№ 131(7), September, 2017
Date issued: 29.09.2017
Physical Sciences and Engineering
In some works, the feasibility of the use of fixed and
variable electromagnetic fields of different frequencies
and tension in the production technology of sunflower
oil are shown, but there is no theoretical justification.
The possibility of electromagnetic effects is associated
with the presence of polar molecules specific to organic
systems. Without prejudice to the role of polar groups
of terrestrial circuits, this work tries to address this
challenge more comprehensively. The reason for this is
the distinctive feature of the behavior of sunflower
during its flowering. This characteristic is that the
sunflower hat during the day changes its direction in
accordance with the direction of movement of the Sun
across the sky; so called "magnetism" of their
attraction. To justify this effect, we have analyzed the
essence of emitted photons, the Sun chemical
composition and structure arrangement of seeds in a
sunflower hat. Particles of light from the Sun represent
a stream of photons - a wide range of electromagnetic
waves of frequencies that exhibit and magnetic
properties. The article shows principal macro- and
micronutrients of sunflower raw materials and divides
them into groups of para- , dia- , and ferromagnetic
materials. In sunflower seeds, there are chemical
elements: diamagnetism-C, H, N, P, S, B, Cu, Zn, J;
paramagnetism-O, K, Ca, Mg, Mo, As and
ferromagnetic-iron (Fe). As there is resultant force of
the magnetic attraction between the sunflower hat and
magnetic flow of photons from the Sun, this effect
dominates the action of paramagnetics K2O ( -28.4
24.5%), CaO (7.6-17.0)%, MgO (12.3-17.9%),
magnetized in an external magnetic field in the
direction of the field. The presence of evident effect
demonstrates that it is possible to improve a number of
technological operations in the manufacture of
sunflower oil using electrical, magnetic or
electromagnetic fields
In this work, a model is developed that describes the
formation of a stepped lightning leader in a conducting
medium. To describe the contribution of the conductivity
currents, we modified the standard electrostatic equation
taking into account the vortex component of the electric
field. As a result of this generalization, a system of
parabolic-type nonlinear equations is formulated that
describes the formation of streamers and the lightning
channel. Numerical simulation of the propagation of
ionization waves in a region with a ratio of 1/100, 1/200
allows us to identify two types of stepped streamers in
the form of waves of compression and rarefaction,
respectively. It was previously established that there are
three streamer branching mechanisms. The first
mechanism is related to the instability of the front, which
leads to the separation of the head of the streamer into
two parts. The second mechanism is associated with the
instability of the streamer in the base region, which leads
to the branching of the streamer with the formation of a
large number of lateral streamers closing the main
channel of the streamer to the cathode. In numerical
experiments, the third branching mechanism observed in
experiments connected with closing the space charge to
the anode through the streamer system was observed.
These branching mechanisms are also revealed when the
leader is propagated. The obtained results, as well as the
data of numerical experiments confirm the hypothesis of
the universality of the minimal model of the streamer, as
well as its expansion in the form proposed by the author.
Known phenomena of nature associated with the
electrical discharge - streamer, plasmoid, ball lightning
and stepped leader can be described within the
framework of the minimal model
Nonparametric estimates of the probability
distribution density in spaces of arbitrary nature are
one of the main tools of non-numerical statistics.
Their particular cases are considered - kernel density
estimates in spaces of arbitrary nature, histogram
estimations and Fix-Hodges-type estimates. The
purpose of this article is the completion of a series
of papers devoted to the mathematical study of the
asymptotic properties of various types of
nonparametric estimates of the probability
distribution density in spaces of general nature.
Thus, a mathematical foundation is applied to the
application of such estimates in non-numerical
statistics. We begin by considering the mean square
error of the kernel density estimate and, in order to
maximize the order of its decrease, the choice of the
kernel function and the sequence of the blur
indicators. The basic concepts are the circular
distribution function and the circular density. The
order of convergence in the general case is the same
as in estimating the density of a numerical random
variable, but the main conditions are imposed not on
the density of a random variable, but on the circular
density. Next, we consider other types of
nonparametric density estimates - histogram
estimates and Fix-Hodges-type estimates. Then we
study nonparametric regression estimates and their
application to solve discriminant analysis problems
in a general nature space
It is known that not every finite group can be
realized over the field of rational numbers as a
Galois group of some binomial. In this connection,
a more general question arises: suppose that there
is given a finite transitive subgroup G of the
symmetric group S on n symbols; Can this group G
be realized as a Galois group of some trinomial of
degree n over the field of rational numbers? In this
paper we prove that every transitive subgroup of
the group S can be realized in the form of the
Galois group of a certain trinomial of the degree n,
for the values n = 2, 3, 4. For n = 5 , 6 we give
examples that realize concrete Galois groups. In the
case n = 7, all the transitive subgroups of the group
S are realized, except possibly one group of the
isomorphic dihedral group D. Further calculations
will be directed to the realization of specific Galois
groups for n = 8, 9 ..., however, the number of
transitive subgroups of the group S for n = 8, 9 ...
grows very fast, so the larger the value of n, the
more difficult it is to realize not just everything but
the specific subgroup of the group S in the form of
a trinomial over Q
Physical Sciences and Engineering
Surface energy of polymers determines such
important properties of polymers like wetability,
adhesion, ability adsorption of low molecular weight
substances. Inner organization, the structure of the
polymer and the dynamics of interaction between
macromolecular chains are shown at last. At the same
time, the micro-defects (inhomogeneity) of polymers,
which is an integral part of the structure are changed
during deformation and must contribute to changing
of the surface energy and its components.
This article solves the task of detecting changes in the
parameters of surface energy of polymers under
uniaxial deformation. Data for the quantitative
indicators of the surface properties total surface
energy and its dispersive and polar components are
presented. The calculations showed that the disperse
and polar components of all the samples of polymer
materials are about 98% of the total and, therefore, is
crucial. For the first time experimental data,
illustrating the change of surface energy of polymeric
materials had been obtained, including elastomeric
compositions, when uniaxial deformation. The
relative changes of the surface energy vary from 54.5
per cent to 125 %. A decrease of total surface energy
and its dispersion component is observed during
deformation of polymer samples of different structure
and chemical nature
The article presents the results of studies of changes in
the atomic radii of the elements of the periodic table,
depending on their atomic masses. It is shown that the
appearance of p- and d-orbitals introduces a significant
contribution to the value of the atomic radius, and the
appearance of f-orbitals makes a significantly smaller
contribution to the given value. A radial-mass model of
calculations of atomic radii for the elements of the
Periodic Table was developed. Optimal conditions for
making calculations were chosen. For the first time the
values of atomic radii for elements with the order
number 103-120 are calculated. It is shown that the
values of atomic radii for elements with the order
number 103-120 are in the range from 140 to 335
picometers and regularly change in the period
The article presents the results of studies of changes in
the atomic radii of isotopes of the elements of the
periodic table. With using the mass-radial model of
calculations, the values of atomic radii for isotopes of
chemical elements were obtained. It is shown that the
atomic radius of different isotopes of one element is
different and depends on the mass and radius of the
nucleus. To study the changes in ∆Rav values in the
groups and periods of the Periodic Table of Chemical
Elements, the ∆Rav dependences on the period number
and group number are constructed. It is found that the
values depending on the number ∆Rav period / group
for the d-elements lie in the low ∆Rav values for selements
- in high ∆Rav values, and p-elements - in
average values ∆Rav. It is shown that when the atomic
nucleus is increased by 1 neutron, the atomic radius
increases from 0.01 to 4.76 pm, which is due to the
physical effect inside the atom
Life Sciences
The phenomenon of fasciation on the example of a higher plant called “Taraxacum officinale Wigg” has been considered. The effect of fasciation on the various particularities of plants has been shown. There are numerous examples of the different fasciation types of present plant’s type which are growing in different ecological areas. We have demonstrated that the phenomenon of fasciation exists in natural populations and in areas with development pressures, and it may occur after mechanical damage to plants of Taraxacum officinale. In most cases, fasciation is regarded as an exceptional phenomenon. A number of authors have distinguished fasciation to non-inheritable and inheritable. The first is the influence of external factors such as insect damage, injury, weather conditions. The second is caused by internal reasons. The number of regularities was installed that the reproductive bodies of plants are more often fascinated, and thermophilic forms are more likely to have fasciation. Photographic images of various types of fasciation, patterns and diagrams are given. Fasciation can be considered as a marker because of the connection of this phenomenon with the violation of the ecological situation. Plants with morphoses including ones with fasciation of individual organs, can act as indicators of pollution of the natural environment. Thus, the phenomenon of fasciation affects many areas of science, such as ecology, morphogenesis, genetic monitoring. The possibility of studying the phenomenon of fasciation on a model object of dandelion is shown. As a methodical approach to the study of this phenomenon, it is proposed to create a database of images, in this way it would be cataloging the image
The article presents the results of the genetic analysis of the trait ‘plant height’ for six crosses involving the forms related to different subspecies of rice. There have been estimated the types of inheritance and a number of genes, which assist to determine this quantitative trait. We have found out that the variance of the trait ‘plant height’ is determined by 3-5 pairs of genes having additive and dominant activities and the degree of dominance reduces in case the variance among parental forms increases. The non-allelic interaction of the genes of the initial forms produces transgressive dwarf and tall forms. The cross ‘Lampo’x’Virazh’ showed the highest degree of transgression in ‘plant height’ due to short height of both parental forms (61.7%), but the frequency of transgression was larger than that of the cross ‘Lampo’x’Komandor’(17.6%). This combination (‘Lampo’x’Komandor’) produced more tall forms (up to 135 cm). The segregation of a great number of tall forms into F2 testifies that the parental forms of these hybrids vary in the allelic state of several pairs of genes, whose various combinations form phenotypes with a longer stem. Thus, the semi-dwarf feature of the varieties ‘Lampo’, ‘Komandor’ and ‘Virazh’ is determined by various non-allelic genes
In the Southern Federal University on the genetic basis
of sunflower inbred line 3629, a collection of plastid
mutants with varying degrees of chlorophyll
deficiency was created by inducing Nnitrosomethylurea.
Chlorophyll content was associated
with their photosynthetic activity. It was found that the
lower the chlorophylls content in mutant plastids, the
lower the sugar concentration in plant tissues. For
example, during the entire period of plant growth for
whites (1.0-3.0 % chlorophylls a+b from control) var-
10, var-17 and yellows (6.0-9.5 % chlorophylls a+b
from control) var-29, var-33 leaf areas of variegated
mutants depending on the development phase and the
content of green pigments are characterized by a low
(2-7 fold) sugar content. Yellow-green (75.5%
chlorophylls a + b from control) leaves of en:chlorina-
7 contain a higher level of carbohydrates, although it is
1.5-2 fold lower than at line 3629. Monosaccharides
are products of hydrolytic reactions catalyzed by β-
glycosidases. It was shown, that the activity level of β-
galactosidase and β-glucosidase exceeded the
corresponding indicators of the control at 1.5-2 and 2-7
fold, respectively. Similarly to enzymes from the
water-soluble fraction, membrane-bound β-
glycosidases also showed increased activity in the
leaves of the investigated mutants, compared to the
control green plants of 3629. Consequently, the
activity of β-glycosidases increases dramatically in
leaf tissues with deficiency of photosynthetic. Thus,
chlorophyll mutations can lead to a change in the
expression of nuclear genes, resulting in a significant
increase in the activity of β-glycosidases in the mutant organelles themselves
The results of the introductory test of 22 species of the
family Caprifoliaceae from 5 genera are analyzed:
Abelia R. Br. (1 species), Diervilla Mill. (1 species),
Kolkwitzia Graebn., Lonicera L. (15 species),
Symphoricarpos Ducham. (2 species), Weigela Thunb.
(2 species) in the Botanical Garden of SFedU. The
estimation of ecological-biological properties, of
degree of naturalization is given, of phenological
development, of age status, of decorative longevity of
these species. It has been established that 17 species
have high winter hardiness: Kolkwitzia amabilis;
Lonicera caprifolium, L. coerulea, L. chrysantha, L.
demissa, L. dioica, L. ferdinandii, L. gracilipes, L. ×
heckrotii, L. japonica, L. morrowii, L. tatarica, L. ×
tellmanniana, L. trichosantha, Symphoricarpos
hesperius and S. occidentalis, Weigela praecox;
drought-resistant: Abelia × grandiflora, Kolkwitzia
amabilis; Diervilla rivularis, Lonicera acuminata, L.
caprifolium, L. confusa, L. chrysantha, L. demissa, L.
ferdinandii, L. × heckrotii, L. japonica, L. morrowii, L.
tatarica, L. × tellmanniana, L. trichosantha,
Symphoricarpos hesperius and S. occidentalis,
Weigela floribunda; medium-drought-resistant:
Lonicera coerulea, L. dioica, L. gracilipes, Weigela
praecox. Period of preservation of decorative qualities
in plant ontogeny: Abelia × grandiflora - not less than
10 years; Diervilla rivularis, Lonicera dioica, Weigela
praecox - 15-20 years; Lonicera demissa, L. gracilipes,
Weigela floribunda - 20-25 years; Lonicera acuminata,
L. caprifolium, L. coerulea, L. confuse, L. chrysantha,
L. etrusca, L. ferdinandii, L. × heckrotii, L. japonica,
L. morrowii, L. tatarica, L. × tellmanniana, species of
Symphoricarpos – 25-30 years, Kolkwitzia amabilis –
30–35 years, Lonicera trichosantha 35–40 years
In the present study, fauna of small mammals of the
Taman Peninsula is analyzed. It is shown that the
complex of rodents and insectivores inhabiting the
study area differs considerably from the adjacent
continental areas and is an isolate. Structure of its
fauna and population resembles that of the steppe parts
of Crimea and, at the same time, North-West NearCaspian
areas. Analyses of variation of the D-loop
regions of mtDNA in yellow-bellied mouse Sylvaemus
witherbyi, as well as certain peculiarities of the species
diversity, show the priority of faunal and genetic
connections of the Taman Peninsula’s mammal fauna
with the North-West Near-Caspian one
In the presented study, we have performed genotyping
of modern Russian rice cultivars using microsatellite
DNA-markers. The markers showed different level of
allelic polymorphism: from 2 to 8 alleles per locus. For
all studied cultivars,unique DNA-fingerprints were
obtained
The article shows the direct impact of oil pollution on
morphometric parameters and external a large burdock
broadleaf and camel spines ordinary. The object of the
study is Sokolovsky oil wells in the Astrakhan region.
