fruits. It is found, that in the fractions of split fruits,
extracted from long-stored commercial lots of raw
materials, mass fraction of essential oil is two or three
times lower than in whole fruits. In the composition of
essential oil from split fruits the content of valuable
components - linalool, geraniol, geranyl acetate is
slightly higher, and the content of undesirable
hydrocarbons and camphor is lower. It is shown that
from freshly split fruits, which were stored in a thin
layer in the open air, the oil was intensively lost in the
first three days, the losses reached 86 %. At the same
time, the composition of the oil changed: the content
of most volatile components - hydrocarbons decreased
several times and the content of high-boiling linalool,
geraniol, geranyl acetate significantly increased, which
increased the quality of the oil smell. The change of
composition is determined not only by the ratio of
components volatility. The content of relatively high
boiling camphor almost half decreased. This could be
associated with less ability of fruit tissue to sorb and
the ability of camphor to be easily sublimated.
The content of volatile n-cymene over time increased
with a simultaneous decrease in the content of γ–
terpinene, which confirmed predominantly chemical
way of n-cymene accumulation in coriander essential
oil in conditions conducive to oxidation. It is
recommended to separate the split fruits as soon as the
raw materials come to the plant and to process
immediately. Essential oil from split fruits can be used
to adjust the composition of individual lots of oil in
order to improve their quality, and to provide
extraction of valuable components – linalool and geraniol by vacuum rectification method
The deformation model of sand soil that takes into
account the formation of clusters of particles, and
method of measuring its characteristics is suggested.
The physical basis of the method is the effect of the
stepwise increasing of the sand probe at the odometer
pressure by the constant rate of loading and the
continuous measuring of deformation. The analysis of
settlement and its rate has been allowed to determine
the microstructural characteristics of the two-order
deformation model of sand. According to the proposed
model, with compression of the probe in odometer
compaction of the sand takes place due to local strains
on the sliding surfaces. The sliding surfaces allocate
clusters of sand, and the separated layers of clusters
are registered by device in the form of steps of
deformation. Layer formation of clusters is initiated by
the rigid stamps through the largest mineral grains.
Cluster layers create the asymmetric microstructure of
the sand probe, its compaction is non uniform but also
anisotropic. At the initial interval value of the pressure,
the formation of primary clusters occurs, and once they
cover the entire probe volume, the compaction of the
sand is by crushing them on the secondary smaller
cluster sizes. The change of mechanism of the
compaction is manifested in the sharp decrease of the
settlement rate. The compaction process continues
while a larger increment of pressure at each step. The
deformation model allows compute the pressure value
at which the compaction of the sand reaches the
theoretical limit
The article is devoted to the development of
high-tech metal-working industry, as well as to
the use of unmanned technology. We
recommended measures to improve the
accuracy and quality of manufacturing of
complex and large workpieces weighing up to
100 tons. To date, the technical level of many
economy sectors is largely determined by the
level of the production means. Based on the
engineering development there is an overall
automation and mechanization of production
and industry processes, construction,
agriculture, transport and other industries. We
analyzed forms of slide sections, of errors
affecting the accuracy of the workpieces
manufacturing. We made simulation of the
cutting forces and sliders deformations. Solved
measures increase manufacturing accuracy
based on multi-purpose machine tool systems of
VM series. We held the analysis of the
dependence of cutting forces, a slider form on
its strain in different types of processing. We
obtained a graph of cutting force and precision
manufacturing. We defined the optimal shape of
the slider cross section to increase the rigidity
and reduce the slide deformation in metal
cutting
The article is devoted to actual problems of ecological
monitoring of conditions of small rivers in the North
Caucasus and southern Russia. We are giving here the
results of researches of natural and economic
conditions and the current state of the river Nalchik
near the city of Nalchik, which is typical for many
small rivers. The materials of engineering researches
and inspections of the territory of the urbanized areas of
the river are brought with the detailed analysis of the
results of the destroyed and broken areas. We describe
the causes of the destruction of man-made protective
and regulatory structures and the factors of their impact
on the water protecting coastal zone and the
hydrological regime of rivers. The effective method of
regulation of short sites of the small rivers with use of
groins and flexible biopositive nature protection
technologies is offered. According to the complex
research effective measures to improve the ecological
state of the rivers on the example of Nalchik are
offered. The rationale for the development of
environmental monitoring in all urbanized coastal
zones of small rivers and their cadastral registration is
made. The main findings of the analytical and
experimental research on different areas specific to the
small rivers of the North Caucasus and southern Russia
are brought here
The article reveals main reasons for developing
tendencies to the using of new types of energy, which
are limited supply of traditional fuels and
environmental problems associated with its
processing. It is shown that new forms of energy
plays an important role in the energy supply of many
countries of the world, and in the future they can
become the main sources of energy to meet the
growing needs of the global economy. We reveal
main reasons of the increasing interest in renewable
energy, and we show the obvious prospects of their
use, due to two factors. First, according to experts,
the global reserves of traditional fuels are limited, and
secondly, this was evidenced by the investments of
leading countries in this promising industry. The
article lists reasons for the need for the use of
renewable energy sources in Russia. Increased
consumption of natural resources has become a real
threat to the security of the life of human society. The
basis of solving modern social and environmental
problems is a transition to a regulated process of safe
use of natural energy potential to meet the vital needs
of people not only in the coming decades, but in the
long run. It is concluded, that the determining
condition for the development of the human
civilization at present and in the future would be the
level of natural resources which ensures the needs of
the population without making harm to the
environment
The article presents a technical diagnostics of a car as a complex of goals and tasks connected with
trouble-shooting of mechanisms and systems in
order to eliminate them. We have considered the
stages of computer diagnostics of different
automobile systems such as diagnosing the engine,
the brake system, steering and suspension. We have
analyzed their components, the ways of troubleshooting
and elimination recommendations. The
article presents the main troubles transferred from
the electronic control unit. The article also presents
the stages of diagnosing the engine including
external examination, listening to abnormal noises,
checking the operating fluids and the engine
management system, diagnosing the basic engine
systems and checking the cylinders being filled.
The article contains the list of main troubles and
their reasons. One can also see diagnosing the brake
system, its defects and remedies. The article
presents diagnostics and repair of the suspender and
graphics describing the check of the dismantled
shock strut at the stand and tests of the shock strut
without being dismantled. We have analyzed
computer diagnostics and the problems it solves
The main reason of the developmental delay of the RF
livestock sector below the level of its inherent
potential capacity is a detrimental alteration in
methodological procedure of livestock and poultry
management, occurring due to shortage of traditional
feeds. As a result, a necessity to develop the yearlong
production of additional fodders, allowing for balanced
feeding throughout the year, arose. The method of
hydroponic green fodder (HGF) cultivation meets
these requirements. Analysis of HGF production
methods and labor saver mechanisms makes possible
to claim that existing systems are characterized by
high costs and difficulties in fabrication, and require a
number of additional mechanical devices to work. In
the FSBEI HE “KSMTU”, a one-tier hydroponic
system has been developed, fitted with curved (arched)
guideways and rigid elastic load-carrying components,
where loading of seeds and takeout of grown HGF
occur by gravity without additional devices of labour
input. Based on analysis performed on design features
of the proposed system, it has been established that
emergence of parametric resonances in the system
under consideration is possible; and the study of tray
dynamical stability has been carried out with the aim
to prevent them. The motion of the hydroponic system
tray under consideration is described by the classical
Mathieu equation, including two parameters a and q.
The further studies of sets of stable and unstable
solutions in the plane of a and q parameters are
presented by the Ince-Strutt diagram. As a result of the
performed calculations, the diameter of the loadcarrying
component was identified (d=5 mm), which should ensure reliable working capacity and stability
of the hydroponic system in whole
STRUCTURE AND CONTENTS OF A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM IN THE PREFERENTIAL MEDICINAL MAINTENANCE SPHERE
According to the Federal Law "On state social
assistance" of 17 July 1999 ( 178-FL), the medicaleconomic
preferential drugs prescription control
(MEC) is considered to be one of the tools for
improving the management activity by enhancing the
information efficiency and reliability at all
management levels in the health care hierarchical
structure. MEC is one of the medical care quality
examination forms. Theoretical and applied research
of system linkages and regularities of the MEC
process functioning is a relevant direction of
information technologies development in medicine.
The importance of application of system analysis
methods to the health care sphere consists in the
development of new and the improvement of existing
methods and analysis tools, data processing and
management of complex automation systems of
medical and economic drugs prescription validity
control (MEC) planning. The developed decision
support system (DSS) includes the MEC information
system as basic and the ABC / VEN-analysis
subsystem, implemented as a standalone application.
The interaction between the DSS modules is provided
by the unified exchange formats of preferential recipes
data. At the same time, the MEC information system
and ABC / VEN-analysis subsystem could be the most
effective tools as an integral part of situational centers
The article presents the criteria for evaluating the
integration of researchers in the scientific community,
based on an analysis of its citations. It is known, that
one of the major components of interscientific
communication (communication in the scientific
community) is a citation of scientific publications
(monographs, articles, etc.). According to the
sociological approach, a scientist is a part of society, ie,
scientific community; under scientific community we
understand scientific mega environment (opposed to
research groups of institutions and their structural units).
Integration of a researcher to the community has many
aspects: on the one hand, it is - the importance of his
work to the scientific community, on the other hand, it is - the use of a scientist social mega environment for
building for their personal and professional
development to improve their research and improve the
quality of its results (in the context of the article we will
consider the second aspect). Methodological bases of
the research: systematic, competence, sociological, and
mega-system qualimetric approaches. Methods:
modeling, methods of quality control, methods of set
theory, relations and graphs. Evaluation (diagnostics)
involvement of scientists in the scientific community -
is more complicated metrology task than the evaluation
of the significance of the results of its research
activities. For the authors it is clear that a mature
scientist (with a high level of research competence)
should intensively use the potential of the social and the
cultural science international environment (community)
for their personal and professional development, to
improve the efficiency of this research activities and the
quality of this results. The proposed indicators can be
considered as group indicator variables reflecting the
level of the behavioral component of the research
competence (scientist). Using social media for
researcher’s potential – it is necessary, but not sufficient
condition for productive research, producing goodquality
scientific results. In this situation, negative
prognosis is more significant: poor use of social media
for researcher’s potential – is a "guarantee" for low
productivity of this research activities and the low
quality of this results. Only the combination of the
highest levels of readiness for research (research
competence) with high levels of other competences (as a
whole - the social and professional competence,
implying the presence of the professional skills of selforganization)
can be the factors of successful research
Currently a significant proportion of the cost of
agricultural production is energy costs. Therefore,
considerable attention is paid to energy and resource
saving equipment and technology. In this regard, the
role and importance of the energy assessment of
machines, allowing determining not only the power
characteristics of the power, but fuel consumption
per unit of cultivated area or per unit of output.
Conducting energy assessment of machines and
equipment reduces the economic and labor costs, at
the expense of more detailed and optimal selection of
machines and units for performing certain
manufacturing operations in agricultural production.
In the article we describe energy evaluation of
different tillage agricultural machinery aimed at
determining energy consumption when executing the
set of technological operations machines and
equipment on the operation modes set by the
standards under which stable the operations are
performed. The use of the results of energy
assessments on traction characteristics of agricultural
machines and tractors will allow getting the
maximum effect when performing technological
operations. In turn, the lack of monitoring of key
energy performance of cars during their operation
leads to a partial use, which increases costs
In the article, we develop the software for process of
confidential data detection based on the knowledge
bases technology. The algorithm of detection of
confidential data in the electronic documents
transferred outbound of protected information system,
due to application of linguistic technologies of the
thorough text analysis is presented. The estimation of
computing complexity of the developed algorithm is
made up. The developed data structures and algorithm
are realized in the programming language C++.
Results of the experiments, confirmed workability of
the developed algorithm are presented. The performed
experimental researches of the developed algorithm
have shown its practical applicability. The estimation
of quality of confidential data detection is made up.
The obtained estimations of detection quality have
shown, that the developed structures of data and
algorithm provide more effective and qualitative
solution of problems of the confidential information
detection in electronic documents, at due to application
of knowledge bases technology where the subject
domain of the analyzed information is considered.
Distinctive feature of the developed algorithm of
confidential data detection is the use of rapid access to
hashed concept ontographs simultaneous
implementation of knowledge base rules, which allows
raising indicators of completeness and accuracy of
detection. A scope of application of the developed
software is the protection frames of the information
intended for revealing of an information transfer
containing data of confidential character in electronic
documents outbound of protected information system
with violation of security policy
The article analyzes the proprietary methods of
processing of vegetable raw materials and secondary
resources with the use of electromagnetic fields (EMF
SHF). Analysis of the database of Rospatent World
Intellectual Property Organization led to the conclusion
that EMF SHF used in the processing of vegetable raw
materials in the following processes: drying, reduction
of microbial contamination (decontamination), juice
production and extraction. It is established that the
application of EMF SHF is the most effective in
preparation for drying a plant raw material and not
directly at the stage of drying, thus reducing the loss of
heat-labile active compound in the drying process, and
therefore obtain a finished product of higher quality
and nutritional value. The patented methods of
extraction of vegetable raw materials extraction process
performed that extracting directly EMF SHF does not
allow pre-hold inactivate enzymes contained in the raw
material and lead to undesirable oxidative and
hydrolytic processes, and hence a decrease in the yield
of extractable substances in the extract and the
deterioration of its quality . Therefore, as in the case of
drying plant material, EMF SHF can be more
effectively used in preparation for an extraction
process. Based on the analysis, it was concluded that
the relevance of developments in the field of
technologies of processing of vegetable raw materials and secondary resources using EMF SHF at the stage
of their preparation for such basic processes - drying,
extraction, etc.
The article presents the results of the patent
research in the field of modern production
technologies of Inulin from plant material. It has
been established that the differences of the currently
known methods of production of inulin are
concluded in selecting raw materials pretreatment
inulin-containing modes type extractant and
extraction methods, methods of purification
inulincontaining extract and methods for producing
the final product. A significant amount of Inulin
production methods is based on use of freshly
feedstock. A number of methods have been
patented involving the extraction Inulin from plant
raw materials previously stabilized by drying. In
most of the methods, inulin extraction is carried out
at elevated temperatures with water or aqueous salt
solutions. Several technologies involve extraction
with organic solvents at low temperatures. Have
been patented several processes in which the
extraction is replaced by a separation process using
inulincontaining juice and physical and mechanical
methods. Some of the known processes provide for
the extraction process to further operations, such as
blanching vegetable raw materials, sonication,
vibration impact, processing enzymes. The most
promising direction to improve manufacturing
technology of inulin from fresh plant raw materials
is to conduct research on the use of electromagnetic
fields at microwave frequencies, the inactivating effects of which on enzyme systems is an
established fact that, in turn, would eliminate the
use of chemical agents for inactivation of oxidative
enzymes. In addition, considering that more
effective are the methods for the preparation of
inulin from freshly harvested plant material, are
relevant researches on development of innovative
technologies to prepare it for storage and its
storage, which will provide inhibition of unwanted
biochemical and microbiological processes that
occur during storage and lead to a loss of inulin
We have illustrated multiple factor analysis of the
dynamic friction coefficient of the friction units in
tribosystem and tribounits under laboratory conditions.
As the tribosystem we had a model band-block brake
with regime parameters of the control handle tension
of the brake and brake work. By using the method of
the mathematical planning of the extreme experiments,
we have obtained functional dependence of the
dynamic friction coefficient of the variable parameters
in the form of a second-order polynomial, which
adequately describe the processes under study. As
tribounit at the micro- and nanoscale there was the
reference change of the dynamic friction coefficient of
the pair "Retinax FC-24A – Steel 35HNL" as a
function of surface temperature, the values of which
correspond to certain laws, based on the rise and fall of
the characteristics of the dynamic friction coefficient.
We have made the evaluation of the dynamic friction
coefficient on the principle of the superposition with
the multiple factor analysis of the following
parameters: the process of forced cooling and heating;
the processes of the polarization and depolarization in
the contact patch of the micropoints of friction pairs;
the type of the contacts of the micropoints depending
on the work function of the electrons and ions from
materials; the formation of primary and secondary
structures on the surfaces of frictional contact; the
destruction and restoration of the pellicles on surfaces,
etc. We have analyzed the results of the studies of
changes of the dynamic friction coefficient on the
macro-, micro- and nanoscale and we have found the
basic factors affecting its value
The main direction of reducing the cost of soil
treatment based on resource-saving technologies is
the transition to surface treatment of soil with disk
tools. Double-row and four-row disc tools are manufactured.
Four-row tools significantly increase
tillage intensity. In the disk tools, the spherical disc
is fixed on the individual pole. Disc headers are
equipped with a rigid adjustment fixing the
standalone pole to the frame. Recommended operating
speed is up to 12 km/h. The advantage of a disc
header over the disc harrow is as follows: winding
plant residues on the axis are excluded. Disc
mulchers are equipped with a spiral bar on which a
spherical disk is mounted. The presence of the elastic
element allows the working unit to do lowfrequency
oscillations during movement. The result
of processing is the formation of mulch in the layer
of soil, which is a mixture of plant residues and soil
particles with a diameter of up to 25 mm. To assess
the effectiveness of the disc mulcher and the disc
header a unit is composed. The initial data for calculation
are as follows: tractor HTZ-150K, the resistivity
of the soil is 6 kN/m, disk tool working
width is 4 m, operating speed of the disc header is
12 km/h, operating speed of the disc mulcher is 15
km/h. Technical and economic performance of these
units is defined during disking the soil. The
choice of energy-saving operating regime was made
in a well-known manner. Theoretical value of slippage
of the leading tractor with disk mulcher was
6%, against 9% with the disc header. Working
speed of the mulcher made up 14.07 km/h against
10,89 of the disc header. The performance of the
unit with the mulcher made up 16.21 hectares, disc
harrow performance is 12,54 ha. Fuel mass flow of
mulcher decreased by 29% and made 9.68 kg/ha.
Using mulcher for surface treatment of the soil allows
to reduce the tillage energy costs thanks to
resource-conserving technologies
In the article we have considered the self-balanced
potato sorting machine differing from existing designs
of self-balanced potato sorting machines with an oscillatory
electric drive. That drive uses a linear induction
motor. As the counterbalancing device, the method of
the duplicating mechanism is applied. The duplicating
mechanism is a specular reflection of the main working
body, and also participates in technological process.
Its application in the drive of machine allows not
only to increase efficiency of cleaning, drying and
sorting of potatoes, but also to increase reliability of
sorting installation that corresponds to the newest
tendencies of development of technology. We have
brought the mathematical model of the offered electric
drive of potato sorting machine, which is implemented
in the environment of object and visual modeling of
Matlab |Simulink|. The mathematical model allows
investigating influence of parameters of the linear induction
electric drive on parameters of oscillatory process
of working body in dynamics. The developed
technique of research and the created experimental
potato sorting machine with the linear induction drive
have confirmed theoretical researches. The main kinematic
sizes of machine and technical parameters of
individual nodes are determined. It is shown, that the
efficiency of inertial transportation can be increased
for 20% in comparison with the classical drive from
the motor of rotation. Results of research will allow to
realize energetically and technologically effective potato
sorting machines with the linear induction drive
In poultry industry, animal breeding, greenhouses and
vegetable stores a significant amount of fans with
asynchronous motors is used to create a microclimate.
The fan speed of the fan should be regulated in order
to improve the efficiency, so the multispeed motors are
used for the fan drives. Line produced two-speed motors
with a proportion of the poles number 1:2 have a
polar-switched Dahlander stator winding. Two-speed
motors with a proportion of the poles number 3:2 and
4:3 have only one stator winding which is poleswitched
by the method of amplitude phase shift keying.
A drawback of the windings is that they have different
energy indicators at different spin rates. In order
to create rational diagrams with switching according to
the number of poles, which is multiple of three, it is
proposed to implement a polyphase MMF modulation
of the three-phase winding. As a result of the study,
there were procured the stator windings at 4 and 6
poles, which enabled to change the spin speed of the
motor in the fan drives without breaking the drive
power circuit by the scheme Δ / ΥΥ
Life Sciences
The article presents the results of studying the effect of
different lengths of fruit vines with the same load
wintering buds of bushes on the yield and quality of
Moldova grapes. It was found that the biological
indicators of fruiting Moldova grapes improved by
lengthening fruit vines, taking into account weather
conditions. Shortening the vines increases germination
and fruitfulness degree base buds and reserve buds.
Productivity is increased by lengthening fruit vines. It
is determined by the degree of fruitfulness buds of the
vine, the development of floscules of wintering buds,
bunch and berries weight, number of berries in
bunches. The optimum is pruning vines to 10-12 buds.
Harmonious taste, weight of bunches and berries,
transportability factor fixed high yield of grapes
standard (85,6-86,4%) with different length of fruit
vines. The highest productivity of leaves makes
pruning fruit vines to 10-12 buds. The strength of
shoot growth and volume growth of bushes reduced at
an elongation of the fruit vines. The more moderate
growth of shoots observed at long (10-12 buds)
pruning vines. There is no significant difference to the
degree of maturation of shoots with different length
vines. In order to increase the yield of Moldova grapes
in the central zone of the Krasnodar region expedient
cut fruit vines to 10-12 buds
The article gives the results of the study of the texture
of the grapes and biochemical characteristics of red
wine grape varieties of Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet
Franc, Merlot, Sapeari, Tsimladar, Pinot Noir for the
production of juice of direct extraction and blending.
The studied varieties in terms of the structure of the
cluster may be divided into three groups of blackpinene
(21.1), Cabernet Franc and Tsimladar (18.7 -
17.5), Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Saperavi (16.5 -
16.8) , and bunches of addition in terms of two groups
- Tsimladar (17.6), Cabernet - Sauvignon and other
(15.6 - 16.4). The structural component of grapes varieties
ranged from 5.2 to 5.9, berry index - from 62.1 to
83.4, the output of the wort from 74.2 to 76.3%. The
content of sugars and acids in the berries of all varieties
is favorable for the production of beverages. The
largest Tartaric acid content was found in the juice of
the varieties of Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Black,
malic acid - in the juice of varieties Saperavi, Merlot,
Tsimladar, citric acid - in the juice Tsimladar varieties,
Cabernet Sauvignon, Saperavi. The ratio of tartaric
acid to the content of the apple juice Cabernet Sauvignon
was 2.9: 1, Cabernet Franc 2.6: 1, Pinot Black
2.5: 1, Merlot and Tsimladar 1.6: 1, 1.1 Sapevari: 1.