Vegetation is very sensitive to violations environment
and most visually reflects the changing ecological
situation territory as a result of anthropogenic impact.
Petroleum products concentration of 8100 mg / kg
leads to a decrease some morphometric indicators
plants and deterioration of their external condition.
The results of content research oil products in the soil
showed that the maximum values of this indicator at
the end of the oil wells (near rescue station), which
was more than 8 ODK, the minimum - in control, in
the region beach (0.1 ODK), at all other points. The
indices were within the norm (1000 mg / kg). In the
location of the oil there were 10 terrestrial plant
species. We have studied plant territories using the
following parameters: root length, thickness, the length
of the above-ground part
Vasily Nosulchak, the newest complex-resistant tableless seedless grape variety, was bred in Greece by Pantelei Zamanidi and Leonid Troshin in 2013 by crossing the Talisman variety with the Yanaky variety. The created variety is a complex inter-species Euro-American-Amur hybrid. The duration of the production period is 146-155 days. The growth of shoots is strong. The degree of grapevine maturing high. Yield is very high. Percentage of fruit-bearing shoots 90. Average weight of bunches 900 g. It is stainable for high winter hardiness, drought resistance and increased resistance to fungal diseases, tolerant to phylloxera. The top of the young shoot is green without pubescence. Young shoots are green, without pubescence. The flower is hermaphroditic. The cluster is large, conical, branching, winged, of medium density. The berry is medium-sized, short elliptical, green-yellow. Peel is thin, strong. The pulp is juicy, with a varietal flavor. The sugar content is high. Rudiments of seeds are soft. The variety is intended for fresh consumption and kishmish production. The table high-yielding seedless variety Vasiliy Nosulchak in terms of winter hardiness, resistance to diseases and pests significantly exceeds all Eurasian varieties of table and kishmish designation. Can be used as a table grapevine for fresh consumption on site and for export, as well as for the production of high-quality dried products. As a winter-hardy variety, it is very promising for cultivation in covered viticulture zones, where table varieties require shelter for the winter. It is of great interest for selection work in breeding frost-resistant, diseases and pests of seedless varieties. To determine the influence of different ecological conditions on the growth, development, quantity and quality of the crop, the variety must be tested on all continents in different ecological and geographical areas of cultivation - in the grapes producing countries of America, Eurasia, Australia, Africa
Professional apple gardening is bound to particular
risks, of which is essential losses of a harvest because
of diseases. An apple scab, the caused Venturia
inaequalis (Cooke) G. Winter, brings the greatest
loss. The main approach in monitoring of a scab of an
apple-tree is creation of grades, steady against
pathogen. In the present work we have carried out
phytopathology testing of generations of the seedlings
received from the free pollination of six forms of a
crab of Malus orientalis from a collection MOS VIR
(Maykop) characterized by a relative resistance to the
apple scab in 2-3 classes of damage by long-term data. For infection we used inoculum, consisting both
of natural population of a scab, and of strains of
pathogen of various cultivars and geographical origin.
When carrying out padding infection increase in force
of an infectious background that can be bound to
selection of the plants of biotypes of a fungus that are
most adapted for genotypes was noted. It is
recommended for precise elimination of unstable
plants at selection at early stages of an ontogenesis to
carry out more than one serial infection during the
season. By results of the phytopathological testing,
we highlighted three Malus orientalis forms from the
six studied No. 17982, 17985 and 3080 the most
perspective stability genes for an introgressiya in a
cultural gene pool of an apple tree
The distribution and variability of features of the
endemic of flora Eastern Caucasus Centaurea
daghestanica (Lipsky) Czer. were given in this article.
Eleven locations of the species are detected and three
of them are new ones. C. daghestanica grows in the
lower and middle mountain belts from 400 to 1250 m
above sea level. In the lower belt, the species is found
on clayey areas of the solonchak valley of Kar-Kar and
the limestone slopes adjoining the valley, on average
on shale screes and stony slopes. Three populations of
the C. daghestanica we studied. Species composition
on the investigated sites was determined, and a
geobotanical description is carried out. Project
coverage of C. daghestanica in the studied populations
varies within 2–5%. By generative individuals of
different ages were represented mainly populations.
One generative shoot from 30 individuals in each
population was taken to reveal the variability of the
generative shoot structure, on which 13 traits were
taken into account. The degree of variability of the
morphological features of C. daghestanica shoot is
different, the influence of the altitude level on them is
not the same. The annual shoot of C. daghestanica has
an average of 3-5 branches of the first order. Branches
of all levels are located at the bottom of the shoot
Rice fields all over the world are one of the places of invasion of adventive weed species. They can reduce the yield of the rice crop by 20-30%. The phytomonitoring studies in the rice systems of the Krasnodar region in 2017 have discovered a new species of Ammannia coccinea Rottb. (Lythraceae) among the weed vegetation of the grain crops. The article gives a botanical description of the species; its biological and ecological features and ways of its distribution are discussed. Ammannia coccinea is an annual plant, light-loving and hygrophilous. The country of origin is North America. This is one of the most malicious weeds in California and the United States in general. In Asian and European countries, the plant is brought with rice seeds. Currently, in many rice-growing regions of the world, the species A. coccinea tends to spread and increase the severity of infestation. The species was registered in the Krasnodar region in the rice fields of the Abinskiy, Kalininskiy, Krasnoarmeiskiy and Slavyanskiy regions. The number of plants of A. coccinea does not exceed one plant per 10 m2, with the exception of three locations of invasion, where the density is up to 5-7 pcs/m2 and the plants occupy an area about 0.5 hectares. Considering the fact that in rich soils the height of the plant reaches 1 m, with the ramification of the stem, the plants go to the first tier. They successfully compete with rice plants, suppressing their growth and development. This can adversely affect crop yield. The article discusses the reasons for the appearance of A. coccinea in the rice fields of the Krasnodar region
Physical Sciences and Engineering
Techniques of value analysis and "Direct-costing" are
well-known and popular. The ideas and principles of
value analysis and the method of "Direct costing" are
very similar, if not identical. On the one hand, these
ideas are very reasonable, well grounded theoretically
and proved its effectiveness in practice. On the other
hand, the wide use of these methods is hampered by
the difficulty of obtaining large amounts of detailed
technological and financial-economic information, as
well as the need for careful research by competent
professionals, well-versed in substantive subject area.
This is the contradiction between the desire to apply
the methods of the value analysis and "Direct costing"
and difficulty to perform it in practice. This
contradiction constitutes a real problem and may often
be discouraging and frustrating. In this work, we
propose a simple and effective solution to this
problem, theoretically well-informed with all the
necessary methodological and software tools and
widely and successfully tested in practice. The
proposed solution is based on two simple ideas: 1)
instead of collecting and holding a meaningful large
amount of technological and financial-economic
information we might apply approaches, pleasant
management theory; 2) to create systems for
automated control of natural and financial-economic
efficiency of expenses we might use the automated
system-cognitive analysis and its software tool – an
intellectual system called "Eidos". In the name of the
specialty 08.00.05 – Economics and national economy management, there are such words: "management of
enterprises, branches, complexes, innovation." The use
of the term "Management" implies that there is a
model that reflects the influence of factors on the
object of control, and there is the management system
making decisions based on this model. However, as a
rule, the dissertations in this field have nothing of this,
except only financial and economic calculations. The
article proposes an approach based on the control
theory, removing this disadvantage
The article presents the theoretical and experimental research of the guide wire, made of polytetrafluorethylene, for sieve system of air grain cleaning machines. We have calculated trajectory of movements of the components of piles of sunflower seeds in the vertical pneumatic channel when they are vanishing from the surface of the guide wire at its various parameters. Specifying the location of a guide wire polytetrafluorethylene in air-sieve grain cleaning machine was carried out in an experimental setup. The guide wire of polytetrafluorethylene was installed in three locations: 1) at a distance of 20 mm to the pneumatic channel; 2) on the levels with the pneumatic channel; 3) at a distance of 20 mm inside pneumatic channel. The approach of the guide wire into the inside of the pneumatic channel in the experimental setup the quality of sunflower seeds increased with 97.61 to of 99.08 %. The content of organic impurities, milled and broken seeds in the pile decreased respectively from 1.83 to 0.21 %, to 1.29 0.66 % 0.51% to 0.25% in the manufacture of wire made of polytetrafluorethylene. To increase the purity of the seeds of the main culture we use a photoelectron separator, and the received seeds for animal feed were in the form of sunflower cake produced on screw presses. As a result of carried out experimental and theoretical researches it is established, that the guide wire shall be made of polytetrafluorethylene and are placed inside the pneumatic channel at a distance of 20 mm and an angle of 40°, which allows to improve the quality of the seeds material and increase the speed of their input to pneumatic channel air-sieve grain cleaning machines type MVU-1500
This work presents main kinds of colourants and methods of painting wood particles. Based on wood structure analysis, it was revealed that hard wood, possessing tracheides and vessels as conducting elements, have the optimal capacity for coloration, in comparison with coniferous trees. A methodology was developed of cloning wooden particles, in the form of chips, with forced immersion in order to obtain established parameters of saturation and brightness. The experiments were conducted with chips of 15-50 mm long, 5-20 mm wide and 3-7 mm thick. The composition of colouring agent included water, acetic acid, and water-emulsion colourants of different types and colours (№1 – colour code (red, yellow, and brown) №2 – colorant (lilac and orange) and №3 – paint). Experience has shown the needed concentration of liquors and mass percentage of compounding ingredients. The research was undertaken to study concentration dependence on the time of allowance and saturation. In consequence of colouring experimental batches of chips, a painting saturation of 4-9 points was obtained at the allowance of 120 and 140 seconds. Dependence of brightness from solubility was determined, with high correlation between given parameters on Pearson Criteria (more than 0.9). Comparative analysis made it possible to discover that the better colouring of particles is created with the red paint. In this case maximum colouring effect is achieved with liquor of water-emulsion paint. Subsequent to the experimental results, a design of installation for colouring wooden particles was developed and patented
Currently one of the promising areas to significantly
improve efficiency of energy saving is the
introduction of renewable sources of energy into the
energy system. In the field of solar energy, we
consider solar photovoltaic power plants with direct
conversion of solar radiation into electricity using
solar panels as the most promising ones. The article
examines the main factors that reveal the prospects
of applying solar photovoltaic power plants. It also
discusses the main advantages and disadvantages in
comparison with traditional and other renewable
energy sources. To improve the operational and
technical characteristics of solar power plants in
their structure significantly, it is proposed to use new
components. Stand-alone inverters for single-phase
transformers with rotating magnetic field will reduce
the number of power electronic devices in the
conversion circuit; they will simplify the system of
control and protection, reduce electromagnetic
interference and improve overall efficiency and
reliability of the converter of the solar power plant.
In addition, the modular design of solar power plants
will also increase the reliability of the power system
due to redundancy of the major functional elements.
It is also important that the construction of solar
power plants in a modular way enhances
maintainability of the system, it significantly reduces
the time for maintenance and troubleshooting in
emergencies; it simplifies the task of changing its
structure depending on requirements of users. The
article reveals peculiarities of work and the main
benefits from the application of solar photovoltaic
power plants
In the article we consider severe conditions of operation of forest cars caused by the difficult land relief and service dirt roads which are badly equipped, as a rule, abounding with roughnesses, obstacles in the form of large superficial roots, stones and boulders, frequent turning movements, steep ascents and descents, considerable cross biases, hollows and boggy sites which lead to increase in consumption of fuel by 1,5-2,0 times and to cutting-down of their life cycle. Ways of increase in their efficiency by equipment by the recuperative mechanisms providing reuse in working process unproductively disseminated to the environment energy, and also promoting increase in reliability and simplification of a design of such cars are analyzed. On the basis of the analysis of the results received when studying a condition of a question, the authors have offered a design of a forest car with a recuperative hydraulic actuator in which gears of recovery are the arrow, a handle and the basic and rotary device of the hydraulic manipulator, reversible hydraulic motors of wheels and a suspender of the forest car. The scheme is submitted and work of a recuperative hydraulic actuator is described. The technique of an assessment of efficiency of the offered design of the forest car with system of recovery of energy is given. The cyclogram of working process of the forest car with the offered hydraulic actuator is constructed
The article presents the development of multi-detail
women’s dress with rectilinear articulation that are
located according to the principle of traditional middle
East ornaments. As the source we have selected
geometric ornaments called girih
Education was always an important part of the
development of the individual and society, because
education is the process of the formation of mind and
character. Each level of education currently requires
increased attention, since the quality of life of future
graduates directly depends on the quality of the
provision of educational services. Despite the fact that
most of the educational process is formalized by
educational standards, regulatory documents and local
acts of educational institutions, this area continues to
need both automation and the development of various
models, methods and techniques, the use of which will
greatly optimize the implementation of the educational
process. There are few software products, models and
methods that assess the quality of education and the
educational process in general, aimed at individual
elements of the educational system. In all the existing,
basically, there is only support for working with
bachelors, slightly less often with masters and very
rarely with graduate students. This article describes
methodological approaches to assessing the
achievements of graduate students, as well as an
information system for supporting the educational
process of graduate school
The aim of the research was to develop a geographical
information system (GIS) for monitoring soil fertility
based on calibrated remote sensing data within Rostov
region. The possibility of developing a geoinformation
system for irrigated agrolandscapes monitoring based
on modern computer geoinformation technologies for
problems solving of reclaimed territories management
in cooperation with other automated information
technologies is considered. An example of selecting
main degradation processes for the irrigated
agrolandscape within Rostov region boundaries, the
main possibilities of the system and the proposed
directions for its development are presented. To
develop a geoinformation monitoring system, the
ArcGIS 10.4.1 for Desktop software package has been
selected. Monitoring GIS includes remote sensing data
obtained from the VEGA-Science satellite monitoring
service. The technology for creating a geodatabase for
degradation processes monitoring, necessary for rapid
analysis of information and time-saving on collection,
processing and calibration of data bulk is introduced.
As a mapping principle, graduation of farm fields by
intensity of land degradation processes was used. GIS
monitoring includes multi-layer digital maps and data
attribute tables characterizing the main indicators of
soil fertility and crop seeding development. The use of
GIS technologies with satellite data will significantly
reduce the complexity of field survey data processing
by data processing automation and is promising for
developing computer monitoring systems for irrigated
agro landscapes. Farm specialists are offered a
convenient mechanism not only for data accumulation,
but also for maintaining fields’ history with reference
to the yield year. Analysis tools allow performing data
spatial and logical queries, to run samples and reports
Assessment of barley for the blotch incidence is traditionally carried out by visual determination of leaf damage with the help of the available expert – phytopathologist , and with the account scales which allows to characterize a variety for resistance or susceptibility to the studied disease in field conditions. This method has a number of disadvantages that are proposed to be overcome by developing a new tool of a phytopathologist. The measuring tool of a phytopathologist should provide high accuracy of the assessment of plants damage caused by the disease, and the measurement procedure should be quick and easy. The aim of this work is to develop a mobile tool of a phytopathologist for quantitative fast assessment of winter barley leaves damage caused by blotch in field conditions. To achieve this goal the following tasks should be fulfilled. Objective 1: introduce the idea and concept of problem solution; Objective 2: justify the choice of method and solution tool; Objective 3: apply the selected method and tool to solve problems, i.e. to perform the following steps: – cognitive structuring of the subject area; – formalization of the subject area; – synthesis and verification of models; – improvement of the quality of the model and choice of the most reliable model – solving diagnostics problems within the most reliable model (classification, recognition, identification), decision support and research of the simulated subject area by studying its model. Objective 4: describe the effectiveness of the proposed solution. Objective 5: examine the limitations and disadvantages of the proposed solutions of the problem and prospects of its development by overcoming those limitations and disadvantages. The article provides a detailed numerical example of the solution of tasks on real data processed with the ASC- analysis and "Eidos" system
The article considers a solution for an
economy prognosis formation task in
different industries and service sector. In
addition, it contains a review of
mechanism of an intersectoral balance and
theoretical components of V.V. Leontief
linear economic model of intersectoral
balance. Premises of mathematiceconomical
apparatus usage and practical
usage in economy planning of many world
countries and also results of this apparatus
working making that countries’ economic
condition “almost balanced” are studied.
Inferences of “Input–Output” method
significance in economy planning for
company groups and country in general are
made in this article too.
Solution of program product for
calculations and analysis development
necessity is substantiated. In this program,
output of reports is envisaged. Practical
example of intersectoral balance task with
the developed program is given in article
and accuracy of calculations is approved.
Program product structure and
development tools are described. The
program can be used as a tutorial for
students studying on economical directions
for economic indicators calculation
experience gaining
The article offers a method of details finishing and cleanup processing based on the details and working environment granules mass hashing in combination with the target transporting movement from loading to unloading. Such combination is provided by means of technological process in which the movements are carried out at the expense of the working body executed in the form of a complex screw rotor with the multidirectional screw surfaces formed by flat elements. Four screw rotors designs and methods of their assembly as well as the recommendation on the use of screw rotors are shown: "The movement of the processed details and particles of a working environment is the most complex and infinitely various among the I class screw rotors and the most elementary and uniform among the IV class screw rotors". The practice and experimental control of the details finishing technological process introduction efficiency in screw rotors have shown that for the considered case productivity of, for example, agnail removal increases tens of times. It is reached not only at the expense of the possibility of continuous processing provision in screw rotors, but also due to significant increase in amplitudes of low-frequency fluctuations which are reported to loading masses by the screw rotors machines located at different angles to each other and to screw rotor rotation axis
In the article there are results of theoretical and experimental
researches on creating a working part for leafsplitting
and orientation of tobacco leaves when preparing
for their drying
Long-term storage of fruits can be achieved by means
of decreasing microbial contamination of their surface
as a result of fruits pre-treatment by biopreparations
before dispatching for storage. In the current study
patterns of influence of fruits pre-treatment with the
“Ekstrasol” biopreparation in a number of
concentrations of bioagent on the microbial
contamination of their surface during storage are
revealed. The “Ekstrasol” preparation is a biofungicide,
containing the Ch-13 strain of Bacillus subtilis bacteria
and their metabolites. As research objects there were
chosen apples of a zoned in the Krasnodar region
variety called Idared and pears of a zoned in the
Krasnodar region variety called Conference, harvested
in 2016. The apples and the pears were stored over a
period of 6 months in the low temperature conditions.
Samples were withdrawn every month over the period
of storing. The species composition and quantity of the
most prevalent microorganisms, potentially causing the
spoilage of apples and pears during storing, were
identified. The optimal concentration of the bioagent,
which provides the maximal decreasing of microbial
contamination of fruits’ (apples and pears) surface, is
established – 106
CFU/g, dosage of solution – 1 ml per 100 g of fruit
To determine the mass fraction of linolenic acid in flax
seed oil the authors developed a rapid method based on
the pulse method of nuclear magnetic resonance with
the use of NMR analyzers low resolution. This method
has some significant advantages compared with the
known method on the basis of chromatographic
method for the determination of the mass fraction of
linolenic acid in the oil extracted from the seeds of
flax, namely, does not require additional sample
preparation (extracting oil by solvent), eliminates the
use of toxic chemicals, requires a much lower
investment of time to conduct a single analysis, highly
automated, and eliminates the influence of human
factor on the research results. The method is based on
the revealed correlation between the weighted average
time spin-spin relaxation of protons contained in the
triacylglycerols of the oil of the flax seed, and a mass
fraction of linolenic acid in the seed oil at a
temperature of 23ºc. In article results of research of
influence of temperature on the weighted average time
spin-spin relaxation of protons contained in the flax
seed oil. Installed directly proportional linear
relationship between the temperature of flax seeds and
measured the average time spin-spin relaxation of
protons oil contained in the flax seeds with the correlation coefficient is 0,930, the temperature change
of the sample of seeds at 1 ° C leads to the change of
the coefficient is 0.011 kt. The developed
methodaccuracy in the temperature range from 20 to
26 ºC
At present, the state management of labor protection
in Russia adheres to the goals of harmonizing the
domestic legislation with the best world practices in
this field, eliminating internal contradictions in
legislation and building an active management
system for labor protection provided that a «favorable
climate» for the conduct of business activities is
provided. The regulatory and legal state regulation of
labor protection forms the basis for the development
and implementation of a set of measures to create
conditions for maximum protection of life and health
of workers. The authors consider the modern legal
framework and standards in the field of management
of labor protection in the organization. Reflects the
changes that have occurred in the Russian labor
legislation regarding the employer's duty to create
and maintain a labor protection management system.
The aspects of introduction of the health and safety
management system are considered taking into
account the requirements of the draft international
standard ISO/DIS 45001 «Occupational health and
safety management systems - Requirements with
guidance for use». It is shown that one of the modern
directions of standardization in the field of labor
protection is the development of risk management
and an analysis of foreign practice of legal regulation
of issues in the field of occupational safety. The
article is intended for specialists in documenting
processes carried out implementation, operation and
maintenance of a health and safety system, and on
students of higher education institutions and teaching staff
In recent years, the problem of deficiency of biologically active substances in a number of food products has arisen. This is due to a deterioration in the quality of seed and planting material and, accordingly, a decrease in the content of BAS in the cultivated fruit and vegetable raw materials. In this regard, processing companies are forced to fill the lack of vitamins and dyes with synthetic components. The aim of the research is to obtain concentrated food additives from domestic plant raw materials. To achieve this goal, the tasks of obtaining powders from fruits and berries are solved with maximum preservation of BAS of the raw material during drying. High-quality powders from fruits and berries are obtained by cryogenic technology, using liquid nitrogen at one or several stages of the process. As intermediate results of the research, the paper presents materials on the dispersion composition of cryopowders and the solubility of their various fractions in aqueous media. The technology of obtaining and using powdered food additives from fruits and berries, ground in liquid nitrogen, has been approved. The comparative characteristics of the composition cryopowders from apricot, sea-buckthorn, pumpkin, feijoa and persimmon are given. The results of the studies confirmed the expediency of using cryopowders from fruits and berries to enrich various food products
The article provides experimental data, which help to
substantiate the effectiveness and feasibility of
application of plant resources, produced by the rubbing
of the pears in the production process of puree as raw
material for the production of secondary food additive.
For the first time, with the use of pulsed NMR it is
established that processing of secondary resources of
pears processing in UHF EMF influence on the
redistribution of bound and free moisture, i.e., the
maximum transition was for linked moisture to free
moisture, noted in the processing of secondary
resources in UHF EMF with the rate of heating
(increase in temperature) 0,4 °С/s to a temperature of
60 °С. It is established that such processing of
secondary resources of processing of pears allows to
increase the average speed of the subsequent IR-drying
and reduce the time IR drying in 2 times in comparison
with IR-drying of control sample (without
pretreatment in UHF EMF). Pre-treatment of
secondary resources of processing of pears to UHF
EMF for the identified modes allows for their
subsequent IR-drying to reduce the loss of vitamin C,
23.9% and P-active substances – by 20.6% compared
with the control sample. We have developed technological modes of production of food additives
from secondary resources of processing of pears,
providing maximum preservation in its composition of
thermolabile biologically active substances – vitamin
C and P-active substances. On the basis of these
studies, there was developed a set of technical
documentation, including TU 10.39.25-423-
040801346-2016 "Food additive. Pear Powder" and a
technological instruction for the production of food
additives
The article analyzes the structures of domestic selfpropelled
potato harvesters, developed in 60-90th of the
last century. It considers their layout: based on selfpropelled
chassis NL-45, NL-65, NL-75, K-mounted
single-row and double-row 5B K-5A and KKSSH-2, on
the basis of MTZ-142 Four-KSKD-4; specialized
harvesters KSK-4-I, KSK-4A-1.We have disclosed the
advantages and disadvantages of each of the structures
shown the way forward. The analysis shows a general
trend of equipment self-propelled combines cartofeleuborochnyh
means to monitor the work of the
working bodies and councils-ment process, as well as
hydrostatic transmission based hydroficated bridges or
motor-wheels to run on high-styah soon. In the
arrangement of machines and their technological
schemes trend-Uwe crease width, equipment storage
hopper, enabling productivity-dit unloading products in
a number of oncoming traffic. We consider the design
perspective of modular self-propelled potato harvester
BCSC-4K, consisting of technological and power
module. Conducted owners-governmental tests combine
BCSC-4K display-whether it combines advantages over
KSK-4-I and KSK-4A-I performance and quality
indicators
In the present article, a technique for studying the
influence of the parameters of a drying plant on the
optimization criteria is described. The design of a
laboratory plant for drying bee-bread is presented. An
adequate empirical dependence of the effect of the
parameters of the process under study on the residual
moisture of bee-bread is established. An optimal
combination of factors has been revealed, which
makes it possible to minimize the residual moisture
of bee-bread
The article formulates and solves the task of discrete
control in the thermophilic stage of the composting
process. It is shown that considering the relay control
entity to maintain specified process conditions requires
the organization of the sliding mode. We have solved the
problem of minimizing the temperature deviation of the
substrate from the set values and the deviation of the
oxygen concentration in the gas phase of the bioreactor
from the specified values. The article shows the
algorithm to compute the discrete control of the
composting process in the thermophilic stage. This work
was prepared in the framework of the scientific project
16-48-230441 a(R) "Mathematical modeling of the
processes occurring in the automated installation for
year-round production of organic fertilizers in the
conditions of the Krasnodar region", financed by RFBR
and the administration of the Krasnodar region
We have experimentally studied fluctuations of power of an electric arc in different types of plasmatrons with different power supplies in the article. Influence of fluctuations of power of the plasmatron on technology parameters of a plasma stream (current, voltage, an enthalpy, temperature, speed of a plasma flow) and on process of forming of coatings at impulse plasma was experimentally shown that the nature of fluctuations depends from fluctuations of voltage of the power supply, plasmatron type and also from fluctuations of an electrical arc. The size of fluctuations of power can be 50-100%. It is experimentally shown that impulses of power of an electric arc are capable to complicate supply of sprayed powder in to the plasmatron. Such fluctuations do not make dispersion of the melted powder particles. In the work, we have drawn conclusions that large-scale pulsations are capable to worsen quality characteristics of plasma coatings significantly
The article is devoted to finding of the optimum
parameters for elastically damping mechanism (EDM)
which is located in transmission of machine-tractor unit
(MTU). The investigated MTU is based on the tractor
of 1.4 class in plowing mode. EDM is designed for
MTU in order to make its’ start smoothly, to reduce the
dynamic load in transmission, to protect engine from
the external load vibration. The “transmittance level”
(index T) is used as evaluation of the protective
mechanism quality. The study was carried out by
means of the experiment planning method, viz. the
central composition plan of second order with five
factors. A regression model for response function
(“transmittance level”) is given. This model takes into
account the chosen EDM characteristics. The statistical
analysis methods (Student’s t-test, Fisher’s test) were
used to study the regression model. The dependence of
response function on each factor apart, their cross
impact on the process are described. The system of
partial differential equations is obtained to find the
optimal values of parameters and response function.
The optimal value of a “transmittance level” can be
obtained by varying different EDM parameter values.