According to the content of potassium cations, sodium,
magnesium and calcium there were chosen three varieties
of Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc. The
lowest content of potassium and magnesium cations
was in the variety of Tsimladar, Sodium – in the varieties
Merlot and Saperavi, calcium – in Saperavi. Excellent
tasting commended for juices was given to
Cabernet Sauvignon, Saperavi, Tsimladar, good – to
Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Pinot black. Best blending
juice obtained by mixing the juice of the grape of the
varieties of Cabernet Sauvignon and Pinot black
70:30, Saperavi and Pinot black 50:50. From the
grapes of produced varieties, we can produce juice and varietal by name ampelographic variety and blended to
extend the range
Improving the technology of alfalfa cultivation and
increasing its productivity for the Kuban region
have great practical significance nowadays. The
research of proper environmental and economical
systems of fertilizers that provide balanced nutrition
plays an important role in the growing of crops. As
a result, we have found that for specific soil and
climatic conditions when using optimal doses of
mineral fertilizers it is possible to have stable high
yields of good quality alfalfa
In the leached black soils of the foothill zone of the
Kabardino-Balkarian Republic on the territory of
training experimental plant of FSBEI HE
Kabardino-Balkarian state agricultural university
named after V.M. Kokova we have studied the
effect of soil and climatic conditions of area of
cultivation and application of micro – macro
fertilizers, plant growth regulators and biological
products on the crops of lentils, their impact on the
efficiency and quality. It is proved that in general,
the natural conditions of the foothill zone are
favorable for cultivation and obtaining high yields
of major crops. The analysis of meteorological
conditions of the area (typical for the whole area)
shows that there are great reserves and
opportunities to obtain high and stable yields of
lentils grains. These morphological, genetic and
agrochemical parameters of leached chernozem
growing zones suggest the soil favorable to the
growth and development of lentils. On average,
during the years of studies, the number of plants on
which we had marked tubercles, on the example of
Rauza varieties in the background variant, was
63.7%; the use of the drug called Agropon C in
combination with sodium selenite increased by
15.2% the number of plants with root nodules.
Increasing the number of plants with root nodules
was accompanied with increasing the number and
weight of nodules per plant by 8.1 pc. and 10.1 mg.
respectively. The highest yield - 2.66 t/ha under
experimental conditions was obtained in the form
of joint use of the drug Agropon C and sodium
selenite with a seeding rate of 2.2 million viable
seeds per hectare, which is higher than the
reference version for this seeding rate by 0.46 t/ha
or 17.3%. The maximum value indicators of protein content in the seeds and collecting the
protein per unit area reached with the use of joint
application of Agropon C and sodium selenite,
where we achieved the seeding rate of 2.2 million
of germinating seeds per hectare and made up
29.6% and 787 kg/ha, respectively
In our country, great influence is given to the
production and consumption of agricultural animals'
meat with high consumer qualities. In this regard, the
livestock producers, particularly pigs, are to increase
production and improve product quality. Works on
using some natural mineral complexes - bentonite and
zeolites as a source of macro - and trace elements are
performed. The aim of the research is to study the
effects of bentonite feeding with free access on the
meat productivity and hygienic meat quality of young
pigs for fattening. Best effect on the slaughter indexes
of fattening gilts had bentonite feeding with free
access that resulted in significant superiority of the
animals in the experimental group over the control
counterparts on pre-slaughter live weight, slaughter
weight, chilled carcass weight, slaughter yield, carcass
length, the "muscle" eye area and the backgammon
weight. More favorable effect in the longest muscle on
the dry matter and protein synthesis was provided by
bentonite feeding with free access. Due to this, the
gilts of the experimental group were in significant
advance of their control counterparts in concentration
of dry matter and protein in meat. Along with this, the
longest muscle of young pigs on fattening in the
experimental group had the highest protein value, as
according to the protein-qualitative indicator the
animals of this group were in significant advance of
the control counterparts. Feeding bentonite clay with
free access had a strong detoxifying effect that is
against control counterparts of gilts in the experimental
group showed the significant reduce of lead, zinc and
cadmium concentrations in the meat
For further increasing pork production and to increase
its quality it is necessary to provide complete and
balanced feeding of young pigs for fattening. The
special place takes the issue of satisfying their
physiological needs in macro and micronutrients. The
most cost-effective step in these circumstances is using
bentonite clays as natural mineral supplements. The
aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition
of bentonite of Zamankulskaya field on the energy
growth, digestibility and the digestibility of nutrients
of the diet of young pigs. According to the results of
the survey, the best productive effect was when
ensuring free access to the bentonite, so that the young
pigs of the 3rd experimental group vs control group had
significant superiority according to gross and average
daily live weight gain and feed products. According to
the results of scientific and economic experience, it
was found that with free access to the bentonite best
economic and useful indicators were observed in the
animals of the 3rd experimental group against the
control analogs, as they had significant superiority in
terms of absolute live weight gain and feed
consumption per unit of production. During the
physiological exchange of experience the most
beneficial effect on the hydrolysis of complex organic
compounds had bentonite feeding with free access of
pigs. The result was a significant superiority of the
experimental animals over the control ones in
coefficients of digestibility of dry matter, organic
matter, crude protein, crude fat and NFE. To improve
the digestibility and absorption of nutrients in the diet
of young pigs it is advisable to feed them with
bentonite clay as natural mineral supplements with free
access
The article analyzes the state of the domestic beekeeping.
It is proposed, as a paradigm of the industrial
beekeeping, to use honey and pollination systems.
Over the past 25 years, because the hard economic
reforms in the public sector, there was almost double
reduction of honey collection. Russian beekeeping is in
the hard situation because of the low yields and the use
of outdated technologies. Russia's share in the global
honey market does not exceed 1 %. A more viable
was apiaries of private households. Beekeepers receive
a basic income from the sale of honey. Meanwhile, in
developed countries more than 60% of the income of
integrated use of honeybees account for pollination
activities. In modern conditions of the Russian vector
of development of beekeeping should be its production
and technological re-equipment, improving its bioecological
principles and socio - economic transformation
of the infrastructure sector. Using mobile honey-
pollination systems, which provide bees with feed
conveyor due to the frequent movement of the apiary,
honey plant and beekeepers can reduce the cost of
manual labor for loading and unloading hives. In the
Kuban Agrarian University we designed the pavilion
design (RF patent number 2,284,103 ), awarded with a
silver medal of Concours Lepine (France, Paris ). Using
a mobile pavilion allows to conduct all production
functions: honey and pollination production and reproduction,
ensuring the competitiveness of the industry
The article presents results of the studies that
obtained because of the long-term experience of the
Department of Agricultural Chemistry of Kuban
State Agrarian University. We have found the
optimal dose of micronutrients at different levels of
mineral nutrition, to achieve maximum yield of
green mass of alfalfa quality. We have calculated the
dynamics of the accumulation of nutrients in plants
throughout the growing season
The use of physical factors for preplant stimulation
of seeds increases vigor, germination and improves
the yield of agricultural products. One of the effective
ways to improve seed grain quality is to impact
on the seeds using physical factors, in particular, an
alternating electromagnetic field of industrial frequency
of 50 Hz (EMF of IF of 50 Hz). We studied
the impact of EMF of IF of 50 Hz on the energy
germination of mid-ripening spring barley seeds of
promising varieties Vakula, Vikont, Ratnik. Carrying
out the experimental studies we used a laboratory
setup with annular pole points of rectangular
cross section. Our disperse analysis resulted in data
on germinative energy of seeds of spring barley
varieties Vakula, Vikont, Ratnik, which showed that
while treating seeds of spring barley by an alternating
electromagnetic field of industrial frequency of
50Hz, we obtained the best values of germinative
energy of seeds of Variety Vikont with a mode of
processing being equal to W = 16%, T = 2 c, L =
0,03 m
One of the prospect directions in new sunflower
hybrid development is cold resistance breeding in
the emergency stage. Sunflower hybrids with
uniform emergency and high rate growth under the
low temperature conditions could allow to
introduce sunflower in the new regions of our
country and so to increase sunflower acreage. The
aim of our work was to screen all sunflower
available samples for growth rate under the low
temperature and to select the best lines and initial
material for future breeding. 140 sunflower lines of
VNIIMK breeding and hybrid populations on their
base were used as a material. Seeds of every sample
were incubated during the 10 days in the thermostat
under 100 С. Seed germination was evaluated for
the each sample along with the seedling size. As a
result the most prospective samples were selected
for the future breeding work. On the second stage
of the experiment one selected population was
evaluated on the Breeding station of Vavilov’s AllRussian
Research Institute of Plant Industry in the
city of Pushkin (Leningrad region). Seeds from the
best plants were obtained in this place and will be
used for the new lines development.
So the effectiveness of selection of sunflower
samples for growth rate under the low temperature
was verified and this method could be used to
introduce sunflower in the new regions of our
country with more severe climatic conditions
Development of confectionery sunflower openpollinated
varieties (OP-varieties) is a prospect
direction in sunflower breeding. High price level
for confectionery sunflower seeds pushes forward
the breeding program. Contrary, it is necessary to
offer product, meeting consumer’s expectation for
large seeds, good dehulling rate, proper oil and
husk content. The aim of our work is to study
morphometric peculiarities of seed structure for
sunflower OP-varieties of different types – oil and
confectionery, and to identify the best samples for
using in the breeding program as an initial material.
The study was done at All-Russia Oil Crops
Research Institute (VNIIMK) named by V.S.
Pustovoit (Krasnodar) in 2014 and 2015. Seeds of
6 OP sunflower varieties of VNIIMK breeding
were used as a material (confectionery type –
Dzhinn, SPK, Lakomka, Oreshek, Borodinskiy and
oil-type – Muster). OP-varieties were sown by
randomized blocks with 3 replications. Every plot
had 4 rows. It was shown that seeds of
confectionery sunflower OP-varieties had higher
values of main traits (length, width and thickness)
in comparison with oil-type sunflower. Seed traits
analyses allowed identifying the best confectionery
samples (Dzhinn and Oreshek) for future breeding
Side products obtained during processing of many oil
crops, have a high feed value and use in rations of
animals and birds. The important thing in feeding
poultry is protein nutritional value of forages and
their biological integrity, expressed in amino acid
composition. In this regard, there was a comparative
analysis of the chemical and amino acid composition
traditionally used in compound feeds for poultry,
sunflower cake, and previously unexamined mustard
protein-containing feed concentrate called "Gorlinka".
During the research, it was found that the studied new
feed additive is better comparing to sunflower meal,
considering protein content and essential amino acids
This article presents the results of the impact of
"Gorlinka" mustard protein-containing feed
concentrate in the feeding of broiler chicken of the
cross of "Cobb-500" on their performance and
nutrient digestibility of the feed. The studies were
conducted in the conditions of Krasnodonskaya
Poultry farm in the Ilovlinskiy district of the
Volgograd region. Full or partial replacement of
sunflower meal with "Gorlinka" mustard proteincontaining
feed concentrate in the feed mixture for
the experimental broiler chickens contributes to the
increase of the coefficients of digestibility of nutrients
compared to the birds in the control group. The use of "Gorlinka" mustard protein-containing feed
concentrate in the composition of feed for broiler
chickens has contributed to higher coefficients of
digestibility of nutrients: dry matter – 0.51-1,37%,
organic matter – 0.6-1,99 %, crude protein by 0.8-
2,24 %, crude fiber – 0,34-1,65 %; crude fat – 0.94-
2,29%, compared to the birds in the control group.
Nitrogen balance was positive in all groups; the use of
nitrogen from the accepted experimental broiler
chickens was higher in the experimental groups than
in the control by 2.89-of 7.93 %. The use of nitrogen
from digested nitrogen was higher in the experimental
groups in comparison with the analogues from the
control group by 2.65-of 7.97 %. The use of calcium
and phosphorus by poultry was also higher in the
experimental groups
This article presents the results of using "Gorlinka"
mustard protein-containing feed concentrate, instead
of sunflower meal in the feeding of broiler chickens
of the cross of "Cobb-500". The studies were
conducted in the conditions of Krasnodonskaya
Poultry farm of the Ilovlinskiy district of the
Volgograd region. Replacing sunflower meal with a
product of processing of oilseeds which is "Gorlinka"
mustard protein-containing concentrate, in the feed
mixture in the experimental broilers had a positive
impact on the productivity, physiological state of the
birds, product quality and economic performance.
The use of this mustard protein-containing feed
concentrate in feeding of meat birds contributes to the increase of live weight by 3.46-of 6.65% and
slaughter yield by 1.38-1.98% and improvement of
quality indicators of the carcasses. Morphological and
biochemical parameters in experimental broiler
chickens in all the groups were within the
physiological norm, which indicates a normally
occurring redox processes in the poultry organism.