Optimal values of parameters and as result - response
function - allow improving of MTU functioning in
plowing mode
The article is devoted to the solution of the urgent task, which is to increase the reliability of the power supply systems of enterprises for processing agricultural products. The material of the article has a research character, which consists in the fact that the obtained expressions for the frequency characteristics of high-voltage induction motors allow us to investigate the symmetric modes of their operation by means of a more efficient and simple apparatus. A number of provisions of the article have a scientific novelty, which consists in obtaining frequency characteristics for induction motors as a result of the experiment. A convenient procedure for obtaining the frequency response of an induction motor based on the results of an experiment using the mathematical model of an induction motor in the coordinates of the generalized vector and the Fourier transform has been developed. As an example, oscillograms of the stator current of an induction motor of the A-12-52-4 type are given for the initial stage of the start-up. For the stator current of this induction motor, a transition is made from the phase coordinate system to the coordinates of the generalized vector. The dependences of the stator current on the D and Q axes on time are constructed. The real and imaginary parts of the frequency characteristic of the engine are calculated for sliding s = 1, the calculations are illustrated by the corresponding graphical characteristics. The results of the study are proposed to be used for the calculation of transients in power supply systems for enterprises engaged in the processing of agricultural products
The article discusses the technique of calculating the
combine harvester under various harvesting
conditions. The authors consider two options for
optimizing the fleet of combines: the first, when the
harvested area is set, the second, when the harvested
area is not specified. In the first case, the harvester
park is calculated for a known area with different
harvesting times, but within the boundaries of the
agro-industry. In the second variant, a park of
harvesters is justified and it is calculated how much
space it will be able to clean for a different duration of
harvesting operations
The article analyzes the ways of ensuring a stable
quality of fruit in the process of storage. The patented
methods of storage, realization of which allows
increasing of storage life of agricultural products by
means of using low temperatures, regulating the content
of gaseous medium in the storage, creating hermetic
storing conditions, treating with chemical substances,
using biopreparations, were systematized. The analysis
of literature sources and patent information has show
that the development of methods for storing plant raw
materials with using biopreparations is up-to-date
Modern small logging enterprises exporting timber
primarily by lorry transport do not have resources for
implementing research that contributes to reducing
the cost of this type of transport. Besides, there is no
universal and accessible planning methodology and
operative decision-making in the organization of
timber export by lorry transport. Because of this, the
author of the article has proposed a methodology for
improving international timber transportation by
timber trucks. This methodology contains logging
modeling simulation, as well as analysis and contain
of different options of logging. Within the framework
of this methodology, a unique model based on the
discrete event simulation has been developed. This
model simulates a full cycle of timber transportation
from the terminal to several foreign consumers. The
working capacity of the model was verified by
simulating several export scenarios based on data
obtained during field study at one of the logging
enterprises, the annual logging volume of which is
400 thousand cubic meters. The analysis and
comparison of the modeling results have confirmed
the possibility of using this methodology in planning
and organizing international timber transportation for
small logging enterprises
This study proposes a method of determining the cost
of 1 sq. m. apartment on the example of Krasnodar,
which is especially important in connection with the
necessity of reliable and valid assessment of the
property value in a modern market economy. We have
performed an analysis of data on apartments in
Krasnodar from the site of the Regional Energy
Commission - prices and tariffs department of the
Krasnodar region. We have also had an exploratory
analysis of available data on the subject of emissions
and insignificant data (by constructing line graphs and
scatter plots); we have also checked for possible
dependencies between observations and between
variables (built correlation matrix). We have selected
variables is linear, the regression model for the
variable "cost of 1 sq. m the total area, ths. rub.
"(multiple regression). Using regression analysis as a
method of mathematical statistics we have revealed a
form of analytical dependence of the result of the
predictor variables and the degree of this dependence
In this article, we consider problems of power supply of modern electronic devices. The author proposes a new concept of source of power, which resolves this problem. In addition, this article describes limitations of existing desertions in the area of power supply. In the article, we suggest ways of resolving this limitation by creating a new source of power based on principles, which are different from the existing way. In this article, we develop a theory of creating a universal modular source of power, which would have some advantages. This article considers an optimal structural scheme of that source. We have developed a source of power which meets the requirements of power supply of modern electronic devices and has a potential supply for the next development
It is estimated that (85-95%) of the electric motor
failures occur due to damage to the stator winding. In
this case, more than 90% of damage are because of
interturn short circuits. Short circuits in stator windings
of stand-alone asynchronous generator change the base
magnetic flux incidentally, so the probability of its long
work with such kind of damage is great. A latent
failure, existing as a loop closure, significantly reduces
the reliability of the generator as a backup power
source. Now sensitive protections of asynchronous
generators do not exist, since it is believed that in the
case of short circuits (short circuit), the generator loses
its excitation, and protection is not required for it.
Identification of information signs of short-circuit
currents in the stator winding of an asynchronous
generator makes it possible to develop relay protection.
The main principle of detection of stokes closures in
the stator winding of an asynchronous electric motor is
the measurement of the emerging asymmetry of the
stator currents. It has been established that in the case
of short-circuit faults, the asymmetry of the currents
and voltages is not large and comparable to the
asymmetry in the AAG load circuit. This does not
allow performing a protection that reacts to this
asymmetry. You can also say about changing the
harmonic spectrum of currents and voltages. To build
protection, it is necessary to use highly sensitive
circuits for detecting the asymmetry of a three-phase
system of currents and voltages, as well as distortion of
the shape of currents and voltages, for example, by
harmonic analysis. Do not exclude the possibility of
using other protection devices, such as reacting the
vibration of the case of an induction generator in the
event of damage to the stator winding
The electric method of gas dedusting is the most
effective, since it allows capturing solid particles with
a size from 0.01 µm to tens of microns. The efficiency
of dust and gas cleaning equipment of Novocherkassk
SDPP for cleaning flue gases from ash at power units
1-7 in the period from February 2015 to February 2017
is considered. The main equipment is electrostatic
precipitators. As a solid fuel, Donetsk culm is used. It
is established that the efficiency of waste gas
purification at power units 5-7 was about 99 %, while
at power units from the 1st to the 4th this value was
within 95-96 %. The data obtained correspond to the
design data, but it is recommended that the cleaning
devices be improved to improve their efficiency. The
most acceptable is a combined electrofilter-bag filter
The market for functional food products is continuously
increasing and, according to analysts, by 2020 its
share will reach 40% of all food products. The development
of the healthy food has been gathering momentum
in recent years, the search for non-traditional
types of raw materials is constantly being conducted,
and new recipes for products enriched with natural
food additives are being created. In this regard, special
attention is paid to the production and use of powdered
food additives from plant raw materials. Theoretical
significance and practical applicability of powder
technologies in different years was substantiated by
such famous scientists as Deryagin B.V., Donchenko
L.V., Zimon A.D., Zubchenko A.V., Kasyanov G.I.,
Magomedov G.О., Paschenko L.P., Rebinder P.A.,
Tilesnik M.A., Yankhin E.D. In their opinion, using
natural food additives, it is possible to obtain functional
food products with specified chemical composition
and properties. The objects of our research were apricot,
grape seeds, pumpkin flesh, black currant and seabuckthorn
berries, spinach, apples and flour from lowfat
barley. In the course of the study, the effect of dispersity
of the obtained powders on their antioxidant
activity and frictional properties was studied. The expediency
of introducing powders into the composition
of multicomponent food products for enriching them
with carbohydrates, vitamins and microelements is
shown. The organoleptic evaluation of the produced
powders showed that they have high taste values. The
study of organoleptic and microbiological indices of
products enriched with such powders indicates prolongation
of their shelf life. As the main results of the study, we note the assessment of the chemical composition
of the powders from the investigated objects, as
well as the improvement of the technology of drying of
plant raw materials with sparing technological regimes
of its implementation
The present level of development of power systems,
the need to increase their resources and increased
competition have caused especially true problem of
increasing the efficiency of their operation. The work
is devoted to the justification of the selection and
development of a technique of construction of the
diagnostic model to search for failures in power
objects
According to its operating principles, generators of
aircraft electric power supply systems do not differ
from the similar generators of transporting and
stationary systems, but have range of peculiarities:
low weight and dimensions, high density of armature
current, compulsory cooling (air and liquid), high
frequency of rotor spinning. The article considers main
requirements, imposed to generators of flight vehicle
and the construction peculiarities and main physical
and operational characteristics of generators applied in
modern flight vehicles. It is suggested to use noncontact
electrical machines as sources of electrical
energy in the aircraft electric power supply systems:
synchronous generators with impulses from permanent
magnets and asynchronous generators with capacitive
impulse. To improve physical and operational
characteristics of generators and aircraft electric power
supply systems it is suggested to refuse from
permanent frequency spinning drivers which have low
converters as stabilizer of voltage and frequency
current of electrical energy source. The peculiarities of
its operation are considered, its advantages and
disadvantages. It is possible to improve characteristics
of aircraft electric power supply systems by means of
study of the electromagnetic compatibility of the main
functional system elements and by means of
application of non-contact electrical devices, applied in
the guard and control systems, made on the basis of
power and electronic devices
The ways of improving the work of food enterprises during processing of agricultural raw materials on the basis of a system analysis of the durations of technological operations are considered. The basic mathematical models of technological processes have been analyzed and the possibility of using unified technological operations to predict the time of completion of work has been shown for processing various pairs of raw materials. It is established that the construction of mathematical models of technological processes of processing of agricultural raw materials should be based on using the potential of transfer of the target component between isopotential surfaces. This allows not only to unify the created models of technological processes, but also to significantly increase their extrapolating ability to estimate the durations of technological operations
An overview of various ways of preparing roses for
industrial processing with the aim of obtaining rose
essential oil is presented. Based on the patent and
information retrieval data, features of new, scientific
developments in this field, which have not yet found
wide application in industrial processing, their
advantages and disadvantages are discussed. The
conclusion is made about the need to search for new,
modern, environmentally safe ways of preparing raw
essential oil for industrial processing
To reduce the development of additional settlement
strip foundations of the existing building on the effect
of pressure transmitted to a ground base located near
the new slab foundation is considered the work of the
geotechnical barrier in various ground conditions. In
the first variant of soil, conditions (variant 1) made
geotechnical barrier structure in a homogeneous
thickness of the weak clay soil. In the second variant
of soil conditions (variant 2), a separating barrier is
performed in a two-layer base. The upper base layer
(carrying) is shown a weak water-saturated clay soil,
and the second (underlying) - low compressible soil
(sandy loam plastic). According to the results of the
calculations and modeling found that, the greatest
positive effect on the separating barrier structure
(geotechnical barrier) is achieved in the case when the
base is a two-layer. The lower part of the geotechnical
barrier must be recessed into the soil of low
compressibility. Additional settlement strip foundation
of the existing building in a uniform basis (variant 1)
in the absence of geotechnical barrier is approximately
8 cm. In the case of a two-layer base (variant 2), the
additional settlement strip foundation building is
reduced by 80-85% (6.6 cm) and will make about 1.4
cm
The power plant being investigated is Novocherkassk
State District Power Plant located in the settlement of
Donskoy, Rostov region. The power object is included
in the list of objects of the fuel and energy complex
subject to categorization and is defined as critically
important. The analyzed site is the "subsidiary farm",
which includes a chemical reagent warehouse and a
site for chemical water purification, where hazardous
substances are treated: sulfuric acid and technical
sodium hydroxide. The analysis of the main causes of
accidents at thermal power stations occurred during
processing, storage and transportation of hazardous
substances, and typical scenarios of possible accidents
at the chemical water treatment plant of thermal power
plants were considered
Life Sciences
In recent years, many pigs of specialized breeds,
characterized by increased meat qualities, have been
brought to Russia from Canada and a number of
European countries. The article presents the results of
the assessment of slaughter and meat qualities of pigs
of different genotypes. Danish pig meat was used as
research objects: purebred landrace (CHL), benthic
hybrid Landrasx yorkshire (LxY), three-breed hybrid
landrace hyorkshire x dyurok (LxXxD), removed from
control fattening, and developed prototypes of delicacy
products. The commission evaluation of meat and
broth showed that the boiled meat from the three breed
animals received the highest score, and the quality of
the broth significantly exceeded the samples of
purebred landrace and two-breed animals. As a result
of the tasting evaluation of the Voronezh ham, it was
established that the samples of meat from threebreeded
pigs, in comparison with the samples from
purebred meat, show the most pronounced flavor,
aroma and soft consistency
Excess body weight is a serious problem, involving a
set of diseases presently. For this reason, taking into
account demands of science there was a development
of production of food with the lowered energy value
for the people having first of all obesity that led to
production of substitutes. Even more often producers
resort to use of nutritional supplements, which
generally receive in synthetic way. In this article, we
analyzed multiple references and summarized the
material regarding beet fibers. As a result of numerous
researches it has been proved that food fibers make
favorable impact both on the separate systems of a
human body, and on all organism. The use of the
minor products of processing of the plant raw material
is also critical; they allow improving the preventive
properties of products and enriching them with dietary
fibers, protein, and mineral elements and also
development of food development of curative and
preventive action. Citri-Fi food fibers which are
received from dried-up orange pulp are well-known,
they can keep a large amount of water throughout
technological process. They exert positive impact on
structure of fat that gives the chance to create a
product with the lowered content of fat
The article presents the results of the study of the
effect of the size of the explant clonal rootstocks for
stone fruit crops of the Krymskaya OSS VIR VSL-1,
VSL-2, LC-52, RVL-1, RVL-7, VVA-1, AP-1 injected
in vitro and concentration vitamins and
phytohormones in a nutrient medium on the efficiency
of introducing in vitro of these rootstocks. The optimal
size of the injected in vitro explant was determined and
nutrient medium in the first stage of micropropagation
was optimized. The optimal size of the dissected
meristem, which provides the maximum percentage of
explant initiation is 0.4 mm. The modified version of
the nutrient medium based on the Murashige and Skug
prescriptions with a reduced content of vitamins B1 0.1
mg / l, B6 0.4 mg / l, PP- 0.4 mg / l, and phytohormone
6-BAP - 0.3 mg / l. at the first stage of cultivation of
explants of clonal rootstocks for stone fruit crops is
optimal. The survival rate of explants in all tested
samples of clonal rootstocks on this modified nutrient
medium was in the range of 92.5-97.5%
In peach orchards of the Russian humid subtropics, leaf curl is the most dangerous and harmful disease. Due to the high degree of danger from the peach leaf curl, for the first time in this region the main task was to analyze peach leaf curl development on weather conditions. In order to solve the problem, it is proposed to apply a new innovative intellectual technology: automated system-cognitive analysis (ASK-analysis) and its software tools - the “Eidos” system. In order to build the model, based on our own observations and the experience of Russian and foreign colleagues, it was decided to use the following factors: the sum of temperatures above +4 ° C of the current year (for the period from January to April), the sum of temperatures above +4 ° C of the previous year (for the whole year), the sum of precipitation of the current year (for the period from January to April), the sum of precipitation of the previous year (for the whole year), the number of hours of infection (in the current year). It was established that such factors as the number of hours of infection, the sum of temperatures above +4 ° C in April and during the period from January to April, as well as the sum of precipitation in March and April, are the most important in the dynamics of peach leaf curl development and spread. High rates of leaf curl spread and development are caused by the number of hours of infection in the range of 1440 ... 2064 hours, as well as by low air temperatures in March and April (the sum of temperatures above +4 °C – 89,4-240,4° and 283,7-316,7°, respectively) and high air temperatures - in January and February (the sum of temperatures above +4 ° C – 155,3-259,6° and 243,5-280,1°, respectively)
Feijoa crop is valuable due to the complex of useful
traits (high frost resistance, big yield, ornamental
value and long profitable period). These fruits have
delicate flavor, nutritional and dietary properties. The
fruits are juicy with a pleasant, gentle, refreshing
sweet and sour taste, specific strawberry-pineapple
flavor and contain significant quantities of important
substances for the human body. Pectin (up to 2.5%),
sugars (6-14%), proteins, vitamins, organic acids,
mineral salts, etc. are among them. However, the
challenge of its cultivation is the lack of cultivars and
plantations are represented by a mixture of hybrids
originated from free pollination, and characterized by
a great variety in biological and morphological traits,
differing not only in yield, but in size, shape and
yield period. In this connection, the breeders faced
the objective to create new cultivars of feijoa, using
classical and modern breeding methods and available
genetic resources for commercial gardening and
production. Development of the core hybrid diversity
material and selection of promising forms are the
most important stages of the breeding process,
providing success of further breeding programs. The
breeding of varieties and forms for crossings was
carried out according to the principle of combining
the desirable traits of the obtained offspring. There
are direct and reverse crosses in six combinations
('Dachnaya' x 'Superba', 'September' x 'Superba',
'Dagomysskaya' x 'Superba', 'Superba' x 'Dachnaya',
'Superba' x 'September', Superba ; X 'Dachnaya'). The
viability of the pollen was evaluated prior to
pollination, by germination on a nutrient medium -
1% agar-agar + 15% sucrose. The degree of fertility
varied year by year: in 2015 - 60-62%, and in 2016 -
68-77-88%. The best crossing combinations were
established 'September' x 'Superba' and the 'Superba'
x 'Dagomyskaya for the creation of the hybrid
genepool of Feijoa sellowiana. A high percentage of germination of the feijoa seeds was noted in
combinations of 'Dagomyskaya' x 'Superba' (74%)
and 'Superba' x 'Dagomysskaya' (70%).
In the conditions of middle valley of the Lena River on
the cryogenic, inundated, cespitose and chernozemic
soils different steppe communities differently react on
dietary regime. Herb-grass phytocenosis at organic
dietary regime is reformed in cereal phytocenosis with
the contents of cereals to 76% and bean types 19% of
dry basis with productivity to 20 centner of hectare of
dry basis. At the same time the efficiency of the
improved phytocenosis was on charge exchange
energy of 17,3 mega joule of hectare, feed units 1032
and a crude protein of 247 kilo of hectare. The whetgrasses
phytocenosis has provided productivity to
19,4 centner of hectare and the content of perevarimy
protein in 1 feed unit up to 118 gram. So the most
effective for the steppe meadows is using complex
fertilizer (humus of 20 tons of hectare + N60P60K60),
increasing the productivity twice with a high quality of
food
The article identifies the value of livestock in the economy of the Bryansk region; we have also given the spatial-temporal analysis state of the industry and identified the key trends in its development over the past 25 years. This work considers the geography of industries and production of major livestock products
In the world, huge work is being done to create global
information banks of plant genetic resources. The need
for conservation and rational use of genetic resources
in modern conditions has become very relevant.
Genetic collections are the basis for selection work:
creating new varieties, replenishing the assortment
with new, classic, introduced and native varieties,
adapted to the natural (soil and climatic) conditions of
the cultivation sites. In the Anapa ampelographic
collection, 4911 varieties of various ecogeographical
and genetic origin are represented, the use of which
provides great opportunities for creating and breeding
new varieties, their state testing and zoning. In the
gene pool of the ampelographic collection, most
varieties of V. vinifera L. grapes are represented by
local honeycombs of different regions of the grape
culture, and more than one fourth of varieties of V.
vinifera L. are obtained from intraspecific crossings.
Despite the value of local varieties of grapes, they do
not always meet all the requirements of production.
Therefore, to improve the local assortment, it is
necessary to carry out selection - breeding new
varieties of grapes. This article presents the long-term
results of the work on the selection of varieties of table
and technical directions in the Anapa ampelographic
collection used for breeding. Also, the role of the
genetic collection in the creation of new generation
varieties by combinative selection is shown - as
donors for creating new varieties of grapes. Dedicated
varieties are the sources of valuable traits, which are given primary importance and are especially important
for the viticulture of the Russian Federation
In order to find compounds that increase sugar beet resistance to the adverse effects of herbicides, a series of naphthalenesulfonamides derivatives have been synthesized. The protective effect of new compounds for the herbicide mixture Betanal, Lontrel and Super Zeleke was studied in field conditions. The effect of pyridylhydrazones on the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments in leaves was investigated. Substances with a high protective effect were found
The purpose of the study was to examine a century of
experience of growing of forest cultures of the
Siberian stone pine in forest conditions in the region of
the Middle Volga. To achieve these objectives, we
have investigated old growth culture of Siberian stone
pine in the conditions of fresh oak forests in the
territory of Rootka forestry of the Mari El Republic.
Culture of Siberian stone pine was planted after
continuous tillage. The distance between rows was 2,5
m, step landing – 1,0 m. The site was divided into five
options, depending on variations in the width of
planting strip (I-48 m, II-44 m, in III-40 m, IV - 36 m,
V - 32 m). The studies have shown that the Siberian
stone pine trees, regardless of the variant, are
characterized by good clean ability from twigs, which increases with decreasing of the width of the curtain. It
can be noted that in the 100-year-old age, the average
height of trees reaches of 28,7 m, an average diameter
of 49,8 cm. Stock of forest reaches 795,3 m3
/ha. Best
annual increase is observed in growing cultures of
cedar in the wings with a width of 40 m and is 7,95-of
7,93 m3
/ha. Based оn the research, we have concluded
that Siberian stone pine should be recommended for
introduction into the zone of coniferous-broadleaved
forests of the Middle Volga region. When creating
crops, it is necessary to use larger seedlings and plant
density is not more than 1,0 thousand pieces/ha, and
the width of the planting strip shall be not less than
40,0 m.
Intensification of agriculture during the twentieth
century was accompanied by an increase in
international trade, resulting in the resettlement of
many species across continents. As a result of these
processes, many adventives species have become
economically significant and dangerous plants in agro
and urban biosensors. One such plant is Ambrosia
artemisiifolia L., imported from North America to
Russia. The use of chemical means of suppression of
A. artemisiifolia L. often does not give positive results
in agrocenoses, because of its biomorphological
features. In urban areas, within the boundaries of
sanitary zones, the use of chemicals is prohibited.
Therefore, the most promising direction in the
suppression of ragweed ambrosia is the ecologies
method. The article discusses the possibility of using
an ambrosia leaf beetle in the feeding of ragweed in
the territory of Russia
An experiment has been carried out on the effect of
germination of seeds with perlite on the improvement
of the growth force of rye Vyatka-2. The purpose of
the experiment was to study the effect of perlite on
the growth force of seeds under the conditions of
additional fertilizers and changing the volume water
during irrigation. The task of the work was to
determinate the growth force of seeds with perlite.
The growth force of the seeds was determined after
10 days in sprouted seeds in five samples in glass
vessels with three different moisture conditions. It
was proved that germination of seeds with perlite
increased the seed growth force up to 28% in
comparison with seeds grown in sand (a control
sample). The result also depended on decreasing of
humidity rate up to 30-40%
The proposed agro technology for the cultivation of
soft winter wheat contributes to the reproduction of
fertility of leached Chernozem of the Western
Ciscaucasia. As a result of application of fertilizers in
the arable layer of soil hydrolytic acidity decreased by
21.8%, humus content increased by 10.3%, mobile
phosphorus - by 54.8%, mineral nitrogen by 10.3%
and potassium - by 9.6% compared to the control.
Studied agricultural technology allowed to increase the
yield of winter wheat to 81.8 kg/ha and protein to 15.3
per cent, of gluten, to 27.8%. We have noticed
exceeded concentration of mobile phosphorus in the
upper soil horizon (1.5 MРС) in the cultivation of
wheat after alfalfa, which contributed to reduced grain
yield. Under conditions of prolonged application of
fertilizers and pesticides reduced the content of mobile
forms of trace elements - copper and zinc. The content
of mobile forms of Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Co, Pb and Cd
below the limit values of environmental and
Toxicological regulations clayey and loamy soils for
agricultural purposes. The trend of accumulation of
cadmium in the green mass of plants (~ 1.2 MPC) and
winter wheat grain up to 1.5 MPC for baby food
The influence of different agricultural technologies on
the yield of winter barley variety ‘Gordei’ was studied.
Economic evaluation was given to the researched
factors. The studies were carried out at the
experimental station of Kuban State Agrarian
University in the conditions of polyfactorial long-term
soil monitoring. The soil is represented by strongly
leached, light-clay black humus with an average
thickness of the humus horizon - 150 cm. It was found
that with the change of technology (fertilizer, tillage,
sowing method, means of protection) winter barley
yields increases to 50% in comparison with the
control. According to the analysis of bioenergetic and
economic evaluation it makes sense to use the variants
022, 111 and 222 at plowing, where the maximum net
efficiency ratio and net income are noticed
The researches on the mustard protein-containing fodder concentrate "Gorlinka" use were carried out during 2015-2016 in the laboratories of Volgograd state agrarian university, as well as at LLC "Donagrogaz" in the Frolovsky district of the Volgograd region. During the research, the authors studied the new high protein fodder additive influence on the digestibility and feeds absorbency, as well as on the blood morphological and biochemical parameters. During the research, it was established that the used fodder additive has a positive influence on the dynamics of the digestibility coefficients and the nitrogen balance. During the physiological experiment, all the experimental cows had a positive nitrogen balance, in the control group it was 9.8 g (the lowest value), in the second group, it was 12.6 g, and in the first one, it was 12.0. When determining the experimental animals’ blood biochemical and morphological parameters the content of the studied components corresponds to the physiological norms. The average daily milk yield for the analogues from the 1st test group was higher as compared to the control, by 1.01 kg, or 5.1%. The mean daily milk yield of the control group was also lower than for the cows of the 2nd test group by 1.45 kg, or 7.4%
The researches were carried out with the support of the Federal state budget establishment "The development assistance fund of small forms enterprises in scientific-technical sphere" (Fund for the innovation promotion), contract number 0019671. The fodder additive «Nutovit» in growing chickens feeding application enriched mixed fodder for farm poultry with protein and especially with the amino acid such as lysine. Scientific-economic experiment was carried out at the poultry-farm enterprise of the Volgograd region in 2015-2016. 4 growing chicken groups with 54 heads in each group were selected for the experiment. The growing chickens were selected according to the cross, age, living body weight, health status. The difference in experimental poultries feeding was that in the experimental groups the sunflower oil cake in the feed mixture was replaced by fodder additive "Nutovit". It was established, that the essential amino acids availability and the saturation of fodder additives with vitamins influence positively on: young chickens live weight and average daily growth, the live weight to 120-days age in the second experimental group amounted to 1657 g, and average daily growth was to 12.46 g, which is higher compared to the control group by 4.48 % at 100% poultry livability; blood morphological and biochemical composition: formed elements of blood, namely erythrocytes, in the experimental groups young chickens blood were more in 0.02 to 0.05×1012/l compared with the control one. The researches established that blood leukocytes reduction in growing chickens of the experimental group was little, in 0.04, 0.09, 0.08 ×109 l. Calcium content in growing chickens blood in the control group was 2.6 mmol/L. The experimental group surpassed the control on 0.14-0.21 mmol/L. The phosphorus content in chickens blood in the experimental groups exceeded the control one by 0.08-0.24 mmol/l. In addition, the feeding cost reduction was established due to the fodder additive "Nutovit" use
This article presents the studying results of new premixes of domestic production using efficiency based on processed products, in particular - oil cakes. The research was carried out in the conditions of the second-order pedigree reproductor in LLC "Svetly" in the Svetloyarsky district of the Volgograd region in the period from 2015 to 2017. During the scientific and economic experience, the authors revealed the new fodder additives positive influence on the laying hens’ egg productivity, on the eggs morphological and incubation rates and on the got young birds. The use of premixes in layer diet, which included the fodder concentrate from the plant raw material "Sarepta" and Camelina seed oil cake, contributed to the increase in the hens laying capacity, in general, the group received in 249 and 310 pieces more than in the control one. The egg average weight from the chickens of the control group was 60.89 g; from the first experimental it was 61.33 g; from the second experimental it was 61.39 g, which was higher than in the control one, respectively, by 0.44 g and 0.50 g. While the hatching eggs morphological indices analysis, it was revealed that all parameters are within the permissible limits of the physiological norm. Fertilization of eggs in the control group was at the level of 89.33%, which is lower than in the experimental groups. As a whole, the eggs' production in groups was 20.00% in the control, 17.33% in the 1st group, and 16.00% in the 2nd test group
The article reviews the results of studying the influence of mineral fertilizers on the uvological, yielding and qualitative indices of the Merlot grape variety in the Anapo-Taman zone of the Krasnodar region. The technology of cultivation of grapes on the experimental plot was performed in accordance with the accepted for the given zone and culture. Agrobiological work was carried out at the optimal time and had a high quality of execution. Grape bushes were laid in a 3.0 x 2.0 m pattern. Formation - a two-shoulder horizontal cordon. On the bushes, there was formed the same load shoots and bunches. Scheme of experience: option 1 – no fertilizers (control); option 2 - superphosphate with a mixture of potassium salt (P90K90) from the autumn; option 3 – nitroammofoska (N120P120K120) from autumn; option 4 – ammonium nitrate (N60) in early spring. Analysis of the results of the studies on the study of biological features of growth, fruiting, yield and quality of Merlot grape varieties on the background of the use of mineral fertilizers shows their high efficiency in the conditions of the Anapo-Tamanskaya zone of the Krasnodar region and can be recommended for use in production conditions. Autumn application of nitroammofoski (N120P120K120) provides an increase in yield by 68.3%, increases the yield of mash from a hectare by 76.7% and the collection of sugar by 97.6%. Autumn application of phosphate-potassium fertilizers (P90K90) and early spring application of ammonium nitrate (N60) also contributed to an increase in yields by 33.3 and 40.6%, respectively. On the output of the wort, these options are equal, and for the collection of sugar phosphate-potassium fertilizers exceed ammonia nitrate
Social Sciences and Humanities
In the article, based on factual material, we reveal the
policy of tsarist Russia in Chechnya at the turn of the
1840-1850-ies. The article points out that in 1836,
Chechnya was not included in the national liberation
movement of highlanders of the North-Eastern
Caucasus. In early 1840, Shamil was elected the
Imam of Chechnya and the Imam of Dagestan and
Chechnya. The same year there was a General revolt
in Chechnya. Since that time, the center of the
national liberation movement in the North-East
Caucasus was moving to Chechnya. The article noted
that for the conquest of the Chechen population by
the king's command despite military means there
were made engineering, economic and ideological
measures. In the end, these measures and the
teachings of Kunta-Haji, which began to spread in
the same period of time, influenced the political
situation in Chechnya and the minds of the Chechens.