However, adding "Gorlinka" mustard proteincontaining
feed concentrate into experimental feed for
broiler chickens contributed to the increase in the
content of total protein, calcium, phosphorus in blood
serum in comparison with analogues from the control
group that received sunflower cake. As a result of the
research, the economic effect in the experimental
groups was up 710,40-1085,53 rubles
In the conditions of grey forest soils in the Bryansk
region among the fodder crops widespread mixed legume-cereal
crops. The results showed that the photosynthetic
activity of cereals and leguminous crops and
their yields in mixed crops depended on made of biological
and mineral nitrogen fertilizers. It is established
that the nitrogen in the form of ammonium nitrate has
a positive impact on the formation of assimilating leaf
surface, photosynthetic potential and net productivity
and yield of grain mixture in lupine-barley and soybean
-barley cropping and pea-barley crops the use of
nitrogen in the form of potassium nitrate was more
favorable. It was found that in lupine-barley crops the
active symbiotic potential has increased by 25,5% and
the yield increased by 21,3% , in soybean-barley crops
28,5% and 19,2% respectively, due to the joint use of a
mixture of symbiotic and associative rhizobacteria and
mineral nitrogen in the form of ammonium nitrate in
the dose of N60. In pea-barley agrocenosis it has improved
the efficiency of cultivation of joint application
of mixed inoculant symbiotic and associative rhizobacteria
on the background of the application of mineral
nitrogen in the form of potassium nitrate in the dose of
N60, where there was an increase of the active symbiotic
potential by 34,7% and grain yield by 24,7% compared
to the option when adding the mixture of biological
products
The article examines the creation of the expert system
in the development of epiphytotics in winter bread
wheat sowing. Increasing the accuracy of the forecast
epiphytotics should be based on the improvement
forecasting of move daily temperature (minimum,
maximum and average). In this case, the calculation
algorithm must not be cumbersome. In the algorithm,
there are indicators of cyclical annual variations of
temperature, i.e. the change in average daily
temperatures for the year. For the treatment method of
local forecast of daily average temperatures during the
year used data of meteorological station for 9 years.
Having considered the main issues to epidemics of
brown rust and its influence on the production of
wheat cenoses, you can proceed to the modeling expert
logic. The analysis includes the following indicators:
cultivated variety; agricultural machinery (predecessor,
fertilizer, pre-processing, and others.); general
condition of sowing; phase of plant development at the
time of the field survey; date of onset of the disease (if
selected); prevalence of sowing at the time of
observation. Installed that the purposeful creation of
varieties of winter wheat resistant to the pathogen, it is
necessary to carry out environmental testing stability
as a latent breeding and recommended sources and
sustainability of donors, which will allow to plan
economic occupancy resistant genotypes of winter
wheat
The article considers approaches to conducting longterm
observations, i.e. monitoring of the
immunological characteristics of varieties of winter
wheat. In our work, we use the following grading
system for the immunological characteristics of winter
wheat varieties for resistance to leaf rust in various
stages of ontogeny: evaluation of sustainability in the
seedlings in a phytotron, greenhouse complex;
evaluation sustainability in a field of artificial
infectious background; immunological evaluation
based on phytosanitary monitoring in different
ecological zones. In the initial stages, all the material is
pre-tested in the field of infectious hatchery. We have
performed an evaluation on the intensity of lesion and
the type of plant response to the introduction of the
pathogen. This approach allows getting rid of
susceptible genotypes for a year. To describe the
spread of rust, i.e., increase in population numbers we
have used two types of curves: J-shaped and S-shaped.
The article considers several winter wheat cultivars
differing in susceptibility to leaf rust. It is established,
that the increase in the population of brown rust occurs
in conditions with limited food resources and it is
described by the Ferxulsta function. Monitoring
studies allow developing models taking into account
the promotion of the parasite and its pressure on wheat
cenosis as well as allow building an expert system that
optimizes the protection of plants against leaf rust and
used to study the behavior of genotypes with different
immunological parameters when creating a model
class
Currently, we are constantly improving the recipes of
fish feeds, this reduces the cost of feed per gain, and it
overall decreases cost of fish. We search for
alternative cheaper sources of nutrients. Leftovers of
vegetable oil and oil extraction industry such as oil
cakes and meals have been used as high-protein feed
additives for a long time. This requires a strict
scientific control, precluding the possibility of their
harmful effects on animal health. In this regard, there
was a comparative analysis of the chemical and
amino acid composition traditionally used in
compound feeds for sturgeons of sunflower cake and
feed concentrate from "Sarepta" vegetable raw
materials. During the research it was found that
"Sarepta" is better than sunflower meal considering
protein and essential amino acids content
Modern commodity sturgeon breeding is one of the
profitable and dynamically developing directions of
fish farming in the Russian Federation. Only the
system of Rosrybhoz has more than 40 enterprises of
different ownership forms for the cultivation of
sturgeons. In 2012, in agricultural farming of the
Russian Federation we had grown more than 2.0
thousand tons of sturgeon. Crucial role to maintain
normal functioning of the body of the fish when
grown in closed recirculation systems plays complete
and balanced nutrition. Proper organization of
biologically full feeding of fish helps to maximize
expression of their genetic potential. The article
presents the results of the researches of the efficiency
of using feed concentrate from vegetable raw
materials called "Sarepta" in the composition of feed
additives for 2-year old Russian sturgeons
The article considers tendencies of development of the
agroindustrial complex based on intellectualization of
technical means, development and implementation of
robotic machines in different manufacturing operations.
We have analyzed design features and practical
application of robots with vision systems in crop
production. We have identified the feasibility and
effectiveness of the introduction of new physical
methods of processing plants by means of robotic tools
that will automate technological processes of
processing plants. The article describes the analysis of
the mobility of the model of robots developed in the
WIM based on mathematical simulation at different
operating conditions. To check the model, we present
calculations of the dynamic behavior of the robot body
at different driving modes. The study shows the graphs
of movement parameters obtained from the results of
simulation and dynamics of dispersal. The analysis
identified the advantages of technological application of the robot on the example of gardening
This article presents the results of the use of feed
concentrate from vegetable raw materials called
"Sarepta" in the amount of 5, 7.5% and 10% by
weight of the feed, instead of sunflower meal in the
feeding of Russian sturgeons. Studies have been
conducted among 3 year old Russian sturgeons in the
conditions of PRIBOY company in the Bykovsky
district of the Volgograd region. The experiment
lasted 24 weeks. Replacing sunflower meal with a
product of processing of oilseeds - feed concentrate
Sarepta, made from vegetable raw materials, in the
composition of feed for sturgeons had a positive
effect on live weight, absolute, average daily and
relative gains and costs of feed. The use of "Sarepta"
feed concentrate, made from vegetable raw materials
in the feeding of Russian sturgeon contributes to the
increase of live weight of 3.1-6.0 per cent, an absolute
increase of live weight by 5.07-9.82 percent, and
average daily and relative body weight increase. It
was also found, that we had a decrease in feed
consumption during the period of experience in the
experimental groups. Morphological and biochemical
parameters in experimental fish in all groups were
within the physiological norm, which indicates a
normally occurring redox processes in the body
Social Sciences and Humanities
The authors in the article reveal the highlights of the
history associated with the prehistory of the Great
Patriotic War of 1941 - 1945, its tragical beginning in
the first few months and its further course, up to the
Great Victory in May of 1945. They dwell on the
analysis of the causes of the Second World War and the
Great Patriotic War of the Soviet people against Hitler
Germany. The authors, in spite of liars and forgers,
show who is to blame for their unleashing and clearly
indicate that the Second World War was unleashed by
Hitler, through and in fact with the blessing of Western
powers and especially Britain and France, carried out
the policy of "appeasement" the aggressor, and ended
the Munich Agreement of 1938. The authors pay special
attention to the Treaty of Non-Aggression between
Germany and the USSR, signed on August 23, 1939,
known as the Molotov - Ribbentrop Pact. They argue
that this was a necessary step on the part of the Soviet
Union and that this agreement, Stalin was trying to gain
time and delay the beginning of the war against Nazi
Germany. The authors show that Stalin and the Soviet
leadership were perfectly aware of the fact that on 1
September 1939, Hitler attacked Poland and then it
would be the USSR. Considering the progress, results
and lessons of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, the
authors elaborate and criticize the information
widespread in Western historiography, as well as, first
and foremost, in terms of the Soviet-Russian, lies,
slander and all kinds of insinuations about the Great
Patriotic war
In the context of the problem situation caused by the
territorial limitation of the modern paradigm of
Russian history, the author actualizes the model of a
holistic, in territorial aspect, a nationwide history of
Russia, covering an exceptionally all regions of the
country. In conditions of complex territorial structure
of Russian society, the unity of its history has unique
singularity due to variety of regional contexts of
historical development. Therefore, it is impossible to
understand the uniqueness of civilizational singularity
of Russia fully without learning regional features and
territorial components. Based in it, it is concluded, that
the concept of nationwide Russian history for high
school must have more complete, maybe even total
territorial coverage of historical events and processes
and must point on either great achievements or
negative, dramatic errors, ignoring of which contraries
to the task of creation a tolerant patriotism. In this
way, the author considers the concept of nationwide
history can be a catalyst of modern national idea,
which may be one of the factors the cohesion of
society of strengthening territorial unity and integrity
of Russia
The reasons for the development of Protestantism in
the South of Russia in the late XIX - early XX
centuries are discussed in this article. Standpattism is
spreading among the population of southern Russia.
The ranks of the Protestants were replenished with the
social strata associated with the development of
capitalist relations in town and village. The emergence
and development of Protestantism is an important
feature of capitalization and Europeanization of
Russia. By the beginning of XX century the Baptists
are widely distributed throughout the South of Russia.
In the late XIX - early XX century the process of
converting from Orthodoxy to Protestantism of
Cossacks was observed in the South of Russia. The
article also researches Russian Protestantism – the old
belief. In 1883 it became possible the old believers'
worship. Russian Protestantism gained almost full
rights
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article, from the perspective of developing a
regional knowledge economy, examines the modern
city as a complex and large system, like a fractal. We
have put a scientific problem of developing a set of
models that together would be adequate to the
Megatrends of development. We explore models of the
city as complex and large systems and as a fractal. The
article discusses the main elements of a successful city,
emphasizing its uniqueness. We have discussed formal
criteria of the UN for the success of cities and the
perception of its informal judgments of different urban
communities. The city, in terms of the structural
building conditions in four-sector economy can consist
of the following subsystems: historical, mental,
national, cultural, institutional, cognitive, symbolic,
ecoinnovation technology, property, manufacturing,
utilities, social, strategic. This work discusses the
mission of the modern city as an environment for the
generation of knowledge, culture and innovation. We
have proposed a model of the mission of the modern
city, in terms of the trend of developing a knowledge
economy. The mission of Krasnodar, as a metropolis,
preserving the historical identity of the Kuban,
providing sustainable and harmonious socio-economic
development of the region and the country integrated
in space and continued in time, improving the quality
of life of residents of the Kuban on the basis of
generation, adsorption, selection and distribution of
streams of educational, cultural, social and economic
innovations and "pollination" of municipalities,
consists in the intellectual-spiritual leadership in the region
The round table of "anti-crisis strategy of regional
development: myth or reality?", initiated and organized
with the active participation of Financial University
under the Government of the Russian Federation, the
Ministry of economy of Krasnodar region, the Fund of
"research and education initiatives of Kuban" was
devoted to the problems of formation of viable
development strategies, competitive system of
management of economy of regions in modern
conditions of the resource and investment restrictions,
the drop in living standards of the bulk of the
population and the overall stagnation of the economy.