And all this, taken together, led to the fact that since
the early 50-ies of the 19th century some groups of
the society of Chechnya began to show a tendency
towards reconciliation with Russia. In the studied
time there was a change of tactics of the king's army
in Chechnya. The Royal army was moving from
trench warfare to the method of the marginalization
of Chechens further and further into the mountains,
through the construction of forest rides, and
consolidated in the captured territory a system of
military forts and Cossack villages. In 1850 the
Royal army began to implement a plan of invasion of
Chechnya which was Dagestan barns. This
undermined the economic base of the Imamate
heavily. Since the beginning of the 1850-ies and up
until 1859, the center of gravity of the Caucasian war
was transferred to Chechnya. There would be major
events that would create the fate of the Imamate.
Thus, the article characterizes the economic and
propaganda policy of tsarism and its importance in
the conquest of Chechnya; we have also highlighted
the military actions against the mountaineers,
explored the tactics and the strategy of the king's
army in Chechnya
The article considers the history of formation and
development of political relations of Krasnodar
territory with the Republic of Cyprus at the end XX –
early XXI centuries. Two stages in the development of
political relations between the Krasnodar region and
the Republic of Cyprus were singled out: the
beginning of the 1990s, the beginning of the 2000s.
Based on materials of the State archive of the
Krasnodar region analyzed the work on the preparation
and implementation of the agreement of 1992 between
the government of the Russian Federation and the
government of the Republic of Cyprus, shows the
activities of the administration of Krasnodar region
and administration of Krasnodar city to establish
political relations of the parties. The attention is
focused on the creation of the first Russian Bank with
100% foreign capital – the Investment Bank of Kuban.
Conclusions are made about the current state of
relations between the Krasnodar region and the
Republic of Cyprus
The article examines the artistic life of the country in the
post-revolutionary period, which was characterized by
the active creative work, diversity and to some extent
inconsistency in culture. It is emphasized that the coup
that took place in 1917, provided the impetus as the
development of certain areas in the arts and cultural
sector in general. It is concluded that the main feature of
art as a component of the revolutionary culture of the
country was to maintain the ideas of the Bolsheviks and
the promotion of the new government, as well as the
submission of the new government of each of the areas
of cultural activity in Russia. Attention is focused on the
fact that the development of art and culture in such
difficult and tense post-revolutionary years in the
country not only did not stop, but even continued to rise.
The Bolsheviks understood the specific role of art,
which manifests itself in the fact that it acts as a means
of social and psychological impact. After all, art gives a
person an opportunity to relive their lives of those who
made history and now works. Therefore, it becomes
clearer and more accessible sense of political, class and
economic relations a lot is through the art. The culture
of the country after the fateful October originally
reflected the changes in the country and the time itself is
filled with a variety of events. Every type of art in its
own way conveys the spirit of the era, the atmosphere
reigning in the post-revolutionary society. The article
says that the Soviet culture was increasingly being filled
with proletarian, internationalist, and socialist content.
That is why characteristic of that time was the desire to
penetrate art in people's daily lives
The article describes the cooperation of the Soviet
authorities and the Muslim Clergy of the Northern
Caucasus in cultural and educational spheres in the
beginning of the 20-ies in the XX century. The article is
written in the framework of the regional competition of
RFFI: "The North Caucasus: Tradition and Modernity"
in 2017 – Krasnodar region. 17-11-23005 the type of
project «a(p)», the subject is «The Soviet authorities and
the Muslim Clergy of the Northern Caucasus in 1917-
1920s: The Experience of the Cooperation (on the
materials of the Circassian peoples). It is noted that
organization of wide cultural and educational activity
performed by the Bolsheviks on The North Caucasus
was the most important condition for organic
participation of the region into the Soviet social and
political space. The main efforts were concentrated on
the formation and creation of a national script.
Eventually аs a result of the interaction between the
Soviet authorities and the Muslim clergy, there was a
formation of new cultural needs and significant sociocultural
changes in Circassian society in accordance
with the political and ideological demands of the new
government
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article discusses the various methods of
influence used in advertising. We have discussed in
detail the mechanisms for the awakening of a desire
for purchase. We have analyzed marketing
techniques used in the design of supermarkets
The article deals with the energy security of Russia in
conditions of sanctions and the globalization of the
modern economy in the world community. It is
substantiated that energy security is the main factor
of political and socio-economic stability of each
state. Russia is not an exception. For many years it
has been the world's largest net exporter of oil and
gas, mainly due to the weakness of the economic
system, the main problems of the oil refining industry
are considered, given The definition of energy
security, the energy security of Russia is analyzed in
the conditions of the crisis. An estimation of the
export of domestic goods is given, the reserves of the
regions are considered according to the level of
extraction of oil resources, the rating of the largest oil
companies is determined by the level of average daily
oil production. It is concluded that for a successful
export, the redistribution of significant oil reserves
between regions within the country will require a
relatively long period, not one or two years. It was
revealed that the level of domestic production is not
fully capable of providing consumers with the
necessary products For which Russia implements the
policy of modernization and reconstruction of the
fuel and energy complex. Russia has been one of the
leading oil exporters for many years, the main
indicators of the oil sector have been examined, the
definition of economic security and energy security
has been defined. The energy security of Russia is
analyzed in the conditions of the crisis, as well as the
globalization of the world economy. A brief
description of the energy security policy of the
Russian Federation is given. An assessment is given
of both the world oil sector and the Russian oil
sector, based on this assessment, a conclusion has
been drawn about the deteriorating conjecture of the
oil industry. A correlation-regression analysis of the
effect of oil prices on the quotes of the Russian ruble
was conducted, and on the basis of the findings it was concluded that the Russian economy is in a
sufficiently strong dependence on oil prices. The
possible variant of reducing such dependence through
the increase in the role of SPIMEX in the
international arena and the creation of an oil
benchmark in the Russian Federation is considered
and described
The article examines the main trends and prospects
of the Russian mortgage lending system
development. It examines the current state of the
mortgage market in the current socio-economic
conditions in the Russian Federation. It presents an
overview of the key market indicators of the past
few years. At the moment, interest rates have
decreased, compared to the previous year,
therefore the banks’ lowest interest rates have
been analysed. The article contains a review of the
mortgage programs with the most favourable
terms. The 2015 and 2016 results of the housing
markets, housing construction and mortgage
lending in the Russian Federation have been
analysed. Having considered the dynamics of the
debt on the mortgage loans that had been granted
to resident individuals, it was brought out that the
debt on mortgage loans in the period of the years
2013-2017 has been growing with each year. The
article examines the conditions of getting a
mortgage in 2017. Currently, the development of
the mortgage loan system is constrained by several
factors, in relation to which the article offers
recommendations on the possible ways to improve
it
The current assets essence is determined in the
article. The optional balance between current and
non-current assets, financing resources is established.
The factors of current assets management
mechanism, improvement efficiency are revealed
In this article, the issue of accounting for direct costs
as part of the cost of construction works and services
are considered, a characteristic is given to each of the
methods presented in the work, and calculations are
made on the basis of accounting data at LLC
MontazhTechStroy. In the course of the analysis,
positive and negative features of methods for writing
off materially production costs within the research
organization were revealed, conclusions were drawn in
accordance with which proposals were made to
rationalize the management accounting of the
economic entity with respect to methods for writing off
direct costs for the cost of finished goods (works,
services)
The problems of import substitution, resource features of the agrarian economy, through which you can generate significant competitive advantage, are discussed. It is noted that low abroad interest rates on loans create obvious unequal starting opportunities throughout the domestic business. As a result the cost of imported food in value chain terms reached in our country an enormous rate of $45 billion and that government realized the need of strengthening of food security, transferring of production of traditional kinds of products which form the basis of consumption of the population in our country, to the domestic market. It is noted that we need temporary moderate state protectionism and protection of the domestic market with the aim of modernizing the economy, attracting investors in the important field of production with high risks. The main problems and solutions that will help to further successful implementation of this strategy in the sectors of our economy are highlighted. It is noted that our region has the most effecting rural industrial structure, the best country’s climate, enlarged crop rotation, cheap labor resources, extensive experience in agribusiness. It is proposed to perform a set of measures to reduce systemic risks in agribusiness
This article discusses the activities of LLC «Electrosvyazstroy». The authors reviewed brief economic characteristics, the analysis of the motion and structure of working capital, the proposals for improving the efficiency of working capital LLC «Electrosvyazstroy». Not only the main funds, labor and financial resources, but also using inventories ensure production and economic activity of the enterprise. Materials are one of the most important elements of the production cycle of any organization. Currently in a market economy identifies the importance of quality-indicators, among them are such as reducing the unit cost of raw materials and fuel. This requires the integrated use of natural and material resources as much as possible to eliminate losses and irrational costs, is widely involved in the turnover of the secondary resources, as well as other products. The main purpose of working capital – ensuring continuity of the production process. Working capital has a special place in the structure of the enterprise, as they provide strong financial position, creditworthiness, and investment opportunities of a business entity. The policy of working capital management involves two basic questions: what level of working capital is most suitable, and for what account of sources it is possible to finance it
The article discusses the impact of the Olympic games
in Sochi on the development of the information
technology and innovation in the Krasnodar region.
The authorities understand that the mere use of the
Olympic legacy will not allow the region to hold the
highest position in innovation activity, so in the field
of the investment climate in the region there is a
systematical work. However, in the innovation
activities, their actions are fragmented. The article also
notes that there is a tendency for the results of
scientific research, which does not always meet the
needs of the real sector of the economy. There might
help the launch of the Western model of "science —
business" in Russia, where business comes to the
universities and raises scientific and technical
problems. Therefore, the author proposes a solution to
this problem by creating a triple helix "governmentbusiness-science".
The meaning of which lies in the
interaction of science, business and government, the
latter would function as an information catalyst. The
article provides an analysis of the basic indicators that
characterize the state and level of development of
scientific and innovation potential of the Krasnodar
region. The article also discusses some reasons why
the triple helix model is still not functioning
The factors influencing the sources and the methods of financing investment projects are described: goals, technological features of business, cycles of internal and external financial flows, the general situation on the market, types of risks and methods of managing them, the level of an investor's competence. The classification of sources of financing of investment projects is indicated according to own and attracted, internal and external characteristics. We have reflected the composition of: – own sources of financing: net profit of an economic entity; depreciation deductions; charity donations and other contributions; funds received from insurance companies; other savings – attracted funds: state, budget, debt, bank, venture financing of investment projects. The list of sources of financing on internal and external sources of financing of investment projects is given: 1. Internal own resources: financial and material reserves of the company in the form of special funds, accounts or assets under special management status; Financial assets that make up the depreciation fund of deductions for the reproduction of the capital base. 2. External investment resources: credit resources; issuing assets; cession of a part or share of ownership, decision–making, control over certain business processes; intellectual resources; tax preferences (vacations); public fund–raising (such as projects based on the use of the «crowd funding» system). The volume of direct foreign investments in the Russian Federation from 2006 to 2016 has been analyzed. The modern factors and the reasons influencing investment activity in the Russian economy are noted. Prospects for the development of the Russian economy until 2030 are considered
Methodical approaches to assessment of stability of reproduction processes which cornerstone formation of system of the balanced indicators which is based on coordination of functional and system-wide stability is are developed. The system of estimated indicators of stability is offered. The analytical model of assessment of stability providing the choice of criteria of efficiency and formation of system of estimated indicators is developed, as well as the analysis of dynamics of the external influencing factors, productive and economic indicators, financial and economic indicators; identification of the most characteristic and significant functional interrelations and dimension of interference of factors; assessment of reproduction opportunities of subjects of branch business. Calculation of an integrated indicator of financial and economic stability is performed. The complex assessment of stability providing combination of private indicators of eco-economic, technological and economic, financial and economic stability in an integrated indicator by means of methods of multidimensional correlation is given. The analysis of the factors influencing the level of stability and efficiency allowing estimating reproduction opportunities of the economic entities making grapes and wine-making production to define interrelations and interferences between resultant indicators and factorial signs and also to designate the arising disproportions is carried out. The generalizing characteristic of the macroeconomic, market and production factors influencing stability of reproduction processes in industrial wine growing is given. Based on the carried-out analysis of the factors causing stability and efficiency of reproduction processes in industrial production of grapes, the main reasons reducing stability of branch production are established
In the article, we consider the problem of inclusion of
different countries in the world economic system based
on the formation of national-oriented strategies of
social and economical development, taking into
account positive international experience and relying
on his own achievements were the focus of attention of
participants of the III International scientific-practical
conference "National economy in conditions of global
and local transformations", held in Armenia and
Georgia, 1-8.05, 2017
The study discusses the activities of TNCs as a factor of development of regional innovation systems of economy, which contributes to the spread of new methods of management, marketing, and new technologies. The prospects for Russia's development can be viewed as a huge resource for business expanding of the largest international companies, which gives relevance to the issues of studying TNCs as a global subject of the world economy, as well as the adaptation of international companies to Russian conditions. According to this the study of trends of transnationalization on the example of the Russian agricultural machinery market and the search of the ways to improve the efficiency of its functioning is an important factor in the development strategy of the state. Factors affecting the attraction of foreign investors to Russia include cost and production factors (availability of natural resources, cheap labor, the possibility of R & D and innovation); the attractiveness of the market (the size of the market and income per capita, the dynamics of growth in domestic and neighboring markets); government initiative (economic and political stability, tax incentives, developed infrastructure). The analysis in the article suggests that the presence of TNCs in the region is a significant factor in increasing innovation activity. In addition, the development of balanced investment programs, taking into account the plans of TNCs, as well as the obligation to monitor their implementation, is the key to increasing the investment attractiveness of the regions
The main problems of poultry farming and ways to
overcome them under the conditions of import
substitution are now under consideration. The
dynamics of production and poultry products
consumption is being analyzed. It has been stated to
form an integrated approach towards the
implementation of the concept of poultry farming in
the new economic conditions. That will guarantee
import substitution and increase the competitiveness of
the Krasnodar region and Russia in the world food
market
The state of any economic system depends on the values of its parameters, both in the current period and at previous times. Therefore, in the process of optimization of production management, it is necessary to take into account this feature of the development of the systems under consideration. The most important task of economic research is the establishment of an equilibrium price. The most suitable hysteresis converters for solving this problem, the formal description of which is based on their operator interpretation. However, at present, when analyzing the functions of supply and demand, a cobweb-like model and its analogues are used, as a rule. This article discusses the unresolved problem of optimizing production under conditions of hysteresis pricing and competition. Taking into account that their mathematical modeling is the main method of analyzing economic systems with hysteresis properties, different pricing models (discrete and continuous) are considered in the article, as well as economic and mathematical tools for optimizing production activity under hysteresis pricing conditions. The developed models can be used to increase the adequacy of the formal mathematical description of the corresponding systems, which is the basis for more accurate forecasts of their development. In the conditions of hysteresis pricing, production optimization algorithms will allow to create optimal (in terms of achieving maximum profit) price and production strategies for the development of economic systems
Mathematical modeling is one of the leading places among methods of research of economic systems and processes. The article considers the main management problem of the rocket-space complex in modern conditions and gives a brief description of this problem in conjunction with the tasks of innovative modernization and financial sustainability of enterprises of the complex. We have considered a common situation where the enterprises of the rocket-space complex in implementation of its development is carrying out an investment project, the financing of which is taken from a loan. It is proved that the implementation of this project can be appropriate, if as a result of the implementation the net present value of the enterprise increases. We have developed a model, which provides optimization of financial providing of high-tech enterprises of the rocket-space complex in the implementation of their modernization project taking into account the specifics of the use of own and borrowed funds
The article discusses the role and importance of the
process of staff rotation in organizations. Not to
mention the important role of this process in
constructing the system of personnel management.