Almost all speakers, who represented Moscow, SaintPetersburg,
a wide range of regions of Russia, and also
coming from abroad, critically assessed the situation in
the regional office and offered their recommendations
on organization of an effective regional policy
The study justifies the need for improving the competitiveness
of milk production in the commodity market,
identifies the key indicators of improving the competitiveness
of milk, which include the quality and level
of costs. A direct dependence of the efficiency of realization
of milk and incentives of operators of machine
milking (milkers) on the quality of the raw milk produced
is defined by means of the method of statistical
groupings. A correlation and regression analysis of the
quality of milk influence on a milker’s average
monthly wage has been done according to the data of
large and medium-sized agricultural enterprises of the
Krasnodar region. The study justifies the necessity of
reducing the cost of milk production as a factor increasing
the competitiveness of farm producers in the
regional market of agricultural products. Based on the
regression analysis, there has been revealed the influence
of the main factors of the internal environment
on the cost of raw milk production in agricultural organizations
of the Krasnodar Region; a direct relationship
between the level of specialization of dairy farms
and their competitiveness has been defined. The article
marks priority directions of increasing competitiveness
of agricultural producers, including improvement
of the quality and level of safety of raw
milk, use of innovative equipment in the process of its
production, cost reduction, development of measures
of administrative responsibility for the falsification of
dairy raw materials
The article reveals and confirms the necessity for provision
for impairment of tangible assets. Inadequate valuation
of provision for impairment of tangible assets or
its non-reflection in accounting leads to the distortion of
all forms of accounting (financial) statements, except
for cash flow statement. Because of it, there is a distortion
of the information provided to reporting users. Also,
the article describes the main legal and theoretical
ideas about provision for impairment of tangible assets
in the organization; a comparative analysis of domestic
and foreign practice of creating reserves for impairment
of tangible assets. More advanced and practical methods
of creating reserves are developed; degree of impact
on the financial (accounting) reports the creation of
reserves for impairment of tangible assets in the organization;
summary of the importance of the audit with the
creation and use of provisions for impairment of tangible
assets
In 1970 in the journal publications of "Forbes" and
"Business week" the term of "startup" appeared,
which later became popular in the scientific and
business literature. Startups are the organizations,
which create a new product or service under
conditions of high uncertainty. In the last 25-30
years, due to Russia's transition from a planned
economy to the mixed, many researchers and
practitioners in the field of management, economics
and entrepreneurship are concerned of some
questions of small business, including production. It
is particularly acute problem of deaths of Russian
small businesses: only three out of a hundred small
businesses manage to survive for more than 3 years.
In addition, one of the main reasons, why we have
such statistics, is management deficiencies and
administrative errors, which are studied in this
article. We are primarily interested in small
manufacturing plants and problems of development
in the early stages of the life cycle. In the literature,
it has been given just little attention. A small
production company is a company associated with
the production organization or incorporation of the
product / technology in the production process. We
regard the small production companies at an early
stage of development, working in the field of
mechanical engineering, instrumentation, energy,
telecommunications, robotics, materials production.
In this work, we analyze the first foreign and then
domestic research on small business, discuss the
problems of management of small industrial
enterprises in the early stages of the life cycle (based
on the results of our questionnaire studies) and as an
example, consider the story of a startup - All-Union
Center of statistical methods and Informatics of
Central Board of the All-Union economic society
(now - Institute of high statistical technologies and econometrics of Bauman Moscow State Technical
University)
The article examines organizational and economic
preconditions of the increasing of innovative activity
of the personnel of a company in the modern
conditions of managing. We have substantiated
conclusions about the necessity and the importance of
the development and the implementation of the
corporate system of innovative-personnel management
at the production level. We present specific proposals
on the formation of the key system-oriented blocks, the
basic elements of which in their totality and
interconnection will contribute to efficient
implementation of management decisions on
innovative capacity of production through the change
in labor behavior
The present stage of the development of agrarian and
industrial complex of Russia is characterized by activization
of processes of intereconomic cooperation, vertical
integration, promoting structural reorganization of agrofood
subcomplexes, transformation of the exchange and
distributive relations, activization of investment processes
and innovative modernization of production and technological
base of agro-industrial production. In the conditions
of preservation of disparity of the prices of an
agricultural and industrial output, structural disproportions
in a level of development of branches of agrarian
and industrial complex, an unstable financial position of
many agricultural producers, growth of cost of credit
resources of the most demanded strategy of the integrated
growth is. Vertical integration acts as a way of structural
modernization of agrarian and industrial complex
meso - level due to creation of associations which participants
form a complete production and cost chain. Formation
of the vertically integrated business groups in
agrarian and industrial complex of Russia promotes consolidation
of the capital, considerable reduction of level
of transaction expenses, growth of controllability of the
relations of an interindustry exchange and distribution,
and respectively and to growth of competitiveness of
subjects of agrobusiness, the enterprises of the food industry.
One of the key problems of domestic agrarian
and industrial complex still remains the problem of nonequivalence
of an interindustry exchange connected with
serious structural disproportions with backwardness of
the institutional environment of subcomplexes, and also
with deficiency of instruments of state regulation of interindustry
transaction
For many consecutive years, one of the main violations
on the results of external quality auditing control is the
improper validation of the going concern. Our studies
have shown that this problem is caused by two reasons.
First, this is the normative regulation lack of
signs of going concern’s violation. Secondly, this is
the unreasonably high role of professional judgment of
auditor in identifying and assessing the significance of
features of possible liquidation (bankruptcy).
The article summarizes the relevant aspects of legislative
regulation of going conсern, based on the innovations
of recent years. There is substantiated the assessment
of the non-compliance with legislation on the
net assets and share capital formation, with payment
discipline, violations of other regulations influence the
probability of forced entity liquidation. To solve the
second problem key inadequate identification and assessment
of the significance of the going concern features
risks have been highlighted. The main directions
of internal standardization of going concern’s auditing
are suggested and substantiated. The implementation
of these proposals will ensure the auditing principles
of objectivity, due diligence and sustainability
The article highlights the results of the analysis of
deferred taxes as indicators of the accounting financial
statements, reflecting payments to the budget for
income tax agricultural organizations. The importance
of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities as a
key marker of efficiency of the tax policy of the
agricultural organizations is emphasized. Its
inefficiency can be judge by excess of deferred tax
assets over deferred tax liabilities, which is seen as a
temporary diversion of funds from the market, which
has zero profitability. The conclusion was made about
the improvement of financial stability and liquidity of
the organization under the influence of deferred tax
liabilities and the deteriorating financial situation,
financial stability and liquidity under the influence of
deferred tax assets. The effective income tax rate of
the agricultural organizations of Krasnodar territory is
determined; it does not exceed 3% and differs from
general because of tax benefits, deductions and tax
policy. The basic causes of appearance of temporary
differences are identified by types in the account of
the agricultural organizations. Typical errors in
accounting for deferred taxes are described. A refined
form of the report on financial results containing transcript
of profit before tax from non-agricultural activities,
with the aim of monitoring the relationship of
accounting and taxable profit in the agricultural organizations
At the Department of "Economics and organization
of production" at the end of XX - beginning of XXI
centuries created the scientific school in the field of
organizational and economic modeling,
econometrics and statistics. The same name section
of the department oversees the teaching of the
relevant disciplines. The Laboratory of economic
and mathematical methods in controlling of the
Research and Education Center "Controlling and
innovation in management" of Bauman Moscow
State Technical University conducts research in this
domain. This article is devoted to the activities of
the scientific school, conducting research, and some
of the results. We start with a discussion of the
definitions of terms, which we use. Organizationaleconomic
modeling - scientific, practical and
academic discipline which devoted to the
development, research and application of
mathematical and statistical methods and models in
economics and management of the national
economy, especially in economics and management
of industrial enterprises and their associations. The
term "economic-mathematical methods and models"
has close content. Statistical methods in economics -
the subject of econometrics, the base of which is
applied statistics. Organizational-economic
modeling and econometrics are discussed as a
theoretical and practical trainings and discipline. We
developed textbooks and manuals on the
organizational and economic modeling,
econometrics and statistics. We have conducted
theoretical research and development of applications
in the field of organizational and economic
modeling. In particular, the prediction is regarded as
one of the management functions in industry. We
study the problem of stability in the models and
methods of development of strategy of the enterprise. For prospective organizational and
economic mechanisms of management of industrial
and economic activities, we proposed design based
on solidary information economy
In the context of the objective existence of risk and
economic, human and other losses related with it, there
is a need in a specific mechanism, which would allow
the best way to predict the damage caused by the
emergency. These risk management tools in
emergency situations are monitoring and forecasting.
In this research work, time series are used as a signal;
they contain information about the number of fires in
the Karachayevo-Cherkessia in the period of 1983-
2014. In solving the problem, the authors applied
wavelet tools for data cleaning from noise, anomalies
that have provided quality model building reliable
forecast - possible number of fires in one quarter
ahead. This example shows that for the construction of
this forecast there is no need for a rigorous
mathematical model specification, which is especially
valuable in the analysis of poorly formalized
processes. We have noted that most of the tasks in
emergencies fall into this category of processes
Small agrarian and personal peasant farms present an
important segment of agricultural production along
with other subjects. Their role is becoming more
prominent with the increasing of their own production
potential. Nevertheless, their resource base remains
very weak, the basic means of production are
worn out, and many of them are unable to improve
technical equipment. In this segment, leasing options
are limited, there are problems in logistics management,
and small entities do not have market power in
the market of production resources and in products
marketing. The lack of collateral generates high cost
lending and permanent bankruptcy. On the other
hand, it is noted that small entities have a large diversity
of organizational and legal forms, an informal
control system high interchangeability of production
functions, they combine the status of the owner and
the manager. They significantly reduce the social
tension in rural areas; they play a significant role in
import substitution. Characteristic features of small
agricultural farms (SAF) are high autonomy, independence,
self-protection from environmental factors.
They spend little money on creating jobs, have
low fixed costs and independently overcome the difficulties.
However, an underdeveloped industrial
infrastructure of small business hinders the improvement
of the technological level. They work
with constant external interference, which reduces
their production efficiency and market competitiveness.
All of them highly depend on local production
conditions, capacity of territorial markets. Low level
of cooperation of participants SAF significantly limits
the number of sales channels, increases the volatility
realization. The analysis showed a high need for realization of the revealed reserves of efficiency
growth
The article says that small agricultural farms (SAF)
play a significant role in import substitution of food,
which is aimed at replacing imported agricultural
commodities and finished products to domestic security.
SAF subjects of Krasnodar region made a significant
contribution to the increase of efficiency of
regional economy. The share of small agricultural
farms is 29% of regional production of grain and
meat, 36% of milk, 47% of egg, 10% of sugar beet,
30% of sunflower and 95% of potatoes, 70% of vegetables,
and 29% of grapes which makes a significant
contribution to the process of import substitution. In
addition, the SAF showed a large positive impact on
the sustainability of farming, the development dynamics
of the entire rural economy, increase the
competitiveness of the whole field due to the increase
in segment sales, improving market sales in
the infrastructure. Today SAF perform a priority
vector of development of regional agrarian policy.
However, when the share of regional agricultural
production segment is more than 35%, a small management
gets only 10% of the sum of all sources of
state support. In recent years, stimulation
measures of subjects of small agrarian farms aimed
at increasing the size of the land, the abolition of the
standards concerning the number of animals, improving
lending conditions, facilitating the starting of
economic conditions, union efforts to organize sales
channels and other programs. However, the situation
with crediting SAF is improving too slowly due to
lack of sufficient collateral, and only a small part of
them can use loans. Besides, the bureaucratic and
departmental barriers are still saved. They still face
trade discrimination in the retail markets and great
difficulties due to the new requirements of the construction markets, the endowment channels marketing
of products etc. All this dictates the need for further
improvement of the economic mechanism of
regulation of small agricultural development
Economic actors in the implementation of economic
relations face the problem of solving the emerging
contradictions and complexities. This leads to the
delay of implementation of economic projects, require
additional costs and, as a rule, leads to a reduction of
mutual benefits. In modern conditions of globalization
of economic relations, a significant role is reserved to
the authorities empowered in the field of
administration of industries and activities in a
particular area. The authors have found and
investigated the processes occurring within a single
economic system. We have established the principles
of implementing administrative regulations based on
the proposed unified automated accounting system.
We have justified the order in which the movement of
assets economic entity and the sources of their
formation fixed in a single user space indirectly with
the information of Contracting parties. This allows us
to ensure consistency of information, meeting the same
requirements for their formation, processing,
summarizing and presenting the administrative
authorities. Attention is paid to the issues of
preservation of information, to limit the powers of
members of the space. The proposed operation of the
single accounting system will significantly simplify
the reporting procedure of economic entities, the
procedure for the control and management of
economic processes, will provide the administrative
authority with information necessary for region
management, the implementation of measures to
ensure economic growth
Modern trends of development of economic relations
are not devoid of problems. The globalization of
economic relations, development of communication
network has opened a lot of abuse, incorrectly built
relationships with contractors and agencies
administration, well-known difficulties and
shortcomings of law enforcement. The study showed
that the weight of these circumstances caused the
absence of an organized system of registration,
formation, compilation, analysis and presentation of
information. Collectively it is nothing like the
attributes of the accounting system. The development
of accounting in the region and the country as a whole
in the direction of generalization of accounting
information on all economic entities and other
economic actors, becomes the requirement of time.
The authors proposed the principles of the
organization's user systems through a single automated
account management system. Defined the functional
role of each participant in such system. Much of the
information comes from the so-called user agents – the
authority of the state machinery and economic entities
authorized in the formation and presentation of the
required accounting information. The rules of the
proposed system will provide the consistency required
functionality of each participant and access to some
form of economic information through economic
roadmap. The implementation of the proposed
accounting system will allow to define rules of
functioning of the uniform economic space of the
country, which will make possible the implementation
of economic policies more effective, will allow to
disseminate the experience of effective ministries in all
areas of economic space
Justification of tax benefits, development of economic
relations, globalization of accounting processes and
improvement of administrative activity of public
authorities require the appropriate development of
accounting rules, effective rapid exchange of
credentials and their consistency. The authors have
proposed and justified the use of a unified automated
information database accounting system management
and control as a single accounting element space,
which allows providing solutions to the above issues.
The study introduced the concept of uniform
accounting space and defined its objectives and
principles of functioning. It is this form of organization
of accounting and economic procedures of the process
of functioning of the economy able to ensure the
development of accounting theory in the areas of
modern trends. The study highlighted areas that are
implemented now, which fully meet the proposals of
the authors. We have noted innovations related to the
submission of the tax Declaration under the tax to the
added cost and additional data by telecommunication
in connection with the use of information security
tools. We have also noted some rules for the provision
of accounting information to interested users. The
performance of individual business Executive is
reflected in the proposed information system would
appear in the form of user interface that would
simplify requirements for organization and
recordkeeping. The basic drawbacks and complexity of
implementation of the activities proposed methods of
their elimination or avoidance
Accounting science in the conditions of globalization
of economic relations, the continuing growth in the
volume of trade, the development of economic ties,
tools, implementation of financial and economic
relations cannot remain within the achieved level of its
theoretical foundations. Accounting should not
become an obstacle to the implementation of the
provisions of the economic growth of the business
entity. The same can be said about the currently used
mechanisms of control of economic relations and
taxation. In this regard, and taking into account the
development of techniques for automated data
exchange there is an objective need for the
development of Agency in the formation,
generalization and analysis of accounting information.
The article describes some trends in the development
of accounting theory, defined by the concepts of user
agent uniform accounting and space as a technique of
improving the accounting system. We have defined
roles and functions of the user agents, their place in a
single user space. The authors justified the proposal by
the movement of accounting information in modern
conditions of globalization of accounting procedures.
The article has proposed mechanisms of recording and
summarizing information on individual areas of
accounting and taxation. We have also defined roles
and methods of participation of various economic
actors in the scope of the proposed mechanism of
functioning of the unified accounting space
In the last decade, the question of migration of
capital, including its illegal export, became an actual
problem from both the international financial
organizations, and government authorities, which
are realizing monetary and credit regulation.
This is explained by the fact that in the conditions of
globalization the level of mobility of the capitals
and integration of the financial markets sharply
increased. As a result, any local event can provoke
intensive outflow of resources from this or that
country and lead to an unstable economic situation.
And national financial crisis, in turn, is able in a
short time not only cause a chain reaction of
defaults in the system of international payments, but
also lead to serious disruptions in the global
financial markets. For this reason, the prevention of
illegal export of Russian capital abroad can
contribute to the growth gold and currency reserves,
the stabilization of the national currency, a more
accurate prediction of the balance of payments of
the Russian Federation. Framing of measures of
preventing of illegal export of the capital, including
by means of system of currency regulation and
currency control, is an objective necessity, which
aim is to increase the stability of the financial and
credit, and, in particular, the banking system, the
financial market, improving the investment climate.
From that as far as there will be effective measures
to prevent the illegal export of capital depend the
efficiency and level of development of the country's
economy, Russia's place in the international
financial system
This article discusses the state of international tourism
and development trends of Russian tourism industry in
the foreign policy challenges and the growth rates of
world currencies. International tourism industry is one
of the most promising and rapidly adapting to the
conditions of the international situation part of the
global economics. Currently, tourism in Russia is
under development and reform. Legal acts of the
Russian Federation, support programs in the field of
tourism activities, as well as supporting all the events
that have already been done in this area are analyzed.
This article presents data on the state of international
entry, exit and domestic tourism in the country,
development trends of tourism and prospects for 2015.
Information on the status of classification and
assignment of the "stars" by means of placing resorts
of the Krasnodar Region and the Southern Region of
the Russian Federation is provided
The article is devoted the analysis of factors of development
of world economy. These factors were
considered in the dynamics and historical perspective
of the development of world economic relations on
the example of the world's leading economies. In the
current economic crisis, many social problems that
require action at the international level have exacerbated.
Currently, however, a constructive dialogue
between the States has been suspended. Built for
many decades of diplomatic, cultural and partnership
relations are in the stage of deep depression and decline.
This phenomenon is accompanied by strong
sanctions policy both on the part of the EU and the
Russian Federation. Review of data for the analysis
of world economy development factors has shown
that globalization and integration processes at the
present stage do not have positive dynamics. For the
validity of the findings and an adequate assessment
of the existing macroeconomic situation the most
comprehensive and comparable information was considered.
We evaluated the factors having the main
impact on the dynamics of global economic processes
development. Thus, the analysis of world economy
development factors has shown the necessity of overcoming
of contradictions between the leading countries
to overcome the global challenges that no nation
can solve alone. This requires a civilized dialogue of
world economic and political leaders
The known models of the city from a position of
knowledge economy are analyzed in the article. The
hypothesis of the research shows that practice of a
strategizing of the city has to be based on polymodel
approach when several key models adequate to modern
trends are taken as a basis, connected with formation
of sector of economy as a part of regional social and
economic system, and other models are addition and
essential extension of the contents chosen basic
models, strengthening their cognitive component.
Research of the model of a creative city, creative
clusters, quarters and zones of the city, model of the
digital city, model of an eco-city is conducted.
Substantial features of models are revealed. It is
established that the informative potential of types of
models of the city increases on the basis of research
and identification of mechanisms of mutually
transition (participation) of elements of one model as
elements another (others) complementary models. The
city as the semistructured system consisting of diverse
subsystems and elements does not submit to rational
planning owing to structural and territorial duplication
of functions and asynchrony in functioning and
changes, and also owing to the history and sociocultural
specifics of the population significantly giving
immanent logic of life. It is necessary to create flexible
system of the city strategy on a polymodel
(interdisciplinary) basis, based on activization of
growth sources, various on contents, for the purpose of
formation of new image of the cities
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article is devoted to the analysis of positions of
some philosophers who negatively estimate a role of
equipment in human lives and societies. It discusses
the philosophical concepts of E. Yunger, F. Yunger,
M. Heidegger, K. Jaspers, etc. Besides, the authors of
this article address to A. Schopenhauer, F. Nietzsche,
M. Makklyuen's heritage. In this work it is shown as
methods of formalization and symbolization in science
are transferred to areas of humanitarian knowledge and
spiritual life, impoverishing them, turning "the
understanding thinking in estimating". Calculation
becomes a sign of the mechanized reality in which
education, work, household submit also to the
principles of mechanization. Extrapolation of
mechanics to all the spheres of human existence leads
to destruction of the humanistic principles: the world
as mechanical system is the world where one element
can be replaced with another where each part
represents only object for studying and manipulation.
In the article we also describe tendencies of
transformation of people into masses on the basis of
the rational estimating tradition of Modern times.
Thus, in this work the problems menacing to the
essence of "human" are being put and the message for
further searches of the way of permission of the
question of dehumanization in connection with
technical development is formulated, when it is
impossible to refuse it completely
Social Sciences and Humanities
The peculiarities of representation of the concept
“Muslim World” in modern English discourse are
regarded in this article. Based on the achievements of
cognitive linguistics and cultural linguistics, it is
possible to research the concept of “Muslim World” as
a phenomenon of the English linguistic culture.
Different approaches to the definition of the term
“concept” are studied. The article describes
definitional analysis of lexical items “Muslim” and
“World” in modern English dictionaries. Based on
these results, it is concluded dictionaries present the
term “Muslim”, first of all, as a human - a follower of
a particular religion. We can say the concept “Muslim
world” is presented in the social and conceptual
knowledge as one of the manifestations of the human
world and is used in relation to the reality of cultural
and historical unity of the Islamic nation. This concept
serves as an image of reality in the system theory of
knowledge. The further studying of the Islamic world,
as definition is possible to make with the mutual
enrichment of the social reality of other peoples.
“Muslim world” in accordance with the principle of
universal connection of phenomena reveals its
potential in the modern world and it becomes possible
to establish relationship between people, nature and
society, as well as their mutual influence on each other
This article is dedicated to solving the problem of
language and culture relationship in the modern
society. Concept “love” is the main subject of the
article; the author shows its examples in popular
stage songs. There are five variations of love from
the psychological and sociological point of view in
the article. The author depicts how they are used in
the song discourse. According to the research data
the author consider that all variations of love in the
lyrical song genre are not equally frequent. So while
erotic love is almost everywhere, selfish love isn’t so
popular. Moreover, the author concludes the cultural
level of the whole nation can be defined with its
creative arts. Furthermore, nowadays there is clear
decadence of culture in English-speaking countries
Word building system of English and its kin languages
has been thoroughly investigated first in the
grammatical aspect. We investigate the ways of
teaching word-building in the context of grammatical
approach in teaching foreign languages, specifically
English, to future linguists whose major is Linguistics
and who have to know the theory of the language as
well as to be able to communicate in English.
The authors of the article investigate the peculiarities
of functioning of compound words, carry out their
structural and semantic analysis, which serves as the
basis for developing of the skill of working with lexis
with young adult researchers. Based on the definition
of a lexical skill the authors of the article investigate
how to develop the skill of working with lexis with
young adult researchers. We apply the grammatical
method to developing word-building skills with future
linguists when the main goal is to take off the material
for investigation, analyze and classify it, thus,
performing the operations essential for research of
lexical units of a foreign language
Social Sciences and Humanities
HOW TO SOLVE THE TASK OF CLASSIFICATION OF TYPES OF RIFLE AMMUNITION USING THE METHOD OF ASCANALYSIS
In criminology, there are actual problems of determining
the type (machine gun, rifle, large caliber, pistol)
and a particular model of small rifle for its ammunition,
in particular, discovered in the use of weapons.