The proposed system of rotation of personnel in the
organization, which consists of several stages,
including some incoming information and the
necessary procedures. A schematic representation of
the process of rotation of personnel in the
organization will allow management to clearly
understand the objectives and actions at each stage of
rotation and to systematize the results.
Systematization of the process of rotation will
increase staff motivation and productivity, reduce
employee turnover and organizational costs. An
important component of the rotation is planning of
internal staff movements. The article presents an
example of a table plan staff movements taking into
account the types of movement, divisions and posts.
This takes into account the sequence of individual
movements and training of candidates. Planning
internal labor movements will improve the moralpsychological
climate in the team, reduce staff
turnover and thus improve socio-economic
performance of the organization as a whole. As a
result of implementation of the above activities, the
organization will receive not only economic but also
social effect
This work is devoted to a new method for designing
large-scale structures of transport networks. The
model of a large-scale transport network is built on
prefractal graphs. The model of a large-scale transport
network is based on the principle of hierarchical
organization of territories. A prefractal graph is a
finite analogue of a fractal graph combining the
properties of a fractal and a graph. Some problems of
discrete optimization on prefractal graphs become
polynomially solvable under certain conditions.
Reducing the complexity of extreme problems on
prefractal graphs is due to the fact that on these
graphs for some problems, along with the selfsimilarity
property, the property of heredity appears.
Using this property, it is possible to construct parallel
algorithms for problems on prefractal graphs, the
complexity of which is orders of magnitude lower
than for known successive algorithms
The article presents a simulation modeling method
which is applied to the development analysis of the
microeconomic objects. Examination of the classical
version of the simulation dynamic model E
(Enterprise) intended for research of monoproduct
enterprises with unchanged technology is conducted;
the possibilities of its adaptation for small business
objects and modifications to the imitation model of a
small enterprise (IMSE) are proved. The dendrogram
of the complex of possible IMSE modifications formed
on the basis of the E model is presented, which allows
describing the activity of small firms of different
profiles and solving a wide range of tasks of their
strategic planning and management. The proposed
dendrogram is a conceptual framework for imitating
modeling of small business objects
The article describes definition of a new type of
crypto currency and innovative payment system. It
outlines the relevance in connection with the fact that
Bitcoin is gaining popularity. For the first time in
history Bitcoin exchange rate reached $ 4000 per
token. It is noted that despite the growing popularity
of Bitcoin, Russia's opinion about Bitcoin's official
status is ambiguous: Bitcoin is not officially
recognized, as a means of payment, and, at the same
time, as noted in the official report of the Central
Bank of Russia, is not prohibited. The main types of
fraud using of crypto currency are listed. The
negative consequences of the introduction of crypto
currency into circulation have been studied and
analyzed. The main advantages of Bitcoin are
described: it is easy to use, reliable; its system is
open and not subject to counterfeiting. The
possibilities of its use for the financial crimes was
analyzed. It describes positions of the leading
countries of the world in relation to the legal status of
Bitcoin. The main principles of the Bitcoin system
operation are summarized and systemized; the main
vulnerabilities and "weak spots" of Bitcoin are
described with examples of the most known crimes in
the world using virtual money. The BTC
vulnerabilities are described in the article. This data,
as well as a description of the main aspects of the
Bitcoin practical essence, can be applied in practice
as the basis for analysis to identify and prevent
financial crimes using crypto currency
The article proposes a solution to one of the problems
of small business, which is creation of a part of the
software of management of information system
efficiency for small processing enterprises of AIC.
The fact is, that currently, there are almost no
information systems to support small business. All
known information systems have approximately the
same list of automated functions, covering the
accounting phase, and sometimes phase of analysis.
Practically, not affected by the evaluation function of
the economic situation, prediction, planning and
regulation. The proposed mathematical model has
been developed on the basis of the creation of
streaming schemes of one-product processing
enterprises of agroindustrial complex and
mathematical description of the proceeding financial
and material flows
In the article the analysis of an entity of consumer
value is provided, approaches to the description of a
concept of value are discussed; problems of a research
and measurement of consumer value are updated. The
consumer value of goods expresses in a choice from a
large number of similar goods, conditions for which
can be its cost, qualitative characteristics, gradations,
the sizes. It is set that in case of determination of
consumer value it is impossible to be guided only by
its cost, here its qualitative characteristics, conditions
of the supplier and the level of service will be an
important index for acquisition by wholesalers. The
consumer value of production proceeds from the
advantages got by the buyer from his acquisition and
costs of its purchase made by it. In addition, to
understand priorities of the buyer, it is necessary to
select analysis stages of consumer value, which are
divided into several processes; they include
production, a market research, and questions of sale
and support of production. Authors consider the value
as one-dimensional and multivariate construction,
select three basic approaches to value assessment. It is
set that pricing based on prime cost is made from
analytics of need of the buyer, with establishment of
necessity of goods for it, and its cost should
characterize its advantages
The article is about modern requirements to audit
documentation in accordance with International
Standards of Audit (ISAs). As the usage of ISAs in
Russia obliges auditors to use the new approaches to
agreeing terms of audit engagement, audit planning,
obtaining audit evidence and forming audit opinion, an
auditor has to prepare new forms of audit
documentation as the result of an audit conduct. The
main standard that contains information about audit
documentation is ISA 230 «Audit documentation». It
gives definition of «audit documentation», «audit file»,
«requirements to audit documentation» etc. The author
also analyses the theses of some other ISAs that might
also contain rules of making audit documentation. For
example, ISA 210 «Agreeing the term of audit
engagements» obliges auditor to make an audit
engagement letter, ISA 501 «Audit evidence – specific
consideration for selected items» says that an auditor
should conduct inventory of materials and as the result
of it make a request for being included into in the
inventory committee etc.
The article covers the theoretical aspects of the
regional investment and innovation policy and the
investment potential of the region. The key task of
regional investment and innovation policy is defined
ensuring innovation and reproduction of growth for by
using the competitive advantages of the region. The
analysis of distribution of the Russian regions on a
rating of the investment climate and the characteristic
of regions with the smallest and greatest investment
risk is submitted. It is revealed that the Krasnodar
region, speaking of the investment potential, within the
last two years surely takes the fourth place among
regions of Russia, and the share of Kuban in the
Russia's investment potential has made 2,856%. Thus,
the favorable investment climate of the Krasnodar
region develops at the expense of the following factors:
convenient geographical position, the developed
transport infrastructure, availability of unique
recreational resources, attractive sales markets,
positive climatic conditions and reserves of minerals.
We have defined the essence and the main directions
of development of the investment and innovation
capacity of the region on the example of the Krasnodar
region, which include: technology modernization and
structural adjustment of the region; forming and
continuous organizational support of regional projects
and programs; stimulation of development acting and
creation of new innovation, scientific production and
scientific and technical structures. The scheme of
carrying out monitoring of development of the
innovation capacity of the region and the scheme of
organizational and economic ensuring implementation
of the investment and innovation policy of the region
have also been developed
The article examines the key aspects of import of food
in Russia at the present stage. The relevance of this
problem is necessary to the development directions of
rationalization of import substitution, under condition
of increase of competitiveness of domestic
agricultural producers. The importance of this
problem increases in recent years due to sanctions and
embargoes, highlights the need for comprehensive
studies in the formation of commodity composition of
import substitution of food products and determining
the key factors of its regulation. The work presents
the analysis of dynamics of volume of imports of
foodstuffs and agricultural raw materials for their
production and its diversification based on import
substitution. We discuss main commodity groups of
food and, in particular, crop production and
viticulture. In addition, we examined the major groups
of goods from the point of view of the potential and
opportunities for import substitution and selected
those items, which, for various reasons, cannot be
carried out in the Russian conditions due to climatic
and other factors. As a result of the study, the authors
concluded that the introduction of anti-Russian
sanctions and the retaliatory embargo on imports of
foreign agricultural commodities in general had a
positive impact on the development of the domestic
agricultural business, which is confirmed by the
indices of growth of agricultural production in recent
years. In addition, if there is further adequate funding
of this sector, it is possible to speak about prospects of
strengthening of food independence of Russia
In the article, we show the need of improvement of
quality of the public and municipal services and level
of satisfaction of the population. It is proved that
development of electronic public and municipal
services is an important component of increase in
effectiveness of control, development of economy
and the social sphere and formation of digital
economy. Development of the social sphere, the
system of public administration, interaction of
citizens and the state is possible only using
information and communication technologies. It is
probed: development of technologies of electronic
interaction of citizens, organizations, public
authorities and local government; application in
public authorities of Russia of the new technologies
providing improvement of quality of public
administration; enhancement of mechanisms of
electronic democracy. There is a need of lowering of
duplicating of expenditures on development of
electronic public services and portals. Formation of
information space taking into account needs of
citizens and society for obtaining qualitative and
authentic data, use of infrastructure of the electronic
government will change idea of rendering the public
and municipal services for citizens and will give the
following opportunities: one access point to federal
and regional services; convenient search and
addressing directories; a private office with complete
history of operations, addresses and correspondences;
legally significant notification messages from the
state; interactive informers on penalties and debts; the
modern interface with a complete support of mobile
use; the help and support for consultation in
extraordinary situations; independent control of
services and content
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article reveals the thought of hermeneuticity of philosophy by its nature and methods of exposition. Philosophy is not technical, but personal. The study of personal philosophy is impossible without studying the life journey of the philosopher, considering the constitution of his soul and mind. Philosophy always contains a hidden sense that needs to be deployed. It proves the necessity of transition in teaching philosophy to the position of hermeneutics. Insight of philosophy should be sought in education. Only in a condition of insight does man find the direction of his life, reach the fullness of his being. The skill of philosophizing is available only to those who can talk with questions. Sense is born in a "live" dialogue. Asking about the known for the purpose of discovering the unknown sides of the object is the difference between philosophical thinking. Philosophical problematic is diverse and contradictory, and therefore, the existential purpose of philosophy, in the opinion of the authors, is self-interrogation. And philosophical questions do not always require an answer. Philosophical questions do not disappear anywhere; questions are more important than answers. Questions serve as symbols of constant movement and changeability. Uniformity and sameness is not inherent in philosophy. Philosophy is personal, original and impulsive, does not allow invariant judgments. Philosophy should be studied only using a philosophical method
The aim of the article is to demonstrate binarism as a
method of theoretical perception. First of all, the
authors define the initial concept of binarism as a
principle of differentiating binary oppositions which
came from philology into other sciences. Then, they
stipulate the application conditions of binarism as a
methodological principle, namely, both members of
the opposition are stipulated, however, reasoning
should not contain such logical mistakes as ‘defining
through negation’ and ‘range of evidence’.
Subsequently, logic of description is connected with
stipulation of the ‘life’ concept, first, philosophically,
then, using propositions of some natural sciences,
namely, biological and, further on, physical and
astrophysical definitions. Every time the authors use
binary principle in describing these propositions. So,
every time it becomes evident that if death can be
defined as absence of life, the concept of life requires
another approach, based on positive statements, which
is also hard to do as it leads the researchers to the limit
‘nothing’ – ‘everything’; ‘not being’ – ‘being’. The
results of the article have double nature. As the aim of
the investigation was to demonstrate application
features of the definite methodological principle,
representation of the material may be considered as
the aim achievement. In addition, in the concluding
part the authors draw a line, formulating theoretical
propositions, which concern both natural science and
philosophical argumentation
Social Sciences and Humanities
Nowadays, as a result of modernization of the Russian
higher education, it is important to improve its quality
on part of the competence approach. This article
covers the aspects of perfection of the academic
process in the sphere of a foreign language in a nonlinguistic
university. The basic components are
communicative approach use, specialty component
development, the use of the interactive education,
motivation development and the regional component
usage at lessons. Methodically correct use of these
aspects as a whole will facilitate the foreign
communicative competence development of technical
students in non-linguistic universities
Anthropocentric orientation of modern linguistics
determines the central place of the person and speech
acts in scientific research. The speech is the main tool
for the teacher to promote effective communication
and its harmonization. Therefore, it is important in the
process of pedagogical communication to select the
communication strategy that will enable faster and
more productive to achieve aims. The article considers
several definitions of communication strategies (O. S.