The article proposes a solution to this problem with the
use of a new innovative method of artificial intelligence:
automated system-cognitive analysis (ASCanalysis)
and its programmatic toolkit – a universal
cognitive analytical system called "Eidos". In the system
of "Eidos", we have implemented a software interface
that provides input to the system images, and the
identification of their external contours on the basis of
luminance and color contrast. Typing by multiparameter
contour images of specific ammunition, we create
and verify the system-cognitive model, with the use of
which (if the model is sufficiently reliable), we can
solve problems of system identification, classification,
study of the simulated object by studying its model
and others. For these tasks we perform the following
steps: 1) enter the images of ammunitions into the system
of "Eidos" and create mathematical models of
their contours; 2) synthesis and verification of models
of the generalized images of ammunition for types of
weapons based on the contour images of specific munitions
(multivariate typology); 3) quantification of the
similarities-differences of the specific ammunition
with generalized images of ammunition of various
types and models of small rifle (system identification);
4) quantification of the similarities-differences of the
types of munitions, i.e. cluster-constructive analysis
Relevance of the chosen topic is caused by
existence of disputable issues in qualification of
the crime established in article 153 of the
Criminal code of Russian Federation. Objective
and subjective elements of corpus delicti of
substitution of a child are analyzed in the article.
The special attention is paid to the object of the
crime, and also consideration of the concept
«victim». In this article «mercenary and low
motives» as a constructive feature of the
subjective element of substitution of a child are
considered, the most significant gaps in norms of
the criminal legislation are analyzed and ways of
their elimination are offered. Having
investigated normative legal acts, court practice,
foreign legislation and the existing theoretical
developments, authors give their interpretation
of article 153 of the Criminal code of Russian
Federation. The authors express opinion about
strengthening of the punishment for this crime.
We consider important inclusion in corpus
delicti of this crime such aggravating features as
the act: «against two or more persons», «a group
of persons by previous agreement or organized
group», «a person using his official position», «a
person who has a previous conviction for crime
against a family and minors»
Currently, pension by virtue of their social significance in
favor of one of the main socially important guarantee of
stable development of society, to ensure the financial and
budgetary sphere of the state. Private pension founds are
viewed as an instrument to raise the material well-being
of pensioners. The social significance of non-state
pension funds is to involve the population in the sphere of
voluntary pension insurance. The author analyzed the role
of non-state pension funds in acting to pension system.
The article subjected to a detailed analysis of the norms of
a number of Federal laws, fixing the investment activity
of non-state pension found. The author concludes that
there is a need to improve existing legislation on
investment activity of non-state pension found. As well,
the authors indicated some legal problems that occur in
practice arising from owners of the investment portfolio.
The authors have analyzed the performance of pension
funds and formed an opinion about the state of the whole
system. Following consideration of the practical problems
has been offered for both theoretical and practical ways to
address them in order to prevent violation
Currently, there is a topical question of legal
consolidation in the tax and the customs legislations of
the fee for goods purchased from a foreign company
through a transaction concluded by the information and
telecommunications network "Internet". According to the
legislator, such innovations will limit the spillover of
online orders to the neighboring states with a high
threshold for duty-free shipping, which will strengthen
the domestic e-commerce market. The authors believe
that the consolidation of the institution in the national
legislation would contradict the general provisions of tax
legislation. The authors believe that such measures will
increase the number of sham and mock transactions and
reduce import turnover. The proposed projects of the
European Economic Commission of the European
Economic Union on the Internet fees in their structure are
poorly written, in particular, they lack the concept of
internet purchase, there is no resolution of the issue of the
relationship between the collection and the value added
tax.The authors come to the conclusion that these projects
should to be completed, in particular, it is proposed to
supplement the provisions of domestic legislation,
delimiting the object of taxation the value added tax on
the object of taxation for cross-border fee to be paid for
an online purchase. Their immediate implementation
without significant changes will not create a proper
mechanism for the implementation of this institution, and
generate a lot of conflict situations
Legal consolidation of the corporate agreement institution
in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation allowed the
participants of business companies to implement and
manage corporate rights in accordance with this
agreement. However, reception of the institution and the
lack of uniform court practice gave rise to many doctrinal
disputes about the legal nature of the contract. The article
presents the opinions of scientists on the issue of what
rules of areas of law regulate the corporate agreement,
whether it is separate or complex legal institution. The
authors consider that the corporate agreement is governed
exclusively by the rules of civil law. The corporate
agreement is not a contract or an obligation in the
traditional sense, however, it should be subjected to the
general rules of obligations and contract law The
corporate agreement has features of the unnamed
contract, but despite this, it should be recognized as an
independent civil law named contract. It is needed to
ensure that, in addition to the general rules of the
Obligations and Contracts, the rules of a treaty on the
rights of participants of the limited liability and
stockholders' agreement are applied to the corporate
agreement
The article touches the problem of studying the procedure
of granting housing to refugees and IDPs (internally
displaced persons) as well as their family members. The
procedure of granting housing to refugees and IDPs is a
very important process, being one of the general stages of
the modern border policy of Russian Federation. The
Standards of Housing Code and Code of Federal
Regulations, which secure legal status of these categories
of citizens, are analyzed In this article. The authors
analyze criteria of giving the refugee or IDP status to a
citizen, the procedure and conditions of providing
housing to these categories of citizens. Based on the
studies, the revision of the Standards of Housing Code,
particularly, the expansion and supplement to the notion
«accommodation» is offered, also it is offered to combine
the general regulations on the procedure of providing
accommodations to the refugees and IPDs. It is also
substantiated in the article that there is need to amend the
notion of specialized housing fond. The authors consider
reasonable to clarify what are the other accommodations
of different status that can be provided to refugees, IDPs,
and their family members. The proposed changes in
housing legislation will let us simplify and adjust the
mechanism for implementing the housing regulations in
legal relationships in providing housing for refugees,
internally displaced persons and their families
The contract of donation is one of the most common
and frequently encountered in practical life, civil contracts.
This article describes the history of the formation
of the contract of donation in civil law of Russia.
The author analyzes in detail the legal provisions
of the contract of gift, enshrined in the current before
the Civil Code of the RSFSR in 1964. Soviet scientists
considered some of the issues that have been and (or)
remain outstanding or require specification of the legislator.
Previously existing legal acts do not take into
account many associated with the donation contract
questions arising in practice, such as cancellation the
contract of donation. We study the qualifying elements
of a deed of gift, which allows distinguishing it from
related contracts. It is noted, that the scope of the rules
on the contract of donation has expanded with the
time, which could not be taken into account by the
legislator. Current legislation regulates the peculiarities
of relations arising in connection with the execution
and the conclusion of the contract of donation.
The author analyzes in detail the current legal regulation
of the contract of donation in the current Civil
Code. In particular, this article presents the problematic
issues: the implementation and application of the
contractual relationship between the given and giver,
raised the question of the qualifications of donation
with the participation of public servants, and lists
some proposals to address the shortcomings in the
current legislation. The article made other critical
comments with regard to the rules on the contract of
donation in the civil legislation of the RSFSR and the
Russian Federation. The article has a research character.
The authors show the way to solve the most pressing
problems of enforcement under the contract of
donation, and put forward proposals to improve the
legislation
Russian civil legislation contains a list of ways in which
the parties to the transaction have the ability to enforce
the commitments. These methods form an important
institute of the Russian law of obligations. For a lender,
ensuring the fulfillment of the obligation is an additional
guarantee that the commitment made by the debtor of his
obligation will be fulfilled properly in accordance with
the terms of agreement between them. In this article we
will focus on independent guarantee – one of civil-law
ways of ensuring the fulfillment of the obligations which
differs from the others. The independent guarantee is not
new to the domestic civil law. Thus a bank guarantee,
familiar to the Russian law, have transformed. Having
made a comparative legal analysis of the characteristics of
a warranty considering significant changes in liability law
norms, the authors explore the legal nature of the
independent guarantee, define its place in the system of
the ways of ensuring the fulfillment of obligations,
analyze the feasibility and effectiveness of the
implementation of the warranty in practice, focus
attention on the discussion of theoretical questions, and
name problems that law enforcers may face in ensuring
the fulfillment of obligations by means of the independent
guarantee
The author has analyzed scientific and technical
literature, plus materials of judicial and investigative
practice, criminal procedural law, different views of
scientists, as well as his own judgments on the
proposed changes and additions to the content of the
article 163 of Criminal Procedure Code. The analysis
allows the author to declare the need to invite the
heads of the investigative bodies of the various
departments and units to carry out more in-depth
additional analysis of the items and norms of the
criminal procedural law governing the activities of the
detective, the head of the investigative body, the head
of the investigation team, the investigator, the chief of
the inquiry body, the body of inquiry unit and the
head of the group of investigators. However, the
article 163 of Criminal Procedure Code provides for
organizational and administrative activity of the head
of the investigative body in terms of decision-making
on the establishment of the investigation team, in
determining the psychologically compatible, pushing
and experienced investigators, members of the
investigation team, as well as the approving of the
head of the investigative group. Moreover, according
to the p. 3 of part 1 of the art. 39 of the Russian
Criminal Procedure Code, a head of the investigative
body has the right to give instructions about the
direction of the investigation and certain investigative
actions
Discussion and problem questions of criminal-legal
struggle with terrorism are considered. Terrorism as a
phenomenon of our society was analyzed. The
assessment of criminal legislation and the bill on
property and criminal responsibility of relatives of
terrorists is given
Improving methods of investigation of terrorism is the
leading task of modern criminalistics. Different aspects
of criminal law and criminology connected with the
fight against terrorism were under focus in juridical
literature. At the same time criminalistic characteristic
of terrorism as a system of generalized notion of
significant features of crime under discussion and its
interconnections are not analyzed properly. There is a
need for further analysis of terrorism, suggestions for
its prevention and control. The article deals with
exploration of the subject of criminal encroachment,
the method of commission and concealment of this
crime, the mechanism of formation of traces, the
circumstances of the offence, the personality
characteristics of the offender and the victim, under
circumstances of changing crime situation and
significant increase in offences of a terrorist threat
This article focuses on actualization of mainstreaming
of research the problems of development of native
civil society within the conservative direction, based
on historical civilizational identity of Russia.
Comparing main postulates of russian and west
civilizations their historically formed priorities in
spiritual, political and economic spheres are showed.
Based on them and on critical assessment of attempts
to adapt the western model to Russian reality, authors
consider that the nature of the problem of similarity
between Russian reality and model civil society is in
only west orientation of civil society theory, which
does not suit to stable features of Russia as specific
civilization. Trying to find an optimal model of civil
society, authors refer to an idea of core values of
native civilization. A number of historical issues,
which influence on positive development of civil
society in Russia, is showed. In order to solve them it
is suggested to take measures, the realization of which
depends on implementation some functions by civil
society together with the state. It is concluded, that
Russian society during its history can be reviewed as a
civil society within its traditional value
The article examines the process of secularization of
Church property in the history of the world. Special
attention is paid to the assumptions of the preparation
of secularizing reforms in the Russian state since the
policy of Joann III. We address the relationship
between Church and state in the field of Church lands
and ecclesiastical jurisdiction authorized in Stoglav in
1551, and in the judgment of the Council estates in
1581 and 1584. The article studies the reasons, under
which it became necessary, in conditions of the
emerging absolutism, to limit the Church's estates; the
ecclesiastical jurisdiction in this connection, there was
issued the national Code – “Sobornoye ulozheniye” of
1649. The study discusses the limitation of economic
and administrative privileges of the Church in
accordance with the Council code of Tsar Alexei
Mikhailovich. The article focuses on the
administrative and financial functions of the Monastic
Order. We have also made a distinction, and there are
differences in the powers between the Monastic
Orders 1649 and between recreated Monastic Order in
1701. The article discusses the mission of the Church
reform of Peter I the Great and the results of this
reform, which prepared the legislative framework for
the secularizing reforms of Catherine II the Great
The article discusses the "Symphony of authorities" in
Byzantium and Russia. It reveals the nature, origins
and objectives of the State and the Church. Since
ancient times, the Church played an important role in
the life of society and state. In Byzantium, the
authority of the Emperor played a major role in
strengthening the Orthodox Church. The Church,
particularly, has developed and highlighted the
official doctrine of the divine origin of the Imperial
power. In the Byzantine Empire a perfect model of
Church-state relations – "Symphony of authorities"
was formed. The article takes into account the
Byzantine edicts, which regulated the relationship
between the Church and the state. We considered the
legislative acts of Ancient Russia, confirming the
existence of that "Symphony" in the Kiev period. The
basis of the ancient law was based on the Byzantine
collection of ecclesiastical rules and Imperial edicts,
called Nomocanon. The article focuses on the models
of the interaction of the Church and the state. Special
attention was paid to the concept of "Moscow is the
third Rome", due to the continuity of the Byzantine
Empire Russia as an Orthodox center. We discuss the
result of Ferrara-Florence Union as the main reason
for the awareness and acceptance of the concept of
Philotheus by Russian people. Taking into
consideration the concept of "Moscow is the Third
Rome", we consider models of the interaction
between the state and the Church in the era before
Peter I the Great
The article deals with the causes of decline in the
quality of training of future lawyers, the need to apply
and implement in the learning process of innovative,
practice-oriented technology related to the study and
use of law enforcement practice while writing diploma
and other scientific papers by law students of criminal
law specialization. Some ways of search and receiving
the materials of investigative and judicial practice are
proposed in the article
Social Sciences and Humanities
Studying the problems of the development of Russian
business education today seems urgent in view of the
serious impact of globalization factors on world
markets, as well as taking into account the factors of
global economic recession and to the undeclared war
sanctions restrictions against the Russian economy and
not having under itself no justification other than
political. The article presents the results of the analysis
of positive and negative factors in the development of
the Russian business education, because of which it
was concluded, that for the further development of the
Russian system of business education needs a new
approach. It should be based on the formation of the
conceptual model, taking into account the current
realities in the Russian economy. The authors set out
to become the key provisions of the new approach,
namely to ensure the growth of professional and
specialist competencies required functionality; the study of «effective practical techniques», a reasonable
reduction of the duration of the MBA program of
study; distribution of specialists trained in powers
depending on their positions. The above provisions
allowed forming a conceptual model of business
education, which is based on four practical degree
professional training laid. In addition, the article
justified criteria for evaluating the quality and
composition requirements for modern business
education program. The proposed in the article new
approach and the conceptual model of the development
of Russian business education are targeted at
practitioners who want to gain more knowledge in a
limited period and very reasonable cost of education.
The further development of the Russian business
education system in the very near future will show the
validity of this approach
The article considers issues of presentation of
educational material using verbal and visual
metaphors. Metaphors functions are analyzed, such as:
representative, which is a new phenomenon and new
object. The second function is the information, i.e.,
metaphor gives the initial information. The third
function is called ornamental, where metaphor adorns
scientific speech, makes it more intense. The fourth
function of metaphor is explanatory that is metaphor
explains the meaning of the phenomenon. The fifth
function is economical, because the metaphor allows
characterizing phenomena briefly and processes that
are at a different way of expressing it was hard to
describe. Sixth function is visual, as it creates an
image, contributing to the achievement of this
phenomenon. We have presented verbal and visual
metaphors for each function in the example of teaching
disciplines cytogenetics and genetic monitoring. For
the implementation in the educational process of
metaphors during 2 years of gathered verbal metaphors
of scientific articles and books, and reinforce their
visual metaphors based on works of art. It is shown
that a metaphor conveys not only the primary sense,
but also allows you to recreate a bright and
unconventional way. In some cases, a metaphor can be
a supplement to development of the new course, but
sometimes they need to be the main focus in the
presentation of the material
The article discusses issues related to visual thinking
and educational technologies. We have noted the
importance of visual thinking in the teaching process
at the higher education institutions and defined its
main functions. We have considered information
technology for courses such as “History and
methodology of scientific agronomy”, “Cytogenetics”,
“Genetic monitoring”. The article substantiates basic
postulates for the formation of visual environment: the
ability to collect the material in accordance with the
task and to define the basic accents, and navigate
through all of the work; the ability to match the
artwork to the selected research topic. As the
technology, we have regarded the method of sketches
or visual notes, and the method of visual metaphor.
The method of sketches or notes was the basis for the
creation of electronic databases with images of plants
in different works of art. Visual notes allow visualizing
the educational information by translating verbal
elements of this information into visual that is "to be
able to think visually." Works of art, as illustrative
environment, have several meanings in training
courses: an exemplary or motivation; illustration as a
source of information for the analysis of the
phenomenon under study; visual, that is paintings or
works of art as an illustration of the student response,
as a result of its self search. The visual metaphor is
used to explain the material, understanding and
comparison. Both methods are: the method of sketches
and visual metaphors that allow the subject to learn,
analyze, communicate and draw analogies with the
subject area and to look for new images
The article considers problems of the exchange of
information between teachers, students and
departments of educational institutions. It analyzes the
advantages and disadvantages of traditional
approaches: email, chat via phone, social networks.
The questions of placement of information to large
numbers of users were revealed. We also revealed the
need to address issues related to the publication of
major events, administrative announcements of
educational institutions, which are visible to all users,
and are assigned to a specific date. We suggested an
approach to the publication of the activities of the
individual system modules. The article shows a
mechanism of mass mailings, providing users the
ability to transmit information to two or more
recipients and to ensure the exchange of information
that is available only to send the recipient, as opposed
to the "wall". We found an approach to increase the
quality of the educational process, allowing rapid
exchange of information between staff, students and
departments of educational organization on the
example of the system "Social network educational
organization." In the approach, it has been proposed to take the ideology of social networking and project it on
the specifics and needs of educational institutions,
which will allow rapid exchange between staff,
students and divisions (departments) educational
organization. The study analyzed data on the age of
users of the system over a period of 30 days
The article considers questions of workflow in the
educational organization. It revealed the need to
process everyday documents, which exchange
does not have the character of strict
accountability, but they are also crucial to the
implementation of the work in the educational
organization. The exchange of such documents is
different from the traditional workflow, primarily,
it is the speed of document creation and sharing
them. We identified other requirements and
limitations to the daily workflow of documents.
The study proposed to divide document on direct
and indirect. The article formulates basic
differences between direct and indirect document.
It also analyzes the advantages and disadvantages
of traditional approaches based on file servers and
cloud data storage. We list problems of
implementation of the account running errands.
We have offered the structure of the order in the
approach. The study shows an approach to
increase the quality of the educational process
based on the implementation of the indirect workflow through the use of centralized WEB
system for the exchange of files, documents,
accounting running errands, organizing indirect
document. The proposed approach takes
responsibility for storage of files from the
technical support department of educational
organizations can work with the system with
mobile and desktop devices
The article discusses problems of formation of
cognitive activity of junior schoolchildren at lessons of
music literature at the present stage, the nature and
structural and substantive components of the
investigated phenomenon in the context of this study,
the integration of musicology, music pedagogy with
different kinds of art, music informatics
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article shows that the formation of human
spirituality comes in initially existing spiritual space.
The author identifies the elements of spiritual space:
the moral norm, which is the basis of morality, giving
the actions of human moral coloring; system of
spiritual and moral values that are absorbed by man,
from childhood; spiritual culture. Spiritual culture is
represented by four areas: projective, cognitive, valueoriented
human activities and spiritual communion.
The author points out that the man, turning in the
spiritual space, acquires moral standards and spiritual
culture, and forms a system of moral values. This
forms the inner spiritual world that exists in the
spiritual unity of space and time, and characterizes the
appearance of the spiritual man field. Spiritual field is
represented by a system of meanings; there are
emerging mechanisms of development of the
individual spirituality. In the spiritual field includes
spiritual and moral feelings and experiences. The core
of the spiritual field - is the human need for selfrealization
of the potential of spiritual possibilities.
Spiritual space exists not only in the present and in the
past and the future. Being in the spiritual space means
that people should follow the spiritual and moral laws
and have spiritual needs
Social Sciences and Humanities
For the purpose of this article, the analysis of the
development of ethnoseparatism in West Europe has
been undertaken. Under current conditions, the
ethnical separatism threatens national security of
series of European countries and territorial integrity.
Special attention has been paid to social and political
beginnings and causes of terrorism in Spain and Great
Britain. The activity of such terrorist organizations as
IRA and ETA has been researched. Ideological basis
of violence, purposes and objectives, as well as the
main stages of formation and development of these
organizations have been disclosed. The author states
that the use of the terrorism as a method of political
struggle is destructive and does not facilitate a solution
to the national problems. We have also considered
approaches of the governments to solve the problems
of separatism and terrorism on the territory of these
countries. In their counter-terrorism efforts political
leaders of Spain and Great Britain have used both
methods of force and political and legal methods,
namely, granting to the regions of wide economical
and political independence, preservation of authentic
cultural values and language of indigenous people.
The formation of violence intolerance in public
conscience as control method has become the main
direction of the antiterrorist policy in the countries
under consideration. Anti-terrorist model which has
been developed by the European countries can be
effective and useful for the regions being in
ethnopolitical conflicts
Physical Sciences and Engineering
It is assumed that in the primordial state of the Universe
was missing the elements of matter, it was submitted to
electromagnetic photon field in a broad frequency band.
Photons with energy ε=1,02 born MeV electrons and
positrons, and photons with energy ε=1,87 born МeV
protons and antiprotons. The Association of protons,
electrons and essential spectrum of photons created a
sustainable hydrogen atoms and neutrons. Association
of hydrogen atoms led to the creation of hydrogen
clusters, and merging neutron – neutron creation of
clusters (pulsars). As a result, the concentration of
photons in the Universe decreased and the universe
were compressed. The gravitational interactions
between the hydrogen and neutron clusters was coming
off of a mass of matter from both. The torn mass of
hydrogen clusters were created on the planet.
Separation of the mass from neutron clusters led to the
neutron exposure of the main hydrogen clusters and
loose parts from him (future planets). The latter, being
closer to the main hydrogen accumulation, under the
influence of neutron flux were redesigned to all
elements of the periodic table. The article describes
nuclear reactions convert one chemical element to
another. After irradiation of the primary hydrogen
clusters of neutrons and the emergence of the heavy and
superheavy hydrogen, started fusion reactions with the
release of photon energy and the transition of hydrogen
clusters in Stellar condition. They began to glow. The
selection of the photon energy of the Stars led to the
increase in the concentration of photons in the
Universe, the increase of the pressure and the expansion
of the Universe, which is what happens at the present
stage of its development. Combining antiprotons,
electrons (positrons) with the required spectrum of
photons created sustainable antihydrogen and
antineutrons, and their clusters – clumps of antimatter
in the Universe
Even with the modern development of geodetic
techniques to abandon traditional ways a
condensation of planned networks is not possible.
Therefore, the article describes the case of
determination of coordinates of points using
backwards the angular notch and the accuracy of
their determination. In the classical methods of
solving the backwards the angular notch are
calculated coefficients, and get the coordinates of the
designated point. The authors propose to use
auxiliary angles that will reduce the amount of
calculation. In addition, the article gives examples of
solutions to well-known formulas of Gauss and
through the calculation of direct geodetic purpose