Issers, I. N. Borisova, Y. V. Sorokina, Y.Y. Pospelova,
O. V. Philippova), which are based on the basis of aim
setting. The communication strategy will be defined as
a complex of speech acts aimed at realizing a specific
communicative purpose. Despite the fact that
pedagogical communication is characterized by a
certain (though rather extensive) range of objectives,
there is not a single point of view about the list of
strategies of academic discourse in the scientific
literature at the moment. Among the most respected,
quoted it is possible to allocate the theory of V. I.
Karasik (explain, evaluate, promote, organize, and
control strategies), N. A. Antonova (imperative,
informative, communicative and regulating strategies),
M. A. Prisyazhnova (informative, regulatory and
contact-establishing strategy), M. Y. Aleshkov
(information-justifying, manipulative-consolidating,
expressive-appellative and monitoring and evaluation
strategy). The article considers the aims, functions of
pedagogical communication, which contribute the
using of these strategies and peculiarities of their
implementation
Nowadays a foreign language study becomes more
required; consequently, it is important to use various
technologies for an effective result after finishing the
studies. The project technique is a modern one and it
has a number of principles, such as the activity
principle, visual principle, communicative principle,
availability and realization principles, the principle of
regional specification and minimization. Their correct
use facilitates the development of a foreign
communicative competence of non-linguistic students
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article touches upon the question of the legal
personality of farm unincorporated as a whole and in
trading relations. The author gives scientific concepts
concerning the recognition / non-recognition of farm
unincorporated as a subject of law. Most scientists
believe that the farm unincorporated does not subjects
of law. Proponents of this view consider the farm
unincorporated as a multiplicity of persons, or as a kind
of special partnerships. The author thinks that these
points of view are questionable. The author joins the
persons who think that the farm unincorporated is a
special subject of law. The author understands the
trading relations as a cross-industry category. Therefore,
the author concludes that the farm unincorporated is the
subject of the trade relationship. This is because the
farm unincorporated is not a subject of civil law, but it
is a subject of other branches of law (for example, land
law and labor law). Therefore, a farm unincorporated
can be the subject of trading relations
The article describes the criminalistic features of fraud
in insurance. Particular attention is paid to the basic
elements, such as the ways of committing fraud, the
study of social and psychological portrait of a criminal,
the circumstances of the crime, the mechanism of the
crime and other elements. The article reveals different
types of performances applied for committing fraud in
insurance. Special attention is paid to the most
common traces of crime in insurance. Material traces
are found in a wide variety of documents: insurance
contracts, insurance policies, medical records, the
findings of evaluation expertise, the certificates issued
by the law enforcement agencies, acts of car repair
shops, acts of firefighters, etc. The article traces the
material except the author gives the concept of ideal
traces that remain in the minds of all victims and
witnesses. The author presents a classification of fraud
in insurance according to various reasons: depending
on the degree of organization of the fraud and the
status of persons who commit fraud. The results of the
author’s research covered in this article relate to
preliminary verification of the crime in insurance. The
article considers different situations requiring
inspection for detecting criminal activities in insurance
The article describes the main problems of criminalistic
classification of crimes against family and minors.
There were investigated the characteristics of criminal
law and criminal nature, which is the basis for the
classification
The authors of the article consider legal organizational and tactical issues related to the search activities of operative-search units for the determination and detection of murders committed by an organized group. The authors compared certain provisions and norms of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, criminal law, criminal procedural law, Federal Laws regulating operative-search activities, searching activity in particular, some issues of obtaining information from confidential sources. Particularly, the authors consider the preparation, commission and concealment of murders committed by an organized group, and come to the conclusion that they are distinguished by careful planning, thoughtful execution and distribution of roles between accomplices. Detection and investigation of such cases are often really difficult due to their non-obvious conditions and concealment of traces of crime by criminals and counteraction to investigation. Therefore, the timely identification of persons involved in commitment of a murder mainly depends on capabilities of units carrying out operational search activities wisely used by an investigator
The article analyzes the stages of formation of Institute
of state and municipal service in the Russian state. The
analysis of the problems has identified in the process
of implementation of this institution and the direct
correlation of the level of professional training of
employees and quality of the implementing service.
We consequently suggest ways to improve the training
of state and municipal employees
Social Sciences and Humanities
The subject of upbringing is becoming more urgent in
the agenda of modern reality. Upbringing of the
individual has always attracted attention. In the article,
the author reflects on the components of personality:
spirituality and morality, their relation. The author also
proceeds from the thought that the source of man's
creative activity is laid in his spiritual and moral values
The article deals with the formation of the didactic
competence of students at a pedagogical university in
the process of independent work. This article describes
some results of an empirical study on the formation of
the didactic competence of students at a pedagogical
university in the process of independent work
The article explains that the formation of new content
and forms of professional training of future teachers
in higher education institution must be implemented
with emphasis on its ability to self-development, but
rather, on professional and personal self-development.
This work discusses the following areas that
characterize the professional and personal selfdevelopment
of future teachers of mathematics: the
organization of the educational process with a strong
orientation to future teachers of mathematics;
integration of educational technologies of selfdevelopment
of personality of students – future
teachers of mathematics, aimed at formation of skills
of independent educational activity, ability to selfeducation;
formation of professional communicative
competence of future mathematics teachers both
through traditional means of communication in the
educational process, and through remote (computermediated
communication); the actualization of
reflexivity of personality of future teacher of
mathematics; the development of the requirement of
motivational sphere, based on professional motives
and interests, willingness to self-improvement in
professional activity. It is shown that the process of
professional and personal self-development of future
teacher of mathematics in the educational process of a
university will be efficient if all of these areas will
manifest themselves together, inseparable from each
other
The article discusses the problem of improving the
quality of vocational education. The pedagogical
model of the formation of professional competences of
the students-designers is proposed as a way of
effective training of specialists in the field of design.
The principle of composite is the basis for the
formation of the pedagogical model. The modular
program is the mechanism of implementation of the
pedagogical model. The structure of the pedagogical
model includes next blocks: the semantic, the contentorganizational
and the evaluation-productive. The
result of the application of the pedagogical model is
the formation of the professional competencies of
future specialists in the field of design, which
correlates with the competence context in the system
of higher education
Modern universities do not have effective
techniques for evaluating the quality of education
of students and effectiveness of teachers' activity
that allows controlling and directing its activities.
We have proposed to perform the quality evaluation
of students preparation based on the results of
intermediate assessments, examinations, and test
results of the teachers, who held their classes. The
article provides analytical expressions for
calculating the quality of the current preparation of
students and the quality of education of graduates,
the effectiveness of teachers in core activities
(educational, methodical and scientific work). In
assessing the quality of education, we have
considered the learning outcomes, employment
potential, i.e. educational and labor activity. The
proposed techniques will increase the objectivity of
the assessment of the quality of graduates’
education in technical universities and the
effectiveness of teachers. This will allow us to
make changes in the organization of educational
process and the content of working programs of
training, educational and methodical and material
and technical support, to change the contents and
technologies of improvement of qualification of the
teaching staff that will contribute to increase
demand for graduates in the labor market
One of the main components of quality of training of modern qualified personnel is the high level of teaching in universities. The article analyzes the problems of teaching information technology, preventing the formation of the high level of information competence in graduates of agricultural universities. This study examines the causes of problematic situations in teaching the subject: a low level of training of students on informatics and weak motivation of first-year students to study it; organizational and substantive errors of school and university education; low motivation of teachers to improve their professional level, to the publication of educational literature and creation of electronic materials; under-funding of personnel and hardware and software support of educational process; increasing the training of classroom teachers and number of subjects. The author proposes some approaches of a general nature to the solution of the problems under consideration: redistribution of the training course on the stages; main requirements of the school and University curriculum; raising the prestige of obtaining agricultural education and the introduction of entrance examinations for applicants; the introduction into the learning process of modern hardware and software technologies and new forms of education; reforming the system of professional development of teachers; the decline in classroom teachers; improving the system of material incentives for teachers to update the educational literature and the preparation of electronic materials; modernization of system of preparation of manuscripts for publication in the printing house; increase of salaries and introduction of allowances to teachers; improving the system of performance evaluation of teachers. Implementation of the proposed package of measures will lead, in the author's opinion, to increase the prestige of the teaching profession in society and the quality of teaching, thereby improve the degree of training of graduates of agricultural universities
Health Sciences
The retrospective study of patients with retinal vein
occlusion and frequency of pseudoexfoliation
syndrome is made in this study. Retinal vein occlusion
is the second most common type of retinal vascular
disorder, after diabetic retinal disease, and may
develop with a consequent reduction in visual acuity.
Pseudoexfoliation syndrome is an age-related disease
characterized by the production and accumulation of a
fibrillar extracellular material in several ocular tissues
We have analyzed data of 73 patients with retinal vein
occlusion. It was detected that risk of central vein
occlusion is higher in patients with pseudoexfoliation
syndrome (23,3% of patients were diagnosed as having
pseudoexfoliation syndrome). In the branch retinal
vein occlusion group only 9,3% of patients had
pseudoexfoliation syndrome. In control group only
8,6% of patients had this syndrome. Control group was
made of 80 patients similar in age without any retinal
and cardiovascular abnormalities, patients with
episodes of ocular hypertension, glaucoma, and those
who had undergone cataract surgery were excluded
from the study. Pseudoexfoliation syndrome may be
considered as an independent risk factor for
development of central retinal vein occlusion
Health Sciences
The revolutionary discoveries of recent years in immunology has proved that protection from infections and biological aggression leading role played by innate immunity, which leads to the launch and subsequent work of specific adaptive immunity. Today, it is well-known that almost any pathology of the animal affects the immune system and creates an immune imbalance, leading to development of chronic pathological process, frequent relapses and to the development of different kind of complications. Secondary immunodeficiency states are widely distributed and differ in many etiological factors age, nutritional, medicinal, infectious and neoplastic nature, which leads to increased susceptibility of animal to various раthogenic factors, the weakening of the body. Awareness of the role of immunological disorders in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases has led to the need use in veterinary medicines that are aimed to influence on the immune system of the animal at the known molecular mechanism, to combine safety with high clinical efficacy. In this respect, a promising immunomodulators of microbial origin, due to the knowledge of the recognition mechanisms of the innate immune system such as bacteria as a whole, separate structural units, including mini-optimal biologically active fragments. This review is dedicated to one of the immunomodulator of microbial origin – which is an analog of biologically active fragment of muramyldipeptide of bacterial cell walls ‒ glucosaminylmuramildipeptide (GMDP), which is the active substance of registrated in Russia drug with the trade name Glicopin for use in veterinary practice. The drug showed high efficiency when used in cats, dogs, rodents, ferrets with infections of bacterial and viral etiology; cancer; with the aim of improving the natural resistance of the organism of young and old animals; enhance the effectiveness of vaccination in immunocompromised animals; postvaccine reduce complications; reduce stress financial position, such as during transportation and various veterinary treatments; injuries and on-line intervention (for stimulation of repair processes and tissue regeneration); prevention of immunodeficiency in newborn animals; the reduction of postpartum involutional processes in the uterus. Analysis of literature data allows us to consider an important outcome of immunologiс discoveries of recent years is the change of views on the question of the treatment of infectious diseases and the role of drugs as activators of innate immunity, among which an important role is played by a synthetic analogue of muramyldipeptide (GMDP) is a drug with a known molecular mechanism of action
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article deals with the migration and its creating
reasons, which have great role in changes of the content
and number of the population, the effects of migration
processes in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic on
demographic development and the problems of their
settlement. For this reason, the problems caused the
internal and the external migration of the population
from the beginning of independence years are analyzed.
Starting from the second decade of independence the
progress in the rising of natural and migration increase
of the population at the result of establishment of new
workplaces and industrial facilities are foregrounded
The transformation of society, its subsystems and
institutions led to the changing requirements of
professional competencies of graduates. Among the
most significant types of professional activities in
national standards research activities are called.
Accordingly, an important role in preparation of
graduating students of institutions is now played by
such form of independent work as research activity.
The article is devoted to the study of the influence of
scientific-research work of students on the formation
of their professional competences. It discusses the
concept of competence, research work of the student.
Presents the results carried out by the authors of the
sociological research devoted to the study of attitude
of students of Kuban state technological University for
the research work. The basic forms of research work
done by students are pointed. The ideas of respondents
about the role of scientific work in training and social
mobility of graduates are considered. Key qualities
and competencies that can be formed in the process of
employment of research work are certain. Among
them the most important the respondents believe the
skills of working with information, skills of selfeducation,
development of creative abilities
Social Sciences and Humanities
A study of the Russian costume and household
items was carried out. It is proved that folk art of
embroidery has deep artistic and craft traditions
and historical roots and is a special socio-cultural
type of folk culture. The ornaments were one of the
characteristic features of Russian clothing, its
technical techniques of embroidery, specific
ornamental motifs and colors, which determine its
originality, being, as it were, a passport of culture,
its historical path, intercultural and interethnic ties.
It is determined that decorative decoration with
embroidery of costume complexes, related to
archaism, is the value of Russian folk culture at
historical stages as universal values. The nature
and quantity of embroidery, even the semantic
meaning of ornamental patterns, depended on the
expediency, characteristic of folk clothes, on
reasons of economy, age and local differences, and
various customs in accordance with which clothes
were used. Images of ancient Slavic mythology
came into folk embroidery and lived there for
centuries not by chance. They decorated clothes,
towels, and ghosts, which had important ritual
significance during folk festivals and traditional
rituals. The people faithfully observed the laws of
fathers and grandfathers, along with them, from
generation to generation, images of ancient
mythology also came. The implication of the
research is that the history of every country entirely
depends on the artifacts which bear global
information about the epoch they were created
Physical Sciences and Engineering
In the article, we consider climatic conditions during the cold period of the year in the mountain claster of
Sochi. We have analyzed variability of time series of
air temperature and precipitation sums at meteostation
Krasnaya Polyana. We have established, that average
daily temperature in the cold period was growing
during the last thirty years. This process was
accompanied by decreasing of daily temperature
amplitides. Winter of the year 2016/17 is characterized
by early beginning of snow accumulation because of
comparatively low temperatures in December 2016.
This was the reason in general for comparatively more
dense snow cover and to more frequent avalanches